段落翻译 中英文对照

1. The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duanwu Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating Tzung Tzu and racing dragon boats.

The most important activities of this festival are the dragon boat races. Competing teams drive their colorful dragon boats forward to the rhythm（节奏,韵律） of beating drums. These exciting races were inspired by the villager's attempts to rescue Chu Yuan from the Mi Lo River. This tradition has remained unbroken for centuries.

A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat festival is tzung tzu. This tasty dish consists of rice dumplings with meat, peanut, egg yolk（蛋黄）, or other fillings wrapped in bamboo leaves. The tradition of tzung tzu is meant to remind us of the village fishermen scattering rice across the water of the Mi Low River in order to appease the river dragons so that they would not devour Chu Yuan.

一，端午节

龙舟节也叫做端午节，它位于每年农历的五月初五，经过几千年的时间，划龙舟和吃粽子已经成为这个节日的标志。

端午节最重要的活动是龙舟竞赛，比赛的队伍在热烈的鼓声中划著他

们多彩的龙舟前进。这项活动的灵感是来自於当时汨罗江畔的居民，在江中划船救屈原，而这个传统也一直保持了数个世纪。

在端午节时受欢迎的食物就是粽子，粽子是以米包著肉、花生、蛋黄及其他材料，再以竹叶包裹。而粽子的传统则来由於汨罗江边的渔夫，将米丢入江中平息江中的蛟龙，希望他们不要将屈原吃掉。

2. Double Ninth Festival

The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chong yang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival. It usually falls in October in the Gregorian calendar. In an ancient and mysterious book Yi Jing, or The Book of Changes, number 6 was thought to be of Yin character, meaning feminine or negative, while number 9 was thought to be Yang, meaning masculine or positive. So the number nine in both month and day create the Double Ninth Festival, or Chong yang Festival. Chong in Chinese means double. Also, as double ninth was pronounced the same as the word to signify forever, both are Jiu Jiu, the Chinese ancestors considered it an auspicious day worth celebration. That‘s why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this festival long time ago.

The Double Ninth Festival is also a time when chrysanthemum blooms. China boasts diversified species of chrysanthemum and people have loved them since ancient times. So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes a key

activity on this festival. Also, people will drink chrysanthemum wine. Women used to stick such a flower into their hair or hang its branches on windows or doors to avoid evilness. In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Double Ninth Festival as Seniors‘ Day. Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities will organize an autumn trip each year for those who have retired from their posts. At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors will find themselves merged into nature. Younger generations will bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day. 二，重阳节

农历九月九日，为传统的重阳节。因为古老的《易经》中把“六”定

为阴数，把“九”定为阳数，九月九日，日月并阳，两九相重，故而

叫重阳，也叫重九，古人认为是个值得庆贺的吉利日子，并且从很早

就开始过此节日。

重阳节正是一年的金秋时节，菊花盛开，民间还把农历九月称为“菊月”，在菊花傲霜怒放的重阳节里，观赏菊花成了节日的一项重

要内容，当然，人们也会喝一些菊花酒。女人会把茱萸插在头上或挂

在门口，可以避难消灾。

今天的重阳节，被赋予了新的含义，在1989年，我国把每年的九月

九日定为老人节，传统与现代巧妙地结合，成为尊老、敬老、爱老、

助老的老年人的节日。全国各机关、团体、街道，往往都在此时组织

从工作岗位上退下来的老人们秋游赏景，或临水玩乐，或登山健体，让身心都沐浴在大自然的怀抱里；不少家庭的晚辈也会搀扶着年老的长辈到郊外活动或为老人准备一些礼物。

三，元宵节

每年农历的正月十五日是中国的元宵节。元宵主要的活动就是看灯。各式各样美丽的花灯在这一天都会点亮，孩子们提着自制的灯笼走街串巷，非常高兴。猜灯谜也是元宵节的一项重要活动, 因为谜语能启迪智慧又有趣，所以深受社会各阶层的欢迎。当天也有吃元宵的习俗，元宵又称汤圆，这个名称和“团圆”字音相近，所以人们也以此象征一家人团圆、和谐与幸福。

3. Chinese lantern festival

The Lantern Festival in China falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. This day's important activity is watching lanterns. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors. Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited. "Guessing lantern riddles" is also an essential part of the Festival. As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata. People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day; Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan. tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with "tuanyuan”, meaning

reunion. So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.

四，西湖是座落在历史悠久的杭州的著名的一个淡水湖泊。西湖的名字早在唐朝就固定下来。在宋代，中国著名诗人苏东坡写的一首诗来赞美西湖，把它和中国传说(legendary)中的美丽西子相比。自那时以来，西湖有另一种优雅（elegant）的名字西子湖. 著名的西湖就像一颗璀璨的明珠，镶嵌(embed)在美丽富饶的中国东海沿岸。意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗(Marco Polo)曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己是在天堂。”五，汉字是世界上使用时间最久、空间最广、人数最多的文字之一。汉字的创制和应用不仅推进了中华文化的发展，而且对世界文化的发展产生了深远的影响。汉字形成为系统的文字是公元前16世纪的商朝。汉字是以象形字(pictographic character)为基础，以形声字(phonogram)为主体的表意文字体系，总数约有一万个，其中最常用的有三千个左右。汉字产生以后，对周边国家产生了深刻影响。日本、越南、朝鲜等国家的文字都是在汉字的基础上创制的。

5. Chinese character is one of the characters which have been used for the longest time, in the widest areas, and by the most people in the world. The creation and application of Chinese characters has not only boosted the development of Chinese culture, but also had far-reaching influence on

development of the world culture. It is during the Shang Dynasty in the 16th Century BC that the Chinese characters came into being a systematic character. The Chinese characters are a ideograph system based on pictographic characters, with phonograms being its main body. The total number of Chinese characters is about ten thousand, about 3000 of which are most frequently used. The generating of Chinese characters had profound influence on China’s surrounding countries. The characters of Japan, Vietnam, and North Korea were all formulated on the basis of Chinese characters.

六，京剧

京剧本来是一种地方性的戏剧表演形式，由于它传遍中国大江南北，深受群众欢迎与喜爱，所以就慢慢演变成了代表中国艺术特色的全国性戏剧。京剧表演融合了唱、念、作、打等多种艺术表现形式，辅以五彩缤纷的服装道具以及化妆。在京剧中，女性的角色被称做“旦”，男性的角色被称做“生”，小丑被称做“丑”每个角色都会依照他们的性别、年龄及个性，在脸上画不同的脸谱。这样，观众可以很容易地分清这些演员所扮员的角色是什么样的性格。

七，中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。筷子古时称为箸，它看似简单，但却同时具有夹、

拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有“和为贵“的意蕴。西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。

3. Chinese lantern festival

The Lantern Festival in China falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. This day's important activity is watching lanterns. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors. Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited. "Guessing lantern riddles" is also an essential part of the Festival. As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata. People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day, Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan. tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with "tuanyuan”, meaning reunion. So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.

4. West Lake or Xī Hú is a famous fresh water lake located in the historic area of Hangzhou. The name of West Lake was fixed as early as the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the Chinese renowned poet Su Dongpo wrote a poem to praise the West Lake

and compared it to Xizi, a Chinese legendary beauty. Since then, the West Lake has another elegant name Xizi Lake. The famous West Lake is like a brilliant pearl embedded in the beautiful and fertile shores of the East China Sea. The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.”

6. Peking opera

Originally a form of local theatre, Peking Opera spread all over the country and then became the national opera of China. Peking Opera combines stylized acting with singing, dancing, musical dialogues, martial arts, colorful facial make-up and artistic costumes. Female roles are "Dan", male roles are “Sheng”, and clowns are “Chou”. Each role, according to their sex, age and disposition, is characterized by different designs of facial make-up. So the audience can easily tell what kind of character an actor is performing.

7. The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world. The recorded history of chopsticks started more than three hundred years ago. Chopsticks were named zhu in ancient Chinese. They look deceptively simple to use, but possess

various functions, such as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping

poking, tearing, and so on. Chopsticks were taken as a masc

ot by ordinary people in ancient China. For example chopsticks are often used by people as a metaphor at weddings to indicate a blessing for the couple to have a baby soon. Unlike using a knife and fork or one’s hand, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is what matters.” Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization.