定语从句讲与练
定语从句讲与练
定语从句是整个高中阶段的重点语法项目。无论在书面表达还是在单项选择中定语从句经常出现。现将其用法讲解如下。
一、基本概念
所谓定语从句就是用一个句子来作定语。基本构成是“先行词+关系词+从句部分”。
这里有两点需要强调：1.从句部分中不能再出现“先行词”；2.关系词的使用与先行词相关，但主要是又从句的谓语动词来决定的。
(1)误：It is the thing that I am looking for it.
正：It is the thing that I am looking for.
(2)I still remembered the day that I spent in the small village.
I still remembered the day when I stayed at the small village.
上面两句中，一个用that,因为spent是及物动词，而另一句中用when,因为stayed是不及物动词。
二、关系词的判定
关系词能够分成两类：关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose, as）和关系副词(when, where, why)。按照定语从句的要求：先行词在从句中充当某种成分，所以我们在判定关系词时能够这样做：如果先行词在从句中作主语、宾语、标语等则考虑关系代词；如果先行词在从句中作状语则用关系副词（或介词+which）。特别是在充当宾语时，我们要注意从句的谓语动词，是及物动词的用关系代词，是不及物动词的用关系副词。如：
1.Do you still remember the chicken farm _______ we visited three months age?
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
2.I have many friends, ______ some are businessmen..
A. of them
B. from which
C. who of
D. of whom
3.A terrible earthquake happened in that district at the end of 2004, ______ many countries in the world paid close attention to this.
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. what
4.He is such a lazy man _______ nobody wants to work with _______.
A. as, him
B. that, x
C. as, x
D. whom, him (Key：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C)
三、定语从句的相关知识
1.只用that的情况：①先行词被形容词最高级所修饰，先行词被序数词修饰，先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等不定代词修饰；②先行词是all, much, little, none, few, one of 等不定代词；③先行词既有人又有物时；④先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作表语时；⑤当主句中含有疑问词which时。
例如：①He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.
②The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
③Which are the books that you bought for me?
2.只用which的情况：①在非限定性定语从句中；②在关系词前有介词时；③当先行词本身是that时；④当关系词离先行词较远时。
3.whose能够指人或物，在从句中作定语。其结构为“先行词+whose +名词+其它”。
★whose + n. = the + n. of which = of which + the +n. 这三个结构在定语从句中我们认为是相同的，能够相互转换。如：
(1)There is a room, whose window faces the river.
→There is a room, the window of which faces the river.
→There is a room, of which the window faces the river.
(2)He wrote many stories, one of which I like very much.
4.as作关系代词，用法比较复杂。如在句首作引导词、在句中替代表示整句的先行词、引导无宾句、引导系表结构的句子等,常译成“关于这个点……”。在考试中比较常见的是与such, so, the same等连用的情况。如：
The books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.
★such/so…as…和such/so…that…结构不同。as引导定语从句，而that引导结果状语从句。
It is such a good book that I like it very much.
It is such a good book as I like very much.
★the same…that…与the same…as…意义不同。the same…that…就是指同一个，而the same…as…指相似的另一个。如：
This is the same book that I once lost. 这就是我以前丢失的那本书。（指同一本书）
This is the same book as I once lost. 这和我以前丢失的书是一样的。（并不一定是同一本）
5.关系副词
（1）在定语从句中充当状语，指地点用where, 指时间用when, 指原因用why。同时关系副词都能够换成“介词+which”结构。这里要强调的是并不是“介词+which”都能换成关系副词。如果不是表时间、地点、原因时就不能换。如：
①I didn’t go to the place where/ at which he had once stayed.
②He doesn’t eat the apple from which delicious taste can be felt.
第①句中where能够换成at which，指地点，但第②句中的from which就不能，因为先行词是物，不表示时间、地点或原因。
（2）当先行词是way, day, reason, time时，关系词能够用that或省略。
I don’t like the way that/in which/x he talks. (这里that, in which, x 三种表达都可接受)
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
6.定语从句的一致问题。定语从句的谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。但是当先行词被the only, the very ,just the one等修饰，表示“唯一”时，从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
He is one of the best students who are good at English. (从句的主语是students)
He is the only one of the best students who is good at English. (从句的主语是one)
7.定语从句与强调句的区别：简单地说，强调句去掉It is…that/who…这个框架后，将被强调的部分还原后意思完整。而定语从句中的that在从句中要充当相对应的成分。如：It is the hotel that we visited last year. （定语从句。that在从句中作宾语）
It is in the hotel that we stayed last night. (强调句，强调状语in the hotel。)
★在实际应用中，我们经常能够这样做：有介词的是强调句，用that, 没有介词的是定语从句。
8.定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句的关系词在从句中作相对应的成分，而同位语从句的引导词不作任何成分，而且不能被省略，因为同位语从句是对先行词的解释说明，不是限定。如：
（1）Word came that their army was defeated. （同位语从句）
本句的原形是：Word that their army was defeated came.但为了句子平衡，所以写成上面的形式。
（2）We expressed to them our wish that was the same as theirs.(定语从句。that在从句中作主语，相当于our wish。)
9.几个特殊句型。
（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks.
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.
(2)Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?
Is this the place (that/which) we visited yesterday?
(3)He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
(4)It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
三、定语从句练习
1.Put the book _______it should be when you have finished reading it.
A. where
B. in which
C. at the place
D. the place where
2.It was about 600 years ago ______ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made.
A. that
B. until
C. before
D. when
3.Carol said the work would be done by October, _______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it
B. that
C. when
D. which
4.Then gentleman _____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
A. who
B. about whom
C. whom
D. with whom
5. The rich, for ______ money was not a problem, wanted to stay an expensive hotel.
A. their
B. his
C. whose
D. whom
6.The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, ______over 600 years old.
A. all of them
B. all of which
C. all of it
D. none of which
7.Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited three months ago?
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
8.I have many friends, _______ some are businessmen.
A. of them
B. from which
C. who of
D. of whom
9.----Why does she always ask you for help?
----There is no one else ____,is there?
A. who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn
https://www.360docs.net/doc/0515699805.html,st month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____ effects the people are still suffering.
A. that
B. whose
C. those
D. what
Key：1.A 2. A 3.D 4. B 5. D 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.B
英语语法---定语从句讲练
定语从句 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句的全部或部分内容。定语从句分限制性定语参加和非限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句与它修饰的先行词关系紧密，不可去掉，他们之间没有逗号。非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响句子的完整性，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。定语从句一般放在被修饰的词之后。由关系代词或关系副词引导。 1.关系词及其作用 2.只能使用关系代词that的几种情况 （1）当先行词是everything，anything，something，nothing，all，none, little, few等时。 Is there anything that you don’t need? 有没有你们不需要的东西？
（2）当先行词被every, any ,all,some, no, little,few, much等修饰时。 I want to watch all the movies that were acted by Zhou Xingchi. 我想看周星驰演的所以电影。 （3）当先行词被the only, the very 等修饰时。 This is the only book that I can find. 这是我能找到的唯一的一本书。 （4）当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful flower that I have ever seen.这是我见到过的最漂亮的花。 （5）当先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked about the peoples and the book that interested them. 他们谈论了让他们感兴趣的那些人和那本书。（6）当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which is the hotel that you like best. 你最喜欢哪家宾馆？ 3.只能使用关系代词which的几种情况 （1）引导非限制性定语从句时。 There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted. 刚下过一场大雨，这让农民很高兴。 （2）关系代词跟在介词后时 The house in which they are living was built 50 years ago. 他们现在居住的房子是50年前建的。 （3）先行词本身是that时 What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才天空一闪而过的是什么东西？ 4.定语从句的谓语动词 当关系词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一。（动词like 与先行词boys保持一致）He is the boy who comes from America. 他就是来自美国的那个男孩。（动词comes与先行词boy保持一致） 定语从句关系代词顺口溜 关系代词有五个，听我逐一来说破； which表物，人用who； 人物都用that顾，which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know； who 作主语很称职，whom用到宾语里；
定语从句讲与练
定语从句讲与练 定语从句是整个高中阶段的重点语法项目。无论在书面表达还是在单项选择中定语从句经常出现。现将其用法讲解如下。 一、基本概念 所谓定语从句就是用一个句子来作定语。基本构成是“先行词+关系词+从句部分”。 这里有两点需要强调：1.从句部分中不能再出现“先行词”；2.关系词的使用与先行词相关，但主要是又从句的谓语动词来决定的。 (1)误：It is the thing that I am looking for it. 正：It is the thing that I am looking for. (2)I still remembered the day that I spent in the small village. I still remembered the day when I stayed at the small village. 上面两句中，一个用that,因为spent是及物动词，而另一句中用when,因为stayed是不及物动词。 二、关系词的判定 关系词能够分成两类：关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose, as）和关系副词(when, where, why)。按照定语从句的要求：先行词在从句中充当某种成分，所以我们在判定关系词时能够这样做：如果先行词在从句中作主语、宾语、标语等则考虑关系代词；如果先行词在从句中作状语则用关系副词（或介词+which）。特别是在充当宾语时，我们要注意从句的谓语动词，是及物动词的用关系代词，是不及物动词的用关系副词。如： 1.Do you still remember the chicken farm _______ we visited three months age? A. where B. when C. that D. what 2.I have many friends, ______ some are businessmen.. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 3.A terrible earthquake happened in that district at the end of 2004, ______ many countries in the world paid close attention to this. A. where B. when C. which D. what 4.He is such a lazy man _______ nobody wants to work with _______. A. as, him B. that, x C. as, x D. whom, him (Key：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C) 三、定语从句的相关知识 1.只用that的情况：①先行词被形容词最高级所修饰，先行词被序数词修饰，先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等不定代词修饰；②先行词是all, much, little, none, few, one of 等不定代词；③先行词既有人又有物时；④先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作表语时；⑤当主句中含有疑问词which时。 例如：①He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus. ②The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago. ③Which are the books that you bought for me? 2.只用which的情况：①在非限定性定语从句中；②在关系词前有介词时；③当先行词本身是that时；④当关系词离先行词较远时。 3.whose能够指人或物，在从句中作定语。其结构为“先行词+whose +名词+其它”。 ★whose + n. = the + n. of which = of which + the +n. 这三个结构在定语从句中我们认为是相同的，能够相互转换。如：
定语从句专项讲解与练习-(1)
定语从句专项讲解与练习 定语从句的定义：从句作定语，修饰名词、代词，这样的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语放在先行词的前面。 如果要表达:我喜欢那个漂亮的女孩。I love the pretty girl. 如果要表达：那个喜欢我的女孩。只能借助于定语从句the girl who loves me. 其中the girl即为定语从句的先行词，而who即为定语从句的关系词。 指人：who、whom 关系代词指物：which、as （作主宾表）指人和物:that,whose 关系词表时间：when 关系副词表地点：where （作状）表原因：why 1、who 指人，who在从句中当主语。 He who has not reached the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 The teacher ___________spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ ?作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。 2、whom 指人，是who的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语，前面没有介词时，可用who/that来代替，也可省略。The girl ___________________ I like isn’t here now. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ The doctor with ________________she went to the United States last month is very famous. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ The person ___________________ you met yesterday is our Chinese teacher. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ 3、whose 指“谁的”，或“某物的”，在从句中作修饰词。 whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。 The girl ___________father is a doctor is our classmate. You’re the only one ____________ advice he might listen to. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ I’d like a room _______________window looks out over the sea. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ 4、that 在从句中作主语或宾语，既可以指人又可以指物；作宾语时可以省略。 She is the very person (that) I want to see at once. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ A plane is a machine_____________ can fly. 中文意思：____________________________________________________________________
定语从句讲解练习
小荷教育2015 定语从句、宾语从句讲解练习 定语从句 (1)在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的是关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose) 和关系副词（when, where, why） eg: I like Eg. I like music (that/which) has great lyrics. I like music (that/ which) I can sing along with. I prefer musicians (who/that) play different kinds of music. The doctor (that/who/whom)you are looking for is in the room. The boy whose father is an engineer is my classmate. (3)运用关系词时的应注意: ①介词提前，关系代词只能用which 或whom，而不能用who 或that. eg: This is the boy behind whom I sit. ②当主句时who或which 开头的特殊疑问句式，关系代词只能用that. eg：Who is the boy that is playing football? ③当先行词式all，little，much，none，nothing，everything，anything等代词时，关系代词只能用that eg: Is there anything (that) you don’t understand? ④当先行词被only，all，any，no等修饰时，关系代词只能用that eg：All the books that were written by Lu Xun.
定语从句讲与练教学案
定语从句讲与练 一、定语的概念： 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。比如：(先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) a beautiful girl （）three boys （） a shoe factory （） Jim’s father ( ) our teacher ( ) the man in the car （） the man standing at the door（） the man who is talking with Sam （）二、定语从句的概念及主要特征： 1．定语从句：修饰某______或_______的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫_______；定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词________；引导定语从句的词叫________。 请划出下列句子中的定语从句、先行词及关系代词： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. I like those books whose topics are about history. 2. 定语从句的主要特征： （1）先行词要在从句中充当一定的成分； （2）what永远不能引导定语从句； （3）翻译时先译从句，翻译成“…….的”，请翻译： The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 3.用定语从句合并两个句子 1.Mr. Smith is a teacher. He is very strict. 2.The girl is called Mary. I saw her yesterday. 3.There are two other sharks. They are fierce. 4.This is the factory. I visited it last year. 5.This is the most exciting moment. I will never forget it. 6.I have found such books. They are beneficial to us. 7.I bought the same dress. You wore the dress yesterday. 8.He is such a kind teacher. We all like him. 9.The house is Tom’s. Its door faces south. 10.The house is Tom’s. The door of the house faces south. 总结：“先行词==关系词==定语从句中所缺成分” 三、定语从句的基本用法： 略
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解 一．基本介绍 ?功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 ?位置：被修饰词之后 ?先行词：被定语从句修饰的词 ?关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。 ?确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。 二．特殊用法
1.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels______filled his bus. 2.The village is no longer the one ___it was five years ago. 5.Such books____you bought are useful. 2
3.Which are the books____you bought for me? 6.____ is known,the earth is round. 4.There is a room,_____window faces the river. 7.There is lots of air in loose snow,_____can keep the cold out. 3
高中定语从句练习（整理） 1. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the factory. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 2. We are going to spend this Spring Festival in Beijing, _____ live our grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 3. There are many areas in the world _____ lack experienced doctors. A. where B. in which C. which D. what 4. The years and months _____ we spent together are really wonderful to us all. A. when B. on which C. in which D. that 5. _____ has been described above, it is a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled. A. It B. As C. That D. Which 6. A. who’s B. which C. whose 7. Susan is not the brilliant writer _____ she used to be. D. this A. which B. that C. who D. whom 8. I, who _____ your friend, will try my best to help you. A. be B. am C. are D. is 9. The size of the audience, _____ we had expected, was well over 1600. A. as B. that C. which D. who 10. They have started an investigation, _____ are being kept secret. A. whose detail B. whose the details C. the details of which D. the detail of it 11. Have you ever asked him the reason _____ may explain his absence? A. why B. for which C. which D. what 12. There were two rooms in the beach house, _____ served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of them B. the smallest of which C. the smaller of which D. smallest of which 13. He imagined various ways _____ he could teach her how to learn English well. A. / B. that C. in which D. A , B & C 14. The speed _____ light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe. A. in which B. by which C. at which D. from which 15. Can you think out a situation _____ this idiom can be used? A. in which B. that C. where D. A & C 16. China has hundreds of islands, _____ is Taiwan. A. in which the largest B. its largest of which C. of which the largest D. which the largest 17. We ate in a luxurious restaurant but it wasn’t such a good dinner _____ she had promised us.
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
定语从句精讲精练
定语从句精讲精练 一?定语从句及相关术语 1?定语从句：修饰一个_______ 或_______的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2?关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有_____________ 和________________ 。关系代词有_____ ___________________ 等； 关系副词有__________________________________ 等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 三限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 (1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only pers on that I could depe nd on. 非限制性定语从句举例： (1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 考点分析： 一限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况(1) Have you take n dow n everyth ing _______ Mr. Li has said? (2) _____ that can be done has bee n done. (3) The first place _________ t hey visited in London was the Big Ben. (4) This is the best film ______ I have see n. (5) This is the very dictio nary _________ I want to buy. (6) Who is the man ________ i s sta nding there? (7) Can you remember the scie ntist and his theory _________ we have lear ned? 1 .当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除夕卜),few, all, none, little, some 等代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时，如1,2 2. 当先行词被 ___________ 修饰，如3 3. 当先行词被 _____________ 修饰时,如4 4. 当形容词被 _____ , the only修饰时，如5 5. 当先行词前面有 ________ , which等疑问代词时，如6 6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时，如7 二定语从句只用which的情况 1The room in ______ I study is very cool in summer. 2He bought the book yesterday, ________ he enjoyed very much. 3He stole some mon ey, ________ made his father an gry. 4What' s that _________ w as put in the box? 5Let me show you the no vel that I borrowed from the library _________ was n ewly ope n to us. 1 ________ 在关系代词前，只用which 2. ______ 中，做主语和宾语只用which 3. 代替前面的话，翻译为这一点，这件事”。只能用which 4. _______________ 先行词为, those时，只用which 5. _______________________________ 有两个定语从句时，前面用，后面用，避免重复 三介词+关系代词 “ of + which/whom可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。 1. In the dark street, there wasn ' t a single person ______________ s he could turn for help. 关系代词前介词的确定 1 Is that the n ewspaper __________ you ofte n write articles? 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系， 2. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms ___________ I ' m sure. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： 3. 1949 was the year _______ the P.R.C. was fou nded. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯， 4. There are 50 stude nts in our class, two- thirds of _________ h ave bee n to Beiji ng. 非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用数词/代词+ of +关系代词”的结构，如: 5. They live in a house, whose door ope ns to the south. They lived in a house, __________ the door ope ns to the south. They lived in a house, the door _____________ ope n to the south.
定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)
定语从句讲解与练习 一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 二．特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 2. 关联词： 1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。 2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。 关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。 三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分 四．关系代词的用法： 1. that 和which that指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。 Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday? The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. 注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that) 2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句： 1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用that This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard. 2）先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用that The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”. 3）先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。It is the only word (that) I know in the passage. Where is the very book (that) I bought just now? This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost. 4）先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few 等不定代词时，定语从句只能用that I want everything (that) I want. I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week. 5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have. 6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.
定语从句讲练
限制性定语从句 一.关系代词 关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况. 1．当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时. Tell me everything that you know. 2．当先行词被very, both, the only, all, every, no any, little, much, some修饰时. This is the only coat that I have. 3．当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时. This is the most beautiful city that I visited. 4. 当先行词被序数词修饰时. This is the first lesson that we have this term. 5.当先行词既包括人又包括物时. He hasn’t sent us the workers and equipment that we need. 6.当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时. Which is the coat that you like best? 7.当先行词在句中作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was. 【拓展延伸】1）由“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，能作此用法的关系代词主要是which，其次是whom. 即：prep + whom/which 该结构中的whom代指前面提到的人，which代指前面提到的事物。例如： I don’t know the old woman to whom I gave the umbrella yesterday. 我不认识我昨天送给雨伞的那位老人 在限制性定语从句中，如果含有作地点状语的in/on/at which结构，该结构中的介词也可以移到句末；这时关系代词that, which在口语和非正式文体中经常省略例如： This is the factory which/that I once worked in. This is the hotel (which/that) they are staying at. 2）关系副词引导的定语从句. 1.关系副词when, why, where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间,地点,原因的先行词,并分别在从句中作时间,地点,原因状语.另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系,转换成”介词+关系代词”的结构如下: He came at a time when (=at which) we needed help.
定语从句讲解与练习
定语从句讲解与练习 在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句. 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, which, that, 关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.(作宾语时可省略，放在介词后不可省。) 一.由who, 引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语), 修饰表示人的先行词. 例如: This is t he man who helped me. Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ? The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother. 二.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词, 作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. The letter (that//which) I received was from my father. I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning. Do you still remember the days (that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me. The house (that//which) we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large. The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room. 三. which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语, 修饰表示物的先行词. 先行词可以是词、短语、句子。 This is the book (which/that ) you want. The building which//that stands near the river is our school. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略) The house (which/that) we live in is not large. This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for. (在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后,不能放在which之前) 四、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 1.但是下列情况只能用that. ①.先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等. All (that) you have to do is to practise every day. There isn’t much (that) I can do. ②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时. The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.