状语从句语法口诀

英语语法口诀

第一部分定语从句

1.定语从句概述

a)定语从句起定语修饰作用，分为限定性和非限定性两种，非限定性通常有逗

号验证

I have plenty of friends who are from foreign countries.

I have plenty of friends, some of whom are from foreign countries.

b)先行词，关系词，定语从句，如此一线性

The man that instructed me is a famous expert.

c)关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词作主宾表定，关系副词作状

语才行：关系词三大作用：1.代替先行词；2.引导从句；3.在从句中充当成分The murder was caught alive in the house where he killed three women.

2.三步法选关系词

a)首先找出先行词，带入从句看成分是其次，（主表宾定不合适，状语必然是，

用关系副词）再由先行词及其成分定关系词

I will never forget the day when I met the president.

3.关系代词的选用

a)人用that whom who。

b)which that 用于物

c)that 真是个人物，既充人又充物；既当宾又当主

d)whom 只做宾，which that who 既宾又主

e)whose 作定语（=名词+of which），不分人或物

The tall house whose windows face the south is my office.

4.关系副词的选用

a)先行词the time，需用关系副词时，用when 才可以

若关系词在从句中充当状语，则关系词应用when，the time +when（=on which）I will never forget the days when I lived with you happily.

I will never forget the days which I spent learning English .

b)先行词the place，需用关系副词时，where来效力

若关系词在从句中充当状语。则关系词应用where，the place+where（=in which）

c)先行词the reason，需用关系副词时，why有用武之地

若关系词在从句中充当状语，则关系词应用why，the reason +why（=for which）d)When where why都可用“相应介词+which”来代替

Why=for which; where=on/in/at which; when=on/in/at which

5.某个关系词不能使用的情形和关系词的省略

a)介词后不用that，who，而用which，whom

引导定从的关系词如果在介词后作介词宾语，则关系词不能用that和who

The train on which she was traveling was late.

Who is the girl to whom you speak?

b)逗号后that资格不够

c)限定性定从中关系词作宾或表，可去可留.注：在非限定性定语从句中，关系

词一般不能省略。

6.定语从句中的特殊情况

a)插入语，先拿走，句子成分方可求

I married Bright, who I believed as an honest man.

I married Bright, whom I believed to be an honest man.

b)先行词没有，the one/ones加前头

当被定从休息的先行词没有出现时，可以用the one或ones充当先行词。Is this problem the one you have thought of for ten years?

c)先行词是one of+名词复数，定从谓复, 先行词是the only one of +名词复

数，定从谓单

He is one of my friends who help me overcome difficulties.

He is the only one of my friends who helps me overcome difficulties.

7.关系词as 和which的用法

a)As, which 引导非限制性定从，说明整个主句

b)As引导的从句与主句是一致关系

c)Which引导的从句与主句多是因果关系

d)As在句子中的位置随你意，which用于句首不可以

e)As充当主宾状，既充人又充物

f)The same。。。as；such。。。as搭配要牢记

8.特殊情况关系词的选用

a)1先行词是不定代词、数词、序数词、最高级，或被它们来修饰;2 only，very，

no，little，few;3 有人又有物；4先行词在主句中作表语的结构；5或关系

词在充剧中作标语的结构；上列情况每一种，关系词that抢占风头，which 稍逊一筹

b)1先行词是one，ones，anyone，those指人时;2 there be中修饰主语的定

从，宜用who，不用that充

Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished.

There`s a fat man who wants to fight with you.

c)（口语中）关系副词可用that代替，也可省去

Every time that he takes part in the exam, he feels nervous.

d)先行词是the way，用that，in which或省去

No one liked the way that/in which the teacher ordered us.

9.其它

a)What(=all that)不能充当定语从句关系词

All that he said excited us.

b)并列连词and，but，or，so一出席，此句往往与定语从句无关系

My mother bought lots of books, but they are useless.

c)But也可以引导定从作主语，带有否定意义

There was not a single person there but(=who didn`t think) thought you were fit for the job.

d)先行词由关系词代替，它的其它形式要在定从中回避---否则会重复

Lei Feng is a man that we should all learn from him.此句话错误，从句中不应出现him，应将其去掉。

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初中英语语法专题讲座——状语从句状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before，as long as（长达……之久）条件 If, unless,as/so long as(只要) 原因 As, because, since，as/so long as(既然,因为) 地点 Where 目的 So that(为了), in order that 结果 So that（方便）, so…that,such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较than, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 They all continued their regard for me as long as they lived. 他们毕生都在关心着我. 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。目的状语从句： Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，（为了）你可以开始另一个。结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。

英语语法之时间状语从句

时间状语从句常由以下连接词引导：when（当……时），as（一边……一边；当…时），while（在……期间），after（在……之后），before（在……之前），as soon as（一……就），since（自从），till(until)（直到……，直到……才），whenever（任何时候），the moment（一……就），no sooner than（一……就），hardly…when… （一……就）等。由以上连接词（或词组）连接的主从复合句中，主句和从句的动作，有的是同时发生，有的是先后发生。因此，要特别注意根据连接词所代表的时间不同，主句和从句的谓语要使用相应的时态。这是掌握时间状语从句的关键。 1. when 和whenever 引导的从句：从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。例如： When we reached home, it was already dark. 我们到家的时候天已经黑了。 When my cousin came yesterday, I was playing volleyball. 昨天我表哥来时，我正在打排球。 When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的时候，我坐车去学校。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。（主从句都表示将来发生的动作，但要注意从句中要用一般现在时，表示将来。） Come to see us whenever you can.你什么时候有空，就过来看看我们。 2. while 和as 引导的从句：while表示“当…过程中”，强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同时发生。as表示“当…时”或 “一边…一边”，主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如： Work while you work; play while you play. 该工作的时候就工作，该玩的时候就玩。 While he is reading, he always makes notes. 他经常一面看书，一面做笔记。 She sings as she goes along.她边走边唱。 You will grow wiser as you grow older. 随着年龄的增长，你会更加聪明起来。 3. before 和after 引导的从句：前者一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。后者表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。例如： I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。 I had written my report before my mother came back.

语法知识—状语从句的解析含答案

一、选择题 1．—If it________tomorrow, I’ll go fishing. — May I go along with you? A．didn’t rain B．won’t rain C．doesn’t rain 2．—the water was cold , Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others. A．Although B．When C．If D．Because 3．Jenny often eats a lot of fruit and vegetables_______she knows they are good for health. A．because B．but C．or 4．Although he _______up very early this morning, _______he was still late for school. A．get ; and B．got;/ C．gets ;so D．got ; but 5．I still have difficulty ________the article________ there are few new words in it. A．to understand; because B．understand ; though C．understanding ; if D．understanding ; though 6．I couldn’t avoid making _______noise, _______I tried my best. A．so much; although B．so many; although C．so much; so that D．so many; so that 7．—Do you know________the meeting will last? —________the agreement is reached. A．how long; Not until B．when; Not until C．how long; Until D．when; Until 8．The little girl is crying，she can’t fin d her parents. A．and B．but C．so D．because 9．I can’t understand that the woman often complains_______she has got a well-paid job and a happy family. A．whenever B．since C．until D．though 10．--- What was the party like? --- Wonderful. It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. A．since B．after C．when D．before 11．—Has Jim known the good news? —Not yet. I will tell him about it ________ he comes back. A．while B．until C．as soon as D．since 12．All of us don't like this game, ____ it's too boring. A．and B．so C．because 13．—Mom, I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. —That’s nice. You’d better ring me up________you get there. A．as soon as B．until C．while 14．There are fewer and fewer tigers in India. The situation will continue _______ humans stop hunting them for their fur and bones.

初中英语语法状语从句-精华版

状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： When while as 的区别It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along（沿着走）the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off（从下来）until the bus stops. 【。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的，】 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.