中考宾语从句专题复习教案

2019年中考英语宾语从句专题复习

复习目标：

1.掌握宾语从句的语序、时态和连接词；

2.能够在中考题型如单选题、完形填空和选词填空中运用宾语从句的语法知

识正确解题；

一、宾语从句概念

〖回顾句子成分〗：主语、谓语、宾语

1、主语

主语是一个句子的主题，表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。如：He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。

2、谓语

谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。

We study English. 我们学习英语。

3、宾语

宾语表示动作行为的对象，是动作的承受者或结果，跟在及物动词之后。能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。

We like English.我们喜欢英语。

〖新课〗什么是宾语从句？所谓宾语从句，就是句子的宾语部分不是一个简单的词，而是一个句子，比如：I know you're right. 这里的“you're right”做宾语，是句子，所以说它是一个宾语从句，句子的主干部分"I know"是主句。

二、宾语从句的语序：

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即：连接词+主语（+谓语）

例如：I don't know who he is. 请注意：这里的he is是“主+谓”结构，不倒装。而大部分考题中会给出干扰选项who is he（倒装，错误）.

三、宾语从句的时态

〖宾语从句中的时态运用〗

请看例句：

1.主句是一般现在时

She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上

班。（从句是一般现在时）

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）

She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时）

结论1：

如果主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据其本身的时间状语与或实际情况来决定。

2.主句是一般过去时

当主句谓语是过去时态，从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如：

He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时）

He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。（从句是过去将来时）

He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时）

结论2:

如果主句是一般过去时，从句就要根据其时间状语而改用相应的过去时态。

3.从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，格言等内容。

1).Our teacher told us (that) the earth moves round the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。

2).He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光传播比声音传播快得多。

3）My mother told me(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.

我妈妈告诉我世上无难事只怕有心人。

结论3：从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，格言等，从句总是用一般现在时。

四、宾语从句的连接词：

1.宾语从句部分是陈述句的时候，用that引导，that大部分情况可以被省略。如：I know (that) he is a good student.

2.宾语从句部分是一般疑问句的时候，用if或whether（均译成--是否）引导。如：“我想知道他的答案是正确的么”，从句部分Is his answer right?这时用作宾语从句，需要先改为陈述句his answer is right,并在前边加上if或whether，

即：I want to know if/whether his answer is right.

※If和whether的用法区别:

2.不定式前○

3.与or连用

1.介词后○

以下情况只能用whether不能用if:○

（whether or not ）（中考不考察，可选讲）

3.宾语从句部分是特殊疑问句的时候，直接用连接代词（what、 which、 who、whose ）或连接副词（when、 where、 how 、why ）

（简单句中特殊疑问句的疑问词)引导，但一定注意将特殊疑问句的“谓+主”还原成为“主+谓”。

如：“我想知道我们几点走”，从句部分When will we go?这时用作宾语从句，首先改为陈述句语序when we will go，然后连接在主句后，即：I want to know when we will go.

【知识总结--升华】

如果我们把宾语从句的以下三个考点掌握清楚的话，做关于宾语从句这方面的问题就会迎刃而解！

1.时态

1）如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，该用什么时态就用什么时态

2）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态

3）如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时

2.语序：连接词+主语（+谓语），即宾语从句的语序是陈述语序

3.连接词：

1)从句部分为陈述句时，用that引导，that大部分情况可省略

2)从句部分是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导

3)从句部分是特殊疑问句时，直接用连接词（疑问词)引导

五、宾语从句的标点符号.（此内容中考不作要求）

宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号；如果主句是疑

问句,句尾用问号.

单项选择（宾语从句专项习题分析）

1.Have you decided ________for Australia?

A.when will you leave

B. when do you leave

C. you will leave when

D. when you will leave

2.Can you tell me _________ ?

A.where does Tom live

B. where Tom lived

C. Tom lives where

D. where Tom lives

3.The old man asked me ________ .

A. where was the cinema

B. where is the cinema

C. where the cinema was

D. where was the way to the cinema

4.I think _______ you will like him.

A. that

B. if

C. why

D. how

5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.

A. that

B. whether

C. weather

D. how

6.I wonder _________ .

A. how much cost these shoes

B. how much do these shoes cost

C. how much these shoes cost

D. how much are these shoes cost

7.She asked me _________ .

A. who he was

B. who was he

C. who is he

D. who he is

8.Ask him ___.

A. whose cup this is

B. whose cup is this

C. this is whose cup

D. whose is this cup

9.I don?t know _________ .

A.what time the movie starts

B. what time starts the movie

C. the time to start the movie

D. the movie what time starts

10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .

A. was I ill

B. have I been ill

C. I have been ill

D. I had been ill

11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.

A. if it rains tomorrow

B. if does it rain tomorrow

C. if it will rain tomorrow

D. if will it rain tomorrow

12.Do you know _________?

A. whose pen is this

B. whose pen this is

C. whom does the pen belong to

D. whom the pen belong to

13.Could you tell me where _________?

A. the tape was

B. was the tape

C. the tape is

D. is the tape

14.They want to know _________?

A.where is the hospital

B. how old are you

C. when the train will leave

D. why is the boy crying

15.Tony wanted to know _________.

A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking

B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking

C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking

D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking

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