su简单中文使用手册范本

CWP软件的安装与简单使用手册

CWP软件的安装

一．在LINUX下建立用户CWP，在CWP下建立目录path，将源文件cwp.su.all.37.tar.Z 放

二．到path目录下，并建立bin文件夹

三．在CWP用户主目录下显示隐藏文件，修改.bash_profile 文件，在已有的export之后另起一行，分别添加

export CWPROOT=/home/CWP/path，再于

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin后添加

：/home/CWP/path/bin:/home/CWP

退出保存

四．从终端中分别输入

cd path

zcat cwp.su.all.37.tar.Z | tar –xvf-

…

待终端中反映完毕，分别输入

cd src

make install

make xtinstall

make mglinstall

make utils

make xminstall

make sfinstall

这期间可能有系统安装所等待的时间，不用急，但凡遇到yes/no，一路y下来即可。四．为了检查是否安装完毕，在终端中输入

Suplane > data.su

Suxwigb < data.su &

若出现一个简单的图像，则成功！

CWP软件的简单说明

一、文中涉及的命令全部以小写形式，均可在终端窗口下输入，以次获取自述帮助。先说几个命令：suplane和suxwigb，more。

suplane作用是产生一个简单的零偏移距su文件，suxwigb是一个典型的X—windows 绘制图形工具，如例子：

suplane > data.su

suxwigb < data.su

more < data.su

比较全面的了解它们，请在终端中输入suplane , suxwigb ,more 。

二、关于DEMOS的应用所有DEMOS必须把文件拷到用户根目录下，而后依照readme 文件中的执行顺序，在终端中输入文件名。注意目录下的文件变动。

三、在执行DEMOS文件时，如果想清楚了解程序执行过程，请输入

more programname

由于水平有限，这里的谬误很多，希望大家能在偶尔翻看时，多多留心，发现并改正，衷心希望能和大家一起学习。

第一节两种数据的转换

在CWP应用中免不了和两种数据打交道，su和segy格式。它们有联系也有区别。

一．数据的输入输出

1 读写编辑数据

常用命令如下：

segyread---read an SEG-Y tape

segywite---write an SEG-Y tape

segyclean—zeor out unsigned portion（部分） of header

suaddhead---put headers on bare traces and set the track and ns fields sustrip—remove the SEGYheaders from the traces

supaste---paste existing(现存的) SEGY headers on existing data

segyhdrs—make segyascii and innards(部) headers for segywrite bhedtopar, setbhed---editing the binary header file

surange---get max and min values for non-zero header entries

suchw---change header word using one or two header word fields

sugethw---get the header words in su data

suedit---examine segy diskfiles and edit headers

suxedit---examine segy diskfiles and edit headers

2 常规的数据转换命令

a2b—convert ascii floats to binary

b2a---convert binary floats to ascii

ftnstrip---convert fortran floats to c-systels floats

recast---recast data type (convert from one data type to another)

h2b—convert 8 bit hexadecimal floats to binary

transp—transpose an n1 by n2 element matrix

二．SEGY与SU的转换

SEGY文件格式由三部分组成，镜象头文件，十进制头文件和实际的地震记录，而SU格式的文件只含有其第三部分。命令segyread可以实现两种格式的转换，使用如下：在“big-endian”平台上，

Segyread tape=/dev/rmt0 verbose=1 endian=1 >data.su

或者更常用一点的

Segyread tape=/dev/rmt0 verbose=1 endian=1 | segyclean > data.su

命令行中斜线部分是SEGY磁带的位置（或者是磁盘文件的位置），其它应用看自述文档。

三．典型命令的使用

如下命令行输入，注意主目录中文件的变化和终端中的屏幕输出。

1．

suplane > data.su

suxwigb < data.su &

segyhdrs < data.su

bhedtopar < binary outpar=binary.par

setbhed bfile=binary par=binary.par [parameter1=value paramenter2=value……] segywrite

b2a < data.binary n1=5 > data.ascii

a2b data.binary

transp < data.binary n1=5 >data.trnsp

2．Su数据简单操作

suplane >data.su

sustrip < data.su head=data.headers > data.bin

suaddhead data.su

supaste < data.bin ns=1024 head=data.headers >data.su

surange < data.su

suplane | surange

sugethw < data.su key=tracl,tracr.offset,dt,ns | more

suplane |sugethw key=tracl,tracr,offset,dt ns output=binary > file.bin

more file.bin

sushw < data.su key=sx a=6400 c=-100 j=5 > data.new.su

suplane |sushw key=sx a=6400 c=-100 j=5 | sugethw key=sx | more

suplane | sushw key=offset a=200 b=200 j=5 | sugethw key=offset | more

suplane | sushw key=dt,sx ,offset,a=2000,6400,200 b=0,0,200 c=0,-100,0j=0,5,5 | sugethw key=dt,sx,offset | more

suedit data.su

第二节 CWP中图形打印显示工具

一．X-WINDOWS下的图形打印

1．浮点数据绘图

常用的命令有

xcontour—x contour plot of f(x1,x2) via vector plot call

ximage---x imgae plot of a uniformly-sampled function f(x1,x2)

xwigb---x wiggle-trace plot of f(x1,x2) via bitmap

xgraph---x grapher graphs n[i] pairs of (x,y) coordinates

xmovie ---image one or more frames of a uniformly sampled function f(x1,x2) 相应的，在SU平台上有以下程序

suxcontour

suximage

suxwigb

suxgraph

suxmovie

suxmax

例子：

suplane | suxcontour title=”contuour” &

suplane | suximgae title=”image” &

suplane | suxwigb title=”wigb” &

suplane | suxgraph title=”graph” &

suplane | suxmovie title=”movie” &

suplane | suxmax tilte=”max” &

suplane | junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=20 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=15 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=10 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=5 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=3 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=2 >>junk1.su

suplane | suaddnoise sn=1 >>junk1.su

suxmovie < junk1.su n2=32 title=”frame=%g” loop=1 &

2．PS 下的图形打印

pscontour

psimage

pswigb

psgraph

psmovie

pscube

pswigp

在SU平台上相应的程序有：

supscontour

supsimage

supswigb

supsgraph

supsmovie

supscube

supswigp

例子：

suplane > junk.su

supscontour data1.eps &

supsimage data2.eps &

supswigb data3.eps &

supsgraph data4.eps &

supsmovie data5.eps &

supscube data6.eps &

supswigp data7.eps &

运行以上程序之后，进入主目录，在所生成的*.eps文件上点击右键，打开方式选择ggv，查看图像。

第三节常见处理

以下几乎每部分都有CWP自带的DEMOS，参见$CWPROOT/path/src/demos目录。对于一

般的情况来说，DEMOS的文件执行具有一定的顺序性。

一．动校正

这一部分有两个命令，sunmo和suvelan。使用分别如下：

SUNMO - NMO for an arbitrary velocity function of time and CDP

命令格式为

sunmo stdout [optional parameters] 可选参数：

tnmo=0 相应于NMO中速度的NMO时间

vnmo=2000 相应于NMO中时间的NMO速度

anis1=0 产生四次节点的两各向异性系数

anis2=0 时距曲线中，相应于tnmo的时间

cdp= 由tnmo和vnmo定义的CDP

smute=1.5 samples with NMO stretch exceeding smute are zeroed

lmute=25 length (in samples) of linear ramp for stretch mute

sscale=1 =1 to divide output samples by NMO stretch factor

invert=0 =1 to perform (approximate) inverse NMO

ixoffset=0 do not consider cross-line offset

=1 read cross-line offset from trace header

upward=0 =1 to scan upward to find first sample to kill

注意:在处理常速度反射层时，vnmo取单一常数就可以了；在处理多层变速度反射层时，tnmo

和vnmo总是成对出现,且数据为相对应的数组,如”tnmo=1,2… vnmo=1500,2000…”。

关于NMO的DEMO，进入$CWPROOT/path/src/demos/NMO，操作如下：

1．拷贝NMO下的所有文件到主目录下

2．依次输入 xmodel－make data－xdata－xvclaity－xnmo－clean－xall；

3．依次输入 psmodel－make data－psdata－psvclaity－psnmo－clean－psall。

请注意：在源码中可能有错误，执行之中有些容无法实现。

二．叠加

有以下命令：sustack、sudivstack，说明如下:

SUSTACK - stack adjacent traces having the same key header word

sustack stdout [Optional parameters]

Required parameters:

none

Optional parameters:

key=cdp header key word to stack on

normpow=1.0 each sample is divided by the

normpow'th number of non-zero values

stacked (normpow=0 selects no division)

verbose=0 verbose = 1 echos information

SUDIVSTACK - Diversity Stacking using either average power or peak

power within windows Required parameters:

None

Optional parameters:

key=tracf key header word to stack on

winlen=0.064 window length in seconds.

typical choices: 0.064, 0.128, 0.256,

0.512, 1.024, 2.048, 4.096

if not specified the entire trace is used

peak=1 peak power option default is average power

examples：

For duplicate field shot records:

susort < field.data tracf | sudivstack > stack.data

For CDP ordered data:

sudivstack < cdp.data key=cdp > stack.data

关于DEMOS，进入$CWPROOT/path/src/demos/Stacking?Phase_Weighted_Stacking，输入

supws文件，观察主目录下的文件变更情况。

三．抽道集

常用命令，susort，使用说明：

SUSORT - sort on any segy header keywords

susort stdout [[+-]key1 [+-]key2 ...]

susort supports any number of (secondary) keys with either ascending(递升) (+, the

default) or descending (-) directions for each. The default sort key is cdp.

Note: Only the following types of input/output are supported

Disk input --> any output

Pipe input --> Disk output

Note: If the the CWP_TMPDIR environment variable is set use

its value for the path; else use tmpfile()

Example:

To sort traces by cdp gather and within each gather by offset with both sorts in ascending

order:

susort OUTDATA cdp offset

关于DEMOS，进入$CWPROOT/path/src/demos/sorting_trace/tutorial 输入Xsort，

PSsort文件即可。

由于以上三部分密不可分，特以速度分析一部分为例，

1、产生数据

nx=100 fx=0 dx=80

nz=110 fz=0 dz=50

unif2

v00=5000.0,6000.0,8000.0,10000.0,15000.0 |

ximage n1=$nz f1=$fz d1=$dz n2=$nx f2=$fx d2=$dx windowtitle="Model" \ legend=1 units="wavespeed" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF ybox=$HEIGHTOFF &

2、产生数据

REF1="0.0909091:-4.0,1.0;12.0,1.0"

REF2="0.1428570:-4.0,2.2;12.0,2.2"

REF3="0.1111110:-4.0,3.5;12.0,3.5"

REF4="0.2000000:-4.0,5.0;12.0,5.0"

fpeak=25.0 # should be half nyquist to avoid all spatial aliasing

dvdz=2.0 # velocity gradient (dv/dz)

dvdx=0.0 # velocity gradient (dv/dx)

v00=5.0 # P-wave velocity at surface in kft/s

ob=0 # to eliminate the turned ray contribution

nxo=64 fxo=0.1 dxo=0.1 # offset information: number, first, spacing nxs=12 fxs=1.4 dxs=-0.1 # shot information: number, first, spacing nt=501 dt=0.004 # time information: number, spacing

echo "Making synthetic data for demo"

susynlv v00=$v00 fpeak=$fpeak ndpfz=10 dvdz=$dvdz ob=$ob \

dt=$dt nt=$nt verbose=0 \

ref=$REF1 ref=$REF2 ref=$REF3 ref=$REF4 \

nxo=$nxo fxo=$fxo dxo=$dxo \

nxs=$nxs fxs=$fxs dxs=$dxs |

suchw key1=cdp key2=gx key3=sx b=1 c=1 d=2 |

suaddnoise sn=50 f1=4.0 f2=8.0 f3=20.0 f4=25.0 >modeldata 2、动校正

sunmo < modeldata cdp=1500,2000,2500,3000

tnmo=0,0.34,0.625,0.875,1.13 vnmo=5000,6000,7050,8410,10000

tnmo=0,0.335,0.630,0.875,1.1 vnmo=5000,6000,7180,8350,9760

tnmo=0,0.35,0.64,0.88,1.1 vnmo=5000,6000,7180,8380,9590

tnmo=0,0.64,0.88,1.1 vnmo=5000,7200,8440,9740 > nmodata &

3、NMO图

suwind

sugain tpow=2 gpow=0.5 |

suximage label1="Time" label2="Gather" \

title="Every 5th Shot Record After NMO" \

windowtitle="NMO" legend=1 units="amplitude" \

f2=1 d2=0.078125 f2num=1 d2num=5 \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF3 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF &

4、抽道集，叠加

susort

sustack normpow=1.0 >stackdata

5、抽道集，叠加绘图

sugain

suximage label1="Time" label2="CMP" title="Stack" windowtitle="Stack" \ f2=350 d2=50 legend=1 units="amplitude" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF4 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF &

四．反褶积

常用命令sufxdecon，说明：

SUFXDECON - random noise attenuation by FX-DECONvolution

sufxdecon stdout [Optional Parameters]

Required Parameters:

None

Optional Parameters:

taper=.1 length of taper

fmin=6. minimum frequency to process in Hz (accord to twlen)

fmax=.6/(2*dt) maximum frequency to process in Hz

twlen=entire trace time window length (minimum 300ms for lower freqs)

ntrw=10 number of traces in window

ntrf=4 number of traces for filter (smaller than ntrw)

verbose=0 =1 for diagnostic print

tmpdir= if non-empty, use the value as a directory path prefix

for storing temporary files; else, if the CWP_TMPDIR

environment variable is set, use its value for the path;

else use tmpfile()

关于DEMOS的使用，如下：

进入$CWPROOT/src/demos/……/wiener—levinson,拷贝所有文件到主目录下，在中断中输入make,依次输入XDecon1－ PSDecon1；XDecon2－PSDecon2；XDecon3－PSDecon3；XDecon4－PSDecon4；Xshape－PSshape。

例1、

1、产生数据

I=${CWPROOT}/include

L=${CWPROOT}/lib

make

./traces |

suaddhead ns=512 |

sushw key=dt a=4000 |

suaddnoise sn=200 |

suconv filter=1152,-384,-904,288,174,-34,-12 >modeldata

rm traces

2、显示模型

suxwigb

windowtitle="Data" \

label1="Time (sec)" label2="Trace" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF1 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF1 &

3、自相关

sugain

suacor nt=31 |

suxwigb title="Autocorrelation" \

windowtitle="AutoCorr" \

label1="Time (sec)" label2="Trace" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF2 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF1 &

4、脉冲化信号

supef

suxwigb label1="Time" label2="Trace" title="Spiking Decon: 4,40ms" \ windowtitle="Spike" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF3 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF1 &

5、脉冲化后的自相关

supef

sugain tpow=$tpow |

suacor nt=31 |

suxwigb title="Autocor after spike" \

windowtitle="AutoCorr/Spike" \

label1="Time (sec)" label2="Trace" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF1 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF2 &

6、追踪反射，反射注意反射层

supef

supef minlag=.05 maxlag=.16 |

suxwigb label1="Time" label2="Trace" \

title="PEF: 50,160ms (Note dipping reflector!)" \

windowtitle="PEF" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF2 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF2 &

7、带通滤波

supef

supef minlag=.05 maxlag=.16 |

sufilter f=5,15,80,100 |

suxwigb label1="Time" label2="Trace" title="Spike, PEF, BandPass" \ windowtitle="Final" \

wbox=$WIDTH hbox=$HEIGHT xbox=$WIDTHOFF3 ybox=$HEIGHTOFF2 &

例2、

1、数据

susynlv nt=201 dt=0.004 ft=0.0 nxo=1 \

nxs=100 dxs=.025 fxs=0.0 er=0 ob=0 \

v00=2.0 dvdz=0 dvdx=0 fpeak=30 smooth=1 \

ref="1:-1.,.1;7.,.5" \

ref="1:-1.,.5;7.,.2" \

ref="2:-1.,.5;7.,.9" |

sushw key=d2 a=.05 >susyn1.out

sufilter susyn1.flt

2、加噪声

suaddnoise < susyn1.out sn=8 f=4,8,100,125 amps=0,1,1,0 |

sufilter >susyn1.sn=4.flt

3、绘图

suxmovie

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

-geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF1}+${HEIGHTOFF1} \ title="Signal" perc=99.5 &

suxmovie

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

-geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF1}+${HEIGHTOFF2} \ title="Data" perc=99.5 &

5、反褶积

sufxdecon susyn1.sn=4.fx ntrw=100

suxmovie

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

-geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF2}+${HEIGHTOFF1} \ title="Fxdcn over Data" perc=99.5 &

sufxdecon susyn1.flt.fx ntrw=100

suxmovie

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

-geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF2}+${HEIGHTOFF2} \ title="Fxdcn over Signal" perc=99.5 &

7、绘图

suop2 susyn1.flt susyn1.flt.fx op=diff |

suxmovie \

n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ -geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF3}+${HEIGHTOFF1} \ title="Diff: signal - fx(signal)" perc=99.5 &

suop2 susyn1.flt susyn1.sn=4.fx op=diff |

suxmovie \

label1="Time [s]" label2="Trace #" d1num=.1 d2num=10 \ n1=201 n2=100 d1=.004 d2=1 f1=0 f2=1 clip=30. \

-geometry ${WIDTH}x${HEIGHT}+${WIDTHOFF3}+${HEIGHTOFF2} \ title="Diff: signal - fx(data)" perc=99.5 &

五．带通滤波

常用命令为subfilt，说明：

SUBFILT - apply Butterworth bandpass filter

subfilt stdout [optional parameters]

Required parameters:

if dt is not set in header, then dt is mandatory

Optional parameters: (nyquist calculated internally)

zerophase=1 =0 for minimum phase filter

locut=1 =0 for no low cut filter

hicut=1 =0 for no high cut filter

fstoplo=0.10*(nyq) freq(Hz) in low cut stop band astoplo=0.05 upper bound on amp at fstoplo fpasslo=0.15*(nyq) freq(Hz) in low cut pass band apasslo=0.95 lower bound on amp at fpasslo fpasshi=0.40*(nyq) freq(Hz) in high cut pass band apasshi=0.95 lower bound on amp at fpasshi fstophi=0.55*(nyq) freq(Hz) in high cut stop band astophi=0.05 upper bound on amp at fstophi verbose=0 =1 for filter design info

dt = (from header) time sampling interval (sec)

简单的举个例子，

Suplane > data.su

Subfilt < data.su > dataout

Subxwigb < data.su

Subxwigb < dataout

关于DEMOS的使用，如下：

进入目录，双击xbfilt1，xbfilt2.

六．偏移

常用的命令为sugazmig、sumigps、sumigpspi。使用说明如下：SUGAZMIG - SU version of Jeno GAZDAG's phase-shift migration

for zero-offset data.

sugazmig outfile vfile= [optional parameters]

Optional Parameters:

dt=from header(dt) or .004 time sampling interval dx=from header(d2) or 1.0 midpoint sampling interval ft=0.0 first time sample

ntau=nt(from data) number of migrated time samples

dtau=dt(from header) migrated time sampling interval

ftau=ft first migrated time sample