2014年12月四级翻译解析

2014年12月四级翻译解析
2014年12月四级翻译解析

1.越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣,这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加,可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反

而更为偏远的地方所吸引。有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近调查显示,很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的

文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。

2.大熊猫是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少,大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世

界自然基金会有着特殊的意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来,大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有

的成员,主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前,世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多

威胁。因此,确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。

3.中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的,2010年,中国约有

4.2亿网民,而且人数还在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使,用互联

网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网,因而更

广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等等。

4.假日经济的现象表明:中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据,中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时,中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。

因此产品结构应做相应调整,来适应社会的发展。另一方面,服务质量要改善,以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。

As an Alaskan fisherman. Timothy June, 54, used to think that he was safe from industrial pollutants

(污染物)at his home in Haines-a town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles, with 8 million acres of protected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a 36 of 35

Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in which people’s blood and urine

(尿)were tested for 37 of chemicals-in this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household 38 like face cream, tin cans, and shower curtains. The results- 39 in

November in a report called “Is It in Us?”

by an environmental group-were rather worrying. Every one of

the participants, 40 from an Illinois state senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested p ositive for

all three classes of pollutants. And while the 41 presence of these chemicals does not 42 indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all 43 June and his

fellow participants.

44 there. Ongoing study conducted by

Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that don’t

the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages. And

in 2005, the Environmental Working Group found an 45 of 200 chemicals in the blood of 10

Says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which

new-borns. “Our babies are being born pre-polluted,” 

cosponsored “Is It in Us?”“This is going to be the next big environmental issue after climate change.

A)analyses I)products

B)average J)ranging

C)belong K)released

D)demonstrated L)shocked

E)excess M)simple

F)extending N)survey

G)habitually O)traces

H)neccessarily

今天我跟大家讲两篇翻译,第一的主题是旅游,第二的主题是大熊猫,这两篇文章和我之前在课上所说的思路非

常像。大家注意我所说的翻译原则,一定是中文不要断句,中文多少个句号英语就多少个句号,中文的逗号在英

语当中一定要连在一起翻,就是连句。

我们来看第一句:越来越多中国年轻情人正对旅游产生兴趣,这是近年来的新趋势。

首先我们看一下逗号连接,我说过一个法则是一个句子看完再翻译。我们看整个句子看完以后我看到一个

“这”,这就是我课上所说的重复先行词。有时候是纯名词重复,有的时候是带介词重复。这个“这”指代的前面某一个词或者某一个句子,那我们的连接方式which is什么什么,这是新趋势。

我们找到逗号连接以后开始写主句,主句是年轻人对旅游产生兴趣。Chinese young people are getting interested

,正在对——这个地方强调正在进行

in traveling,那么这里越来越多的年轻人“More and more Chinese young people”

那就是they are getting interested。如果你不会写这个你可以直接说they are interested in,这样说也是过的去的。

which is新趋势,我们叫new trend,近年来的新趋势呢,我说过这个叫叫时间状语往后放,in recent years,最近这些年。

我们看一下答案是这么写的:More and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling, which is a new trend in recent years.一定要注意整个句子的结构。我说过词上如果犯错这是属于小错,结构上犯错误一定是大

错。

年轻游客数量不断增加可以归因于什么什么东西,这里有一个逗号,很明显逗号前面说的是一个主语,它归

因于。这个主语是什么什么的增加,这意味着什么?核心词是增加,我们先说的是the growing或者是the growth,都可以,一定是增加这样一个词。什么什么的增加归因于,这个是被归因于。我曾经在课上说过,翻译的中文这

个是洋腔洋调的中文,西化、欧化的中文。那意思就是说他在用一些中文暗示你英语用什么样的词,比如说可以

归因于一定是被归因于,can be attributed to,这是一个。

接着下是“迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心”,很明显是两个名词,一个是归因于收入,第二是归因

于好奇心,什么的收入呢?迅速提高的收入。“的”字前面是一个动词,大家可以看出来这个收入跟提高是什么关系?比如说主动、正在进行,那么这个地方就是doing。我们叫做the increasing income。

再加一个迅速,rapidly increasing income,因为英文动词比较短,你可以到名词左边和中文一样。但是放右边

也没有错,那就是income rapidly increasing或者是growing都可以。

接下来“探索外部世界的好奇心”,大家看这个中文的结构非常象我之前所说的“治疗癌症的方法”,结构上方法跟治疗是主动,方法和治疗是将来,所以就是to do,to cure cancer,那么这里是“探索外部世界的好奇心”,核心是好奇心,我们先写curiosity,然后再说to探索外部世界。因为同样是主动,同样是将来。那么探索外部世界我先

说一个最好的写法叫做to explore the whole world/to explore the outside world.那么有同学说探索这个词我不会写,explore这个词太难了。那你想一想简化,我说过翻译思想是简化、拆分、组合。简化完了以后就是探索外部世界,

发现外部世界。我们叫to discover the outside world,这也可以。看一下整个整句的翻译是这样的。The increasing number of young travelers can be attributed to,注意是increasing number,数量的增加,can be attributed to被归因于,这个属于被动语态不带“被”字。The increasing number of young travelers can be attributed to the rapid growth of income and the curiosity to explore the outside world.

随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。随着旅游多了,

大家很明显看的出来“随着”的这个地方叫with, with more travel,更多的旅行,所以是with。年轻人更加喜欢偏远

的地方,而不是大城市和著名景点。你可以把这个句子简化为这个。这就是我课说的重点句型。……is XXX, rather than XXX.他更喜欢什么而不什么。所以这个句子就是年轻人更喜欢偏远地方,而不是大城市和著名的景点。”

大家看一下这么写,with more travel,随着更多的旅行,youngsters spend more time in remote areas,我们叫遥远的地区。而不是大城市areas rather than big cities and famous resorts。风景名胜resorts这个单词是我在词汇课上重

点提的一个词。

大家再看,有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行,这个“甚至”就是一个递进,你可以说Furthermore表示递进。那么你可以说someone even choose,你可以说even加一个甚至这也可以。但是我们这里用furthermore简单。因为它是隔开一个句子之外写的,这样比较方便。

some of them would choose backpacking.这就是背包旅行。你如果说不会写你可以说来背包去旅行,对不对?是不是核心就是去旅行?带着背包是一个状语,带着背包with their package、with their bags。所以你完全可以说they would choose to travel with their bags/package,这些都可以,简化。

我再次强调我翻译的法则,这个原则特别重要。不要求大家多么忠于原文,不要求大家每一个细节多么的和

原文符合。我就要求一个点,你写的句子是正确的,简单可以但一定要正确。一定要是流的英语,千万不要按照

中文的语序,一个英语一个单词往上套,表面上看洋洋洒洒一大篇,但是最后分数只剩下两三分,可是你写完以

后自我感觉很良好。我希望句子是正确的。

最后一个句子比较长。“最近调查显示”,其实这也是我说的一个知识点。“最近调查显示”,后面这个句子很明

显是显示的一个宾语,这就是宾语从句,句子做宾语。拆分完了以后这个逗号在英语中没有了,我们可以说the recent survey/study shows/showed that,这都可以。展现出来以后写了一个that,后面就是整个句子,这里的英语不要在加

逗号了。很多学生喜欢写showed,逗号,完全按照中文在写,不合适。

接下来是一个独立的句子作为整个句子的宾语。那么这个独立的句子是什么?年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的

文化,丰富知识,拓宽视野。这个写法中夹杂了一个状语,大家看出来了吗?通过旅行这就是through travel放到中间。一旦放到中间以后,我们中文在中间,英语要定状后置,所以一定要放在最后面。

那就是“年轻人让想要体验不同的文化和XX东西”,那这里是more and more people want to experience different cultures,不同的文化,丰富知识,这个地方三个动作一定要并列。那既然三个动作别列的话,大家注意,当年你

前面用to do,后面都得写to do,那么就是want to experience different cultures. 丰富知识怎么说呢?动词原型,enrich knowledge。我先说一下最好的写法,拓宽视野, and broaden their horizon。那么我们先说一下最好的写法,我一会

再说不会写怎么办。Recent survey showed that many young people want to experience different culture,不同的文化,enrich knowledge, and broaden their horizon,丰富知识,扩展地平线,其实就是开阔视野,through traveling写在最后。

常常有同学说拓宽视野不会写,其实大家仔细想想,拓宽视野的中文跟丰富知识差不了太多,我建议大家删

掉,不会写就别乱写,直接写and enrich knowledge这就结束了。我认为这是一个小错,小错的扣分方式是前面好

几个地方加在在一起扣一分,如果整个结构不对,将一次性口扣到两到三分,比如宾语从句没有写出来。这是整篇

文章的解析,相对来说这篇文章是三篇文章当比较容易的。

大熊猫这篇文章的难度明显提高,大家跟我看一下。

“大熊猫是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。”这个句子我讲过非常类似的句子。我说的这个句子是“大熊猫是一种生活在四川山区,并以竹子为主要食物的动物。”这个时候也就相当于动物的定语比较长,大家看一个

这个动物就是有一个定语的,第一叫温顺的动物,第二叫长着独特皮毛的动物。这样的话就可以按照这个语序,“温顺的”找一个形容词。我先说一下最好的词叫做tame,倘若大家不会你们就写可爱的动物,lovable lovely adorable 都可以。

再强调一下,出现这种小错误永远是一个小错,结构上不要犯错。比如说最后这个定语,希望大家看懂,这

个定语是“长着独特的黑白皮毛”其实就是with unique fur,有独特的皮毛,with unique fur,独特的叫unique,不会写你就写special,黑白皮毛你可以写black and white fur,动物的毛皮用的是fur,这个我在词汇课是说过。如果实

在不会写你写一个hair,他也知道你是毛发,也说的过去。如果你写skin这个就是皮肤了,就不太准备,但还勉

强过的去,我认为是一个错会错误不是结构错误。结构比单词重要。

“因其数量稀少,大熊猫已经被列为濒危物种。”因其数量稀少,就是因为,Because of the small numbers,小

。被列为“濒危物种”,这是整的数量,少的数量,small numbers,大熊猫已被列为is listed。被列为:is listed as…

篇文章中特别难的词。我先说一个最好的写法,endangered species,濒危物种,危险的物种,这里是一个固定写法。你要是不会写的话了你如果写了一个dangerous species,危险的动物,我会知道你词汇的误用,我会稍微扣一点分,这是个小错。被列为这是整个句子的结构,要写对。

大熊猫被对于世界自然基金会有一个专有名词,这个不用管了。大熊猫对于一个东西有着特殊的意义,主干

是什么?很明显这个句子的主干是大熊猫有特殊的意义。大熊猫has a special meaning,特殊的意义,对WWF,to WWF,往后说就可以了,状语后置。

自从1961年该基金会成立以来大熊猫就是它的徽标,“自从”大家马上想到since,但是我说过since是介词,既然是介词后面就得写名词结构。那就是自从它的成立,并不是自从基金会,是自从成立,那就是Since the founding of WWF。或者写Since the founding of the found,随着基金的成立,the giant panda一直是,“一直”是has been its symbol 是它的标志,是它的象征。徽标这个词很难的,你直接写its symbol其实可以。“象征”是symbol,动词是symbolize。

大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员,最稀有is the rarest。然后说in bear animals熊科就可以了,in bear species熊的物种当中。其实这些词我都不是特别看重你有没有写对,就看重你熊科这是状语,往后放,大熊猫是最稀有的,

我就看重中你这个。

再接下来,主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。这就是我之前说过的主要生活在四川山区的动物,那么这里就

是一个非限制性定语从句。生活在四川,生活在中国西南部的森林里的成员或者说的动物。那么这里我们说which lives in森林of西南部of China.which是主语,lives是谓语。如果你不会写你就可以写成员跟生活是主动,是现在,我们直接写living in the forest of south-west of China,这是可以的,定语是后置的。

再往下看这个看非常短,目前nowadays当今世界上大约有一千只大熊猫。“有”字句我说过就三种写法,够用了,there be句型、have、with绝对够用了。那就是There are 1000 pandas in the whole world,there be 句型,完整的一个句子。

最后一个句子,“这些以竹子食的动物正面临许多威胁”,“正面临许多威胁”,are under threat在威胁之下。那么这里以竹子为食物,你想想是不是加在动物的右边?those animals,以竹子为主要食物,mainly eating bamboo are under threat.在威胁之下。因此逗号隔开很明显,这是一个副词,因此thus,或者是therefore,副词。

确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要,这个时候很多学生喜欢滥用词。大家注意到没有?确保什么什么的生存,意

思就是确保生存,是不是做主语?做主语就得名词化,名词化你要么说to ensure,要么说ensuring,这是动词做主语,千万别按照中文语序一个词一个词往上写,为什么不把整个句子看完再翻呢?假设学生不会,我也有一个办法,简化啊,直接就是大熊猫的生存比以往更重要,直接说它的生存。生存你要写的好一点叫做survival,the survival of panda这是最好的写法。倘若大家不会实在不会就是生活的,the living of panda,也还过的去,关键是结构是正

确的,比以往更重要,那就是最重要,is much more important than ever before,就是than before的意思,加一个副词ever比以往跟重要。

这是我对整篇文章解析,大家看一下完整的一篇答案。

Giant panda is a kind of tame animal with unique black and white fur. Because of the small numbers, panda is listed

as endangered species. Panda has a special meaning toward the WWF. Since the founding of the fund in 1961, panda has been its symbol. Panda, which lives in the forest of the south-west of China, is the rarest in bear species. Nowadays, there are approximately 1000 pandas in the world. These animals whose food is mainly bamboo are under serious threat. Thus, the survival of panda is much more important than ever before.这是这整篇文章的翻译。所以希望大家一定要关注新东

方的课程,我们强调的是简化、拆分、组合,所以看到中文词汇不会写就简化,看到中文就拆分成主谓宾定状补

这六个格子,最后按照英语的方式组合英语,这个翻译的法则简单到不能再简单,希望大家明白我们翻译的核心

思想

2014年12月英语四级真题及答案第三套

2014年12月英语四级真题及答案第三套 Part I Writing ( 30 minutes. ) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more. than 180 words. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B., C. and D., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A. Give his ankle a good rest. B. Treat his injury immediately. C. Continue his regular activities. D. Be careful when climbing steps. 2. A. On a train. B. On a plane. C. In a theater. D. In a restaurant. 3. A. A tragic accident. B. A sad occasion. C. Smith's unusual life story. D. Smith's sleeping problem. 4. A. Review the details of all her lessons. 、 B. Compare notes with his classmates.

大学英语四级翻译(全)

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