【英语】初中英语英语阅读理解汇编解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】初中英语英语阅读理解汇编解题技巧及经典题型及练习题

(含答案)含解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should follow their customs.

In China, it's impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table.

Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（付小费）. It is usual to tip waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.

In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It's important to respect（尊重）lines there. It's a good idea to talk about the weather. It's a favorite subject of conversation with the British.

In Spain（西班牙）, it's a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9:00 p. m.

In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite of you to do the same.

In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don't put it into your pocket（口袋）as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it.

Don't forget to be careful about your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.

（1）What does the underlined word "porters" mean in Chinese？

A. 搬运工

B. 水电工

C. 建筑工

D. 环卫工（2）If you travel to the US, and you spend $ 200 on a taxi ride and $ 320 on a meal, you are supposed to tip in total.

A. $520

B. $78

C. $156

D. $60

（3）Which of the following is TRUE？

A. You are expected to kiss your host on the cheek in Japan.

B. Generally, restaurants don't offer dinner after 9:00 p. m. in Spain.

C. It's impolite to eat first if there are older people at the table in China.

D. You don't need to stand in line if there are two people waiting for a bus in England.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. Where to travel.

B. How to tip in different countries.

C. When to use body language.

D. Customs in different countries.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗。

（1）词义猜测题。根据who help carry your bags帮你搬东西的人可知，porters是搬运工的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额服务员希望得到15%的餐费小费。出租车司机期望大约相同的数额可知，如果你去美国旅行，坐出租车花200美元，吃饭花320美元，你应该总共付小费是（200+320）*20%=78美元，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据you're not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先吃饭可知，如果中国的餐桌上有老年人，先吃饭是不礼貌的正确，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据本文介绍不同的国家有不同的习俗。当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗可知，文章主要讲述不同国家的风俗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解

I am Turere. I come from Kitengela, a farming community on the edge（边缘）of Nairobi National Park of Kenya（肯尼亚）. Since the age of nine. I have helped to look after my family's cows. As a child, in my free time. I enjoyed playing with electronics. I made my own inventions, such as electronic toys from car parts and other things. I also built other electronic devices（仪器） for my neighbors.

At the age of 13, I invented something that changed my life. It also changed the lives of many people in my community. One night, a lion from the park came into my family's farm and killed one of our cows. I was angry. However, killing the lion, I thought, was not the best way to solve the problem. Instead, I decided to invent a solution

The first idea I got was to use fire, because I thought lions were scared of fire. But I came to realize that didn't really help, because it was even helping the lions to see through the cowshed （牛棚）. So I didn't give up. I continued.

And a second idea I got was to use a scarecrow（稻草人）. I was trying to trick the lions into thinking） that I was standing near the cowshed. But lions are very clever. They will come the first day and they see the scarecrow, and they go back. But the second day, they'll come and they say, this thing is not moving here, it is always here! So he jumps in and kills the animals.

So one night, I was walking around the cowshed with a torch（手电筒）, and that day the lions didn't come. And I discovered that lions were afraid of a moving light. So I had an idea.

（1）What was Turere interested in when he was a child?

A. Tricking the neighbors.

B. Looking after cows.

C. Playing with electronics.

D. Making car parts

（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The lion.

B. The scarcer.

C. The cow.

D. The cowshed

（3）What's the solution to driving the lion away?

A. Using a moving light

B. Using a torch

C. Using a scarecrow

（4）What can we get from the passage?

A. The lion killed all the cows.

B. Turere killed the lion at last.

C. The lion no longer lived in the park.

D. Turere's invention made peace with lions.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述来自基腾格拉，一个位于肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园边缘的农业社区的男孩Turere。从九岁开始。帮忙照看我家的奶牛。作为一个孩子，在的空闲时间。喜欢玩电子产品。有自己的发明，比如汽车零件和其他东西做成的电子玩具。还为邻居制造了其他电子设备。13岁时，我发明了改变我生活的东西。它也改变了我社区许多人的生活。

（1）细节理解题。由 As a child, in my free time. I enjoyed playing with electronics.可知他对玩电子产品感兴趣。故选C。

（2）代词的指代题。由上句 But the second day, they'll come and they say, this thing is not moving here 。可知it是指this thing= a scarecrow ，稻草人不会动，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。由And I discovered that lions were afraid of a moving light. 可知赶走狮子的方法就是使用移动光，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。由 So one night, I was walking around the cowshed with a torch , and that day the lions didn't come.可知用移动光的方法能赶走狮子杀害村子里动物，又不用杀死狮子。图雷尔的发明与狮子和平共处，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

3．阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers.

Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.

Paul, 18, comes from Wales. Next year he wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now he's living in Belize. Paul says," I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs（珊瑚礁） in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted, the coral will die. I'm helping to do research on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it's too late. I'm staying with a family here and I help do same housework. I don't get any money, but that's OK. I love my work here, and I'm learning a lot about the people of Belize...and myself. When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America."

（1）What will some young people in England do after finishing school?

A. Go to work for money.

B. Go to other countries and work as volunteers.

C. Start work in universities.

D. Go to university in other countries.

（2）Where is Paul living now?

A. England.

B. China.

C. Belize.

D. America.

（3）What is Paul doing with other people in the sea near Belize?

A. Working to save the coral reefs.

B. Studying Chinese in a university.

C. Helping do some housework.

D. Doing some research in Wales.

（4）From the passage, we know that the coral reefs _____.

A. are not as beautiful as before

B. will probably be sold for money

C. may die because of the pollution

D. cannot live without fish in the sea

（5）What does Paul want to do after he finishes his work as a volunteer?

A. Stay there for another year.

B. Go back home to start work.

C. Learn about the people's home.

D. Travel around Central America.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】这篇文章讲述的是在英国，每年都有成千上万的高中生毕业，他们在上大学或者工作之前，会花费一年的时间去其他国家做志愿者。

（1）细节题。根据 Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers. 可知一

些年轻人去其他国家做志愿者，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 now he's living in Belize 可知现在他住在伯利兹，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs（珊瑚礁） in the sea near Belize 可知他和其他人努力拯救珊瑚礁，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据文章The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is very polluted, the coral will die.这里的珊瑚礁非常漂亮，如果大海污染严重的话，这些珊瑚礁会死掉的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据文章After I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America. Pauline说：“我完成工作之后，我想在这里再呆3个月，我想在伯利兹城和中美洲旅行，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?

Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses.

The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.

The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（应用软件）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?

When she talked about her work, Jessica said, "There will be many more changeable dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women."

（1）What will the 4D dress do for women?

A. It'll make women relax themselves a lot.

B. It'll turn into different styles for women.

C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful.

D. It will help women find good jobs easily.

（2）What does the underlined word "It" here refer to?

A. The 4D dress.

B. The 3D printing technology.

C. A company.

D. The dress maker.（3）What will Jessica do in the future?

A. She will have many companies around the world.

B. She will buy a very new smartphone and an app.

C. She will make many more changeable dresses.

D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.

（4）From the passage, we can infer（推断）that .

A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make a 4D dress

B. a 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes

C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dresses

D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dresses

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】用3D打印技术制作出来的4D裙子可以解决很多女士的时尚问题。4D 裙子就像织物一样可以随意改变它的款式。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句 It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses. It is like the fabric. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可知答案，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可以知道，4D裙子可以改变它的形状，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句There will be many more changeable （可变的）dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them, too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women.可知Jessica对制作能变换的衣服很感兴趣，想要去制作这些衣服，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中语句If women use the phone and the app, they can change the color, the style and many other things of the dresses.，可知女生可以通过软件来改变衣服的风格，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解题。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

5．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

The first time my wife Linda gave birth was in a hospital.

When Linda got pregnant （怀孕） for the second time, we wanted a home birth, not just for ourselves, but for our daughter. We are very open with our daughter. We want to teach her respect and awe （敬畏） for the things of bodies. So she was part of the process from the very beginning.

In the morning the midwives came just as Linda was climbing into the birth tub （盆）. Our daughter offered her mom water and food while she rested. When she found the noise and activity of birth, she was too nervous to stay long, so she spent a few minutes next to the tub, then went into another room to play. The midwives called her back in time to see her brother come into the world. As Linda pulled our tiny newborn son up, our daughter and I rushed to her side. all four of us hugging and crying and very excited. That night, and many times since then, our daughter said. "I'm so proud of Mom for having a baby." She has seen and admired the effort it takes to bring a new person into the world. It's a part of her life, something that can happen in the same room where she colors and watches movies.

It was crucial that our daughter was part of that experience, not just for her, but for Linda and me as well. Everything we wanted for her—trusted care providers; a very familiar environment; continuing support; good food—were things we needed but didn't have the first time Linda gave birth. We crossed this threshold （门槛） together, as a family, and it was messy and scary and

painful and unusual and mysterious and really perfect.

（1）The writer of this passage is probably ________.

A. a father

B. a mother

C. a daughter

D. a son

（2）What does the underlined word "midwives" probably mean ________.

A. carefully hardworking cooks

B. specially trained nurses

C. truly talented singers

D. very friendly drivers

（3）From the last paragraph, we can see in fact the writer ________.

A. didn't warn her wife Linda to give birth in the family

B. didn't want their family to cross the threshold together

C. thought it was crucial that their daughter was not part of the experience

D. wanted her daughter to know that she was trusted and needed in the family

（4）According to the passage we can see ________.

A. the writer's first child is a son

B. there are five people in the writer's family now

C. the writer's daughter saw her brother come into the world

D. the writer wanted a home birth only just for their daughter

（5）Which is the best title （标题） for this passage?

A. My First Child Was Born in a Hospital.

B. The Second Child in My Happy Family.

C. A Messy and Painful and Unusual Family.

D. Why Did We Choose a Home Birth for Our Second Child?

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了作者的大女儿在家参与小儿子出生的过程及原因。

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段 The first time my wife Linda gave birth was in a hospital. 我妻子Linda第一次生孩子的时候是在医院，可推知作者是个爸爸。故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据下文The midwives called her back in time to see her brother come into the world. Midwives及时叫她回来看她弟弟来到这个世上，可知midwives是负责帮作者妻子接生的人，应是经过特殊训练的护士。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 It was crucial that our daughter was part of that experience.我们的女儿是这经历的一部分，这是至关紧要的，可知作者想要她女儿知道她是被家庭所信任和需要的。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据第三段 As Linda pulled our tiny newborn son up, our daughter and I rushed to her side. 在Linda把我们的小儿子生出来的时候，我们的女儿和我奔到她的旁边，

可知作者的女儿看着她的弟弟来到世上。故选C。

（5）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了作者的大女儿在家参与小儿子出生的过程及原因。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

6．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

"I'm going to bed earlier tomorrow!" But no matter how we decide, there are still many chances that we break our promises.

This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination"（睡眠拖延症）, and results from being short of self﹣control and our body clock.

Bedtime procrastination is a common problem. According to a study, Among 2, 400 people, 53 percent of them couldn't follow their sleeping time they had planned, delaying（推迟）it at least twice a week. They delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late, but they couldn't stop doing some other things.

Accordingly, People who usually have trouble resisting temptations（抵制诱惑） and adhering to their intentions（坚持己见） are more likely to delay going to bed.

However, scientists think being short of self﹣control is not the only problem. Our body clock also lays an important role when it comes to bedtime.

In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep, scientists studied the sleep patterns （t模式）of 108 people. It was found that those who got up late are more likely to delay their bedtime than those who woke up early every morning.

And more surprisingly, night owls（夜猫子）would go to bed late at the very beginning of the weekday, even though they had to get up early for work and school. It's their special body clock that plays a part in delaying their bedtime.

People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem, but the choices we make that affect （影响）our sleep could finally be pretty important for our health.

（1）Bedtime procrastination is partly because of .

A. being short of self﹣control

B. resisting temptations

C. adhering to their intentions

D. working hard

（2）Bedtime procrastination is a common problem because .

A. people liked to stay up late

B. people have troule going to bed

C. over 50% of people couldn't sleep on time

D. people are night owls

（3） people were tested on the sleeping influence of the body clock.

A. 2400

B. 53 percent of

C. 47 percent of

D. 108

（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true？

A. People who got up late are more likely to delay their bedtime.

B. People who woke up early may not delay their bedtime.

C. Night owls always got up late.

D. Night owls delayed their bedtime due to their special body clock.

（5）The writer implies（暗示）that bedtime procrastination .

A. is not a big problem

B. has no any influence on our body

C. is the choice we make

D. is harmful

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了睡眠拖延症，介绍了原因和危害。

（1）细节理解题。根据This behavior is called" bedtime procrastination"（睡眠拖延症），and results from being short of self﹣control and our body clock.这种行为被称为"睡前拖延症"（beddime delutination）是由于缺乏自我控制和我们的生物钟所致，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据They delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing some other things. 他们推迟睡觉时间不是因为他们喜欢熬夜，而是因为他们不能停止做一些事情.，可只是因为超过50%的人不能按时睡觉，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep，scientists studied the sleep patterns of 108 people为了检验生物钟对睡眠的影响，科学家研究了108人的睡眠模式，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据 night owls（夜猫子）would go to bed late at the very beginning of the weekday，even though they had to get up early for work and school. 夜猫子（night owls）会在工作日的最开始很晚睡觉，即使他们必须早起上班和上学，可知夜猫子起床晚是错误的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem，but the choices we make that affect （影响）our sleep could finally be pretty important for our health.人们总是认为睡前拖延不是一个大问题，但是我们做出的影响睡眠的选择最终可能对我们的健康非常重要，可知是有害的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

More and more people believe that technologies are great for learning. Today, such teaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, including language, history and science.

Many teachers agree on using iPads in language learning. They say that students now have much more time for discussion in the classroom. Instead of spending class time listening to texts or watching teaching videos, students can do this on their own and come to class preparing for

discussion.

The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces.

The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn and the class becomes much more interesting and helpful. Some think using iPads are good for students. By using iPads, they can pay more attention to the material and learn more. Teaching notes are stored in their iPads and are easy to find. Some students spend more time studying now. " I can listen to my language material or watch teaching videos on the bus, instead of having to wait until I get home," a student explained.

Many teachers are worried about that technologies such as iPads are doing badly to students. They worry that students might store teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams. Some believe that if a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have fewer chances to have face-to-face communication with others.

However, technologies are already a part of most students' day-to-day lives. As for cheating, teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when taking exams. Technology is playing an important part. We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.

（1）Using iPads are good for students because .

A. students with iPads have less discussion in class

B. students get more fun from learning with iPads

C. students store teaching notes in iPads to cheat in exams

D. students save time waiting for buses with iPads

（2）Such teaching tools as iPads shouldn't be used to by students.

A. listen to the learning materials

B. store teaching notes

C. cheat during the exams

D. watch teaching videos

（3）What does the expression "at their own pace" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. According to their own timetable.

B. Without their teachers' help.

C. Because of their wonderful dreams.

D. Against their parents' hopes.

（4）The writer probably agrees that ______.

A. teachers can take control of students' learning

B. exam results depend a lot on new technology

C. technology in education has a bright future

D. note-taking is as helpful as video-watching

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了新技术对于学习的好处.

（1）推理题。根据 They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn and the class becomes much more interesting and helpful 可知学生们从使用iPad学习中获得更多乐趣，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 They worry that students might store teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams 可知像ipad这样的教学工具不应该在考试中被用来作弊，故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace 老师们还说iPad可以让学生按照自己的节奏学习，A按照他们自己的时间表，B没有他们老师的帮助，C因为他们精彩的梦想，D违背他们父母的希望， at their own pace是照自己的节奏，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom 可知作者可能同意教育技术有着光明的前景，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

8．阅读理解

On Miriam's 9th birthday two years ago, her aunt, who lives in Kenya（肯尼亚）, gave money to a group that cares for elephants to celebrate Miriam's birthday. Then Miriam and her mother visited Africa to learn how the group was helping elephants. Later, Miriam fell in love with the animals and wanted to help save them.

A few months after visiting Africa, Miriam watched How I Became an Elephant, a film about the mistreatment of elephants in Thailand, and a young girl's effort to save them. Miriam decided she wanted to raise money to save elephants.

Last year, Miriam created a program called They Deserve（应得） to Be Free after seeing how young elephants are abused in Thailand. She learned how people take a baby elephant, don't give it food or water for days and beat it hard. "It made me really sad. I need to do something useful." Miriam said.

Miriam is working to make money for Elephant Nature Park in Thailand. She asked her friends to give money to the park rather than giving her birthday gifts.

She recently joined about 12 other students in an art center. They made elephants from clay and decorated（装饰） them. Then she created a plan to sell clay elephants.

Kate, Miriam's art teacher, opened her art studio（工作室）to Miriam and her friends on weekends so they could make clay elephants. She even gave them the clay." It's great to see a young student wanting to spend her time on something meaningful. This is what we should all work towards," Kate said.

Miriam says she has sold 180 clay elephants worth 2, 000 dollars, and all of that money has been sent to Elephant Nature Park in Thailand.

（1）Miriam went to Africa to ________.

A. join a group

B. visit her aunt

C. help save elephants

D. learn about the group （2）The underlined word "abused" in Paragraph 3 means .

A. 虐待

B. 杀害

C. 训练

D. 饲养（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Kate from the passage?

A. She was probably very proud of Miriam.

B. She taught Miriam to make clay elephants.

C. She spent time selling clay elephants with Miriam.

D. She was worried that Miriam's plan wouldn't work.

（4）The best title for the passage is probably .

A. Elephants Are in Great Danger

B. Care for Animals, Care for Earth

C. 11-year-old Fights to Save Elephants

D. Protect Animals-Duty of Everyone

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个有爱心，为了大象做了很多事情的女孩。

（1）细节题。根据 Then Miriam and her mother visited Africa to learn how the group was helping elephants 可知米里亚姆访问了非洲，为了了解该组织，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 Miriam created a program called They Deserve（应得） to Be Free after seeing how young elephants are abused in Thailand. She learned how people take a baby elephant, don't give it food or water for days and beat it hard 可知abused，虐待，故选A。（3）推理题。根据 She even gave them the clay." It's great to see a young student wanting to spend her time on something meaningful. This is what we should all work towards," Kate said 可知Kate为，Miriam感到骄傲，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了一个有爱心，为了大象做了很多事情的女孩，可知标题适合是11-year-old Fights to Save Elephants 11岁的孩子为了拯救大象而战斗，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

When he was nine years old, an American boy called Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic straws （吸管）do Americans use every day?

He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer. The boy tried to find it out himself. Through lots of research, Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day. In hopes

of cutting down plastic waste, he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011.

Cress started the project in his hometown Burlington. Vermont. He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order. It was a simple change. However, it would save money. And by doing that, the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.

For the year that followed, Cress tried to spread his project across the United States. More and more restaurants agreed to join. They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one. Last April, Seattle became the first American city to completely ban plastic straws.

After his project became popular, Cress took his findings on the road. He has spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws.

"Focusing on straws is one simple step we all could take," Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I, as a kid, could make a difference, too."

（1）Cress found out that Americans use straws every day.

A. about 50 million

B. about 500 million

C. about 10 million

（2）Cress founded the Be Straw Free project in order to .

A. save money

B. become popular

C. cut down plastic waste

（3）Which American city first completely banned plastic straws？

A. Burlington.

B. New York.

C. Seattle.

（4）What does the sentence "Cress took his findings on the road" mean？

A. Cress took a walk on the road.

B. Cress spread his project around the world.

C. Cress was doing his research all the time.

（5）According to the last paragraph, Cress thinks .

A. he could be famous

B. he has made much money through his project

C. he could also do something meaningful although he is a child

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了九岁的美国男孩Milo Cress调查每天美国人使用多少塑料吸管，并且为了减少塑料浪费，他开始了一个项目。

（1）细节理解题。根据Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day可知克雷斯波发现美国人每天使用大约5亿根吸管，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据 In hopes of cutting down plastic waste，he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011为了减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了无稻草项目，可知为了减少塑料垃圾，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Last April， Seattle became the first American city to completely ban plastic straws去年四月，西雅图成为第一个完全禁止塑料吸管的美国城市，可知西雅图成

为第一个完全禁止塑料吸管的美国城市，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据He has spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws他已经和世界各地成千上万的学生交谈过，他想鼓励更多的人对塑料吸管说不，可知此处是指克雷斯波把他的项目传遍了全世界，故选B。

（5）细节理解题。根据Focusing on straws is one simple step we all could take，"Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I， as a kid， could make a difference， too.关注吸管是我们都可以采取的一个简单的步骤，"克雷斯安说. "这让我觉得，作为一个孩子，我也可以有所作为，可知他认为作为一个孩子，也可以有所作为，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读理解

In Britain. Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it's a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.

The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest（神父）on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in exchange for the saying of a mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.

One more thought is about the "Alms Box" placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers（做礼拜的人） put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas. That is why that day became known as Boxing Day.

Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating（捐赠） their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are popular Boxing Day activities now.

（1）If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on____________. A. December 25th B. December 26th C. December 27th D. December 28th

（2）Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to____________.

A. save the poor

B. pay for the priest

C. discover new land

D. pray for sailing safety （3）Wh at does the underlined phrase“sealed up" mean in Chinese?

A. 密封

B. 悬挂

C. 归还

D. 传递（4）The purpose of the passage is____________.

A. to praise the kindness of priests

B. to introduce the origins of Boxing Day

C. to call on people to help the poor

D. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas Day

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在12月26日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。

（1）细节理解题，根据When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是D。

（3）词义猜测题，根据The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是A。

（4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.

One reason for this is climate（气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data（数据）from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield（平均产量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare（公顷）.

However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.

Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop

growing.

Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings（茎段）rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype（基因型）. In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.

One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation（种植园）suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.

（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. People's love for bananas.

B. The taste of bananas.

C. The convenience of eating bananas.

D. The future disappearance of bananas.

（2）What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?

A. More countries will start to grow bananas.

B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.

C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.

D. Bananas won't be as tasty as before.

（3）What does Paragraph 5 tell us?

A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.

B. How bananas are grown.

C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.

D. Which diseases can kill bananas.

（4）The passage is written to ________.

A. offer tips for growing bananas

B. explain why bananas may die out

C. show the difficulties of growing bananas

D. describe bananas' growing conditions

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即不能生长，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to the sixth grade, everyone would be surprised by me.

But actually, they weren't.

When I arrived at my new class, I couldn't wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to suffer. More talented（有天资的）girls often sang solos（独唱）. I believed I wasn't smart. I believed I wasn't talented. I believed I was a failure.

Over the next two years, I had to work very hard. Every prize for the best singer was given to me for hard work and effort. Grades were still very poor but they improved little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything.

I haven't realized until recently that I really don't have to be the best at everything. I was too hard on myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me.

No one is perfect. There will probably always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the No.1 at everything, and that's really okay.

（1）What does the underlined part "a prodigy" probably mean in English?

A. A smart kid.

B. A crazy fan.

C. A common child.

D. A lazy girl.

（2）When the writer was at the new class, ___________.

A. she lost her interest in music

B. she had difficulty in learning

C. she surprised everyone in the class

D. she got separated from her friends

（3）What has the writer realized recently?

A. There is no success without effort.

B. Being talented is the key to success.

C. Don't expect too much of yourself.

D. It's not necessary to care about the result.

（4）Which would be the best title for this passage?

A. When I wasn't perfect

B. My past life as a young girl

C. Hard work doesn't work

D. What to do when you're not perfect

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过对自己学习经历的叙述，阐述了"人无完人"的人生道理。

（1）词义猜测题。根据文中句子I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school．可以推断出作者在音乐方面也是一个聪明的孩子，选A。

（2）理解推断题。根据文中的语句When I arrived at my new class, I couldn't wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to suffer. 理解可知，作者在新学校，在学习上遇到了困难，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文章的第五段I really don't have to be the best at everything．可推

断出，作者意识到不要对自己期望太高，故选C。

（4）归纳概括题。本文主要叙述了作者尽力使自己在各方面都很突出，力求完美，结果失败的故事．故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

13．阅读理解

Aaron didn't want to tell his classmates that he was homeless. But when he recorded his own story with StoryCorpsU-a project set up to help kids in high-needs schools build stronger relationships with their teachers-he says, it just came out.

"I don't know what made mc say it," Aaron explains. "but I'm like, 'Let me just be honest and just get it out.'"

In his recording, made last year in Chicago, Aaron said that he "had to sleep outside, sometimes with nothing to eat. I was ashamed（羞耻的）.…I am still ashamed."

Only when hearing Aaron's recording did his teacher, Celeste Davis-Carr, learned that he was living on the streets.

"I was scared, because I felt helpless, "Davis-Carr tells Aaron." I didn't know what to do, but at the same time I felt I must try my best to help you."

"I didn't really think that I would ever really tell a teacher, but it makes me know that you're special because you care," Aaron says. "You talk to me and make sure that I'm cool."

In the year since showing his secret, Aaron says he's doing better. He has more friends and has been living in a foster home（寄养家庭）since October. "It's good, actually. I feel comfortable. Where I am now-it kind of feels like home."

"Can I tell you one thing that I really admire about you, Aaron?" Davis-Carr asks. "Because I've never told you. Do you know how strong you are? You have a strength（力量） that, no matter what anyone says about you or they do to you, you don't change who you are as a person. And a lot of people don't have that strength. So I admire that about you."

"Thank you," Aaron replies.

"I want to see you happy," his teacher tells him." Just your smile is the best moments of you." "Thank you, "Aaron says." That means a lot to me."

（1）Aaron told his story in the recording to .

A. help the homeless kids

B. look for happiness

C. win support from others

D. keep himself honest

（2）In the eyes of Aaron, his teacher Davis-Carr .

A. offered him special care

B. felt helpless in his life

C. sometimes looked cool

D. was too scared to help him

（3）Which of the following statements about Aaron is TURE?

A. Aaron feels good about his new home.

B. Aaron dislikes his teachers except Davis-Carr.

C. Aaron has told his classmates he is homeless.

D. Aaron is always ready to change himself.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. A teenager enjoys going to school alone.

B. A teacher admires a student for his smile.

C. A homeless boy finds love in a teacher.

D. A recording helps a student find his parents.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的故事。（1）细节题。根据"I don't know what made mc say it," Aaron explains. "but I'm like, 'Let me just be honest and just get it out.'"可知，说出整个故事是为了保持诚实，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据but it makes me know that you're special because you care可知，在Aron 的眼里，老师是关心他的，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据It's good, actually. I feel comfortable. 可知，他觉得新家是好的，舒服的，所以A选项正确，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的故事，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

A few months ago we started a blog at https://www.360docs.net/doc/0919456170.html, called Confessions（自白） of an English Learner. This blog is for you to share your stories about language misunderstandings, and to laugh, cry and sympathize（同情） with other people's stories.

Adam from Taiwan wrote that he was taking a tour with his son in Hawaii. His son had gone to the restroom. The tour guide asked where the boy was, and Adam answered, "He is in the toilet." In other countries, that answer might have made perfect sense. But in the United States, most people would say "He's in the restroom." or "He's in the bathroom." To Americans, a "toilet" is what you find in a restroom instead of the name for the room itself. So you can see why saying "in the toilet" might have sounded funny.

Michele from France had a funny and maybe somewhat painful story to tell. She was visiting London and the weather was very cold and rainy. She went into an Indian restaurant and ordered a meal. The waiter asked if she wanted it "hot". She was surprised by the question and said, "Yes, very, very hot." Michele said after she took her first bite she realized her misunderstanding. The

food was very, very spicy（辣的）.So be careful the next time someone asks if you want your food "hot". It can also refer to（指） the flavor（味道）.

（1）On Confessions of an English learner, you should tell .

A. stories about the best ways you improve your English

B. stories about mistakes you made in learning English

C. experience you've got in English-speaking countries

D. stories about your trip in English-speaking countries

（2）When the waiter asked Michele questions about "hot", she thought the waiter referred to .

A. the weather

B. the temperature

C. the flavor

D. the room （3）The writer wrote the passage by .

A. giving examples

B. giving suggestions

C. listing some points

D. asking questions

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要写的是一个英语学习者的自白所犯的语言错误的事。（1）细节题。根据This blog is for you to share your stories about language misunderstandings 可知，这个博客是为了分享所犯的语言错误，所以在这个博客上，你会说所犯的错误，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 the weather was very cold and rainy和waiter asked if she wanted it "hot". She was surprised by the question and said, "Yes, very, very hot."可知，天气很冷，所以服务员为hot时，作者以为是要热菜，认为hot 是温度的意思，故选B。

（3）细节题。通读全文，作者通过写犯错的例子来阐述的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

15．阅读理解

Pablo Casals was a great cello（大提琴） player and music writer. He was born in Catalonia, Spain. He first heard the cello played when he was 11.Generally, he felling love with the instrument. So, he went to school at the Escuela Municipal de Musica. He focused on his studies and got high grades. When he finished school, he played the cello in the queen's palace. He became more and more famous. Soon, he began to play for audiences worldwide.

After the events of the Spanish Civil War, Casals left Spain. He refused to go back. He went to live in Puerto Roco. He continued his work as a teacher. Healso recorded many albums（相册）. At the age of 80 he married his third and final wife, Marta Montanez.

Casals died in 1973.The king of Spain had enjoyed Casals' music very much. He ordered a postage stamp to be made. It showed a picture of the cellist.

（1）What school did Casals attend?

A. Julliard.

B. L' Ecole Normale de Musique.

C. The Royal Conservatory.

D. Escuela Municipal de Musica.

（2）How old was Casals when he married Marta Montanez?