2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句（解析

版）

【2020年】

1.（2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.

A. whose

B. which

C. when

D. whom

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。故选B。

3.（2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.

A. whose

B. of whom

C. of which

D. which

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。

3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike.

【答案】whose

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。

【2019年】

1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A. which

B. what

C. when

D. that

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。

2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can

say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。

3.【2019·新课标I卷】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【答案】One afternoon where

when

I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。

4.【2019·新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，

___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.

【答案】where

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。

5.【2019·新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.

【答案】who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。

6.【2019·新课标III卷】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.

【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical

environment

what

that/which is created for them.

【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。

7.【2019·浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.

【答案】that/which

【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。

8.【2019·北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.

【答案】where

【解析】句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。

9.【2019·北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

【答案】who/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。

【2018年】

1.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which

B. who

C. as

D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ help s them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。

2.【2018·天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom

B. that

C. whose

D. her

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语，故用关系代词whose。故选C。

3.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。

4.【2018·新课标I卷】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed

a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes

(cause).

【答案】that或which

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。

5.【2018·新课标I卷】They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.

【答案】which改成in which或where

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。

6.【2018·新课标II卷】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _started_ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by

7.7 million tons.

【答案】that或which

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。

7.【2018·新课标II卷】Many westerners57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.

【答案】that或who

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。

【2017年】

1.【2017·北京卷】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A. that

B. as

C. where

D. when

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。______ we meet in our daily lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。

2.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A. which

B. it’s

C. whose

D. whom

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。

3.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

A. that

B. whose

C. his

D. who

【答案】B

【解析】本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是My eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。

【2016年】

1.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.

A. whose

B. why

C. where

D. which

【答案】A

【解析】题目考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。

2.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A. of which

B. of them

C. of whom

D. of those

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想，其中大部分人都是受过良好教育。故C正确。

3.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

A. whom

B. which

C. what

D. that

【答案】B

【解析】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which引导。故选B。

4.【2016·天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。