情态动词语法填空实战演练

情态动词语法填空实战

演练

Document number【980KGB-6898YT-769T8CB-246UT-18GG08】

情态动词语法填空

一、情态动词的基本用法（表能力）

【典例1】 I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I

________ find the money.(2012全国Ⅱ)

解析句意：如果我现在能有足够的钱，我将和约翰一起去欧洲度假。本题考查情态动词表能力。

答案can

【典例2】 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone________get out.(全国)

解析was able to表示经过努力能够做到，强调成功。句意：大火很快蔓延了整个宾馆，但是大家都成功地离开了。根据语境可知，强调成功地逃出。

答案was able to

例句：

①We________finish it ahead of time，though it was such a tough task.

解析句意：尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，我们还是提前完成了。be able to表示经过一番努力做成某事。

答案were able to

②．She was very though she'd hurt her leg，she________go back alone.

解析句意：她很勇敢，尽管她腿受了伤，她仍然设法独自回家。was able to＝managed to表示设法成功做某事。

答案was able to

几个基本情态动词的用法：

can

could?1.表许可(和may可互换)、能力

2.表怀疑、猜测、可能性（用于否定和疑问句中）

3 .could可表比can更委婉的语气及用于虚拟语气。

You can/may sit here./He can swim.

Could you come again tomorrow

He can’t be sixty.?can和be able to都可表能力，但be able to可表达“某事终于成功”，有更多的时态。

may&might?

1.表可以（问句中表请求，might更婉转）

2.表可能，或许（might语气更加不肯定）

3.表祝愿（用于倒装句中）

a.May/Might I use your bike

b. may/might be at home.

c. c. May you succeed!

d.

注意：回答May…do…的否定用mustn’t/can’t

回答May/Might…do…的否定用can’t/might not

must?1.表必须，应该（表主观要求）

2.表推测（用于肯定句），译为“准是，一定”

1 You must study hard.

2 She must be tired.否定式mustn’t表不准，禁止；否定回答用needn’t/don’t/doesn’t have to(不必)have to只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态人称变化）

Without help, I had to do it myself. 其中must表主观意识。have to有多种时态。ought to应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用shouldYou ought to obey laws.否定用oughtn’t 疑问句用Ought…to do…

shall?1.用于一三人称的疑问句，表征询意见

2.用于二三人称, 表示许诺、命令、警告等

例句：1 Shall we go now

2 The sign there reads, “No person shall smoke here.”

should1.表建议或劝告，译为“应该”

2.本该（含有责备意味）

例句：1 You should learn from each other.2 You should have given him

help.will&would?1.表意志或决心

2.疑问句中用于第二人称表请求，would比较委婉

例句：1 He promised he would never smoke again.

2 Will/Would you like some tea

would表示过去的习惯或喜好,不涉及现在; used to表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯.

dare?敢（常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中）

例句：He dare not/daren’t sleep alone.

Dare you touch it过去式dared；可作实义动词

need?需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）

例句：You needn’t do the work now.

Need…do…

肯定回答：Yes,…must. 可作实义动词

used to过去常常（现在已不再）

He used to play football.

否定式usedn’t/usen’t to do/didn’t use to do;

疑问Used…to…do…Did…use to do…

3、表示“能力”的情态动词有：can，could，be able to

(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在时can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。

Mary can play the has been able to play it since she was five.玛丽会弹钢琴，她5岁起就会弹了。

(2)表示过去能力时，was/were able to表示经过一番努力后取得了成功。相当于manage to do或succeed in doing，而could没有这个含义。Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.

昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。

情态动词的基本用法（表必要、义务、责任）

【典例3】—I don't care what people think.

—Well，you________．

解析句意：——我不介意别人怎么想。——噢，你应该那么做。根据语境可知，应选should，意为“应该”，表示一种建议，劝说。

答案should

【典例4】I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.(2012新课标全国)

解析句意：我不必用钟表唤醒自己，因为火车每天早上六点经过我的房子。根据原因状语从句的内容可知此处表示的是“不必”。

答案needn't

3．Parents________send their children to school when they reach six years old.

解析句意：当孩子满六岁时，家长应当送孩子去上学。根据语境可知，应填ought to，表示有责任，从法律或道义上“应该”做。

答案ought to

4．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents

—You________do anything except to be with them and be yourself.

解析句意：——为了我们年迈的父母，你认为我们可以做些什么事呢——你不必做任何事情，只要能真情地陪伴他们。don't have to＝needn't 表示“不必”，符合语境。

答案don't have to或needn't

表示“必要性”的情态动词通常有：must，should，ought to，have to

注意：

(1)ought to与should意思大体相同，但ought to语气比should重，往往表示从法律或道义上“应该”。

You are his father and ought to take care of him.

你是他父亲，应当照顾他。(有责任，从道义上应该)

Young people should show respect to the old.

年轻人应该尊重老年人。

(2)have to表示“必须，不得不”，这个意义与must很接近，但must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。

I told her that she must give up smoking.我叫她必须戒烟。

I have to hand in my term paper before 5：00 p．.我必须今天下午5点前交学期论文。

4、情态动词的基本用法（表请求、允许、命令、禁止）

【典例5】 The new law states that people ________ drive after drinking alcohol.(2012上海)

解析句意：新颁布的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。

答案mustn't

【典例6】 One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.(2012辽宁)

解析句意：我们的规章制度之一就是在校时每个学生都应该穿校服。shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示法律规定时，意为“应该”。

答案shall

【典例7】—Will you read me a story，Mummy

— ________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.(2011陕西)解析句意：——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。shall在此处表示“允诺”。

答案shall

5．You ________ park here！It's an emergency exit.

解析句意：你不可以在此停车！这是紧急出口。mustn't表示“禁止”。

答案mustn't

6．—________ I take the book out

—I'm afraid not.

解析句意：——我可以把书带出去吗——恐怕不能。请求对方允许时常使用can或may。

答案May或Can

7．I can't told me that I ________ stay here until she comes back.

解析句意：我不能离开。她告诉我在她回来之前我必须待在这里。

答案must

5、“偏义”大本营——情态动词

(1)表示过去经过努力而成功地做了某件具体的事情时，只能用was/were able to，不用could。

(2)must有一种含义，即“偏要”。

(3)shall可以用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人的允诺、命令、警告、威胁等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。

(4)will可以表示意愿。will还可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等，意为“经常，惯于，总是”。

(5)should表示惊异、意外等情绪，经常用于疑问句和肯定句中，多译为“竟然，居然”。

6、情态动词表推测的用法（肯定推测）

【典例8】—Good 've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

—Ah，good ________ be .(2010北京)

解析第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，“那您一定就是了”，因此用must。

答案must

【典例9】 What do you mean，there are only ten tickets

There ________ be twelve.

解析你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗应该有十二张。should表示“应该，应当”。

答案should

【典例10】 Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they ________ just be quiet people.

解析言语不多的人未必就腼腆，他们可能只是好静而已。may或许。

答案may

8．“You ________ have a wrong number，”she said.“There's no one of that name here.”

解析考查情态动词。从“There's no one of that name here.”可知“你一定弄错号码了”。此处表示“肯定的推测”，故用must。

答案must

9．Peter ________ be really difficult at times even though he's a nice person in general.

解析根据句意中的at times可知，Peter有时真的很难相处。can 表示推测，意为“可能会”。

答案can

10．—Where will you start your work after graduation

—Mmm，it's not been decided my study for a higher degree.

解析由it's not been decided yet可知，“我”对此并不确定，因此后面的情态动词用might，表示可能性不是很大。

答案might

注意：

1．must用于肯定句，表示较有把握的推测，意为“准是，一定”。

2．should用于肯定句中，语气次之，意为“很可能，应该”，指按常理推

测。

3．can用在肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性。如：

Smoking can cause cancer.

吸烟有可能引起癌症。

4．may用在肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为“也许，可能”。5．could，might也可表示推测意义，常用在过去时态中；但在某些场合下，为了使语气更缓和、更委婉，常用could，might代替can，may。如：

They saw something in the sky last could/might be a UFO.昨天晚上他们看见天空中有个东西。它有可能是不明飞行物。

二．用适当的情态动词或虚拟语气填空

1．(2013北京，35)—You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.

—Well，I don't know. It________do.

解析考查情态动词。第一个人说不会下雨，第二个人回答I don't know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。

答案might

2．(2013辽宁，31) Harry is feeling much too uncomfortable. He

________(drink) too much at the party last night.

解析考查情态动词。此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。句意：Harry感觉不舒服。昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done。

答案must have drunk

3．(2013四川，5)

— Why are your eyes so red You________have slept well last night.

—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.

解析考查情态动词。根据语境“眼睛那么红，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此处考查情态动词can的否定式can't表推测，意为“不可能”。can't have done表示对过去的推测，意为“过去不可能……”。

答案can't

4．(2013天津，9)No one________ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.

解析考查情态动词。句意：不可能有人比他更慷慨；他有一颗善良的心。can't/couldn't表不可能。

答案could

5．(2013新课标Ⅰ，29)The door________open，no matter how hard she pushed.

解析考查情态动词。此处描述主语the door的特点“老是打不开”，其固有的特性，用情态动词would(will)描述。

答案wouldn't

6．(2013北京，34)If we________(book)a table earlier，we couldn't be standing here in a queue.

解析考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知if从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态。

答案had booked

7．(2013福建，30)—Do you think George has passed the driving test — so，he ________(drive)his car to our college yesterday.

解析考查虚拟语气。句意，如果这样的话(乔治已经通过驾照考试)，他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过去的虚拟。If so＝If he had passed the driving test，主句使用情态动词＋ have done。

答案would have driven

8．(2013陕西，12)My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.

解析考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“(should＋)动词原形”的虚拟语气。

答案should

9．(2013浙江，8)Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________(be)at the age of six months old.

解析考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend，表示“推荐，建议”，后接宾语从句时应用(should＋)动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了should。

答案be

10．(2013安徽，28)I________(go)to my cousin's birthday party last night，but I was not available.

解析考查虚拟语气。句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。表示对过去虚拟用情态动词过去式后加have done表示。

答案would have gone

7、情态动词表推测的用法（否定与疑问推测）

【典例11】—I don't really like did you invite him

—Don't ________ said he wasn't certain what his plans were. (2011北京)

解析根据he wasn't certain可知，James可能不来。

答案might not

【典例12】—How's your new babysitter

—We ________ ask for a better our kids love her so much.(2011浙江)解析考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你的新保姆怎么样——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。couldn't不可能。

答案couldn't

【典例13】—________it be Tom that stole the manager's mobile phone — far as I know，Tom is very honest.

解析考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；句意：——有可能是Tom偷了经理的手机吗——不可能。就我所知，汤姆是非常诚实的。

答案Can

11．(2011江西)It ________ be the postman at the 's only six o'clock.

解析根据It's only six o'clock推知，那不可能是邮递员，否定形式推测要用can't或couldn't。因为must表推测时，只能用于肯定句。

答案can't

12．I ________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

解析can't...too...为固定结构，意为“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。

答案can't

13．If you don't want to go swimming，you ________ as well stay at ，it is up to you to decide.

解析may/might as well构成习惯搭配，意为“倒不妨……”。

答案may

8、情态动词表推测的用法（否定与疑问推测）

1）否定推测

(1)表示否定的推测时，can't/couldn't语气最强，指“不可能”，带有惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。如：

The story sounds reasonable，but it can't be true.

这个故事听起来合情合理，但不可能是真的。

(2)语气不很肯定时，常用may not或might not表否定推测，意为“可能不，也许不”。如：

He may not/might not be at home.他可能不在家。

2）疑问句中的推测

疑问句中的推测，常用can或could，意为“可能”。如：

Who can it beCan it be Jenny

那能是谁呢是玛丽吗

3）情态动词表推测的三种时态

(1)对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词＋动词原形”。

She must arrive before ：00前她一定到。

(2)对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词＋be”，“情态动词＋be doing”或“情态动词＋动词原形”。

He must/may be listening to the radio now.

他一定/可能正在听收音机。

4）“情态动词＋have done”表推测的用法

（1）“情态动词＋have done”表推测的真题

【典例14】—Happy birthday!

—Thank you！It's the best present I ________(wish)for.(2012江苏)解析句意：——生日快乐！——谢谢！这是我原来希望能够得到的最好的礼物。

答案could have wished

【典例15】 We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.(2012江西)

解析考查情态动词。句意：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，那我们就没有必要买这么多食物。根据“now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner”可知答案，needn't have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上却

做了”。

答案needn't

【典例16】 He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he

________(express)it differently.

解析掌握情态动词的完成结构的用法是解此题的关键。could have expressed本来能够表达。

答案could have expressed

14．We ________(face)the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me

解析考查情态动词。句意：我们本可以共同面对困难，但是你为什么不告诉我呢后半句用的是一般过去时，由此可知前半句是对过去情况的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词＋have done”形式。could have done表示过去本可以做某事，而实际上却没有做，符合句意。

答案could have faced

15．Jack described his father，who ________(be)a brave boy many years ago，as a strong－willed man.

解析根据语境可知，此处表示的是对过去事实的推测，所以用must have done结构。注意句中有一个非限制性定语从句将主句分隔开了。

答案must have been

16．—I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

—How unbelievable to get it back！I mean，someone ________(steal)it.

解析句意：——我把手提包落在火车上了，不过，幸运的是，有人把它交给了乘警。——把包拿回来是多么不可思议啊！我的意思是，有人可能偷了你的包。考查情态动词。might have stolen可能已经偷了，符合语境。

答案might have stolen

（2）“情态动词＋have done”表推测的用法（注意）

(1)must have done“一定已经做了”，表肯定推测，否定式为

can't/couldn't have done；

(2)can/could have done表示“本来能够做，却没有”，或“过去可能会”；

(3)may/might have done不用于疑问句，表示“也许……；或许已经做了……”；

(4)should/ought to have done意为“本该做了，但未做”，否定式

shouldn't/ought not to have done意为“本不该做，但做了”。它们都暗含对其责备；

(5)needn't have done表示“做了本没有必要做的事”；

(6)would rather have done意为“宁愿当时做过某事”，否定式would rather not have done意为“宁愿当时没有做过某事”。它们表示后悔之意。

9、虚拟语气（在条件句中的运用）

【典例17】 Sorry，I am too busy I ________(have)time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.(2012湖南)

解析句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有时间的话，我会和你一起出去郊游。根据句意以及句中的now可知，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用过去式，而主句用“could/would/should/might ＋动词原形”。

答案had

【典例18】 Maybe if I ________(study)science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.(2011北京)

解析考查错综时间的虚拟语气。主句用的是would be able to...表示对现在情况的假设，但由if从句中的then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，故用had studied。

答案had studied

【典例19】 This printer is of good it ________ break down within

the first year，we would repair it at our expense.

解析第一句话用了一般现在时，第二句话的主句却出现了would，这暗示条件句中使用了虚拟语气。由语境可知这里是对将来的虚拟，条件状语从句中可以用“动词过去式/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形”这三种形式中的某一种。“should”此时，常译为“万一”。

答案should

17．If he ________(follow)my advice，he wouldn't have lost his job.

解析考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去的事实相反，故从句应用过去完成时。句意：如果他当初听我的劝告的话，他就不会失去工作了。

答案had followed

18．________ I be free tomorrow，I would go with you.

解析与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，should I be free tomorrow是省略的倒装形式，正常结构是If I should be free tomorrow。句意：如果明天我有空的话，我将与你一起去。

答案Should

19．________(understand)the problem，he wouldn't have committed those mistakes.

解析表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。had he understood the problem 是省略的倒装形式，正常结构是If he had understood the problem。句意：如果他理解了这个问题，他就不会犯那些错误。

答案Had he understood(或If he had understood)

虚拟语气（在名词性从句中的运用）

【典例20】—Where are the childrenThe dinner's going to be completely ruined.

—I wish they ________(be)always late.(2011北京)

解析句意：——孩子们都到哪里去了这顿饭就要被他们彻底破坏了。——我希望他们不要总是迟到。wish后跟that从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去事实相反的用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时。

答案weren't

【典例21】 Jack is a great 's high time that he

________(do)something instead of just talking.(2012辽宁)解析句意：Jack总爱夸夸其谈，他该做点事了，而不是仅仅空谈。这里是“It's(high/about)time that...”句型，从句谓语应用过去式或“should ＋动词原形”。

答案did

20．It's suggested that some activities ________(hold)to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Reform and Opening up.

解析考查主语从句的虚拟语气。题干中的suggest意为“建议”，所以that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气，表达形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。句意：有人建议应当举办一些活动来庆祝改革开放第30周年。

答案be held

21．He gave us advice that this work ________(cancel)．解析“工作”与“取消”之间为被动关系。advice的同位语从句用虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们不要取消这项工作。

答案not be cancelled

22．I would rather they ________(come)tomorrow.

解析would rather后的宾语从句中表示对将来的愿望时，要用过去时。句意：我宁愿他们明天来。

答案came

10、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

(1)用于宾语从句中

wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：

过去时(宾语从句动作与wish同时)

过去完成时(宾语从句动作先于wish)

could/would/might＋动词原形，即过去将来时(宾语从句动作后于wish)

表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，常见的动词有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。如：He suggested that we should start off early the next day.他建议我们第二天早点出发。

(2)用于主语从句中

It is desired / suggested/ necessary /important / strange / natural＋that从句，从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。(3)用于表语从句和同位语从句中

在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。

My idea is that we(should)think it over before accepting it.我的意见是在接受之前要反复考虑。

虚拟语气（在其他句式中的用法）

【典例22】 Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________(live)there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.(2012安徽)

解析句意：Grace不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那里，就不能经常见到父母了。根据wouldn't be able to see...及句意可知，该句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，所以if从句谓语动词需用“were to do或should do

或动词过去式”。

答案were to live

【典例23】 Don't handle the vase as if it ________(be)made of

steel.(2012北京)

解析句意：不要这么拿着这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。as if意为“好像”，分析句意可知as if后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时。

答案were

【典例24】 We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we

________(visit)more places of interest yesterday.(2012福建)

解析句意：我们在那个小村庄迷路了，要不然，我们昨天能参观更多的名胜。根据语境可知空格处所表达的意思与过去事实相反，需用

“should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词”结构。

答案would have visited

23．I ________(come)sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.

解析考查虚拟语气。本题选项中既有表示过去事实的动词，又有表示过去动作的虚拟。句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，要不然我肯定会迅速点儿。根据句意可知，这里是对过去的虚拟，故用“would have done”的形式。

答案would have come

黄金口诀

虚拟用在名从中，should do结构要记清；

一个坚持两命令，三个建议四要求；

It做主后有形，奇怪重要自然行；

Wish之后有宾从，虚拟时态退一层；

As if/if only/would rather，时态也要退一层；

It's high time that sb did sth.此种形式要记清。

11、用适当的情态动词或虚拟语气填空

1．He ________(become)fatter but he eats too little.

解析根据语意知道我们可以在but he eats too little前加上一个省去的条件状语从句if he ate much，由此可知是与现在时相反所以主句用would become。

答案would become

2．He ________(praise)if he works hard for the people.

解析句意：如果他为人民努力工作，他会受到表扬。说话人希望他受到表扬，而will表示的是句子的主语的意愿，那样意思就是“他愿意受到表扬”，显然不对。

答案shall be praised

3．There was a lot of fun at yesterday's ________ come，but why didn't you

解析该空含你本来应来但实际未来之意，应填ought to have。

答案ought to have

4．I was really anxious about ________(leave)home without a word.

解析该空含你本不应该一句话不说就离开家但实际已这么做之意，所以应填shouldn't have left。

答案shouldn't have left

5．—Must I go there right now

—No，you ________．You ________ go there before supper.

解析Must I．..肯定回答用Yes，you must.否定回答是No，you needn't或No，you don't have to，不能用mustn't，因为mustn't表示“不许；不准；禁止”，本题后半部用may表示允许。

答案needn't；may

6．—Could I borrow your dictionary

—Yes，of course you ________．

解析本题中的could也表示请求(而非表示过去时)，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应该用can(即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。

答案can

7．—Are you coming to Jeff's party

—I'm not ________ go to the concert instead.

解析根据I'm not sure判断，表示说话者不确定，有可能去音乐会。

答案might

8． is on time for ________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony.

解析can表示可能性的推测，常用于疑问句或否定句中。

答案can

9．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he ________(attend)your lecture.

解析can't(couldn't)have done表示对过去的否定性推测，意为“不可能”。所提供的情境My sister met him at the Grand表示他不可能参加讲座。

答案couldn't have attended

10．He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，otherwise he ________(score)a goal.

解析根据otherwise可以判断出要用虚拟语气表示过去发生的事要用would have scored。

答案would have scored

11．Oh，I'm not feeling well in the ________(eat)so much fried chicken just now.

解析just now是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词＋have＋过去分词的形式”。

答案shouldn't have eaten

12．A left－luggage office is a place where bags ________ be left for a short time，especially at a railway station.

解析句意：行李寄存处是能够暂时存放行李的地方，尤其是在火车站。此处用can表示可以、能够。

答案can

13．Keep up good state of mind even if you ________ fail plenty of times.

解析考查should的用法。should用在if或even if引导的表示条件的从句中，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思，从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句不一定用虚拟语气。

答案should

14．—It's the office！So you ________ know eating is not allowed here.

—Oh，sorry.

解析从前后文可知，此处是一种很肯定的推测。

答案must

15．But for the help of my English teacher，I ________(win)the first prize in the English Writing Competition.

解析此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用

would/should/could/might＋have done结构，根据句意要用否定含义，本句

的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。

答案would not have won

16．There ________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.

解析根据经验或惯例对某一情况进行推测，用should或ought to，常译成“按理应该……”或“可能会……”。shouldn't是其否定形式。

答案shouldn't

17．—Is John coming by train.

—He should，but he ________ likes driving his car.

解析come，go，leave，start等趋向动词的进行时表示将来时，所以答语是对这一将来动作做出的推断。may not“可能不，不一定”，根据he likes driving his car可以看出John可能乘火车来，也可能自己开车来。

答案may

18．It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I

________(fall)in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

解析根据句意和I would be doing可以判断这是虚拟语气。at the age of seven是表示过去的时间状语，if从句中的谓语要用had not fallen，表示对过去情况的假设。

答案had not fallen

19．You can't imagine that a well－behaved gentleman ________ be so rude to a lady.

解析should用于表示感情，意向等句中的that从句，表示“竟然……，居然……”，出乎意料。

答案should

20．What would have happened ________(walk)，as far as up to the river bank.

解析因为主句的谓语动词用了would have happened，所以从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中，如果条件状语从句中的if省略，该句要倒装。

答案had Bob walked farther(或if Bob had walked farther)

实战演练与答案解析

填入情态动词的恰当形式或根据括号所提供的词填入情态动词恰当的结构。

1.I should have been there, but I ____________ find the time.

2.Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.

3.Tom, you ___________ not leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

4.You can’t imagine that a well behaved gentleman _____________ be so rude to

a lady.

5.It has been announced that candidates_____________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

6.---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

---She ____________. I’ve already borrowed one.

7.John, look at the time. _______________ you play the piano at such a late hour

8.

---__________ this book be yours

---No, it ____________ not be mine. It ___________ be his.

9.As a girl, she ____________ get up at six every day.

10.__________ he to clean the classroom after school

11.

You ____________ be tired after the long trip, aren’t you

12.

---What’s the name

---Khulaifi. __________ I spell that for you

13.

You _____________________ (see) the film, haven’t you

14.You _____________________ (talk) on the phone at th at time, for I couldn’t get through.15.They _____________________ (miss) the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.16.______________ you pass the college entrance examinations!17.He had known the matter before you told him, so you _____________________ (not tell) it to him.18.I did not call to make any airline reservation but I ________________.19.The light is out. They

_______________________ (not work) now.20.---My cat is really fat.---You

_____________________ (not give) her so much food.

答案：1. couldn’t2. may3. mustn’t4. should5. shall6. needn’t

7. Must8. Can; can’t; must 9. would 10. Ought11. must12. shall have seen

14. must be talking 15. might/might have missed 16. May 17. needn’t have

told18. should have19. can’t be working20. shouldn’t have given