自动化专业英文文献翻译2

自动化专业英文文献翻译2
自动化专业英文文献翻译2

西南交通大学

毕业设计(英文翻译)

节能型机房温湿度远程控制系统测控节点设

年级:

学号:

姓名:

专业:

指导老师:

二零一一年六月

Mosix

Mosix修改bsdi上的BSD/ OS来提供电脑上的跨网络的动态负载平衡组和先发制人进程迁移。这是不错的东西,不只是为并行处理,但对于通常使用一个集群很像一个可扩展的SMP。是否有Linux版本?详细信息,请看www.cs.huji.ac.il/mosix/。NOW (工作站网络)

伯克利工作站网络项目,https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/,已经极推广了并行计算中使用工作站网络,这里还有很多工作在进行中,都致力于“在未来几年展示一个实际的100处理器系统”。唉,他们不使用linux。

并行处理使用linux

并行处理使用Linux WWW站点,https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/LDP/,是这些指南和许多相关文件包括为全日制量身订造的在线幻灯片的家园。除了在报纸项目上,普渡大学电机与计算机工程系已经是并行处理的领先者,这个的设立是为了帮助别人申请并行处理的Linux电脑。

自从普渡大学的第一组Linux个人电脑在1994年2月组装以来,已经诞生了许多的Linux PC集群,有些还包括视频墙。然而这些集群使用386,486和奔腾系统(没有奔腾Pro系统),英特尔最近获得普渡大学的捐赠,将允许它的奔腾II系统构建多个大型集群(与单个群集计划多达165机)。并且这些集群都将有论文网,也具有最传统的网络。

奔腾Pro集群研讨会

1997年,4月10-11日,埃姆斯实验室在得梅因,爱荷华州举行了奔腾Pro集群研讨会。WWW在本次研讨会,https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/workshops/PPCworkshop.html,从云集的参加者中收集了很多丰富的PC集群信息。

TreadMarks帝斯曼(分布式共享存)

帝斯曼(分布式共享存)是一种技术,即一个消息传递系统可以出现的行为作为一个SMP。有不少这样的系统,其部分使用OS页故障触发消息传输机制。TreadMarks,https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/~willy/TreadMarks/overview.html,是这种系统更有效地之一,并在Linux集群上运行。坏消息是“TreadMarks”正在由一个小成本的大学和非盈利机构的分配。欲了解更多有关该软件,请联系https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,信息。

U型网 (用户级网络接口架构)

U型网(用户级网络接口架构)在康奈尔大学,

https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/U-Net/Default.html,项目试图提供低延迟,高带宽的网络硬件使用商品由虚拟的网络接口,以便应用程序可以发送和接收没有作业系统的干预。在Linux上运行的U型网,使用DECchip DC21140的快速以太网卡或前置系统的主成分- 200(不常设仲裁法院-200E)ATM卡。

WWT (威斯康星风洞)

的确有相当多集群相关的工作在威斯康星州。该WWT的(威斯康星风洞)项目,https://www.360docs.net/doc/1113951871.html,/~wwt/,正在致力于对发展的“标准”之间的并行编译器和底层硬件接口各项工作。还有就是威斯康星牛(集群工作站),合作共享存和暴风雨的Paradyn并行性能工具等,不幸的是关于Linux的不是很多。

4. 在A寄存器的SIMD (例如,使用MMX公司)

在A寄存器的SIMD(单指令流多数据流)(SWAR)并不是一个新想法。给定一个有k位寄存器,数据路径和功能单元机,人们早已知道,普通的寄存器操作可以像SIMD一样并行操作n,n/k位,整数字段值。然而,这只是由于对多媒体最近有SIMD 推动的2倍到8倍加速技术已成为主流计算的关注。大多数微处理器1997的版本包括硬件SWAR支持:

AMD的K6型MMX公司(多媒体扩展)

Cyrix的货币供应M2 MMX公司(多媒体扩展)

数字Alpha马克斯(多媒体扩展)

惠普的PA - RISC的最大(多媒体加速扩展)

英特尔奔腾II和奔腾MMX公司与(多媒体扩展)

Microunity Mediaprocessor SIGD(单一数据组指令上)

MIPS的数字媒体扩展(MDMX,发音疯狂的麦克斯)

的Sun SPARC V9的VIS(视觉指令集)

还有一些新的微处理器提供了一个由硬件支持的几洞,怪癖像场大小只支持一些操作一些。重要的是要记住,但是,你不需要任何SWAR经营的硬件有效的支持。例如,位操作是不会被寄存器逻辑分区影响的。

4.1 SWAR:有什么优势?

虽然每个现代处理器至少具有一些并行执行能力的SWAR,不幸的是,即使是最好的SWAR增强指令集不支持非常通用并行。事实上,许多人已经意识到,奔腾与“带MMX技术的奔腾”之间性能上的差异通常都是由巨大的L1缓存存在MMX造成的。因此,实际上,什么是SWAR(或MMX)的优势呢?

仅整数,越小越好。两个32位值可安装在64位MMX寄存器,但这样做的八单字节字符,更或者是一个完整的国际象棋板上的一位。注:将会有一个浮点版本的MMX,虽然在此篇文章中很少提及。Cyrix已经发布了一些幻灯片,ftp://ftp.cyrix./developr/mpf97rm.pdf

其中包括一些MMFP的评论。显然,MMFP将支持两个32位浮点数字装入到一个64位的MMX寄存器,结合这两个MMFP管道将产生四个单精度每时钟触发器。

SIMD或向量式并行。相同的操作同事应用到各个领域。有许多办法来废止选定域的作用(即相当于掩蔽的SIMD),但它会带来更为复杂的编码和性能的损害。

本地化,有规律的(完美的包装),存参考模式。SWAR在一般情况下,特别是MMX,在随机存取方面很可怕;聚集一个相当昂贵的x[y]向量(其中y是一个索引阵列)。

这些都是严重的限制,但这种类型的并行算法,发生在许多并行而不只是多媒体应用。对于算法的正确类型,SWAR比SMP或并行群集更效率得多,而且它不需要任何费用。

4.2 SWAR编程导论

SWAR的基本概念,在A寄存器里的SIMD,是指在字长寄存器的操作能被用于加速由SIMD在n,k/n位表上的操作运算。然而,使用SWAR技术可能会难以处理,并且一些SWAR操作确实比串行序列比昂贵的多,因为他们需要额外的指令以执行实地划分。

为了说明这一点,让我们考虑一个大大简化的SWAR模型,管理每一个32位寄存器里的4个8位字段。两个寄存器中的值可以表示为:

PE3 PE2 PE1 PE0

+-------+-------+-------+-------+

Reg0 | D 7:0 | C 7:0 | B 7:0 | A 7:0 |

+-------+-------+-------+-------+

Reg1 | H 7:0 | G 7:0 | F 7:0 | E 7:0 |

+-------+-------+-------+-------+

这个模型表明每一个寄存器都被有必要地视为一个包含4个独立的8位整型的向量。另外,把A和E作为Reg0和Reg1来处理元素0(PE0),把B和F视为PE1的寄存器,等等。

本文档的其余部分简要回顾这些整数向量的SIMD并行操作的基本类型如何将这些功能都可以实现。

多态操作

有些SWAR操作可以很一般地使用普通的32位整型操作,而不必担心这个操作是真的打算在这些8位的字段上并行操作。我们呼吁任何SWAR操作多态性,因为该功能并未受到字段类型(大小)的影响。

测试如果任何字段是非零是多态的,因为都是按位逻辑运算。例如,一个普通的位与操作(C的&操作符)执行按位与,无论这个字段的大小。一个简单的寄存器位与实例如下:

PE3 PE2 PE1 PE0

+---------+---------+---------+---------+

Reg2 | D&H 7:0 | C&G 7:0 | B&F 7:0 | A&E 7:0 |

+---------+---------+---------+---------+

由于位与操作总有K值的结果位值来影响操作,所有字段的大小都支持使用相同的单指令。

分区操作

不幸的是,很多重要的SWAR操作都不具有多态性。算术运算,如加,减,乘,除等都实行在字段间进/借位。我们称这样的SWAR操作为分区,因为每一个这样的操作必须有效地分开操作数和结果之间的相互作用,以防止字段间相互影响。然而,实际上有三种不同的方法来获得这样的效果。

分区说明

也许最明显的方法来实现分区操作是字段间提供硬件支持的“分区并行指令”来进行字段见的进/借位。这种方法可以产生最高的性能,但它需要改变处理器的指令体系,但一般存在许多限制(例如,8位字段可能得到支持,但12位的并不能)。

AMD/Cyrix/Intel MMX, Digital MAX, HP MAX和 Sun VIS都实现分区指令限制版本。不幸的是,这些不同的指令集扩展有不同的限制,使得他们之间的算法有些不简便。例如,分析下面的采样分区操作:

指令 AMD/Cyrix/Intel MMX DEC MAX HP MAX Sun VIS

+---------------------+---------------------+---------+--------+---------+

| 绝对差别 | | 8 | | 8 |

+---------------------+---------------------+---------+--------+---------+

| 相融最大值 | | 8, 16 | | | +---------------------+---------------------+---------+--------+---------+

| 比较 | 8, 16, 32 | | | 16, 32 | +---------------------+---------------------+---------+--------+---------+

| 相乘 | 16 | | | 8x16 | +---------------------+---------------------+---------+--------+---------+

冲压模具专业词汇中英文翻译

Counter bored hole 沉孔 Chamfer 倒斜角 Fillet 倒圆角 padding block垫块 stepping bar垫条 upper die base上模座 lower die base下模座 upper supporting blank上承板 upper padding plate blank上垫板 spare dies模具备品 spring 弹簧 bolt螺栓 document folder活页夹 file folder资料夹 to put file in order整理资料 spare tools location手工备品仓 first count初盘人 first check初盘复棹人 second count 复盘人 second check复盘复核人 equipment设备 waste materials废料 work in progress product在制品 casing = containerization装箱 quantity of physical inventory second count 复盘点数量 Quantity of customs count 会计师盘,点数量 the first page第一联 filed by accounting department for reference会计部存查 end-user/using unit(department)使用单位 Summary of year-end physical inventory bills 年终盘点截止单据汇总表 bill name单据名称 This sheet and physical inventory list will be sent to accounting department together (Those of NHK will be sent to financial department) 本表请与盘点清册一起送会计部-(NHK厂区送财会部) Application status records of year-end physical inventory List and physical inventory card 年终盘点卡与清册使用-状况明细表 blank and waste sheet NO. 空白与作废单号

英文文献及中文翻译

毕业设计说明书 英文文献及中文翻译 学院:专 2011年6月 电子与计算机科学技术软件工程

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自动化外文翻译

景德镇陶瓷学院 毕业设计(论文)有关外文翻 译 院系:机械电子工程学院 专业:自动化 姓名:肖骞 学号: 201010320116 指导教师:万军 完成时间: 2014.5.8 说明

1、将与课题有关的专业外文翻译成中文是毕业设计(论文)中的一个不可缺少的环节。此环节是培养学生阅读专业外文和检验学生专业外文阅读能力的一个重要环节。通过此环节进一步提高学生阅读专业外文的能力以及使用外文资料为毕业设计服务,并为今后科研工作打下扎实的基础。 2、要求学生查阅与课题相关的外文文献3篇以上作为课题参考文献,并将其中1篇(不少于3000字)的外文翻译成中文。中文的排版按后面格式进行填写。外文内容是否与课题有关由指导教师把关,外文原文附在后面。 3、指导教师应将此外文翻译格式文件电子版拷给所指导的学生,统一按照此排版格式进行填写,完成后打印出来。 4、请将封面、译文与外文原文装订成册。 5、此环节在开题后毕业设计完成前完成。 6、指导教师应从查阅的外文文献与课题紧密相关性、翻译的准确性、是否通顺以及格式是否规范等方面去进行评价。 指导教师评语: 签名: 年月日

TMS320LF2407, TMS320LF2406, TMS320LF2402 TMS320LC2406, TMS320LC2404, MS320LC2402 DSP CONTROLLERS The TMS320LF240x and TMS320LC240x devices, new members of the ‘24x family of digital signal processor (DSP) controllers, are part of the C2000 platform of fixed-point DSPs. The ‘240x devices offer the enhanced TMS320 architectural design of the ‘C2xx core CPU for low-cost, low-power, high-performance processing capabilities. Several advanced peripherals, optimized for digital motor and motion control applications, have been integrated to provide a true single chip DSP controller. While code-compatible with the existing ‘24x DSP controller devices, the ‘240x offers increased processing performance (30 MIPS) and a higher level of peripheral integration. See the TMS320x240x device summary section for device-specific features. The ‘240x family offers an array of memory sizes and different peripherals tailored to meet the specific price/performance points required by various applications. Flash-based devices of up to 32K words offer a reprogrammable solution useful for: ◆Applications requiring field programmability upgrades. ◆Development and initial prototyping of applications that migrate to ROM-based devices. Flash devices and corresponding ROM devices are fully pin-to-pin compatible. Note that flash-based devices contain a 256-word boot ROM to facilitate in-circuit programming. All ‘240x devices offer at least one event manager module which has been optimized for digital motor control and power conversion applications. Capabilities of this module include centered- and/or edge-aligned PWM generation, programmable deadband to prevent shoot-through faults, and synchronized analog-to-digital conversion. Devices with dual event managers enable multiple motor and/or converter

机械专业外文翻译(中英文翻译)

外文翻译 英文原文 Belt Conveying Systems Development of driving system Among the methods of material conveying employed,belt conveyors play a very important part in the reliable carrying of material over long distances at competitive cost.Conveyor systems have become larger and more complex and drive systems have also been going through a process of evolution and will continue to do so.Nowadays,bigger belts require more power and have brought the need for larger individual drives as well as multiple drives such as 3 drives of 750 kW for one belt(this is the case for the conveyor drives in Chengzhuang Mine).The ability to control drive acceleration torque is critical to belt conveyors’performance.An efficient drive system should be able to provide smooth,soft starts while maintaining belt tensions within the specified safe limits.For load sharing on multiple drives.torque and speed control are also important considerations in the drive system’s design. Due to the advances in conveyor drive control technology,at present many more reliable.Cost-effective and performance-driven conveyor drive systems covering a wide range of power are available for customers’ choices[1]. 1 Analysis on conveyor drive technologies 1.1 Direct drives Full-voltage starters.With a full-voltage starter design,the conveyor head shaft is direct-coupled to the motor through the gear drive.Direct full-voltage starters are adequate for relatively low-power, simple-profile conveyors.With direct fu11-voltage starters.no control is provided for various conveyor loads and.depending on the ratio between fu11-and no-1oad power requirements,empty starting times can be three or four times faster than full load.The maintenance-free starting system is simple,low-cost and very reliable.However, they cannot control starting torque and maximum stall torque;therefore.they are

机械专业术语英文翻译

陶瓷 ceramics 合成纤维 synthetic fibre 电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion 车架 automotive chassis 悬架 suspension 转向器 redirector 变速器 speed changer 板料冲压 sheet metal parts 孔加工 spot facing machining 车间 workshop 工程技术人员 engineer 气动夹紧 pneuma lock 数学模型 mathematical model 画法几何 descriptive geometry 机械制图 Mechanical drawing 投影 projection 视图 view 剖视图 profile chart 标准件 standard component 零件图 part drawing 装配图 assembly drawing 尺寸标注 size marking

技术要求 technical requirements 刚度 rigidity 内力 internal force 位移 displacement 截面 section 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 断裂 fracture 塑性变形 plastic distortion 脆性材料 brittleness material 刚度准则 rigidity criterion 垫圈 washer 垫片 spacer 直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear 直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear 运动简图 kinematic sketch 齿轮齿条 pinion and rack 蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear 虚约束 passive constraint 曲柄 crank 摇杆 racker 凸轮 cams

步进电机及单片机英文文献及翻译

外文文献: Knowledge of the stepper motor What is a stepper motor: Stepper motor is a kind of electrical pulses into angular displacement of the implementing agency. Popular little lesson: When the driver receives a step pulse signal, it will drive a stepper motor to set the direction of rotation at a fixed angle (and the step angle). You can control the number of pulses to control the angular displacement, so as to achieve accurate positioning purposes; the same time you can control the pulse frequency to control the motor rotation speed and acceleration, to achieve speed control purposes. What kinds of stepper motor sub-: In three stepper motors: permanent magnet (PM), reactive (VR) and hybrid (HB) permanent magnet stepper usually two-phase, torque, and smaller, step angle of 7.5 degrees or the general 15 degrees; reaction step is generally three-phase, can achieve high torque output, step angle of 1.5 degrees is generally, but the noise and vibration are large. 80 countries in Europe and America have been eliminated; hybrid stepper is a mix of permanent magnet and reactive advantages. It consists of two phases and the five-phase: two-phase step angle of 1.8 degrees while the general five-phase step angle of 0.72 degrees generally. The most widely used Stepper Motor. What is to keep the torque (HOLDING TORQUE) How much precision stepper motor? Whether the cumulative: The general accuracy of the stepper motor step angle of 3-5%, and not cumulative.

电气工程及其自动化专业_外文文献_英文文献_外文翻译_plc方面

1、 外文原文 A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer Th e si ng le -c hi p m ic ro co mp ut er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pm en t o f t he d ig it al co m pu te r an d th e i n te gr at ed c i rc ui t a rg ua bl y t h e to w m os t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s o f t he 20th c e nt ur y [1]. Th es e t ow ty pe s of ar ch it ec tu re a re fo un d i n s in g le -ch i p m i cr oc om pu te r. So m e em pl oy t he spl i t pr og ra m/da ta m e mo ry o f th e H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re , sh ow n in Fi g.3-5A -1, o th ers fo ll ow t he p h il os op hy , wi del y a da pt ed f or ge n er al -p ur po se co m pu te rs a nd m i cr op ro ce ss o r s, o f ma ki ng n o log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n p r og ra m an d d at a m e mo ry a s i n t he P r in ce to n ar ch ite c tu re , sh ow n i n F ig.3-5A-2. In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e -chi p m ic ro co mp ut er i s c h ar ac te ri ze d b y t h e i nc or po ra ti on o f a ll t he un it s of a co mp uter i n to a s in gl e d ev i ce , as s ho wn in Fi g3-5A -3. Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard type Program memory Data memory CPU Input& Output unit memory CPU Input& Output unit

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