状语及状语从句解析
状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分，它附加在谓语中心语的前面，从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。在英语中，状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分。
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
副词是一种用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。
1.副词一般在句子中做状语.
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好.中的very是程度副词，用来修饰well。very well是修饰speak的程度状语。
2.不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。
I come specially to see you. 我专门来看你.
3.介词短语
Ten years ago, She bega n to live in Dalia n.
十年前，她开始住在大连。
The boy was praised for his bravery.
4.从句作状语
When she was 12 years old, she bega n to live in Dalia n.
If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
5.分词作状语
Havi ng had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper 。
In hibited in one direct ion, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take ano ther.
状语简介
概述
状语与定语相同的地方是，都是前者附加成分；不同的地方是，它是谓语里的附加成分，而定语是主语或宾语里的附加成分.从句子的层次上看，状语是在第二个层次和第三个层次里的成分，有时甚至是更低层次的成分.
状语的构成
状语的构成经常充当状语的有形容词，副词，时间处所名词，能愿动词，指示代词，以及方位短语，介词短语，动宾短语，谓词性联合短语，谓词性偏正短语，谓词性主谓短语等?
含有动量词的数量短语以及重叠式的数量短语（不论动量，物量）也可以充当状语?
此外,少数名词带上表比况的助词也可以作状语?
状语的书面标志一一”地”
状语的书面标志是结构助词"地".状语后面带或者是不带"地"，情况比较复杂?一般讲来，数量短语，主谓短语，动宾短语等作状语时，大都带"地”;而介词短语，方位短语，能愿动词，时间处所名词作状语时不能带哋"，副词，单音节形容词作状语一般也不带"地".
多层状语
如果一个中心语前面有好几个状语（多层状语），那就应当注意它们的语序.多层状语的状语个数一般比多层定语的定语个数要少些，其语序也比多层定语的语序要灵活一些?
多层状语的一般语序：
a.表时间的名词或方位短语，介词短语；
b.副词.
c?表处所的介词短语或名词，方位短语；
d.表情态的形容词或谓词短语；
e.表对象的介词短语.
其中副词的位置较为灵活，也可放置在第三项之后.
一般状语和句首状语
状语在句子中有两种位置：一种是在主语之后，谓语中心之前，如上文所举各例，这是状语的一般位置；另一种是放在主语的前面的，这是状语的特殊位置，这种状语可称"句首状语".
状语的分类
状语按其修饰的功能不同可分为八大类：
时间状语，地点状语，条件状语，原因状语，目的状语，结果状语，让步状语和比较状语
时间状语从句
要点：时间状语从句，由以下连词引导：
when , while , as, after , before , as soon as , since , till /until by the time 在时间状语从句
中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。
1.when当.....的时候
Mozart started writi ng music whe n he was four years old.
2.while 当.....时
He visited a lot of places while he was traveli ng.
3.as 在.....的同时；一边....一边.....
He smiled as he stood up.
4.after 在....之后
He left the classroom after he had fini shed his homework the other day.
5.before 在... 之前
Mr. Brow n had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.
6.as soon as 一.....就（scarcely/hardly...when,no sooner than,the
mi nute/mome nt,on/upo n, directly 等等）
We bega n to work as soon as we got there.
I will write to you as soon as I get home.
7.si nee 自... 以来到现在
表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前（说话时间）为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.
（还可以用作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago（自三年前以来）表示。）
8 till /un til
都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。
They walked till /un til it was dark.
Xiao Ming didn ' t leave home till / until his father came back.
9. by the time 到 .... 为止（所在句子的主句应用现在或过去完成时）
By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.
By the time I got to school, the class had already began.
一.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如：
When you thi nk you know nothing, the n you beg in to know someth ing. 当你以为自己
一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
When truth is buried un der the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everythi ng with it. 当真理被埋在地下的时候，
它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim. 我游泳的时候，请你照看一下我的衣
服。
You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的
时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。
Our headmaster laughed as she spoke. 我们的校长边谈边笑。
a .when, while 和as 的区别
when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有
时表示"就在那时”。When she came in, I was eat in g.（瞬时动词）When I lived in the coun tryside, I used to carry some water for him. （延续性的动词）
While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如：
While my wife was readi ng the n ewspaper, I was watch ing TV. （was readi ng 是延续性
的动词，was reading 禾口was watching 同时发生）
I like play ing football while you like play ing basketball. （对比）
b,As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动
作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如：We always sing as we walk. （as表示“一边.. 一边”）As we was going out, it began to snow. （as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后
发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
c,as whe n while 的辨析
as when while 都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下：
表示“一边。。。一边"的意思
as强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时
用于发生时间较段时
d when
1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前"或"之后"发生。
2、when=and then; at that moment （正在那个时候）
3、常用于常见搭配中
e while
1、用于时间较长时
2、强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时
有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。
lt was raining hard when （as） I got there.（动作同时发生，when 可换为as,但不能换
为while，因为get是点动词.）
When I had read the article, he called me.（从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when ）
When I got to the cin ema, the film had begu n.（从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态）
He was about to leave, whe n the teleph one ran g.（此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达“正在” “即将”.
while, as不能代替
She thought I was talk ing about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talk ing about my daughter.（表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它）
While the alie n was buying a souve nir, the girl called the police.（表示主句，从句的动作同时发生，while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词，因为它表示较长时间）Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as （when/ while） father was away.（此时
as ,when, while 可通用）
二.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。
注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，
有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用
现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before弓I导的从句相反。例如：
It will be four days before they come back.
Ein stei n almost kno cked me dow n before he saw me.
My father had left for Can ada just before the letter arrived.
They had not bee n married four mon ths before they were divorced. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.
After we had fin ished the work, we went home. （从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）
三.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。
till和until 一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：
如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动
词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：
I did n't go to bed un til （till）my father came back. 直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
It was not un til the meeti ng was over that he bega n to teach me En glish. 直至U散会之后他才开始教我英语。
I worked un til he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。
I did n't work un til he came back. 他回来我这才开始工作。
Please wait un til I arrived. 在我到达之前请等我。
四.由since引导的时间状语从句。
since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句
的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
I have bee n in Beiji ng since you left.
Where have you bee n since I last saw you?
It is four years since my sister lived in Beiji ng. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。
It is five mon ths since our boss was in Beiji ng. 我们老板离开北京有五个月了。
五知识扩展
1.It is since从。。。以来多长时间了（因为since +从句或名词，表示一段时间）It is five years si nee we met last time. 从我们上次见面已经五年了。
2.It is +before …（。。。才）
It was a long time before I went to sleep again.
It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived.
3.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如：
I will go there directly I have fi ni shed my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
The mome nt I heard the n ews, I haste ned to the spot. 我一听至叶肖息，马上赶至U了出事地点。
As soon as I reach Can ada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。
【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely) …when / before, no sooner …than 相当于as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely 和no sooner位
于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：
He had no sooner arrived home tha n he was asked to start on ano ther journ ey. 他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to comme nee work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。
Hardly had I sat dow n whe n he stepped in. 我刚坐下，他就进来了。
He had hardly falle n asleep whe n he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 这个阿拉伯人冈U 要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。
六.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。
注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如：
By the time you came back, I had fini shed this book. 到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have fini shed this work. 你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。
七由each time, every time 和whenever引导的时间状语从句。例如：
Each time he came to Harbi n, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。
When ever that man says “ To tell the truth ” , I suspect that he's about to tell a lie. 每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。
You grow youn ger every time I see you. 每次遇至M尔，见你更年轻了。
八.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久... 就
多久”。例如：
You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark. 你可以随意到哪里
去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。
I will fight aga inst these con diti ons as long as there is a breath in my body! 只要我一息尚存，我就要反对这种境况。
地点状语从句
一地点状语从句（adverbial clause of place）
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，
要点：由连词where禾口复合关系词wherever （=no matter where ）引导.
例如：
句型1: Where+地点从句，（there）+主句。
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. 在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困
难的，或根本不可能的。
They were good pers ons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。
You should have put the book where you fou nd it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated. 哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。
句型2：Any where/ wherever+ 地点从句，+主句。
【注意】any where本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, any where 引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever 本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seame n. 有海就有海员。
二知识扩展
1.Where there is a will , there is a way.
有志者事竟成。（谚语）
1.It will be mixed school where not all the childre n are disabled.
他将是一所混合式学校，那里的儿童并不都是残疾。（在限定性定语从句中对先行词起着限定作用。）
2.Wherever you go , I go too.
无论你到什么地方，我都去。(wherever= no matter where) 无论何处，多用于句首。
3.Wherever there is smoke , there is fire.
无风不起浪。(谚语)
4.While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.
疑问副词where后跟不定式，构成不定式短语.
条件状语从句
要点：表示状语从句由连词if, unl ess (=if not) 意思为除非引导。(让步)
1.If it doesn ' t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足.
2.You will get good grades if you study hard.
如果你努力学习，就会取得好成绩.
3.1 won't/ will not go to the party unl ess he goes there too.
我不会去参加聚会的，除非他也去.(如果他不去，我也不去.)
4.You will be late unl ess you leave immediately.
如果你不马上走，你将会迟到的.(=If you don ' t leave immediately, you will be late.)
难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用，般现在时.
lHe will not leave if it isn ' t fine tomorrow.
一般将来时，一般现在时
lThey are going to have a picnic if it doesn ' t rain next week.
一般将来时，一般现在时
原因状语从句
要点：由连词because, si nee, as 引导，也可由for, now that 等词引导
目的、结果状语从句
要点：目的状语从句由连词that, so that, so …that , in order that 引导。
结果状语从句由连词（so ）that, so…that, such…that, so much/many …that引导。
1.so…that如此…以至于
2.so that 以至于，以便于
I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.（目的）
我把窗户打开以便于使新鲜空气可以进来。
3.such…that如此。。。以至
It' s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.
天气是如此的好，我们大家都想去公园玩。
4.in order that=so that: 为了
We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arran geme nts.
不久我们将会让你知道详情，以便你们能够做出安排。（目的）
5.比较：so 禾口such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用，
形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many / few flowers such n ice flowers
so much / little mon ey. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of虽相当于many，但a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。
The boy is so young that he can ' t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can ' t go to school
难点
+形容词或副词
+形+a(a n)+单数可数名词
so +many 或few+复数可数名词+that
+much或little+不可数名词
so that ,such…that都可以in order that两者皆可引导目的地状语从句和结果状语从句，
当他们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would
等次。
so +adj或adv.+ that，such +n.+ that 以上两种句型都表示结果，其中so为副词，后接
形容词，副词原型，当可数名词前有many, few ;不可数名词前有much, little修饰时，应采
用句型：so many (few, much, little )+n. 。such为形容词，后只能接名词。这名词既可以地可数的，也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数的，则必须在名词前加不定冠词a(an).常
见的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.
1。I' ve had so many falls that I ' m black and blue all over.
2。there are so few notebooks that I can ' t give you any.
3。It is such nice weather that I ' d like to take a walk.
4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.
(=Mike is such an hon est man that we all believe him.)
5。The weather is so nice that I ' d like to take a walk.
让步状语从句
要点：表示让步的状语从句由连词though, although引导.
难点：
though, although 当虽然讲，都不能和but连用.Although,(though) …but的格式是不对的.但是他们都可以同yet (still)连用.所以thought (although)…yet(still)的格式是正确的.
Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.
Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐.
although, though 辨析
although不能though那样用作副词，放在句末表示强调时要用even though.
1。He is looking fit, though.
2。Even though I did not understand a word, I kept smiling.
3。He is quite experieneed, he is young, though.
2） as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
=Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
【注意】a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he n ever seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
=Though he tries hard, he n ever seems …
虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
e ever if, even though. 即使
We ' ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
d whether…or- 不管....... 都
Whether you believe it or no t, it is true.
e "no matter +疑问词”或”疑问词+后缀ever"
No matter what happe ned, he would not mind.
Whatever happe ned, he would not mind.
替换：no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter whe n = whe never
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意：no matter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。（Whatever you say 是主语从句）
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they ' re given,
（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they ' re given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。比较状语从句
要点：比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。
原级
1.as …as 和。。。一样
Jack is as tall as Bob.
捷克和汤姆一样高。
2.not so（as）…as…和不一样
She is not so（as）outgo ing as her sister.
她不如她姐姐外向。
比较级
more …than （更）
This book is more in structive tha n that one.
这本书比那本书由教育意义。
最高级
1.The most …in/of
This book is the most in terest ing of the three.
这本书是三本中最有趣的。
2.the + 形容词+est …of/in
This road is the busiest street in our city.
知识扩展
no more than 只不过（嫌少的意思）
1。I have no more than two pens.
2。 It' s no more than a mile to the shops.
not more than 不如。。。；(前者不如后者)
1。Jack is not more diligent than John.
2。one of the + 名词(复数)….之一(用于最高级)
She is one of the best stude nts in our school.
方式状语从句
1)方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…,as if, as though 引导。
as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位
于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：
1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.
2。As water is to fish, so air is to man.
3。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our min ds.
2)as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作”仿佛……似的”，”好像……似的"，例如：
1。They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
2。He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
［说明］as if / as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：
1。He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
2。He cleared his throat as if to say something.
3。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in an ger.
(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—状语从句的分类汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．You will never gain success ______ you fully put your effort into your work. A．although B．unless C．if D．because 2．— Can you tell me when you are going to arrive there? —I’m not sure. But I’ll ring you up as soon as I _____there tomorrow. A．arrive B．arrived C．will arrive D．am going to arrive 3．Jenny often eats a lot of fruit and vegetables_______she knows they are good for health. A．because B．but C．or 4．Li Lei didn’t go to bed his mother came back last night. A．after B．until C．because 5．I still have difficulty ________the article________ there are few new words in it. A．to understand; because B．understand ; though C．understanding ; if D．understanding ; though 6．I don’t like nuts ________ they are too hard. A．if B．after C．when D．because 7．The little girl is crying，she can’t find her parents. A．and B．but C．so D．because 8．—I’m afraid I can’t finish the job in such a short time. —Don’t worry. Can you do it if you_______ two more hours.? A．give B．are given C．will give D．will be given 9．______ we have different opinions from time to time, we are still good friends. A．Until B．After C．Because D．Though 10．—Mum, will our trip be cancelled? —No, we won’t put it off________there is a natural disaster. A．if B．whether C．unless D．when 11．—Do you think if I am suitable for this IT job? —You can’t get the job________ you have experience in the computer industry. A．if B．unless C．because D．since 12．You will never get anywhere you set a goal. So whatever we do, we should first have a goal. A．unless B．because C．though 13．________ they are sisters, they don’t look the same. A．Though B．Because C．But 14．Joan was walking in the street________ she saw the accident. A．when B．while C．after D．before 15．Now most families have only o ne child _____ our country’s one-child policy. A．so B．because C．because for D．because of
语法 状语从句讲解
语法状语从句 由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或就是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。 第一讲时间, 地点状语从句 时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since , whenever until, till, by the time(注意时态) as soon as, had hardly…when, had no sooner…than,(on doing sth…) the moment, every time/ each time, the first time, once e、g: When he came, I had cleaned the classroom、 He didn’t stop working until his mother came bake、 He worked until his mother came back、 As soon as he returned, he bought a new flat、 He had no sooner returned than he bought a new flat He came to scene the moment he heard the news、 I thought her nice and honest the first time I met him、 Once he makes up your mind, he won’t change his mind、 It was two years before I met him again、= Two years passed before I met him again、注意点1、when引导的从句动词可以就是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须就是延续性的; while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,表示“而”、“却”。 When I got home I found the door locked、 While(或When)we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain、 His pencil is red, while mine is yellow、 2、till与until not…until/till 解释为直到…才…主句动词一般就是短暂性的 …till/until… 解释为直到…为止主句动词一般就是延续性的一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。 He worked until it was dark、 He didn’t stop working until it was dark、 Until it stops raining,the children can’t go out、 ＝Not until the rain stops can the children go out、 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词就是where 与wherever等。 I ll go wherever the people want me to go、(wherever＝to any place where) He works where his grandfather fought、(where＝in the place where) You must stay where you are、= You must stay in the place where you are、 Wherever you go, I go too、 Where there is water, there is life、(那儿有… 那儿就有… Where there is a will, there is a way、) 圈出其中的从句并翻译: 1.Whenever it is his turn to speak, he gets nervous、 2.Every time he comes, he always tells us something interesting、 3.When I get the news, I will let you know as soon as possible、 4.Once he makes a promise, he will never break it、 5.I had no sooner run into the school gate than I heard the bell for class、 6.I found the lost watch under a desk after the children had left for home、 7.He had to be called two or three times before he came down to dinner、 8.We didn’t notice anything wrong with the washer until we started using it、 9.The hunter made mark on the tree where he stops、 10.Wherever he is, he will find time to do some reading、
状语从句讲解及练习
状语从句 在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词，状语 说白了就是修饰动作的词或句，也可以理解成修饰谓语的词或句。通常由副词、介词短语、 动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如： 1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. (副词 ) 2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset. (介词状短语 ) 3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day. (不定式 ) 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. (过去分词 ) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough 用作状语修饰形容词和副词时 必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法 相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词 和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词： when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词： the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ， the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner ? than, hardly ? when, scarcely ? when I didn ’ t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV , his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard( 果园 ) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. When , while, as 都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。 1) When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest. 注意点： when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be 可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher. 2) As As 除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面``` 一面”，“随着” Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面 ```一面 ) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着) 3) While 表示“当 ``` 的时候” 强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时， 从句动词必须是延续性动词。 Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意点： while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。 eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 1．until, not ? until 表示“直到 ```才” ,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
中考语法专题之状语从句(有答案)
教学内容状语从句 教学目标常考状语从句的用法 状语从句 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句根据它表示的意思的不同可分为时原因、结果、让步、比较（或方式）和条件等类。 一. 掌握原因状语从句： 常用引导词：because（因为）; since（既然）; as（由于） 1. 既然大家都在了，我们开始上课吧 ____________ everybody is here, let’s ___________ our class. t be able to understand what you say, ___________ you speak too quickly. 2. I won’ A. because of B. though C. because D. so 二. 掌握结果状语从句： 常用引导词：so……／so…that…/such…that… 常用句式：(1) …so adj./adv. + that从句 (2) … such + a/an + adj. +可数名词单数+that从句 (3) …such + adj. + 可数名词复数+that从句 (4) …so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数+that从句 1. Durian 是如此的美味，很多人都很想吃。 Durian is __________ __________ __________ many people would like to eat. 2. Kelly 是如此细心的一个女孩，她在作业上几乎不会犯错。 Kelly is __________ __________ _________ girl __________ she hardly makes mistakes in her homework. 注意：※so many/much/few/little 已成固定搭配，不能换成such。 三. 掌握时间状语从句： 常用引导词: before, after, when, while, as, as soon as, since, not…until... 1. Jason __________ you as soon as he __________ home. A. will call; will arrive B. will call; arrived C. will call; arrives D. call; arrives 2. I have been a member of the club __________ I was a high school student. A. before B. after C. until D. since 3. 昨晚，他直到他妈妈回到家才去睡觉。 Last night, he __________ __________ to sleep __________ his mother __________ home. 4. 昨晚，当我妈妈进入我的房间时，我在玩LOL。
英语语法从句讲解
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
高中英语语法_状语从句练习30题及详解
1. Tim is in good shape physically he doesn't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 3. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office． A．since B．that C．when D．until* m John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. when B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since 8. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can’t borrow books from the s chool library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for
(完整版)初中英语语法专题(状语从句)讲解
初中英语语法专题（状语从句）讲解 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before 条件 If, unless 原因 As, because, since 地点 Where 目的 So that, in order that 结果So that, so…that, such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较 t han, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句：
Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用 （=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如： As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。 2．Because,as,since 的区别： Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如： Water is very important because we can't live without it. He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill. I'll do it for you since you are busy.
状语从句语法讲解
咼中英语状语从句 定义: 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句 尾时不用. 分类 根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④ 目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较 状语从句三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是—过去将来时，从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时忆：“主将 ，从句用一般过去时.记从现” (一)引导时间状语从句的连词有：As，whe n (whe never)，before，after，as soo n as，un til (till)，since，every time，once. | （二）、具体应用1）“while ”主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性 动词，常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper， all the lights went out. Please kee p quiet while others are study in g」 While I was writing letters last night，he was watching TV. 2 ）When 表示“就在”的时候"， while 意为反而，可是，表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street，when he sudde niy stopped outside a little house. 3）When ever无论什么时候，随时 1.When ever some one throws in some rubbish，the truck p roduees a pi eee of music. 每当有人扔进一些垃圾时，它（汽车）就放一段音乐 2.When ever we' re in trouble，they will help us. 3.I go to the theatre, whe never I am free. https://www.360docs.net/doc/1114546488.html,e and see me whe never you want to.你随时来看我 4) till和until(表示"直到” ”)句首多用until | 1在肯定句中表示“直到”为止”，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词 I was wait ing un til/till he arrived. 2、在否定句中表示“直到，，才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词，这时until和till常被before 替换. I did n' t leave till/un til she came back. 5) si nee:主句用完成时，从句用一般过去时，si nee引导的从句间或可用现在完成时 It is two years since I have studied En glish. 1.We have known each other si nee we were childre n. 2.We have bee n friends （ever sin ce） since we met at school. 3.It is ”（一段时间）+since+—般过去时态句子 It is two years since my sister married. I
语法知识—状语从句的分类汇编含解析
一、选择题 1．Mr. White tells us the calls meeting will be cancelled if no agreement _________ tomorrow. A．is reached B．will be reached C．is going to be reached D．has been reached 2．I watched the World Cup in a bar last night and I home 1:00 in the morning. A．go; until B．went; until C．didn’t go; until D．won’t go; until 3．I still have difficulty ________the article________ there are few new words in it. A．to understand; because B．understand ; though C．understanding ; if D．understanding ; though 4．What does she want to do when she ________some money? A．is going to save B．saves C．will save 5．He offered________valuable suggestions ________ few people disagreed. A．such, that B．very, that C．so, that D．too, that 6．I don’t like nuts ________ they are too hard. A．if B．after C．when D．because 7．______ we have different opinions from time to time, we are still good friends. A．Until B．After C．Because D．Though 8．--- What was the party like? --- Wonderful. It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. A．since B．after C．when D．before 9．— What shall we do now? —__________ it’s raining hard, let’s stay at home. A．So B．Since C．Though D．Otherwise 10．Chinese market is________a big one________you should all come and see what it has to offer. A．so, that B．such, that C．enough, that D．too, to 11．一Mom, I took my partner's math book home by mistake. What should I do? 一Well, you should call her you can say sorry to her. A．as if B．so that C．even though D．ever since 12．________ haburgers are junk food, many children still like them. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 13．—Has Jim known the good news? —Not yet. I will tell him about it ________ he comes back. A．while B．until C．as soon as D．since 14．— What should I do if I ______ behind others in my study? — You are going to work really hard to catch up with them.
英语语法之时间状语从句
时间状语从句常由以下连接词引导：when（当……时），as（一边……一边；当…时），while（在……期间），after（在……之后），before（在……之前），as soon as（一……就），since（自从），till(until)（直到……，直到……才），whenever（任何时候），the moment（一……就），no sooner than（一……就），hardly…when… （一……就）等。由以上连接词（或词组）连接的主从复合句中，主句和从句的动作，有的是同时发生，有的是先后发生。因此，要特别注意根据连接词所代表的时间不同，主句和从句的谓语要使用相应的时态。这是掌握时间状语从句的关键。 1. when 和whenever 引导的从句：从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。例如： When we reached home, it was already dark. 我们到家的时候天已经黑了。 When my cousin came yesterday, I was playing volleyball. 昨天我表哥来时，我正在打排球。 When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的时候，我坐车去学校。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。（主从句都表示将来发生的动作，但要注意从句中要用一般现在时，表示将来。） Come to see us whenever you can.你什么时候有空，就过来看看我们。 2. while 和as 引导的从句：while表示“当…过程中”，强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同时发生。as表示“当…时”或 “一边…一边”，主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如： Work while you work; play while you play. 该工作的时候就工作，该玩的时候就玩。 While he is reading, he always makes notes. 他经常一面看书，一面做笔记。 She sings as she goes along.她边走边唱。 You will grow wiser as you grow older. 随着年龄的增长，你会更加聪明起来。 3. before 和after 引导的从句：前者一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。后者表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如： I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。 I had written my report before my mother came back.
高考英语必考语法专题之状语从句语法详解及强化练习
高考英语语法专题：状语从句解析及练习 状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、地点、比较、方式状语从句。 目录 时间状语从句 (1) 条件状语从句 (3) 让步状语从句 (3) 原因状语从句 (4) 目的状语从句 (5) 结果状语从句 (5) 地点状语从句 (6) 强化练习 (7) 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1．when , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。 1) When后既可以接短暂性动词，也可以接延续性动词，表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生。 When I arrived home , I had a little rest. 2）As 除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着” He sang as he danced.(一面```一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着) 3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。 While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意：while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 2．until, not…until表示“直到`才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中常用短暂性动词。 肯定句：I waited until midnight. 否定句：I did not leave until midnight. 注意点：1）not until…在句首，主句用倒装 Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it. 2) It is not until…that…引导的强调句It was not until it was dark that he came back. 3．Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as表示为“一```就```” I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
高中英语语法---条件状语从句讲解
条件状语从句 概念定义 由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。（注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时态,祈使句或情态动词，从句要用现在时态,[主将从现原则]（主将从现，将并非指将来时，还指表示将来含义的，跟着if后的那句话是从句。） 类型 条件状语从句 语法引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如： 1） If you ask him,he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 2） If you fail in the exam,you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的 if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面 （如果天下雨，我们就不玩了）If it rains,we will stop playing.‘ 转为We will stop playing if it rains. if引导的条件状语从句
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如：If I were you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车，我会到的早一点儿。 那么，除了if之外，是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的，不仅有，还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小，且用法较复杂一些，所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。 1、unless conj.除非，若不，除非在……的时候 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 2、on condition(that)...在……条件下，如果 on condition (that)...引导的条件从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件。 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保密。 You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。 3、supposing conj.如果，假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。 Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨，我们的运动会还要继续举行吗? Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do then?假如出了什么问题，你准备怎么对付?