四六级翻译练习题(全面)

第一篇

文房四宝（the Four Treasures of the Study）是中国古代书画用具的总称，指纸、墨、毛笔与砚台（ink stone）。文房四宝的质量对绘画和书法起着决定性的作用。因此进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些用具的选择。唐宋时期（the Tang and Song Dynasties）的文房四宝因其质量优良与制作精美，为后世学者高度称颂。在某种程度上来说，“文房四宝”是促进中国传统文化发展的一个重要因素。

—词汇难点：

①书画用具 tools for painting and writing

②是…的总称 a general term for…

③毛笔 brush pen

④书法 calligraphy

⑤起着决定性的作用play a decisive/vital role in…

⑥文人 scholar

⑦很注重 attach great/much importance to

⑧为…高度称颂 b e highly praised by…

⑨在某种程度上 to some extent

⑩促进…发展promote the development of…

The Four Treasures of the Study is a general term for a set of tools for painting and writing in ancient China, namely paper, ink, brush pen and ink stone. The quality of the Four Treasures of the Study plays a vital role in one’s painting and calligraphy. Therefore, scholars engaging in traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy attached much importance to the choice of the tools. The products of “the Four Treasures of the Study” elaborately made during the Tang and Song Dynasties are highly praised by later scholars for their superior quality. To some extent, the Four Treasures of the Study is an important factor which has promoted the development of traditional Chinese culture.

“中国梦”是一个新名词，于2012年由习近平主席首次提出。“中国梦”实质上指要实现中华民族的复兴（rejuvenation）,这是最伟大的梦想。具体来说，“中国梦”就是要让国人有更好的教育，更高的收入，更完善的医疗保健和良好的环境。为此，习近平主席呼吁年轻人敢于追求，努力去实现梦想。“中国梦”的提出增强了民族自豪感和民族自信心。

—词汇难点：

①提出 put forward; raise

②实质上 in essence

③中华民族伟大复兴 the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

④具体来说 To be specific; Specifically

⑤医疗保健 medical and health care

⑥呼吁年轻人 call upon young people; appeal to the youth

⑦敢于追求 dare to pursue

⑧实现梦想 fulfill//realize the dream

⑨增强民族自豪感 enhance the sense of national pride

⑩民族自信心 national confidence

?使有资格；给予…的权利entitle sb to…

Chinese Dream is a new term first put forward by President Xi Jinping in 2012. Chinese Dream in essence is to realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which is the biggest dream. Specifically, Chinese Dream is to entitle people to better education, higher incomes, better medical and health care, and better environment. To this end, President Xi Jinping called upon the youth to dare to pursue and work hard to fulfill their dreams. The introduction of Chinese Dream has enhanced the sense of national pride as well as national confidence.

眼下，“土豪”当属中国最热门词汇（buzzword）之一，用来指称那些受教育不多且品味差的富人们。这是中国网友运用聪明才智和创造力为老词汇注入新生命的又一个例子。“土豪”曾指那些有钱有势、剥削农民的地主们。几年前，当中国魔兽（World of Warcraft）玩家用它来指代那些为强大的虚拟武器一掷千金的有钱玩家时，它的意思就彻底变了。如今，“土豪”这个词已被引入日常语言中。

?词汇难点

品味差 poor taste

网友 internet user

创造力 creativity

有权有势 rich and powerful

剥削 exploit

地主 landlord

虚拟武器 virtual weapon

一掷千金 spend big money/a considerable amount of money

引入 introduce

日常语言 daily conversation

?One of the hottest buzzwords in China right now is “tuhao”, a term referring to rich people of little education and poor taste. This is another example of Chinese Internet users applying their wisdom and creativity to an aged phrase to give it a new life. The term used to mean rich and powerful landlords who exploited peasants. But a few years ago when Chinese players of the computer game “World of Warcraft” adapted this term to refer to rich players who spend big money on powerful virtual weapons, its meaning changed significantly. Now, this term has been introduced into daily conversation.

清明节（Tomb Sweeping Day）是中国最重要的传统节日之一。它起源于周朝，有2500多年的历史。清明节是中国人扫墓祭祖的重要日子。扫墓时，人们携带酒食果品和纸钱到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，为坟墓添加新土、焚烧纸钱、行礼祭拜、最后吃掉酒食回家。除了扫墓，人们还参与包括荡秋千、放风筝等各种活动。

?词汇难点

起源于 originate from

扫墓 sweep the tombs

是…的重要日子an important occasion for…

祭祖 offer sacrifices to ancestors

纸钱 paper money

新土 fresh soil

行礼祭拜 kneel down in prayer and worship the ancestors

荡秋千 play on a swing

放风筝 fly kites

各种活动 a variety of activities

?The Tomb Sweeping Day is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It originated from the Zhou Dynasty with a history of more than 2, 500 years. The Tomb Sweeping Day is an important occasion for people to sweep the tombs and offer sacrifices to their ancestors. When visiting tombs, people carry wine, food, fruits and paper money. They put the food in front of the tombs, add some fresh soil to the tombs, burn paper money, kneel down in prayer and worship their ancestors, and finally eat up the food and drink the wine before going back home. Apart from sweeping the tombs, people also take part in a variety of activities, such as playing on a swing, flying kites, etc.

为了让人们更好的记住年份，我们的祖先用12只动物来代表年份，即“十二生肖”（Chinese Zodiac）。每一年由一只动物代表，每隔12年进行一个循环，从鼠开始，以猪为结尾。每一种动物还有其独特的文化内涵。例如，牛年出生的人据说“勤奋、冷静、可靠”，虎年出生的人则“强大、勇敢、但又急躁”。十二生肖在亚洲的其他国家，如韩国和日本也很流行。

?词汇难点

祖先 ancestor

代表 represent

循环 come in a circle

从…开始，以…结尾begin with…and end with…

独特的 unique

牛年 the Year of Ox

文化内涵 cultural connotation

勤奋的 hard working

可靠的 reliable

急躁的 impatient

?In order to remember the years more easily, our ancestors used twelv e animals to represent the years, which is called the “Chinese Zodiac”. Every year is represented by an animal and every 12 years comes in a circle beginning with Rat and ending with Pig. Each animal has its unique cultural connotations. For example, a person born in the Year of Ox is said to be hard working, calm, and reliable, while the person born in the Year of Tiger is powerful, brave, and impatient. The Chinese Zodiac remains popular as well in other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan.

西湖是中国最著名的旅游景点之一。它位于浙江省省会杭州，水域面积约6平方公里。几个世纪以来，西湖一直以其秀美风景和文化古迹而闻名于世。西湖三面环山，一面临城，春夏秋冬各有特色，将自然、历史、艺术巧妙的融合在一起。每年西湖都会吸引上千万的游客到杭州观光旅游，杭州也因其自身的魅力被称之为“人间天堂”。

?词汇难点

旅游景点 tourist attraction; scenic spot

省会 provincial capital

水域面积 water area

秀美风景 beautiful landscape//scenery

文化古迹 cultural heritages

三面环山 surrounded by mountains on three sides

特色 unique feature; distinctive characteristic

把…巧妙的融合在一起combine…skillfully

上千万的 tens of millions of

魅力 charm

人间天堂 paradise on earth

The West Lake is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China. Located in Hangzhou, provincial capital of Zhejiang Province, it covers a water area of around 6 square kilometers. For centuries, it has been well-known for both its beautiful landscape and cultural heritages. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides and the remaining side is connected with the city. It has its unique features in different seasons, combining skillfully nature, history and art. Every year, the West Lake attracts tens of millions of visitors to Hangzhou, which is known as “paradise on earth” because of its charm.

在中国，筷子是主要的餐具（tableware）。中国小孩最初是使用汤勺，但在他们一岁的时候就可以适用使用筷子。作为一份礼物，筷子就如他们的外形一样象征着爽直。中国的筷子没有尖尖的顶端，大部分中式筷子是用竹子制成的，当然也可以看到木筷子和塑料筷子。西方人用餐时一般用餐刀、餐叉。有些西方人可能非常会用筷子，但大多数人则不会。所以，在中国为西方客人摆餐具时，筷子旁边再摆上刀叉是很明智的做法。

?词汇难点

主要的餐具 main tableware

最初At first,…// initially// start with

适用adapt to…// get accustomed to sth (doing sth)象征着爽直 symbolize straightforwardness

尖的/圆的/方的 pointed/ round/ square shaped

用竹子/塑料制成 be made of bamboo/plastic

餐刀餐叉 knives and forks

非常会用 be quite good at

摆餐桌 set a table

招待客人 entertain guests

很明智的做法It is advisable to …

?中国汉字是从图画、符号逐渐演变过形成的。中国历代都有大书法家，其书法艺术和风格成为所在朝代书法的典型代表。不同于西方的油画，中国的传统绘画有独特的表现形式。由于最早的绘画和写字均使用同样的工具，并且都是以线条为主，故有“书画同源”之说。中国传统绘画作品一般都有题诗或题字，诗、书、画因而汇合成一个艺术整体，予人以更加丰厚的美学内涵（aesthetic connotation）。人物画、山水画和花鸟画均为传统绘画的重要画种。

词汇难点

1.中国汉字 Chinese characters

2.逐渐演变 evolve from

3.大书法家 great calligraphers (书法 calligraphy)

4.典型代表 a typical example of // be typical of//

symbolize

5.不同于… Different from…

6.有独特的表现形式 be characterized by unique forms of

expression

7.书画同源 painting and calligraphy share the same

origin

8.予人以更加丰富的美学内涵 provide a richer aesthetic

connotation

9.人物画 figure painting 山水画 landscape

painting

花鸟画 flower-and-bird painting 油画 oil painting

Chinese characters evolve from pictures and signs. Every dynasty has its great calligraphers whose styles come to symbolize their age. Different from Western oil painting, traditional Chinese painting is characterized by unique forms of expression. Since similar tools are used to draw the lines of the earliest painting and writing, painting and calligraphy are said to share the same origins. Chinese paintings usually include poetry or calligraphy, thus the three are integrated, providing a richer aesthetic connotation. Figure, landscape, and flower-and-bird paintings are major traditional painting genres.

中国是世界四大文明古国之一，幅员辽阔（vast territory），山河壮丽，物产丰富，历史文化悠久。五千年的人文创造（humanistic creativity）和天工开物造就的自然景观为我们留下了景象骄人、数量繁多的名胜古迹，创造了辉煌的文化艺术。中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋西岸，面积960万平方公里。中国人口约13亿，共有56个民族，是世界上人口最多的国家。青藏高原（The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau）是海拔最高的高原，喜马拉雅山系（Himalayas）是世界上最大的山系，其主峰珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。

词汇难点

1.四大文明古国 four countries of great ancient

civilizations

2.幅员辽阔 vast territory

3.山河壮丽 magnificent mountains and rivers

4.物产丰富 abundant/rich natural resources

5.历史文化悠久 long history and culture

6.壮观的景色 spectacular views

7.数量繁多的名胜古迹 numerous places of interest// scenic

spots and historical sites

8.辉煌灿烂的文明 brilliant//splendid civilization

9.位于 lie in

10.人口最多的国家the world’s most populous

country// …has the large st population in the world ? 11.亚洲东部 in the eastern part of Asia

? 12. 太平洋西岸 the west coast of the Pacific Ocean (大西洋the Atlantic Ocean) ? 13. 面积960万平方公里 with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers

?14. 人口13亿 its population is about 1.3 billion

?15. 五十六个民族 56 nationalities

?16. 海拔最高… has the highest altitude

?17. 主峰 its highest peak

China is one of the world’s four countries of gr eat ancient civilizations, which is magnificent, spectacular with the vast territory, the rich natural resources and long history and culture. Humanistic creativity of five thousand years and the natural landscape created by fantasy things have left us a remarkable picture, numerous scenic spots and historical sites, and created a brilliant culture and arts. China is located in the eastern part of Asia, the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. Its population is about 1.3 billion, with 56 nationalities and it is the world’s most populous country. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has the highest altitude among all the plateaus. The Himalayas is the world’s largest one, and its highest peak, Mount Everest, is the world’s highest mountain.

第十篇

?中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。过去50年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发（the survey and development）方面取得了巨大成就，这位中国经济的持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要的保障。中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家，主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现代化建设（modernization program）的需要。同时中国还积极引进国外资本和技术开发中国矿产资源。中国政府高度重视可是续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略，把保护资源作为可持续发展(sustainable development)战略的重要内容。

词汇难点

?开发利用资源 develop and utilize mineral resources

?取得了巨大成就 make great achievements

?提供了重要保障provide an important guarantee for …

?持续、快速、健康发展sustained, rapid and sound development

?人口众多、资源相对不足 a large population and a relative shortage of resources

?引进国外资本和技术introduce foreign capital and technology

?开发资源 exploit resources

?高度重视attach great importance to…

?把…确定为国家战略make…a national strategy

?把…最为…重要内容make…an important part of…

?China is one of the first countries in the world to develop and utilize mineral resources. Over the past five decades, China has made great achievements in the survey and developments of its mineral resources. This has provided an important guarantee for the sustained, rapid and sound development of Chinese economy. China is a developing country with a large population and a relative shortage of resources. It mainly depends on the exploitation of its own mineral resources to meet the needs of its modernization program. Meanwhile, it has made energetic efforts to introduce foreign capital and technology to exploit its own resources. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to sustainable development and the rational utilization of mineral resources. It has made sustainable development a national strategy and the protection of resources an important part of this strategy.