Gartner Wired and WLAN Magic Quadrant (2014)

Gartner Wired and WLAN Magic Quadrant (2014)
Gartner Wired and WLAN Magic Quadrant (2014)

G0******* Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless

LAN Access Infrastructure

Published: 26 June 2014

Analyst(s): Tim Zimmerman, Andrew Lerner, Bill Menezes

We evaluate a variety of LAN vendors providing converged access layer connectivity. Vendors are increasingly able to provide integrated hardware and network application solutions. Enterprises are expanding how users connect to the infrastructure, and vendors are providing new ways to differentiate.

Market Definition/Description

The access layer market consists of vendors that supply wired and wireless LAN (WLAN) hardware and software components that provide the first connectivity to the infrastructure access layer, from the edge of the enterprise network to the end users or connected devices. The market consists of three types of access layer vendors:

■Those that provide their own wired and wireless infrastructure connectivity, network service applications, and services (such as Cisco, HP Networking, Avaya, Adtran, D-Link, Extreme

Networks and Huawei).

■Those that mainly focus on a specific connectivity option, often offering solutions for one or more vertical markets or deployment solutions that address a unique set of market

requirements (such as Motorola Solutions, Aruba Networks and Aerohive).

■Those that use a strategic partner to provide a portion of the access solution. It is important that these vendors provide differentiating functionality that shows why the vendors collectively

provide a better offer to enterprises, rather than being considered separately (such as Dell,

Juniper and Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise).

Today, the access layer market continues to evolve from two separate decisions, one being wired and the other being wireless, to a single unified access layer decision. Organizations continue to express a desire for a unified wired/WLAN access infrastructure in which the access is user-centric and incorporates location, time/date and duration of the connection, as well as what application the user or device is accessing to determine whether or not it will be allowed. During inquiries, enterprise clients continue to say that they do not want to have to make trade-offs between the security, policy enforcement and management of their wired and wireless access networks. With limited growth in IT resources, administrators require one network management application, one access security solution, one guest access application or one policy enforcement solution with the

flexibility to be deployed in a public cloud, private cloud or on-premises. This integration reduces

the costs associated with the upfront capital expense of multiple network service applications —

each dedicated to either the wired infrastructure or the wireless or cloud components. This savings

is also extended to the ongoing software maintenance costs of all access layer management,

security and policy enforcement components, whether a single vendor implements the entire

solution or the client has a multivendor environment. A single network service application for the

access layer not only reduces operational overhead, but also eliminates the potential for conflicting

policies as users access the network with an increasing number of diverse devices in diverse

enterprise locations.

What's Changed?

During the past 12 months, the access layer market has continued to evolve — including hardware, software and applications that are needed for an end-to-end solution. From a wireless standpoint in the industry, we saw the ratification of the 802.11ac standard and the introduction of 802.11ac

Wave 1 products by vendors in the enterprise (see "Enterprises Should Optimize the Timing of

802.11ac Adoption"). Additionally, several vendors introduced hardware and software to improve

application performance (for example, to adjust the network for latency-sensitive applications while maintaining their aging WLAN controller architectures).

While there has been less overall change on the wired side, vendors made both hardware and

software innovations to improve management and provisioning of wired campus infrastructure,

including support for switch extenders and software-defined networking (and related) technologies.

As vendors increasingly focused on the midmarket and small or midsize businesses (SMBs) for

wireless deployments, we saw them shift from large, one-size-fits-all network service application

suites to line-item applications that provided specific business value, such as guest access, policy

management, onboarding and network management (see "Network Access for Guests or

Contractors Requires More than an Open Network, Coffee Shop Strategy").

Several vendors also made acquisitions around WLAN as well as location-aware functionality, as

location of the user continues to be important to the retail and healthcare vertical markets, but now

also to the hospitality market. In additional to location, we saw the introduction of analytics

applications that looked at not only network data, but also collected and correlated user data as

they attached to the network. In the past year, these applications were deployed to clients not only

as an on-premises application, but also in the cloud, private or public, in single tenant and

multitenant environments.

As a result, we are seeing fewer RFPs from client inquiries focusing on the speeds and feeds of

access layer connectivity as hardware prices continue to decline (see "Forecast: Enterprise Network Equipment by Market Segment, Worldwide, 2011-2018, 1Q14"). Clients often site network

applications and unified access layer management not only as market drivers, but also as key

differentiators when evaluating vendor proposals.

Page 2 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

What's Required in the Wired and Wireless Access Layer?

During the past couple of years, we have seen the increase in total access layer bandwidth that is

the result of the rampant introduction of bring your own device (BYOD) strategies (based on

Gartner's 2013 Data Center Summit survey, as well as 2013 and 2014 wired and WLAN access

infrastructure customer reference surveys). While the amount of bandwidth needed has not

changed per user, the sheer number of devices is causing enterprises to rethink their overall

bandwidth needs, as well as how all these devices will be used and managed.

This trend has exposed two important vendor requirements. First, vendors must provide

connectivity solutions for not only 802.11n, but also 802.11ac Wave 1, as well as a migration path

and road map for 802.11ac Wave 2. Second, BYOD has exposed the suboptimal network service

applications that vendors have been using to meet business requirements, such as guest access

and policy enforcement. There is a growing need to increase the granularity of managing these

devices with primitives that include not only device and user, but also location, duration and time/

date. Additionally, management applications must extend beyond configuration and provisioning to device profiling that can be used to create access layer policies that tune the network. We also

expect the introduction of new primitives and management functionality as the access layer market continues to move toward guaranteed uptime and SLAs, which will spur adoption of complete

managed services offerings at the edge of the network.

Network administrators are looking for network service applications that address wired and wireless clients, including access layer services such as:

■Policy enforcement that provides access to applications and parts of the network based on credentials, as well as context-aware variables, such as location and device profiling. This is

particularly useful in BYOD scenarios.

■Integrated network management that is aware of wired components and is WLAN-vendor-independent for configuration and provisioning.

■Onboarding services, including device authentication and user authorization services for BYOD programs that support many operating systems and device postures.

■Analytics applications that look not only at the network, but also at the end-user data.

■Network forensics tools to determine what is happening across the entire access layer in addition to security functionality.

■Support for voice and video applications by adding features such as reduced jitter, awareness and monitoring of voice and video quality, and fixed mobile convergence capabilities.

■Location-based services, context-oriented services and asset management.

■The ability to provide managed services when additional IT resources are needed.

As vendors continue to expand functionality, they will provide additional information about usage

and traffic to administrators, enabling enterprises to maximize the productivity and ROI of all access layer connectivity.

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 3 of 27

Magic Quadrant

Figure 1. Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure

Source: Gartner (June 2014)

Vendor Strengths and Cautions

Adtran

Adtran has a strong presence in the service provider market and sells its enterprise offering through distribution partners, with an extensive reseller channel that deploys access layer solutions to a

Page 4 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

distributed enterprise market. The vendor has a complete end-to-end access layer solution

represented by its virtual WLAN (vWLAN) and NetVanta products in its Internetworking portfolio.

Adtran continues to leverage a strong VMware relationship, and has recently made a strong push to provide a complete and flexible cloud offering. Target markets include state and local governments, education, healthcare, and the VMware installed base, independent of vertical market.

Adtran should be considered for state and local government, education, and healthcare access

layer opportunities, and also for solutions for distributed enterprises and managed service offerings.

Strengths

■Adtran has a strong, flexible deployment solution and presence in enterprises that have multiple-location branch or remote offices that can be managed centrally with on-premises

management, in a private cloud or through its hosted ProCloud Wi-Fi managed service offering.

■The vendor uniquely offers an a la carte professional services suite to deliver site surveys, installation, maintenance and end-user help desk services from a single vendor.

■Adtran's broad range of NetVanta Ethernet switches addresses a wide range of applications. Its ActivChassis solution satisfies high-density, geographically diverse deployments. Legacy

vertical-market-specific requirements (such as Power Over Ethernet [PoE] over Category 3

[Cat3] cables or even voice-grade copper) are satisfied with its unique ActivReach solution.

Cautions

■The vendor has an extensive North American direct and channel organization, where 71% of its products are sold. Organizations should request references for implementation and service of

applicable Adtran solutions outside of North America.

■Adtran continues to execute well on the core functionality needed in its key enterprise vertical markets, but does not currently provide capabilities in areas of emerging requirements, such as

location awareness and application visibility.

Aerohive

Aerohive continues to grow faster than the overall industry in terms of revenue, with estimated

growth of 47% year over year (see "Market Share: Enterprise Network Equipment by Market

Segment, Worldwide, 4Q13 and 2013"). The vendor, which raised its profile with an initial public

stock offering in 1Q14, remains focused on WLAN which accounts for more than 87% of its

business and wired switching platforms as well as small branch router/VPN devices for a complete

access layer solution.

Aerohive's key differentiator continues to be its distributed intelligence, controllerless architecture

and unified HiveManager network service applications, supporting a cloud- or on-premises-based

single control point for onboarding, monitoring, and managing both the WLAN and wired switches

as a unified network. The vendor's predominant markets continue to be North America and EMEA,

accounting for 89% of revenue, which it serves through a 100% indirect sales force. Enterprises Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 5 of 27

should consider Aerohive for all overlay WLAN deployments, especially in the education, retail and

healthcare sectors.

Strengths

■Aerohive's cooperative control architecture can provide a more competitive total cost of ownership versus legacy controller-based systems, since it eliminates the primary controller

platform as well as the often-required high-availability backup controller.

■Aerohive's HiveManager Online and Mobility Suite provide cloud-based options for enterprise-scale network management, guest management, client onboarding and device management.

Clients report that the context-based visibility, policy enforcement and analytics capabilities

have good user interfaces and ease of use.

■Aerohive customers gave high marks for its experience, including sales, support and performance of the solution. The vendor's solutions are typically the most cost-effective, based

on the bids that Gartner reviews.

Cautions

■Currently, HiveManager manages only Aerohive products, although, when integrated with the Client Management mobile device management (MDM) solution, it can manage multivendor

client status. Multivendor monitoring requires an enterprise to use the Mobility Suite, which

includes Client Management and the ID Manager guest management system.

■Enterprises need to be aware that some applications, such as ID Manager, are currently available only in the cloud, which can limit the deployment options of this functionality.

■Although it is now a public company, Aerohive is still one of the smaller access layer vendors with respect to geographical footprint. Clients outside of North America and Europe should

make sure that their sales and support requirements can be adequately addressed.

Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise

On 6 February 2014, Alcatel-Lucent announced its intent to sell an estimated 85% interest in its

enterprise business to China Huaxin, which has indicated that it plans increased investments in the

enterprise portfolio. These investments potentially include greater development of solutions specific to the education, hospitality, healthcare and other vertical markets, and greater emphasis on the

geographic regions it identifies as high growth. However, like any large corporate transaction, the

deal raises the risk of potential disruption to customers as the newly separated enterprise business

attempts to maintain seamless relationships with other Alcatel-Lucent divisions with which it cross-sells technology into large vertical markets, such as service providers, government, utilities and

transportation. The agreement between China Huaxin and Alcatel-Lucent, which includes 15%

retention of Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise, may mitigate this risk.

Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise continues to target its flagship Converged Campus Network solution

predominantly at midsize and large enterprises, generating just over half of its revenue in EMEA.

Enterprise customers, as well as global service providers and transportation, utilities, energy and

Page 6 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

other public-sector organizations, should consider the vendor for wireless and wired access

infrastructure.

Strengths

■Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise continues to enhance its application-fluent network strategy with unified wired and wireless network access capabilities and network analytics technology via

deep packet inspection and enforcement of application policies at the edge of the network.

■The vendor uses Aruba's ClearPass access management technology to provide a consistent set of BYOD services across both its own and third-party WLAN and wired LAN equipment,

including device provisioning; guest management; device fingerprinting and policy enforcement.

■Alcatel-Lucent offers a mature unified communications/Internet Protocol telephony solution that integrates with its WLAN and wired LAN access products, and its unified management platform.

Cautions

■Customers should vet local support and investment by China Huaxin as more details become available of its specific plans for the Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise business.

■Compared with leading competitive offerings in this research, Alcatel-Lucent has a limited ability to provide management services available as SaaS or a cloud-based product until it

enhances its OmniVista platform for those capabilities in 3Q14.

■Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise's dependence on Aruba's WLAN technology for its access layer solution limits the vendor's ability to structure its offering based on the requirements of markets

that may be a priority for China Huaxin, but not necessarily for Aruba.

Aruba

Aruba focuses primarily on mainstream enterprise wireless, which accounts for more than 85% of

its revenue. Aruba has grown to be the No. 2 WLAN vendor in terms of revenue, and offers a well-

thought-out architecture that supports both pay-as-you-grow pricing and mixing/matching of

components across product lines. Aruba networking gear can be run in either controller or

controllerless mode (branded as Aruba Instant), and can be provisioned via Aruba's new SaaS-

based management offering, Aruba Central, or the vendor's traditional AirWave network

management software. Network service applications are delivered via Aruba's ClearPass software,

which provides guest access, device profiling, posture assessment, onboarding, etc. In addition to

launching Aruba Central's cloud provisioning capability, Aruba has released new 802.11ac access

points, and has added several software features to improve WLAN performance, authentication,

analytics, and security during the past 12 months. Aruba's strong WLAN solution is in a "meet in the channel" model relationship with Juniper Networks and Brocade, and it is also rebranded by

Alcatel-Lucent and Dell. Enterprises should consider Aruba for all WLAN deployments globally, and specifically with their strategic partners as part of an integrated access layer solution.

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 7 of 27

Strengths

■Gartner clients report a high degree of satisfaction with Aruba's ClearPass for onboarding and guest access, which also includes a REST API and integration with leading MDM vendors, such

as Citrix, AirWatch and MobileIron.

■Aruba has a simplified product architecture that allows enterprises flexibility in terms of how they manage, deploy and scale their environments.

■Aruba's ClientMatch technology addresses "sticky client" issues that occur as mobile roaming clients move from one access point to another.

■Aruba has increased its focus on network security, including an intrusion prevention system (IPS), an embedded mobility firewall and established partnerships with leading security vendors,

like Palo Alto Networks.

■ClearPass and AirWave support non-Aruba devices, which simplifies orchestration within multivendor environments.

Cautions

■Aruba's wired portfolio can meet many enterprise use cases, but lacks the brand awareness and hardware/software depth and breadth of its leading competitors. The vendor has less than

a 0.5% share of total 1G port shipments, and derives only 3% to 5% of revenue from wired

switching. As a result, Aruba is not considered a trusted wired switching vendor by most

Gartner clients.

■Since 97% of Aruba's sales are generated by indirect channels, enterprises must verify that resellers/distributors have the ability to support the entire Aruba access layer solution through

verified resources.

■Aruba access points running in Instant mode lack some capabilities of controller-based architectures, and Gartner clients have reported confusion over which mode to run the access

points in.

Avaya

Avaya provides its unified access solution across a global footprint. It has a particular strength in

the U.S. and EMEA regions, with an emphasis on education, healthcare, hospitality and local/state

government verticals. The vendor continues to provide a strong offering across wireless and wired

access technologies, with a marketing perspective that the WLAN is now the primary network

access mechanism in the enterprise. The global Avaya Connect channel program accounts for

about 80% of annual networking sales.

Avaya's Identity Engines application portfolio is the identity and network access control solution,

providing unified multivendor wireless and wired network management. Tools include the Guest

Manager, Access Portal and Client Access to the Secure Enterprise (CASE) Wizard solutions,

enabling fast, self-service guest access. The vendor's updated IP Office Release 9.0 adds single

sign-on based on the SAML protocol for Web-based applications, to unify network and access

Page 8 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

management control. Avaya also differentiates itself with its Diagnostic Server, also called SLAMon, which allows network managers to simulate different traffic types to detect potential problems

before application performance is degraded. The vendor's comprehensive portfolio warrants

consideration in any access layer opportunities in its target markets.

Strengths

■Avaya's extensive unified communications presence provides a strong installed customer base complementary to its unified access business.

■The vendor's new WLAN 9100 802.11n access points are software upgradable to 802.11ac, avoiding the need to change out the radio, as required by other vendors, once the enterprise

migrates to 802.11ac Wave 1.

■Avaya's unified access platform provides application control capabilities supporting guest access and BYOD, by enabling IT managers to enforce application quality of service (QoS) by

prioritizing business apps at the wireless access point, as well as policy controls like

permission, prioritization, throttling and blocking policies specific to more than 1,300 different

apps.

Cautions

■Avaya's managed service portfolio covers overall IT infrastructure, including unified communications, contact center and video, but there is no separate access layer solution for

customers that may not need the additional services.

■Combined Asia/Pacific and Latin America access layer sales remain less than 15% of total revenue, indicating that awareness of Avaya's networking solutions may remain low among

customers in those regions.

■While the vendor continues to invest in its networking portfolio, we see a decline in its enterprise data/access layer sales relative to the market, which it must address in order for

enterprises to consider the solution for long-term strategic investments.

Cisco

Cisco continues to be the largest vendor and market share leader, with a broad product portfolio in

the enterprise wired and wireless infrastructure market. A strong channel, combined with a global

presence, means that the vendor continues to be on the shortlist for all access layer opportunities.

Cisco has a complete line of access layer solutions, including core network service application

functionality in network management, security and policy enforcement for both wired and wireless

enterprise connectivity. The vendor has taken a leadership position with its location-based services as part of its Connected Mobile Experiences (CMX), which enables new applications based on

network analytics to create business relevance in targeted vertical markets. Cisco's ability to

address and deploy in in-store retail, as well as in manufacturing/logistics environments, gives it a

large solution footprint that can be deployed globally. Cisco focuses on the public sector,

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 9 of 27

healthcare, education, hospitality and retail markets. Cisco should be considered for any large

enterprise or midmarket opportunity.

Strengths

■Cisco's "One Policy, One Management, One Network" is a strong marketing message that leverages its Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Prime Network management applications across

wired and wireless access layer components. For many enterprise environments, these

applications, combined with Cisco's wired switching and wireless access points, provide strong

functionality to address enterprise requirements.

■Cisco developments in location services are moving the market and meeting the enterprise need for submeter accuracy for Wi-Fi, without the requirement of supplemental beaconing or a

separate overlay for the location-aware solution.

■Cisco Meraki is a strong solution for midmarket customers seeking cloud-managed solutions.

■Cisco access layer innovation simplifies network operations and management via the Catalyst 6800ia, which connects to Cisco 6500 and 6800 series core switches for management as a

single switch domain. The vendor additionally provides application visibility, investment

protection through access point modularity, and device and network analytics, as well as

EnergyWise and TrustSec.

Cautions

■Enterprises need to be aware that Cisco currently has at least four separate access layer connectivity architectures that are developed by separate development teams, and does not

have a consistent user interface between solutions that often have different functionality for

security, guest, network management and policy enforcement. Whether it is ISE, controller-

based, Meraki cloud-based or the SMB solution, enterprises need to verify the infrastructure

functionality being proposed against their requirements, and whether multiple applications may

require multiple training sessions.

■Cisco ISE, which may be deployed in the enterprise, has a limited ability to deploy and enforce policy to the Meraki cloud-based solution, which may be proposed for branch or remote offices.

The same issue applies in that Cisco Prime is limited in regard to managing Meraki assets.

■Cisco 3602 and 3702 access points with High Density Experience (HDX) technology (such as ClientLink and CleanAir Technology) cannot be used with the Cisco Meraki solution. Similarly,

the Meraki access points cannot be used with other Cisco access layer solutions.

■The vendor tends to present the highest-cost solution, based on list price. It is important that enterprises compare vendor prices for equivalent functionality in order to ensure that the price

is competitive.

Dell

Dell is the No. 4 wired switching vendor and is growing significantly faster than market rates, as

measured via revenue. The vendor's wireless portfolio is derived via an OEM relationship with

Page 10 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

Aruba, which it rebrands as W-Series. The majority of Dell's sales are direct, and the vendor focuses heavily on midmarket enterprise, higher education and public institutions. During the past 12

months, Dell has completely refreshed its wired switching portfolio, including the release of its N-

Series fixed-form factor and C-Series modular switches. Dell should be considered for all access

layer opportunities, particularly in the midmarket.

Strengths

■Dell recently overhauled its campus switching portfolio with N-Series fixed-form factor and C-Series modular switches, which meet the full breadth of enterprise wired use cases and are

energy efficient versus leading competitors.

■Dell has a history of strong support, and its managed service offering allows enterprises to deploy access layer technology without requiring dedicated IT resources.

■The Dell architecture is largely based on open standards and includes the ability to operate in multivendor environments, which can simplify management in heterogeneous networks.

Cautions

■The vendor's weak WLAN growth, as well as its reliance on Aruba for its wireless portfolio, means Dell lacks direction and control over its WLAN portfolio. This could result in an inability to

respond quickly to changing market demands.

■Currently, Dell adds limited differentiating value on top of Aruba's product offering. This reduces the value proposition of acquiring W-Series wireless products from Dell versus Aruba.

■Many organizations in Dell's target market look for turnkey SaaS-based cloud management, but Dell's cloud management capability (Dell Cloud Dedicated) is infrastructure as a service (IaaS)-

based, not SaaS-based, which requires additional operating expenditure.

D-Link

D-Link has a broad portfolio of low-cost wired/WLAN networking hardware. The vendor focuses on the education and SMB markets, and is the leader in both stand-alone access point shipments

(46% share) and 100 Mbps wired port shipments (28% share), with a majority of its business

derived outside the U.S. and Europe. D-Link provides on-premises management via the D-View

platform, which includes guest access to support BYOD. During the past 12 months, D-Link has

added 802.11ac-capable access points, enhanced the capacity of its WLAN controllers, and added integration capability between surveillance cameras and their access network products. SMBs with basic wired/WLAN networking requirements should consider D-Link.

Strengths

■D-Link offers a broad hardware portfolio of wired and WLAN components, which range from 5-port unmanaged Layer 2 Gigabit switch to 8-slot L3 chassis-based switch, as well as 802.11ac

access points.

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 11 of 27

■The vendor automates and simplifies initial network configuration via the D-Link Network Assistant (DNA).

■D-Link executes well in its target markets, and is growing faster than market rates in the WLAN area.

Cautions

■D-Link lacks the mainstream brand reputation as an enterprise-class networking vendor, and seldom comes up in conversations with Gartner clients.

■Many organizations in D-Link's target SMB market look for turnkey SaaS-based cloud management, but D-Link's SaaS capability (CloudCommand, delivered by PowerCloud

Systems) is limited to a small subset of its portfolio, and currently doesn't include any wired

switches or 802.11ac-capable access points.

■D-Link's products lack the enterprise features of leading competitors. Enterprises considering D-Link should validate that the network service applications they require are available and meet

their requirements.

■During the past year, D-Link has lost approximately 10% market share (based on revenue) in the wired networking segment, as the wired access layer market continues to be competitive

and commoditized.

Extreme Networks (Enterasys Networks)

Extreme Networks returns to this Magic Quadrant after a one-year hiatus. The acquisition of

Enterasys Networks in November 2013, which included the IdentiFi Wireless portfolio of access

points and network service applications, in addition to Extreme's own product portfolio, allows the

vendor to meet the inclusion criteria. The acquisition has doubled Extreme's revenue, and has

allowed the vendor to focus investments where it can further differentiate products (R&D) and/or

where a significant need existed (marketing). While it is a positive move, the next six to 12 months

will be crucial, as Extreme must execute on its integration strategy while maintaining the combined

revenue stream. Extreme provides a broad portfolio of wired and wireless products that can meet a wide range of needs, from SMBs to service providers. In addition to acquiring Enterasys, during the past 12 months, Extreme has released several new products, including 802.11ac-capable access

points, stackable X430 wired switches and the Purview analytics application, and has enhanced its

NetSight centralized management platform. Consider Extreme for "greenfield" access networking

opportunities, as well as when refreshing existing installations.

Strengths

■Extreme's NetSight is a single console that provides centralized management, onboarding, guest access and analytics, and integrates with leading MDM providers (such as AirWatch and

MobileIron). NetSight includes management of the full wired and wireless portfolio, and

supports non-Extreme products as well.

Page 12 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

■To eliminate the need to upgrade to PoE+ for higher-performing access points — and, therefore, the need to also upgrade the access layer switches — Extreme was one of the first

vendors to deliver a 3x3 802.11ac access point that can operate in an 802.3af power budget.

■Extreme's Purview analytics engine software provides insight into who is on the network, what applications they are accessing, where they are located and what devices they are on.

Cautions

■Extreme lacks a SaaS-based management option for its networking products, which several leading competitors have implemented.

■While the vendor has increased marketing efforts over the past 12 months, and there has been an increase in client inquiries, it lacks brand awareness among Gartner clients (versus leading

competitors), and consequently does not show up as often on client shortlists.

■While Extreme continues to expand its channel organization, enterprises should work with resellers to ensure that it can provide the necessary level of support in their specific

geographies or markets.

HP Networking

HP Networking has global distribution with a strong presence in China through its wholly owned

subsidiary, H3C Technologies. The vendor continues to win customers in the education, healthcare, hospitality and state/local government segments, reflecting its strong global sales channel that

accounts for about 90% of its networking revenue.

HP Networking's FlexCampus and FlexBranch architectures provide a comprehensive wired and

wireless solution encompassing unified management of multivendor networks, and integrated

network security and policy enforcement, scalable for large enterprise deployments. The vendor

continues to enhance the solutions with new elements, such as the HP Cloud Managed Network

Solution, enabling multisite management of the vendor's 802.11n and 802.11ac access points, and

innovations such as an 802.11ac unified wall jack and a dual-band, single-radio 802.11a/b/g/n/ac

access point. Large enterprises and SMBs globally should consider HP Networking in network

evaluations of all sizes.

Strengths

■HP Networking has a complete enterprise campus and branch portfolio with broad global reach for multinational enterprises.

■HP Networking provides integrated network and BYOD management that enables device onboarding, provisioning, monitoring, policy enforcement and device security.

■The vendor's hosted cloud-managed offering provides redundancy and global reach by leveraging more than one cloud provider to provide enterprise, WAN and cloud solutions.

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 13 of 27

■HP Networking has announced a location-aware software-defined networking application that leverages patented HP Labs technologies to provide deterministic real-time location of wireless

devices and assets on the network.

Cautions

■HP Networking has the ability to deploy a controllerless solution through its HP 830 Unified Wired-WLAN Switch Series. However, this solution is designed primarily for SMB and enterprise

branch offices, and may not scale to support very large enterprise campus environments.

Enterprises need to evaluate the scalability requirements of their networks.

■While the HP Intelligent Management Center (IMC) application brings benefits as single-pane-of-glass management for network management, guest access, policy enforcement, etc.,

enterprises and SMBs need to be aware of pricing options and server requirements, which may

be an issue in competitive environments.

Huawei

Huawei's Enterprise Business Group (EBG) is a global solution provider that has a strong presence

in the Asia/Pacific region, including Japan, Russia and India, as well as China, where 72% of its

access layer revenue was deployed last year. Huawei's EBG targets healthcare, education, financial services and the public sector/government.

The vendor's agile network solution offers its vision of end-to-end campus networking. With its

strong carrier heritage, we traditionally see Huawei in the data center or core of large enterprises,

but its access layer products and network service applications show its focus on the access layer.

Huawei should be considered for service providers, as well as for enterprise access layer

opportunities where it has a geographical presence.

Strengths

■Huawei has invested in the ability to detect and maintain network quality awareness and accurately locate network problems across the entire access layer with its Packet Conservation

Algorithm for Internet (iPCA), resulting in the ability to quickly resolve network issues.

■Huawei has implemented a soft radio technology in its access points that allows them to be converted from 2.4GHz to 5GHz to allow a single radio to service either band. This capability

allows enterprises to implement wireless bridging only when needed, and provides capital

expenditure savings. The soft configuration of the radio can also be applied to high-transaction

dense environments.

■Huawei has made significant improvements in wired and wireless convergence. Its virtual fabric, eSight Unified Network Management Platform, Unified Security Gateway, Policy Center and

AnyOffice applications have a focus on ease of use, which allows them to address the core

functionality of the enterprise network.

Page 14 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

Cautions

■Huawei solutions are technically capable; however, limited marketing communications continue to limit enterprise awareness in the vendor's target markets.

■The vendor has an extensive Asia/Pacific direct and channel organization, where 72% of its products are sold. Enterprises should request references for implementation and service of

applicable Huawei solutions outside of the Asia/Pacific region.

■Huawei continues to execute well on the core functionality needed in its key enterprise vertical markets, but does not currently provide capabilities in areas of emerging requirements, such as

location-aware or application visibility.

Juniper Networks

Juniper Networks provides a broad and scalable access layer solution, and focuses on large,

carpeted enterprise, financial services and higher education markets. It is the No. 3 wired switching vendor and is growing faster than market rates measured via revenue, but accounts for only 1% of

market share in enterprise WLAN. Juniper recently announced an agreement with Aruba on joint

product development and go-to-market collaboration, where the vendors' channels will have the

opportunity to offer joint Juniper-Aruba solutions. During the past 12 months, Juniper has released

a new EX4300 switching line, new WLAN controllers and enhancements to its Junos Space Network

Director management system. Juniper should be considered for all wired campus networking

deployments and/or where existing Juniper WLAN technology is being refreshed.

Strengths

■Juniper has a comprehensive solution for enterprise campus networks, including the ability to provide switches, routers, wireless, security, management and network service applications.

■The vendor can apply security and QoS at the access point, which improves security and performance, versus applying policy at a centralized control point further upstream in the

network.

■Juniper's Virtual Chassis technology allows up to 10 switches to be managed as a single entity, supports differing switching models and can span geographic locations, which simplifies

network operations and increases network availability.

■Juniper's EX Series switching line can be used in the campus or data center, which provides architectural consistency and can lead to investment protection.

Cautions

■Juniper lacks a SaaS-based management option for its products, which several leading competitors provide.

■The vendor's current WLAN products lack brand awareness, and do not show up often on client shortlists, versus the leading competitors.

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 15 of 27

■Juniper has introduced a virtualized controller supporting on-premises, off-premises and cloud control of deployment. Juniper's WLAN architecture may require a hardware controller, which

can increase the total cost of ownership (TCO) of the WLAN solution. Gartner recommends that

clients calculate the TCO of solutions, and that they do not pay extra for controller-based

architectures.

Motorola Solutions

Motorola Solutions announced during our Magic Quadrant research process that it has entered into an agreement to be acquired by Zebra Technologies. Motorola will continue as a wireless overlay

vendor with limited wired port connectivity that can provide end-to-end solutions through internal

offerings, as well as strategic wired partnerships. The vendor has a strong global channel

organization that delivers over 80% of its revenue.

Motorola Solutions is a global leader in WLAN within the in-store retail, transportation, logistics and government verticals, but it also services hospitality, manufacturing and healthcare. The vendor

should be on the shortlist for any WLAN opportunities in in-store retail, government and other

verticals that have data collection, security (including guest access), location and analytical

requirements.

Strengths

■Motorola Solutions extends beyond the enterprise network infrastructure requirements to meet the needs of its vertical market clients by providing push-to-talk voice over WLAN (VoWLAN)

capabilities between mobile clients, wall plate access points that provide power over existing

phone lines, advanced indoor location services, client analytics and deep packet inspection

functionality.

■The virtual controller capabilities built into all Motorola access points remove the need for controllers where the number of access points is less than 24. This solution plays well for small

retail sites and addresses the SMB enterprise market.

■Motorola's One Point Wireless Suite, coupled with its vertical market knowledge, delivers an end-to-end solution with an uptime SLA that is needed for process improvement applications in

retail, manufacturing and logistics.

Cautions

■Motorola has filled many of the product gaps associated with an end-to-end access layer solution, but as it moves outside of its traditional stronghold markets (where there are intangible

benefits), enterprises need to ensure that the selected channel partner has the ability to

propose, design, deliver and service a competitive solution.

■Less than 5% of Motorola's access layer revenue is attributed to switching. As a result, it is not considered a trusted wired switching vendor by most Gartner clients.

■After the acquisition by Zebra Technologies is completed, we expect to see continued investment and growth in the retail, transportation, manufacturing and healthcare vertical

Page 16 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

markets. Enterprises need to get assurance that any new direction in products and support will

meet the needs of the broader enterprise market.

Xirrus

Xirrus continues to invest in its access layer solution, and has a portfolio of two-radio access points in addition to its modular Array product line, supporting from two to 16 integrated radios and

integrated controllers to rightsize the network and better support enterprise environments.

Integrated application control across the product line helps ensure a consistent wireless user

experience. In 2013, Xirrus added 24-port and 48-port switches, and a three-port wall plate switch,

to continue to enforce its enterprise message. The Xirrus Modular Array architecture allows

customers to add capacity to an existing Array, or upgrade to 11ac Wave 1 and Wave 2 without

replacing the Array platform. The Xirrus Access Manager application provides guest access and

BYOD onboarding, and the Xirrus Management System provides network management and

analytics. Both can be implemented on-premises or can be cloud-based, plus there is an automatic provisioning service, Xirrus Mobilize, in the cloud for zero-touch registration and initial device

configuration. The vendor has implemented a programmable RESTful API for integration with

enterprise applications, such as AirWatch for MDM/mobile application management (MAM), and

Euclid for retail analytics.

Xirrus sells through direct and indirect channels in the education, healthcare, retail and hospitality

verticals, primarily in North America and EMEA, as well as having a presence in Asia. The vendor is

also strong in outdoor coverage events, such as stadiums, and in highly dense user environments,

such as classrooms, auditoriums and entertainment venues where the Modular Array can provide a large coverage area, and can service high-density and performance needs.

Strengths

■The modularity of the Xirrus Arrays (access points) allows the radio to be upgraded from 802.11n to 802.11ac Wave 1 with only a software license upgrade, which saves time and

eliminates the need to "rip and replace." Arrays can also be upgraded to 802.11ac Wave 2

support through a radio upgrade that allows enterprises to leverage the existing Array platform.

■With access point scalability from two to 16 radios, Xirrus addresses scalability and coverage needs while reducing switch ports, needing fewer cable runs and translating to a lower TCO.

Software-programmable radios in the Xirrus products reduce costs and simplify the move to

5GHz/11ac wireless networks.

■The Xirrus cloud-based Mobilize service can provide automatic license activation and zero-touch provisioning of the entire access layer for enterprises moving applications to the cloud,

and looking to leverage the ease of use and centralized management capabilities.

Cautions

■Enterprises need to ensure that channel partners can provide the necessary level of support for any new geography or market where Xirrus does not have name recognition (such as Latin

Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 17 of 27

America and Asia). The vendor is addressing this through new strategic OEM relationships,

global distributors and new channel partners.

■Xirrus' switching product line is new, and enterprises need to understand their usage scenarios and test the proposed solution to make sure that they are getting the documented benefits, as

well as the integration of advanced features such as deep packet inspection for end to end

solutions.

■Since the Xirrus Array architecture is different from competitive offerings, enterprises need to understand that the number of Arrays may differ from the number of access points, because an

Array may contain more than one or two radios.

Vendors Added and Dropped

We review and adjust our inclusion criteria for Magic Quadrants and MarketScopes as markets

change. As a result of these adjustments, the mix of vendors in any Magic Quadrant or

MarketScope may change over time. A vendor's appearance in a Magic Quadrant or MarketScope

one year and not the next does not necessarily indicate that we have changed our opinion of that

vendor. It may be a reflection of a change in the market and, therefore, changed evaluation criteria,

or of a change of focus by that vendor.

Added

■Extreme Networks (through the acquisition of Enterasys Networks)

Dropped

■Fortinet

■Netgear

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Vendors in the Magic Quadrant must be able to demonstrate a clear understanding of enterprise

access layer networking requirements. They must have a minimum of $100 million in 2013 revenue

in enterprise-class product revenue for wired and wireless access layer hardware and software

solutions, of which a minimum of $40 million is derived from enterprise WLAN solutions. All

hardware and software components must be available on the vendor's published price list. A

minimum of 80% of access layer product revenue must be generated from vendor-manufactured or OEM components. Product revenue must be from enterprise office environments, which may

include in-store retail, healthcare, and grade school, high school and university education. Product

revenue may not include convention centers, hotels, or cellular offloading for outdoor environments or public venues, including stadiums and train or bus stations. Vendors must provide factual details on how they meet these criteria.

Vendor solutions must be able to address the following criteria:

Page 18 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

■Vendor must minimally sell and support a 24- or 48-port PoE, chassis or stackable switch.

■Vendor must minimally sell and support 802.11n and have a road map for 802.11ac.

■Vendor must support a guest access application with the ability to minimally support:■Ability to provide Web authentication credentials via SMS, email or printout for Windows, iOS and Android clients

■More than one captive portal

■Vendor must be able to minimally support the following security functionality:

■Device authentication for Windows, Android and iOS devices via 802.1X, as well as an authentication method for supporting devices that cannot support a supplicant ■Ability to detect wired or wireless intrusion

■Vendor must be able to minimally support the following policy enforcement functionality:■Ability to create access policies that minimally include device and user for wired and wireless connectivity

■Ability to traffic shape/rate limit and content filter trusted clients, as well as guest-access-connected clients; the solution may be internally developed or a strategic alliance ■Vendor must be able to minimally support network management:

■Ability to minimally discover and manage wired and wireless access layer infrastructure, including supported switches and access points

Evaluation Criteria

Ability to Execute

We continue to adjust the weighting and criteria for this Magic Quadrant as buyers' requirements

and market forces shift what is important for vendors to provide.

Gartner evaluates technology providers on the quality and efficacy of the processes, systems,

methods and procedures that enable IT provider performance to be competitive, efficient and

effective, and to have a positive effect on revenue, retention and reputation. Technology providers

are ultimately judged on their ability and success in capitalizing on their vision.

Product or Service: We evaluate access layer infrastructure products and services consisting of

switches, access points and related components, such as external antenna and outdoor enclosures needed for the end-to-end solutions in various vertical markets. We also look at network services,

such as management, monitoring, guest access, policy enforcement and security applications. We

consider product and architectural migration strategies from legacy implementations, whether from Gartner, Inc. | G0*******Page 19 of 27

an incumbent vendor or a new solution provider. We also look at maintenance and deployment

service capabilities.

Overall Viability: This includes an assessment of the vendor's overall financial health, and the

financial and practical success of the business. We also evaluate whether the vendor continues to

invest in access-layer-related business, including technology and product development, as well as

solution delivery to the market, including sales channels, marketing communication and service

delivery.

Sales Execution/Pricing: This involves the vendor's capabilities in presales activities and the

structure that supports them. This criterion includes deal management, pricing and negotiation,

presales support (including communication of differentiating functionality), and the overall

effectiveness of the sales channel, both direct and indirect.

Marketing Responsiveness and Track Record: This includes the quality and effectiveness of the

vendor's marketing messages in communicating to the market the advantages and differentiating

capabilities of its product lines, company and supporting partners/services. This evaluation also

includes the history of the vendor's marketing messages and its ability to react to changes in

market requirements in its target markets.

Marketing Execution: This criterion focuses on how the vendor is perceived in the market, and

how well its marketing programs are recognized. For access layer infrastructure, the evaluation

focused on how well the vendor was able to influence the market around key messages and

attributes. An additional indicator for this criterion is how often Gartner clients consider a vendor as

a possible supplier in a shortlist evaluation. The change in momentum in this indicator is particularly

important.

Customer Experience: We assess how customers and partners view the vendor. This evaluation

includes significant input from Gartner clients in the form of inquiries, face-to-face meetings and

written responses about the vendors. A key component in this category is the vendor's ability to

provide strong presales and postsales support, especially aligned with vertical requirements.

Page 20 of 27Gartner, Inc. | G0*******

商业模式创新

商业模式创新 商业模式是一个企业创造价值的核心逻辑,价值的内涵不仅仅是创造利润,还包括为客户、员工、合作伙伴、股东提供的价值,在此基础上形成的企业竞争力与持续发展力。商业模式可以分为两大类:1.运营性商业模式。(1)产业价值链定位:企业处于什么样的价值链,在这条价值链上处于何种地位,结合自身资源条件和发展战略应如何定位(2)营利模式:企业从哪里获得收入,获得收入有哪几种形式。2.策略性商业模式。策略性商业模式对运营性商业模式加以扩展和利用,涉及企业生产经营的方方面面,包括业务模式,渠道模式和组织模式。 假设,在原始资源的角度,我拥有一批奶牛,那么,我将如何发掘奶牛企业的价值内涵,如何正确定位企业的价值链吗,如何更多方式地拓展企业的营利模式,则是本文要探讨的内容。 方式一:有机畜牧业的品牌建设。根据调查显示,中国70%左右的牧场为千头以下的中小牧场。行业存在牛奶单产低、成本高、质量参差不齐、缺乏技术指导和市场保障等问题。由于市场上低端奶源过剩,高端优质奶源短缺,导致“奶剩”“奶荒”交替出现。所以,本公司所秉承的商业理念是,优质奶源,有机畜牧。 (1)价值主张:品牌重点化,产品聚焦化。 在这个以快打慢的商业世界里面,企业家们多少显得有点心浮气躁,往往在企业开始壮大的时候,就想方设法地做大做强,通常都会选择类似多元化的扩张策略。然而,我公司由于起步较晚,市场占有率低,将采用聚焦,聚焦,再聚焦的特殊方式,牢牢抓住一两个闪光点然后把它做深,做透,做强。目前根据市场的特点,我公司推出的三大类闪光产品是有机巴氏鲜奶、纯鲜手工酸奶、有机奶酪三大块,并从三大类产品中细化不同价位的子品牌,使所有消费者都能找到自己喜欢的,符合需要的产品类型。与此同时,我公司对所有的产品都实行严格的质量控制,奉行“产品等于人品”的宗旨,打造“钻石级”品质。 (2)生产加工:标准化有机生产基地的建设 我公司主打的品牌就是有机高品质奶,对于生产基地及牧场的建设要求极高。我公司的畜牧基地在呼伦贝尔草原,所有的牧草施肥采用蓄养的牛粪等天然肥料,采取国家规定的农业标准,聘请专家定时知道。同时,我公司对生产过程实行严格的控制,制定高于国家标准的“企业标准”,确保产品100%合格。为提升牛奶的口味和口感,提出“一净一稠”:“净”,是使用耗费巨资的“运奶车桑拿浴车间”保证奶源清洁,“稠”,则添加了“闪蒸”工艺剔除一定比例的水分,使牛奶更加香浓。另外,我公司引进先进的设备,进行“全过程监控”,引进精密的质量检测设备确保检验全面,准确。 (3)经销渠道:经销商代理、直接供货和开设连锁店并举 我公司采用以奶源基地为核心,在周边地区形成销售网络并辐射到全省,最终占领整个中国市场的销售策略,遵循“圆心——卫星”营销论,以中心地级市场为圆心,周边县区为卫星,最终形成循环运作、稳定高效的营销网络。先占领一线城市,再向二三线城市推进,紧紧抓住消费者市场中一级城市消费者这样的“市场领袖”,扩大影响力。营销渠道包括大卖场、连锁超市的现代营销渠道,传统的经销商网络渠道,连锁牛奶吧等创意体验店,以及“送奶到户”的特殊渠道等多层次,全方位的派送体系。 (4)媒体宣传:传统媒体、新兴媒体、促销活动和事件营销一网打尽 媒体营销对于企业的重要性不言而喻,所以,我公司在媒体宣传上采用了传统媒体广告宣传、美食公众号大力推广、实体促销活动吸引客户和事件营销一网打尽的方式,做好有机奶、新鲜奶、健康奶的推广。 第一,我公司与美食公众号和美食频道联系,采用产品测试、试用等方式,把我公司有机牛奶免费赠送给经过精心选择的5000户家庭并进行跟踪和回访。同时,还利用网络派送

证券公司创新业务发展战略分析

证券公司创新业务发展战略分析 (一) 当前,我国经济已进入深化改革开放、加快转变经济发展方式的攻坚时期,党的十八大勾画了中国经济未来发展的宏伟蓝图,中国资本市场正面临难得的历史发展机遇,一系列重要改革创新相继破题。近年来,尤其是2012年以来,我国证券行业创新进入了观念转变快速、思想动员广泛、创新活动高涨的时期,形成了自上而下的行业松绑和自下而上的探索突破相结合的发展态势。 大力推动资本市场的改革、创新和发展,充分发挥资本市场在资源配置中的基础性作用,更好地服务经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整,对国内证券公司打造在国际上有一定有竞争力综合券商的提出了更高要求。 创新是一项系统工程。中国证券市场的创新和发展,需要全行业、全市场参与者的共同努力。近年来,全行业各参与者创新热情高涨,创新产品和业务不断涌现,行业规模稳步提升,取得了长足进步。 共同建设好基础产品,共同开发更多适合不同投资者特点的金融工具,推出更多满足不同投资者需要的差异化交易机制,营造更加健康的证券行业创新发展环境。 第一,正确的行业定位决定了行业创新的发展方向。金融行业创新对于促进经济结构调整和落实国家自主创新战略具有重要意义,证券行业作为金融领 域的核心组成部分,应当充分发挥全行业的凝聚力和创造力,全力服务 经济结构战略调整和创新型国家建设。证券公司应回归资本中介本位, 拓宽并购融资渠道,创新并购重组支付手段,为并购重组提供资产定价、 资金融通等专业化综合金融服务,推动市场化并购重组,促进加快行业 整合和产业结构调整升级,服务实体经济建设大局。

第二,制度的创新,给行业提供足够大的发展空间。当前,证券市场创新步伐很快,但也存在配套法律法规相对滞后特别是上位法盲点问题。例如,《证 券法》对“证券”这一核心概念,既没有采用定义方式,也没有采用列 举方式进行界定,而是以适用范围作为替代且范围狭窄,但随着资产证 券化、资管产品等创新产品的不断涌现,证券的种类与范围大量增加, 这些均有必要纳入《证券法》进行调整,凸显顶层制度设计的重要性和 迫切性。同时,创新产品和业务的日趋复杂多元,对如何识别风险,建 立有效的投资者适当性管理制度、差异化的流动性服务机制等基础制度 也提出迫切的要求。建议进一步加快法制建设,藉《证券法》修订契机, 注重统筹规划,以发展的眼光拓宽“证券”的范围,为创新提供法律支 持和拓展空间;尽快完善基础性制度,研究制定行业统一的投资者分类 和产品分级标准,完善产品发行、销售、转让等规则体系,规范创新发 展。 第三,基础产品丰富,结构合理是行业创新的基石。证券行业的业务创新,证券公司盈利模式的转变,都建立在相对丰富和完备的产品结构上。各机构 共同建设好基础产品,共同开发更多适合不同投资者特点的金融工具, 推出更多满足不同投资者需要的差异化交易机制,营造更加健康的证券 行业创新发展环境。 第四,高效、安全的信息技术给行业创新提供保障。现代证券行业高度依赖信息技术,行业创新发展离不开安全高效的技术保障。近年来,全行业持续 优化技术基础设施,先后在交易系统、通信系统、信息系统、监察系统 等方面实现了一系列新的创新,推出了新一代交易系统上线、综合业务

动态数据脱敏技术分析

美创科技 动态数据脱敏技术分析 在当前国内信息安全热潮中,数据脱敏作为数据安全的重要一环得到了业界的认可与重视。早在2012年,数据脱敏首次作为一个单独的魔力象限由Gartner发布,Gartner在2014年又提出了:按照数据使用场景,将数据脱敏分为静态数据脱敏(Static data masking-SDM )与动态数据脱敏(Dynamic data masking-DDM )。 可能有人望文生义,认为动态数据脱敏一定比静态数据脱敏高级。非也非也,静态or动态,取决于脱敏的使用场景,主要是以使用场景为由来选择合适的数据脱敏的模式。 本文主要就动态数据脱敏和静态数据脱敏的区别作解释,着重和大家分析下动态数据脱敏的原理、使用场景、部署方式等,一窥动态数据脱敏如何在隐私数据安全保护中发挥至关重要的作用。 一、动静态数据脱敏“半斤八两” 前面提到了,静态数据脱敏与动态数据脱敏是按脱敏数据的使用场景来区分的。所谓的数据使用环境,主要是指业务系统脱敏之后的数据在哪些环境中使用,一般可分为生产环境和非生产环境(开发、测试、外包、数据分析等)。

l静态数据脱敏(SDM):一般用在非生产环境,将敏感数据从生产环境抽取并脱敏后给到非生产环境使用,常用于培训、分析、测试、开发等非生产系统的数据库; l动态数据脱敏(DDM):常用在生产环境,在访问敏感数据即时进行脱敏,一般用来解决在生产环境需要根据不同情况对同一敏感数据读取时进行不同级别脱敏的场景。? 二、动态数据脱敏实现原理 动态数据脱敏是在用户层对数据进行独特屏蔽、加密、隐藏、审计或封锁访问途径的流程,当应用程序、维护、开发工具请求通过动态数据脱敏(DDM) 时,实时筛选请求的SQL语句,依据用户角色、权限和其他脱敏规则屏蔽敏感数据,并且能运用横向或纵向的安全等级,同时限制响应一个查询所返回的行数。 动态数据脱敏实现原理示意图

Gartner Wired and WLAN Magic Quadrant (2014)

G0******* Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure Published: 26 June 2014 Analyst(s): Tim Zimmerman, Andrew Lerner, Bill Menezes We evaluate a variety of LAN vendors providing converged access layer connectivity. Vendors are increasingly able to provide integrated hardware and network application solutions. Enterprises are expanding how users connect to the infrastructure, and vendors are providing new ways to differentiate. Market Definition/Description The access layer market consists of vendors that supply wired and wireless LAN (WLAN) hardware and software components that provide the first connectivity to the infrastructure access layer, from the edge of the enterprise network to the end users or connected devices. The market consists of three types of access layer vendors: ■Those that provide their own wired and wireless infrastructure connectivity, network service applications, and services (such as Cisco, HP Networking, Avaya, Adtran, D-Link, Extreme Networks and Huawei). ■Those that mainly focus on a specific connectivity option, often offering solutions for one or more vertical markets or deployment solutions that address a unique set of market requirements (such as Motorola Solutions, Aruba Networks and Aerohive). ■Those that use a strategic partner to provide a portion of the access solution. It is important that these vendors provide differentiating functionality that shows why the vendors collectively provide a better offer to enterprises, rather than being considered separately (such as Dell, Juniper and Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise). Today, the access layer market continues to evolve from two separate decisions, one being wired and the other being wireless, to a single unified access layer decision. Organizations continue to express a desire for a unified wired/WLAN access infrastructure in which the access is user-centric and incorporates location, time/date and duration of the connection, as well as what application the user or device is accessing to determine whether or not it will be allowed. During inquiries, enterprise clients continue to say that they do not want to have to make trade-offs between the security, policy enforcement and management of their wired and wireless access networks. With limited growth in IT resources, administrators require one network management application, one access security solution, one guest access application or one policy enforcement solution with the

三种成功的商业模式创新方法

三种成功的商业模式创新方法 Edward Giesen, Saul J.Berman, Ragna Bell and Amy Blitz K组(韩朝,冯郁)翻译基于与全球765 家公司和公共部门领导进行的访谈,IBM 2006 年全球CEO 调查发现有65% 的领导人期望在接下来的两年中自己所处的行业发生根本性的变化。作为一种战略响应,很多CEO 都在进行运营和/或产品与服务创新。但是我们发现,获得突出财务收益的公司对于业务模式创新的重视程度是财务收益不佳的公司的两倍(如图1所示)。正如一名CEO 对我们谈到的,“产品和服务可以复制;业务模式才是真正与众不同之处”。 但是,确切地说,业务模式创新指的是什么?哪种业务模式创新能够产生最好的收益?无论是我们前面提到的CEO 们,还是当前的文献都不能对此提供明确的答案。于是,我们开始着手寻找答案。在我们的研究中,我们首先确定了业务模式创新的三个主要类型,它们可以单独使用,也可以结合在一起使用:行业模式创新、收入模式创新和企业模式创新。然后,我们在全部35个最佳实践案例中对这三种业务模式创新进行比较。在本报告中,我们阐明,只要能够制定正确的战略并进行强有力的执行,每种业务模式创新都能够获得成功。 另外还有一个的重要的发现是,将工作重心放在网络合作(即外部协作和合作关系)的企业模式创新是最为普遍的,在我们所研究的35个案例中,有15 个案例(近一半)都使用这种业务模式创新。而且,我们发现,使用网络合作的公司与使用其它战略的公司所实现的财务收益相似。我们还发现,虽然各个地区、各行各业、具有不同的历史/规模以及其它特征的公司都在使用网络合作,但这种策略始终特别适用于相对资历较老的公司。 商业模式创新的重要意义 见附图1。 商业模式创新框架 由于被采访的商业领袖认为很难定义商业模式创新,我们开发了一个确定三个主要类型的框架(见附图2)。这个框架的建立是基于我们的经验、广泛的文献回顾和对远远超过其他组合的35个最佳实践案例分析总结。 行业模型:这种方法包括创新“行业价值链”。您可以通过水平移向新行业

我国商业银行存款业务创新

我国商业银行存款业务创新 社会的发展、经济环境的变化要求商业银行改革现有的存款经营思想和政策,采用新的存款吸收技术,拓展新的存款市场,以更丰富、更灵活的方式吸引存款,否则不仅会面临资金和客户的流失,更会影响到效益和信誉。在新的经济金融形式下,商业银行个人金融业务的发展除了在经营发展战略和经营模式等方面进行调整外,进行业务创新及发展是我国商业银行个人金融业务理性而又现实的选择。个人金融业务是指以个人客户为服务对象的金融服务,它包括储蓄、银行卡、消费信贷、个人小额抵押贷款、个人理财、代理业务等。随着银行业竞争的加剧及人们可支配收入的增加,个人金融业务在西方商业银行占据重要地位,并且是其收益的重要来源。当前我国社会主义市场经济的发展,城市居民收入的提高,传统的以银行帐户为中心,等客上门,为客户服务的经营方式,已经远远不能满足客户多样化的金融需求。为了适应个人金融业务需求不断增长的趋势,转变经营观念,制定发展策略,促进商业银行个人金融业务的发展,势在必行。本人现就根据所学知识谈谈商业银行个人金融业务的创新及其发展方向。 —、商业银行个人金融业务体制创新国外商业银行是在比较成熟的市场经济体制中发展起来的,其个人金融业务随着金融创新的不断深入,在商业银行的经营发展中占据着越来越重要的地位。而且,发展个人金融业务的重要性正在被越来越多的银行业人士所认同。从储蓄业务到个人金融业务,不是一个简单的名称变化,而是适应我国经济体制改革进程,以及客户需求日益多元化的趋势,主动进行的体制创新;是借鉴国际上现代商业银行成功发展经验,也是做好我国已加入WTO 的国际化竞争的重要举措;是“以客户为中心”的理念在经营管理中的具体贯彻。这是商业银行个人金融发展史上的重大体制创新,具有深远意义。(一)发展个人金融业务是宏观经济形势变化的需要随着我国改革开放的不断深入和市场金融的加快发展,国家宏观经济金融形式发生了很大变化。“九五”时期,国家连续实施了刺激消费,扩大内需,促进经济发展一系列宏观调控措施,特别是连续在2002 年以前的7 次下调存款利率,连续五年增加国债,开征储蓄利息税,实行个人存款账户实名制,加快证券、基金保险市场发展措施的出台,对银行的传统储蓄业务产生了较大影响,同时也推动了银行个人金融产品的服务手段、营销方式的创新,促进了个人金融业务市场竞争和发展。另一方面,面临着我国加入WTO,国外商业银行在个人金融方面的先进经营理念的分层次组合将对国内银行个人客户市场造成巨大的冲击与挑战。此外,当前技术发展正呈现出日益加速的过程,各行都在积极引进先进的管理软件,网上银行、电话银行等先进的虚拟银行手段扩展了银行的服务空间。(二)发展个人金融业务是现代银行业务发展的大趋势当前,国际上一些合并后的大银行,个人金融业务的利润普遍占到了利润总额的30%—70%,个人金融业务已成为银行最重要的利润增长领域之一。许多世界性的大银行非常重视个人金融业务的发展,如花旗银行,就以个人金融业务为经营主体,在其全部的收入中,有48%来自全球的私人客户。从2001 年开始,我国资本市场发展迅速,金融“脱媒”现象日益突出,对银行传统业务影响较大,许多传统银行业务市场发展放慢,甚至出现不同程度的萎缩,银行业要在竞争中求发展就必须在个人金融业务领域开辟新的发展空间。(三)发展个人金融业务是提高银行整体竞争能力的需要目前,个人金融业务发展的创利潜力已被国内各家商业银行普遍看好,成为银行间新一轮竞争的焦点。如果哪一家银行在激烈的个人金融业务竞争中落伍,哪家银行的优质客户资源就会被瓜分,这将影响到银行今后整体竞争实力,甚至影响到银行的生存和发展。 二、创新营销理念,重视和强调市场营销,是发展个人金融业务的客观需求(一)营销的现实意义:现实看,国有商业银行以及中小银行无论是基础类产品还是新开发的代理和理财类产品都具有高度的同质性。如近年来银行开发的有代表性的代理类产品在各家银行

十大创新型商业模式经典案例

在互联网思维被赋予多重定义的时代,商业模式和传统的商业模式最大的区别在于,不再是关于成本和规模的讨论,而是关于重新定义客户价值的讨论。商业模式就是如何创造和传递客户价值和公司价值的系统。可见,客户价值以及客户价值主张的重要性非同一般。 现在正处于万众创业年,众多创业企业爆发,各种各样的创新型商业模式出现在市场 中。 下面让行知优才来盘点一下十大创新商业模式代表案例,梳理2017年各行各业的创业企业中具有代表性的创新商业模式案例,供创业者们参考。 1.人人车——“九死一生”的C2C坚挺的活了下来 企业介绍:人人车是用C2C的方式来卖二手车,为个人车主和买家提供诚信、专业、便捷、 有保障的优质二手车交 易。 创新性:它首创了二手车 C2C虚拟寄售模式,直接对接个人车主和买家,砍掉中间环节。 该平台仅上线车龄为六年且在10万公里内的无事故个人二手车,卖家可以将爱车卖到公道价,买家可以买到经专业评估师检测的真实车况的放心 车。 点评:C2C虚拟寄售的模式被描述为“九死一生”,是因为:第一,二手车属非标品; 第 二,卖车人和买车人两端需求是对立的;第三,国内一直缺乏第三方中立的车辆评 估,鱼龙 混杂。因此二手车C2C 交易困难重重、想法大胆又天真。人人车不被看好却能逃过 “C轮 死”的魔咒,是因为其省去所有中间环节,将利润返还与消费 者。创始人李健说:“如果我能成功,B2C都要失业了。” 2.滴滴巴士——定制公共交通 企业介绍:20xx年7月15日,继快车、顺风车之后,滴滴快的旗下巴士业务“滴滴巴士” 也正式上线。目前滴滴巴士已经在北京和深圳拥有700多辆大巴、1000多个班次。 创新性:滴滴巴士是第一个尝试将巴士进行多场景应用的定制巴士。滴滴巴士是关于定制化出行的城市通勤定制服务。它根据大数据测算并推出城市出行新线路。滴滴巴士还将巴士进

商业模式创新的四种方法

商业模式创新的四种方法 导语:商业模式就是一个企业的基本经营方法。它包含四部分:用户价值定义,利润公式,产业定位,核心资源和流程。 商业模式创新是当今企业获得核心竞争力的关键。沃尔玛,亚马逊,Zara航空和ARM等企业都是因为它们独特而具有竞争力的商业模式而异军突起,在各自竞争激烈的行业成为领袖。在过去十年成功跻身于财富500强的27家企业中,有11家都是通过商业模式创新而取得成功。 虽然商业模式创新很重要,但挑战也很大。首先,商业模式是无形的,远不如产品创新那么具体,而且它也是一个相对较新的概念。所以,围绕商业模式的讨论缺乏统一性和准确性,造成了很多认识上的误区。比如,有人认为它就是轻资产和取代产品创新的便利方法。事实上,很多总裁对本企业的商业模式都缺乏充分的理解,更谈不上创新。 按照IBM商业研究所和哈佛商学院克利斯坦森教授的观点,商业模式就是一个企业的基本经营方法。它包含四部分:用户价值定义,利润公式,产业定位,核心资源和流程。 用户价值定义是为目标用户群提供的价值,其具体表现是给用户提供的产品、服务及销售渠道等价值要素的某种组合。利润方程包括收入来源,成本结构,利润额度等。产业定位是企业在产业链中的位置和

充当的角色。关键流程包括企业的生产和管理流程,而关键资源则是企业所需的各类有形和无形的资源。 商业模式创新就是对企业以上的基本经营方法进行变革。一般而言,有四种方法:改变收入模式/改变企业模式/改变产业模式/改变技术模式。 改变收入模式就是改变一个企业的用户价值定义和相应的利润方程或收入模型。这就需要企业从确定用户的新需求入手。这并非是市场营销范畴中的寻找用户新需求,而是从更宏观的层面重新定义用户需求,即去深刻理解用户购买你的产品需要完成的任务或要实现的目标是什么。其实,用户要完成一项任务需要的不仅是产品,而是一个解决方案。一旦确认了此解决方案,也就确定了新的用户价值定义,并可依次进行商业模式创新。 国际知名电钻企业喜利得公司就从此角度找到用户新需求,并重新确认用户价值定义。喜利得一直以向建筑行业提供各类高端工业电钻著称,但近年来,全球激烈竞争使电钻成为低利标准产品。于是,喜利得通过专注于用户所需要完成的工作,意识到它们真正需要的不是电钻,而是在正确的时间和地点获得处于最佳状态的电钻。然而,用户缺乏对大量复杂电钻的综合管理能力,经常造成工期延误。因此,喜利得随即改动它的用户价值定义,不再出售而出租电钻,并向用户提供电钻的库存、维修和保养等综合管理服务。为提供此用户价值定义,喜利得公司变革其商业模式,从硬件制造商变为服务提供商,并把制

产业融合背景下的电信运营商业务创新发展新举措

产业融合背景下的电信运营商业务创新发展新举措 【摘要】网络架构正向着“接入方式多元化、网络结构扁平化、宽带化、IP化”等方向演进,通信市场呈现出产业链各环节互相渗透、产业彼此融合的新趋势。文章分析当前行业发展趋势,以客户需求为出发点,通过借鉴行业创新公司的成功经验,并结合我国通信行业实际,提出推动行业业务创新的新思维和新措施,为电信运营商在新一代网络背景下的业务运营与拓展提供参考借鉴。 【关键词】产业融合业务创新体系创新举措API 补足品开发商 1引言 市场竞争日益激烈、通信技术的日新月异以及客户个性化需求的提升,使新一代网络更加灵活、更加融合、更加完善,才可为客户提供更多、更广泛的通信产品与服务。这种融合灵活的网络催生了一个全新的产业创新体系,在此创新体系中,SP和CP正在成为创新的重要推动者,技术不再起主导作用,应用成为创新关键,且运营商的控制力下降。与此同时,3G牌照的发放、三网融合趋势以及物联网发展,都将使运营商提供的产品愈趋同质。如何避免竞争的同质化、规避重复投资与资源浪费成为电信行业普遍关心的话题。

2中国电信业业务创新体系发展趋势 如上所述,运营商通过连接用户、SP、CP和设备供应商,对电信业创新起着至关重要的作用,但其控制力已经下降,中国电信业务创新体系的发展对电信运营商在网络建设运营和业务创新管理方面都提出了新的要求与挑战:第一,电信运营商对市场的控制力逐渐发生变化,通信市场呈现产业链各环节互相渗透、产业彼此融合的新趋势;且全球性强势公司在中国主动出击,也使得中国电信市场的多元化格局逐渐形成。如,2007年8月手机巨头诺基亚宣称向移动互联网服务提供商转变,高调推出Ovi Store,即在线商店,以各种应用程序为主,并支持旗下多款手机。又如,2007年6月苹果公司推出iPhone手机,凭借“终端+内容+设计”模式,在时尚人群中大获成功。此外,2007年11月谷歌宣布组建包括电信运营商、应用服务提供商、手机制造商、芯片制造商等在内的开放手机联盟(OpenHandset Alliance),并推出手机操作系统“Android”以及基于该操作系统的移动终端Gphone。Android手机操作系统为Google 占领手机“桌面”,占领移动互联网的战略制高点,并将其搜索业务延伸到移动客户奠定了基础。凡此种种,都可以让人领略到全球性强势公司主动出击,积极拓展新领域并开展竞争的势头,也显示出价值多元化局面逐渐形成。 第二,随着行业内部融合愈演愈烈,特别是移动通信网

供应链金融3.0:创新业务模式及案例分析

供应链金融3.0:创新业务模式 及案例分析 供应链金融的传统模式是将高信用评级企业的信用分享给上下游中小企业。而现今,供应链金融已迈入3.0时代,新时代下的新运营模式则是在产业升级和技术驱动下的基于数据的授信模式。云计算、大数据、物联网以及区块链等技术的发展和深度应用都将支持到供应链金融的进一步发展,使其可以继续提升风控能力,并降低业务成本。 供应链金融领域“风口”频现 目前,中国的供应链金融产业仍处在朝阳期,行业标准尚未健全,行业内的竞争者类型多样,同时还有很多潜在竞争者在场外关注,等待入场时机。产业资本和金融资本之所以涌入供应链金融领域,除去供应链金融本身有很强的资本亲和性外,政府政策的号召和支持起到了极为关键的作用。

国务院“部署进一步缓解小微企业融资难融资贵”的政策对供应链金融发展无疑又是一大利好。但是除牢牢抓住机遇之外,布局供应链金融的企业也必须以正确的方式来享受利好政策,因为国家决不允许供应链金融泡沫出现,“积极稳妥”是我国推动供应链金融发展的基本要求。 供应链金融发展的进阶过程 供应链金融的运作模式从肇端至今共经历经了三个阶段,现已迈入3.0时代。第一阶段是传统的银行+核心企业模式;第二阶段是通过技术手段对接供应链中的各个参与者;第三阶段则是通过互联网等技术的深度介入打造一个综合的大服务平台。

参与方增加带来市场扩容 随着供应链金融模式的创新,相比于传统的“商业银行+核心企业”模式,参与方不断增加,使整个供应链金融市场随之得到扩充。首先,产业互联网化、信息化发展使数据开始成为供应链金融业务开展的核心,且数据来源更加广泛,除核心企业外,物流公司、电商平台、ERP厂商等都成为数据方;其次,融资渠道更加多元化,除商业银行之外,融资租赁公司、商业保理公司、小贷公司、担保公司以及P2P平台等都参与进来,共同拓展供应链金融的融资渠道;再次,供应链金融从围绕一个核心企业发展到一个完整的产业生态圈,市场扩容和信息化发展使企业之间的联系更加紧密,共同创造新的商机。

商业模式设计与创新

商业模式设计与创新 如何设计商业模式? 没有什么比战略和商业模式更重要,也更容易被误读的商业概念了。商业模式指的是 企业运营的逻辑,也就是企业如何在市场竞争中运作,并为股东创造和获取价值。战略指 的是通过规划为企业设定一个独特而有价值的定位,包括一系列差异化的行动。两个概念 相互关联,但却有本质的不同。商业模式和战略都与市场竞争和企业资源相关,但各有侧 重点。 对商业模式的经典定义来自于发表在《哈佛商业评论》杂志上的经典文章《如何重塑 商业模式?》一文。这篇文章的作者、哈佛商学院教授克里斯滕森认为,商业模式包括四 个要素:客户价值主张、赢利模式、关键资源和关键流程。这四个要素相互作用,其中最 重要的是创造价值。四个要素中的任何一个发生重大变化,都会对其他部分和整体产生影响。 对战略的经典定义则来自于“竞争战略之父”迈克尔.波特的经典之作《战略是什么?》。迈克尔.波特认为,战略就是创造一种独特、有利的定位,涉及各种不同的运营活动。竞争战略就是创造差异性,即有目的地选择一整套不同的运营活动,以创造一种独特 的价值组合。战略定位有三个原点:基于种类的定位;基于需求的定位;基于接触途径的定位。 厘清了概念的差异之后,再来谈如何设计商业模式就更清楚了。好的商业模式具有某 些共同特点:与企业目标和资源一致、能够自我强化战略定位、能为企业带来活力。最重 要的是,成功的商业模式能够产生具有自我强化能力的良性循环,能不断增强企业的竞争 优势和战略定位。这是商业模式最具影响力的一个方面,同时也是最易被忽视的一个方面。 因此,要设计商业模式,必须要基于企业现有的资源,以及市场竞争的现实。企业通 过商业模式开展竞争的方式有三种:一是强化自身的良性循环。比如空客公司研发出空客380来挑战波音747的垄断地位。二是削弱竞争对手的良性循环。比如微软预装了Windows操作系统来遏制了Linux。三是变竞争为互补。比如在线博彩交易所允许彩民匿 名相互下注。 当商业模式过时时,如何更新呢?哥伦比亚大学商学院的教授麦格拉思在《商业模式 过时怎么办》中建议,要寻找那些能创造客户黏性、忠诚度和进入壁垒的商业模式,而忽 视那些向顾客兜售完产品之后就万事大吉的商业模式。企业要在稳定现有商业模式的基础上,尝试向多个方向发展。但这个过程并不是那么清晰了,企业可能要面临的是巨大的不 确定性。

商业模式创新的四个维度

商业模式创新的四个维 度 Document number:NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UT

商业模式创新的四个维度 商业模式的创新可以是局部性的,也可以是全局性的,只要符合企业家的个人价值观和企业文化,需要的资源能力又能够获取到的话,这种商业模式创新就具备了成功的条件。 因此,从点、线、面到体,商业模式创新都有用武之地。 点:从商业模式的某一个要素出发 从定位、业务系统、盈利模式、关键资源能力、现金流结构和企业价值中的任何一个要素出发,都有可能创新商业模式。 范例:远大中央空调的盈利模式创新 待解决问题,非电空调相比电空调节约1/3能耗,但设备定价比后者高出一倍,如何说服用户购买 模式简述:用户不购买空调,而由远大完成全部的铺装、改造工程并负责日常运营管理工作。由远大负责运营费用,用户只需交付之前运营费用的一部分即可。打个比方,假如一幢大楼改造前的用电费是200元,平方米,而由于远大采用的非电空调运营成本较低(省电),可以将全部费用(含空调设备、日常运营和设备折旧费用等)控制在130元/平方米,双方即达成价格协议,比如签约150元/平方米

(客户因此降低了50元的电费支出,而远大则获得了20元的净利润),超支或节支都与客户没有关系。合同期满后,若客户认为确实节能,愿意购买并自行运营,远大也支持,扣除已运行年限的折旧费用然后售出。 效果:寿命20年的设备,远大只需5年就可收回成本;用户不需要购买设备,还能比以前更低的费用享受到空调服务,很值。双方的互利使远大空调取得了巨大的成功。 点评:①功夫在诗外!解决销售难题并不一定要更换或者培训销售团队,也许需要的是重新设计企业的商业模式。②领先的技术总是昂贵的,技术创新固然值得敬佩,但是能够把昂贵的好技术卖出去的商业模式创新更值得喝彩。 线:思考价值链上的机会 一个完整的产业价值链包括原材料供应、研发、生产、制造、销售等环节,如果考虑到横向的合作伙伴或者相邻产业链,则企业的利益相关者就更多了。这些利益相关者之间存在利益竞争、利益共享或者风险共担等关系,充分分析这些关系,或可以为商业模式创新提供突破的机会。 范例:深发展的供应链金融

魔力象限之应用性能监控

魔力象限之应用性能监控 日期:2010年2月18日 您需要了解的情况 本文修订于2010年2月25日。如欲了解更多信息,请参见https://www.360docs.net/doc/148803787.html,上的更正页面。 应用性能监控(APM)现在需要实现五大不同功能维度的协调决策,其中包括最终用户体验监控(end-user experience monitoring)、用户自定义事务处理剖析(user-defined transaction profiling)、应用组件发现和建模(application component discovery and modeling)、应用组件深入监控(application component deep-dive monitoring),以及应用性能数据库功能(application performance management database capabilities)。 通过魔力象限,企业可指导厂商进行决策,并评估厂商是否能提供不同功能维度的支持。基本上,厂商产品会在这五大功能维度中有各自不会的表现,所以企业通常需要从不同产品系列综合选取,从而获得满足自身要求的最佳组合。 魔力象限 图1. 采用魔力象限实现应用性能监控数据来源:Gartner(2010年2月)作者:Will Cappelli 企业需求推动IT运营管理进一步以应用为中心,同时应用管理的难度也在增大。厂商如何解决应用性能监控问题,将会对其是否在整个市场上占据重要地位产生重大影响。 注释 Gartner魔力象限评估工作 需要花费大量时间,厂商可 能会在我们完成分析报告 后才发表更新产品。鉴于 此,我们会在不同厂商的评 价中明确指出分析的产品 版本。我们鼓励您与厂商展 开讨论,共同探索当前产品 版本能不能解决我们所分 析版本中的局限性问题。 厂商的增减 我们根据市场变化更改魔 力象限和MarketScopes中 的厂商名单标准。因此,不 同时期魔力象限或 MarketScopes的厂商名单 可能不同。如果某家厂商某 年出现在魔力象限或 MarketScope名单里而次 年又从名单消失,并非表示 我们对厂商的评价有所变 化,这可能反映了市场在发 生变化以及由此导致的选 择标准不同,也可能说明厂 商的业务重点发生了变化。

商业模式创新的特点是什么

商业模式创新的特点是什么 商业模式创新起源于20世纪90年代中期计算机互联网在商业世界的普及应用。商业模式创新被认为能带来战略性的竞争优势,是新时期企业应该具备的关键能力。以下是本人为你精心整理的商业模式创新的特点,希望你喜欢。 商业模式创新简述 要理解什么是商业模式创新,首先需要知道什么是商业模式,虽然最初对商业模式的含义有争议,但到2000年前后,人们逐步形成共识,认为商业模式概念的核心是价值创造。商业模式,是指企业价值创造的基本逻辑,即企业在一定的价值链或价值网络中如何向客户提供产品和服务、并获取利润的,通俗地说,就是企业如何赚钱的(Timmer,1998;Linder等,2000;Rapper, 2001)。商业模式是一个系统,由不同组成部分、各部分间连接关系、及其系统的“动力机制”三方面所组成(Afuah等,2005)。商业模式的各组成部分,即其构成要素, 如下表所示,大体有9个,可归为5类。有些要素间密切关系,如核心能力和成本是企业内部价值链的结果或体现,客户关系依赖所提供产品或服务的性质及提供渠道。每个要素还以更为具体的若干维度表现出来,如市场类的目标客户要素,从覆盖地理范围看,可以是当地、区域、全国或者国际;从主体类型看,可以是政府、企业组织或者一般个体消费者;或者是根据 年龄、性别、收入、甚至生活方式划分的一般大众市场或细分市场等等。 商业模式创新是指企业价值创造提供基本逻辑的变化,即把新的商业模式引入社会的生产体系,并为客户和自身创造价值,通俗地说,商业模式创新就是指企业以新的有效方式赚

钱。新引入的商业模式,既可能在构成要素方面不同于已有商业模式,也可能在要素间关系或者动力机制方面不同于已有商业模式。 商业模式创新特点 创新概念可追溯到熊彼特,他提出创新是指把一种新的生产要素和生产条件的“新结合”引入生产体系。具体有5 种形态:开发出新产品、推出新的生产方法、开辟新市场、获得新原料来源、采用新的产业组织形态。相对于这些传统的创新类型, 第一,商业模式创新更注重从客户的角度,从根本上思考设计企业的行为,视角更为外向和开放,更多注重和涉及企业经济方面的因素。商业模式创新的出发点,是如何从根本上为客户创造增加的价值。因此,它逻辑思考的起点是客户的需求,根据客户需求考虑如何有效满足它,这点明显不同于许多技术创新。用一种技术可能有多种用途,技术创新的视角,常是从技术特性与功能出发,看它能用来干什么,去找它潜在的市场用途。商业模式创新即使涉及技术,也多是和技术的经济方面因素,与技术所蕴涵的经济价值及经济可行性有关,而不是纯粹的技术特性。 第二,商业模式创新表现的更为系统和根本,它不是单一因素的变化。它常常涉及商业模式多个要素同时大的变化,需要企业组织的较大战略调整,是一种集成创新。商业模式创新往往伴随产品、工艺或者组织的创新,反之,则未必足以构成商业模式创新。如开发出新产品或者新的生产工艺,就是通常认为的技术创新。技术创新,通常是对有形实物产品的生产来说的。但如今是服务为主导的时代,如美国2006年服务业 比重高达68.1%,对传统制造企业来说,服务也远比以前重要。

浅谈中小银行票据业务创新发展的思路

浅谈中小银行票据业务创新发展的思路 浅谈中小银行票据业务创新发展的思路 摘要:面对目前复杂的经济金融形势,中小银行在票据业务发展上的优势逐渐丧失,唯有创新才能带来新的发展。本文针对中小银行票据经营的现状和存在的问题,提出通过经营模式、业务流程、产品运用、合作模式、定价机制等方面的创新变革,从而促进中小银行票据业务发展,有效应对市场挑战。 关键词:中小银行;票据业务;创新思路 创新是企业生存和发展的灵魂。票据作为商业银行一项传统业务成为银行和企业在短期融资市场追逐的焦点,不断焕发新的活力。正是创新赋予了票据新的内涵,使票据在拓宽企业融资渠道和加快资金周转、改善银行信贷资产质量和流动性管理,促进货币市场完善等方面都发挥了积极的作用。纵观中小银行票据业务的发展史,以票据业务作为流动性管理工具、信贷规模调控手段和盈利性提升捷径已成为各行应对监管和资产负债管理压力屡见不鲜的做法。 一、中小银行票据发展中存在的问题 (一)业务单一,缺乏特色 在票据市场成长初期,政策相对宽松,中小银行凭借着灵活的经营优势在票据市场上表现活跃,但是由于整体资金实力、市场影响力和应变能力不足,曾经的大好局面难以为继。虽然在一些新兴股份制商业银行票据业务创新风潮的带动下,创新方面偶有昙花一现,但是整体来看,机械学习、被动模仿明显,存在业务品种少、规模小、原创性创新少、产品同质化、市场反应滞后等一系列问题,票据业务发展举步维艰。通过创新求变、通过变化盘活成为中小银行票据发展的必然出路。 (二)职能割裂,不能实现一体化管理 一些中小银行对票据业务的认识比较狭隘,认为贴现业务票据真伪审验风险高,贸易背景真实性难以把握,投入多,回报少,因此更乐于从事转贴现业务,对票据承兑和贴现业务参与度不高。在管理架

商业模式创新的四个维度

商业模式创新的四个维度 Prepared on 22 November 2020

商业模式创新的四个维度 商业模式的创新可以是局部性的,也可以是全局性的,只要符合企业家的个人价值观和企业文化,需要的资源能力又能够获取到的话,这种商业模式创新就具备了成功的条件。 因此,从点、线、面到体,商业模式创新都有用武之地。 点:从商业模式的某一个要素出发 从定位、业务系统、盈利模式、关键资源能力、现金流结构和企业价值中的任何一个要素出发,都有可能创新商业模式。 范例:远大中央空调的盈利模式创新 待解决问题,非电空调相比电空调节约1/3能耗,但设备定价比后者高出一倍,如何说服用户购买 模式简述:用户不购买空调,而由远大完成全部的铺装、改造工程并负责日常运营管理工作。由远大负责运营费用,用户只需交付之前运营费用的一部分即可。打个比方,假如一幢大楼改造前的用电费是200元,平方米,而由于远大采用的非电空调运营成本较低(省电),可以将全部费用(含空调设备、日常运营和设备折旧费用等)控制在130元/平方米,双方即达成价格协议,比如签约150元/平方米

(客户因此降低了50元的电费支出,而远大则获得了20元的净利润),超支或节支都与客户没有关系。合同期满后,若客户认为确实节能,愿意购买并自行运营,远大也支持,扣除已运行年限的折旧费用然后售出。 效果:寿命20年的设备,远大只需5年就可收回成本;用户不需要购买设备,还能比以前更低的费用享受到空调服务,很值。双方的互利使远大空调取得了巨大的成功。 点评:①功夫在诗外!解决销售难题并不一定要更换或者培训销售团队,也许需要的是重新设计企业的商业模式。②领先的技术总是昂贵的,技术创新固然值得敬佩,但是能够把昂贵的好技术卖出去的商业模式创新更值得喝彩。 线:思考价值链上的机会 一个完整的产业价值链包括原材料供应、研发、生产、制造、销售等环节,如果考虑到横向的合作伙伴或者相邻产业链,则企业的利益相关者就更多了。这些利益相关者之间存在利益竞争、利益共享或者风险共担等关系,充分分析这些关系,或可以为商业模式创新提供突破的机会。 范例:深发展的供应链金融

相关文档
最新文档