Chapter 6 从句的翻译

（一）重复先行词的中文句式, 可用非限定从进行翻译

I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.

他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.

他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

（二）省略先行词的中文句式,翻译时应补出先行词

It is he who received the letter that announced the bankruptcy of your company.

是他接到那封信，说你们公司破产了。

They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.

他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

（三）某些状语译成定语从句

（一）译成表示“时间”的分句

A driver who is driving the bus mustn’t talk with others or be absent-minded.

司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。

（二）译成表示“原因”的分句

He doesn’t want to talk with Mrs. Smith, who is very haughty and conceited now

他不愿和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在非常傲慢和自负。

（三）译成表示“条件”的分句

Men become desperate for any kind of work, which will help them to keep alive their families.

人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

（四）译成表示“让步”的分句

He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for

尽管他并没有这样的需要，他坚持要再买一幢房子。

（五）译成表示“目的”的分句

He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.

为了引起公众对这一事件的注意，他想写一篇文章。

He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.

为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料。

（六）译成表示“结果”的分句

They tried to suppressed the revolt, which spread throughout the country.

他们企图镇压反抗，结果反抗却遍及全国。

（七）译成表示“转折”的分句

She was very patient with the children, which her husband seldom was.

她对孩子们很有耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。

一、时间状语从句

时间状语从句的连接词常常有： once（一旦...），the moment（一...就），the instant （一...就），the day（在...那天），every time（每当...），by the time（等到....的时候）等。

1. 长短问题

While she spoke, the tears were running down.

她说话时，泪水直流。

2. 一…就问题

I’ll let you know as soon as I have it arranged.

我一安排好就通知你。

二、原因状语从句

now that（既然,因为），seeing that（既然），considering that（考虑到，因为），in that（由于,因为），in view of the fact that（鉴于）

Theory is valuable because it can provide a direction for practice.

理论之所以有价值，是因为它能给实践指出方向。

not...because的结构“并不是因为...”

I don’t teach because I like teaching. 我之所以教书并不是因为教书对我来说太

容易

The machine did not stop because the fuel was used up.

机器停了下来，并不是因为燃料耗尽了。三、条件状语从句

Providing(口)/provided that（假如,倘若if没有倘若的意思），so long as（只要），on condition that（条件是），suppose that （假如），in case（如果），only if（只要），if only（但愿，要是...就好了）

四、让步状语从句

While (尽管)for all that（尽管），granted that（即使），in spite of that fact that （尽管），despite the fact that（不管）

While we can not see the air, we can feel it.

我们虽然看不见空气，但却能感觉到它。

Although you don’t like the proposal, you shouldn’t have rejected it without consulting others.

即使你不喜欢这个建议，你也不应该没有同别人商量就把它否决了。

五、目的状语从句

In the hope that ,on purpose that , to the end that ,lest（以防），in case（以防，以免），for fear that（以防）从句中常有should, might 等助动词.

He emphasized it again and again, lest she should forget.

他反复强调这一点，免得她忘了。

They hid themselves behind some bushed for fear that the enemy should find them. 他们躲在树丛后面，以防被敌人发现。

六、结果状语从句中的双重否定

如果在主句中含有“never, never so, not so, not such”等否定词，“but that和but what”也可以连接结果状语从句，构成双重否定。翻译的时候，可以翻译为“没有...不”。

She never comes but she borrows.

她不借东西不来。（即：他如果不借东西就不来。）

She never calls her parents but she asks for money.

她如果不要钱就不给爸妈打电话