译林版英语8B Unit6 Sunshine for all (Reading知识点)

译林版英语8B Unit6 Sunshine for all (Reading知识点)
译林版英语8B Unit6 Sunshine for all (Reading知识点)

8B Unit6 Sunshine for all(Reading知识点)

【comic strip&welcome to the unit】

1. I’m training to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games. 我在训练成为一名奥林匹克运动会的志愿者。

→train此处用作动词,意为“培训,接受训练”。

He is training to be a doctor.

We should train students to form good habits. 我们应该训练学生养成好的习惯。【拓展】①train还可用作可数名词,意为“火车”。

I’ll go there by train. 我会坐火车去那儿。

②training是不可数名词,意为“训练”。

You need more training. 你需要更多的训练。

2. Will you support me, Eddie? 你会支持我吗,艾迪?

→support此处用作及物动词,意为“支持”。

We support you, Lily. 莉莉,我们支持你。

I don’t support his opi nion. 我不支持他的看法。

【拓展】①support还可用作不可数名词,意为“支持,拥护”。

He needs our support. 他需要我们的支持。

②supporter 可数名词,意为“支持者,拥护者”。

He has many supporters. 他有很多拥护者。

3. It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics. 为奥运会做事情是很有意义的。

→meaningful 形容词,意为“有意义的”,其反义词为meaningless,意为“无意义的”,在句中可作表语或定语。

What he did is meaningful. 他所做的很有意义。

He gave me a meaningful look. 他意味深长地看了我一眼。

4. How can I help then? 那么我怎么才能帮助(你)?

辨析:can与be able to

5. I need some more food to eat at work. 我工作时需要吃更多的食物。

→some more意为“再来一点,再多一点”,more多与some,many,much,any 或数词连用,并位于它们的后面,表示“再,又”。

I need two more tickets. 我还需要两张票。

Let’s cook your fish some more. 咱们把你的鱼再多烤一会儿。

【拓展】“数词+ more + 名词”相当于“another + 数词+ 名词”

We want to buy ten more apples. = We want to buy another ten apples. 我们想再买10个苹果。

6. They can provide special places for homeless people to stay. 他们可以为无家可归的人提供特别的地方居住。

→homeless 形容词,意为“无家可归的”,在句中可作定语或表语,它是由“home + 否定后缀less”构成的。

Floods made thousands of people homeless. 水灾使成千上万的人无家可归。

→provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 意为“为某人提供某物”。

They often provide food for hungry children.

= They often provide hungry children with food. 他们经常为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。

【reading】

1. Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Shanghai, back in October 2007. 当刘明为2007年10月在上海举行的夏季特奥会做志愿者时,他不知道能期待什么。

→expect 及物动词,意为“期待,指望,预料”。

I expect to meet my good friend in Paris. 我期待在巴黎见到我的好朋友。

I expect that he will pass the exam. 我期望他能通过考试。

→volunteer此处用作不及物动词,意为“志愿做”,还可以用作可数名词,意为“志愿者”。

I want to be a volunteer to help the children in the mountain areas. 我想做一名志愿者去帮助山区的孩子。

2. The Special Olympics World Summer Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。

→句中的with intellectual disabilities为后置定语,修饰children and adults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。

The students on duty are cleaning the classroom. 值日生正在打扫教室。

→chance 可数名词,意为“机会”,强调偶然性。

You have no chance now. 你现在没有机会了。

I will give you a chance to volunteer. 我会给你一个做志愿者的机会。

3. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics… 它们包括很多与奥运会类似的项目。

→event此处为可数名词,意为“比赛项目;大事”。

How many events are there at your school sports meeting? 你们学校运动会有多少比赛项目?

It’s an event in history. 那是历史上的一件大事。

→similar 形容词,意为“类似的”,be similar to意为“与……相似”,其中to为介词,其后多接名词或代词。

Their life is similar to ours. 他们的生活和我们的相似。

【拓展】be similar in 意为“在……方面相似”。

They are similar in colour. 它们在颜色上相似。

4. Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games. 为了2007年特奥会4万多人放弃了他们的休息时间。

→give up意为“放弃”,是动副结构的短语,此处作为动词词组使用,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。

He gave up the journey. 他放弃了这次旅行。

Don’t give up studying. 不要放弃学习。

【拓展】give up是动副结构的短语,后跟人称代词作宾语时,代词要放在动词和副词中间。

Don’t wor ry. I will give it up. 不要担心,我会放弃它的。

5. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success. 然后,他们为运动员提供支持,使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。

→ make the event a great success,是“make + sb./sth. + 名词”结构,其中the event 是make的宾语,a great success为其宾语补足语。

Hard life makes the boy a man. 艰苦的生活使这个男孩成为一个男子汉。

We made Tom our monitor. 我们让汤姆做我们的班长。

【拓展】make后还可以用形容词、过去分词作宾语补足语。

The boy often makes his mother angry. 这个男孩经常让他妈妈生气。

I can’t make myself understood in Chinese. 我说汉语,人家听不懂。

6. I was the swimming coach…我是一个……的游泳教练。

→coach此处为可数名词,意为“教练”,其复数形式为“coaches”。

Both of them are coaches. 他们俩都是教练。

【拓展】①coach还可用作及物动词,意为“训练,指导”。

Can you help coach a football team for little kids? 你可以帮助训练一支少年足球队吗?

②coach作为名词还有“客车,长途汽车”的意思。

A coach got to the station. 一辆客车到达了车站。

7. He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力缺陷。

→be bore with…意为“生来具有……”

He was born with a weak body. 他生来体弱。

8. To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver , but to take part. 对李海来说,最重要的不是赢得金牌或银牌,而是参与。

→gold此处为可数名词,意为“金牌”。

He won many golds. 他赢得了很多金牌。

【拓展】①gold还可用作不可数名词,意为“黄金,金子”。

How much gold do you have? 你有多少黄金?

②gold还可用作形容词,意为“金黄色的;金质的”。

The girl with a gold watch is Mary. 那个戴金表的女孩是玛丽。

9. He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games. 由于特奥会,他现在觉得更自信了。

→confident 形容词,意为“自信的”,可以作表语或定语。

He is a confident person. 他是一个自信的人。

【拓展】be confident of sth. 意为“对……有信心”;be confident后面也可以接that 从句。

Mary is confident of passing the exam.

= Mary is confident that she can pass the exam. 玛丽有信心能通过考试。

10. Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family. 来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者就像一个大家庭中的一员。

→feel like意为“觉得,感觉像是”,like是介词,后跟动词-ing形式。

I feel like that I am ill. 我觉得我病了。

【拓展】feel like 还可意为“想要,想”。

Do you feel like a cup of tea? 你想要一杯茶吗?

11. It’s gr eat for us to work closely with these special athletes. 对我们来说,能和这些特殊运动员们近距离共事真的很棒。

→closely 副词,意为“密切地”。

The teacher noticed that student closely. 老师密切地关注着那个学生。

辨析:closely和close

This problem is closely connected with that one. 这个问题与那个问题密切相关。His father lives quite close by. 他父亲和他住的很近。

My close friend’s house is close to the school. 我挚友的家紧邻学校。

It’s dangerous for us to take a _________ look at the tiger in the zoo.(close/closely)

12. You get to help them achieve their dreams… 你有机会帮助他们实现梦想……

→get to do sth. 此处意为“有机会做某事,得到做某事的机会”。

He got to take part in the Olympics. 他得到了参加奥运会的机会。

【拓展】get to sb. 意为“使某人恼怒或生气,影响某人”。

Don’t let them get to you. 不要让他们影响你。

→achieve 及物动词,意为“实现,达到”。主语多为人,长用来表示“取得成就,达到目的”。

Mary hopes to achieve her dreams. 玛丽希望实现她的梦想。

【拓展】come true 意为“实现”,其主语是梦想之类的事物;achieve的主语则

是人。

I think your dream will come true. 我认为你的梦想会实现的。

= I think you will achieve your dream. 我认为你会实现你的梦想的。

13. I know some people offer to help without getting paid for the event. 我知道一些人不要报酬主动为比赛项目提供帮助。

→offer to do sth. 意为“主动提出做某事”。

Mary offered to help me with my English. 玛丽主动提出帮我学英语。

【拓展】①offer sth. 提供某物

He offered some advice. 他提供了一些建议。

②offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物

They offered us hot water. = They offered hot water to us. 他们向我们提供了热水。

14. Maybe that’s why this event is so different from other usual games! 或许那就是这项比赛与其他平常运动会如此不同的原因!

→that’s why 意为“那就是……的理由/原因”,why引导的是表语从句。That’s why he is late for school. 那就是他上学迟到的原因。

→be different from 意为“和……不同”,其反义短语为the same as,意为“和……相同”。

Your shoes are different from mine. 你的鞋子和我的不一样。

15. What are the Special Olympics World Games for? 为什么举办特奥会?

→What…for? 意为“为什么……?”

--What are you here for? 你为什么在这儿?

--To meet my uncle. 来接我叔叔。

辨析:what…for和why

--Why were you late for school? 你为什么上学迟到了?

--Because I missed the early bus. 因为我没赶上早班车。

练一练:用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Will you give up ___________ (play) the piano?

2. It’s ___________ (meaning) to save the wild animals.

3. It’s easy for him __________ (achieve) his dream.

4. No one expects ___________ (lose) the chance.

5. I don’t feel like ___________ (eat) anything.

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