(精华版)初中英语语法基本从句汇总
（精华版）初中英语语法基本从句汇总从句的共同特点
从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子，充当什么成分就叫什么从句，如：充当宾语就叫宾语从句，充当定语成分就叫定语从句。
从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点：从句是句子。
从句的共同特点：1.从句都有自己的连接词2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前，谓语在后，如：He is a teacher主语He在谓语is之前，因此是陈述语序，而Is he a teacher?主语He在谓语is之后，因此不是陈述语序。)
1宾语从句
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
宾语从句的特点：
①宾语从句有自己的连接词
②宾语从句用陈述语序
③宾语从句的时态
1
①宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。
②宾语从句的语序;
A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrow
B.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：She asked me who had helped him.
③宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现”
A.主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)
B.主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。
如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth.
2状语从句
2
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
初中英语语法——If引导的条件状语从句(讲解及练习)
条件句从句主句 真实一般现在时一般将来时 情态动词+动原祈使句 非真实 一般过去时 be动词用（were） would/could+动原初中英语――条件状语从句（讲解&练习） Ⅰ条件状语从句的定义 Ⅱ条件状语从句的引导词 1.if引导的条件状语从句：表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world. 如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界 If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？ 注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 What would happen if there were no water ? 如果没有水会怎样？ 2.unless引导的条件状语从句，unless的意思是如果不，除非。可与if...not互换。 You will fail in English unless you work hard. 你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。 3.as /so long as引导的条件状语从句：as /so long as意思是“只要” So long as you're happy,i will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。 Ⅲ条件状语从句的种类 Ⅳ条件状语从句的时态原则 用法例句 ①主句为一般将来时态，if从句用一般 现在时态（即主将从现）。We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我将要呆在家。 ②主句中含有情态动词，if从句用一 般现在时态。If you finish your homework, you can go home now.如果你做完了作业，你现在可以回家了。 ③主句为祈使句，if从句用一般现在 时态。Don’t jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很热，不要跳入河里。 ④主句为过去将来时，if从句用一般 过去时态（如果涉及到be动词， 一律都用were）。此时，表达的是和现实相反的推测，用虚拟语 气。If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.如果我是你，我就不会那么做的。 If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你给我一些钱，我就会很高兴的。 二、if 引导的条件状语从句 （1）“if 从句+祈使句”的句子。其实，if 作为一个连词，主句也可以是其他形式的句子。 例如：If you want to go, please let me know. (2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句”
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
初中英语语法大全知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
初中英语语法状语从句大全
初中英语语法状语从句大全 1.时间状语从句 引导连词有when，while，till，not…until，since， after ,before ,as soon as The bus won’t start until everybody gets on. 公共汽车直到每人都上车为止，才开动。 When he knocked at the door I was cooking. 当他敲门时，我正在煮饭。 Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours. 昨天晚上在他回到家之前，他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。 After I went to church, I went shopping. 2. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向，哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。 Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句 引导连词有because，as, since。 He didn′t see the film because he had seen it. 他没有看那部电影，因为他已经看过了。 They couldn’t get on the train，for it was too crowed. 比较：because, since, as和for 1) because语势，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didn't go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则能 够用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.
(完整版)初中英语宾语从句专项练习(完整版)
宾语从句基本讲解与练习 宾语从句小口诀 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； if/whether,引，一般疑问句陈述句转that 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、概念宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起到二、连接词 在从句中不。that在非正式场合that可以省略)1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that ( 充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。没有人告诉杰克第二天有班No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 会。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn't pass the exam. 小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, 从句做宾语的动词有：that1】可跟【拓展等。agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定expect think, believe, suppose, 【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是
时，常把否定转移至主句表示。我认为他不会在会上发言的。I don't think (that) he can give a speech at the meeting.so等后，可用等动词以及I'm afraid 【拓展3】在think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 代替一个否定的宾语从句。代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not eg: --- Do you believe he will come? 你相信他会来吗？ --- I believe so. 我相信会。 我相信不会。I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) --- 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语引导的宾语从句, whether或if 2. 以。或whetherif在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”从句，从句是陈述句语序。He asked me if he might use my knife. →He asked me. ？eg: “May I use your knife” 】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人1【注意1 称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。 eg: “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me whether I know her telephone number. 【注意2】：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 ①当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if。 eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic. 我们在讨论是否去野餐。 ②引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether。 eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 请让我知道是否开展下一步行
初中英语语法大全汇总
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