数学实验软件

重庆科技学院

数学实验与数学软件课程设计

课程名称：菜单与对话框设计

开课学期：_2014-2015-1

学院:__ 数理学院

开课实验室：_数学实验与建模实验室_

学生姓名: 谭云文

专业班级: 应数13-2班 __

学号:___ 20134432214 _

实验十二

我们本次实验做的是菜单与对话框设计，所谓菜单与对话框的设计包括在图形用户界面中。而图形用户界面是由窗口、菜单、对话框等各种图形元素组成的用户界面。因为在这种用户界面中，用户的操作既生动形象，又方便灵活，这是它的一大特点。

在MATLAB中，基本的图形用户界面对象包含3类：用户界面控件对象、下

拉式菜单对象和快捷菜单对象，可以设计出界面友好、操作方便的图形用户界面。

其中MATLAB用户菜单对象是图形窗口的子对象，所以菜单设计总在某一个图形

窗口中进行。MATLAB的图形窗口有自己的菜单栏。为了建立用户自己的菜单系

统，可以先将图形窗口的MenuBar属性设置为none，以取消图形窗口默认的菜

单，然后再建立用户自己的菜单。对话框是用户与计算机进行信息交流的临时窗

口，在现代软件中有着广泛的应用。在软件设计时，借助于对话框可以更好地满

足用户操作需要，使用户操作更加方面灵活。为了更便捷地进行用户界面设计，

MATLAB提供了图形用户界面开发环境，这使得界面设计在可视化状态进行，设计过程中变得简单直观，实现了“所见即所得”。

例1

一、实验目的

1. 掌握plot菜单的方法。

2. 掌握建立控件对象的方法。

3. 掌握对话框设计的方法。

二、实验内容

设计图1所示的菜单。

菜单条上仅有Plot菜单，其中有Sine Wave、Cosine Wave和Exit共3个命令。若选择了其中的Sine Wave命令，则将绘制出正弦曲线；若选择了其中的Cosine Wave命令，则将绘制出余弦曲线；如果选择了Exit命令，则将关闭窗口。

程序如下：

screen=get(0,'ScreenSize');

W=screen(3);H=screen(4);

figure('Color',[1,1,1],'position',[0.2*H,0.2*H,0.5*W,0.3*H],...

'Name','图形演示系统','NumberTitle','off','Menubar','none');

%plot

hplot=uimenu(gcf,'Label','&Plot');

uimenu(hplot,'Label','Sine Wave','Call',...

['t=-pi:pi/20:pi;','plot(t,sin(t));',...

'set(hgon,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hgoff,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hbon,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hboff,''Enable'',''on'');']);

uimenu(hplot,'Label','Cosine Wave','Call',...

['t=-pi:pi/20:pi;','plot(t,cos(t));',...

'set(hgon,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hgoff,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hbon,''Enable'',''on'');',...

'set(hboff,''Enable'',''on'');']);

uimenu(hplot,'Label','&Exit','Call','close(gcf)');

三、运行结果

1.点击SineWave函数将出现我们所需要的图像，如图：

2点击CosineWave函数将出现我们所需要的图像，如图：

3.点击Exit命令，这个窗口将会关闭。

例5

一、实验目的

1. 掌握图形用户界面（GUI）设计的模板和窗口。

2. 掌握GUI可视化设计工具。

二、实验内容

采用图形用户界面，从键盘输入参数a、b、n的值，考察参数对极坐标曲线rho=a*cos(b+n*theta)的影响。

三、运行步骤

1.打开MATLAB，选择File命令下的New，建立GUI界面，如下图：

2.建立GUI界面，然后添加相应按钮：

，分别更改其代码为a,b,n。则出现：

，删除其代码，则为：

不做处理，绘制其画图区域大小：

添加绘图按钮：，更改代码为：绘制图像。

处理好后完整如下图：

3.在此窗口中的View中选择M-file Editor，即出现相应的程序代码：

4.然后添加极坐标曲线pho=acos(b+n*theta)程序（代码），如下：

function varargout = untitled5(varargin)

% UNTITLED5 M-file for untitled5.fig

% UNTITLED5, by itself, creates a new UNTITLED5 or raises the existing

% singleton*.

%

% H = UNTITLED5 returns the handle to a new UNTITLED5 or the handle to

% the existing singleton*.

%

% UNTITLED5('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local

% function named CALLBACK in UNTITLED5.M with the given input arguments.

%

% UNTITLED5('Property','Value',...) creates a new UNTITLED5 or raises the

% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are

% applied to the GUI before untitled5_OpeningFunction gets called. An

% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application

% stop. All inputs are passed to untitled5_OpeningFcn via varargin.

%

% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one

% instance to run (singleton)".

%

% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Copyright 2002-2003 The MathWorks, Inc.

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help untitled5

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 08-Jan-2015 16:30:47

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...

'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @untitled5_OpeningFcn, ...

'gui_OutputFcn', @untitled5_OutputFcn, ...

'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...

'gui_Callback', []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end

if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before untitled5 is made visible.

function untitled5_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin) % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% varargin command line arguments to untitled5 (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for untitled5

handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes untitled5 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)

% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = untitled5_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);

% hObject handle to figure

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

else

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor' ));

end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

else

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor' ));

end

function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text

% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as

a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

% See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

else

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor' ));

end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)

% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

a=get(handles.edit1,'string')

b=get(handles.edit2,'string')

n=get(handles.edit3,'string')

theta=0:0.01:2*pi;

rho=a*cos(b+n*theta);

polar(theta,rho,'r')

四、运行结果

运行其程序，则出现：

输入相应的值，则出现对应图像：

若输入a=10,b=0.1，n=10,则

若输入a=0.1，b=10，n=10，则