化学专业英语试卷

2009 —2010学年第一学期

化学与材料学院（系）07级应用化学专业

《专业英语》期末试卷

1.Write the structural formula or Chinese name for each of the following

(2% for each answer):

（1）barium ion: （2）chlorate ion:

（3）potassium ion: （4）carbonic acid:

（5）ammonium ion: （6）pyrrole:（吡咯）

（7）polystyrene: (聚苯乙烯) （8）p-hydroxybenzoic acid:(对羟基苯甲酸)（9）benzonitrile (苄腈) （10）critical pressure: （临界压力）（11）methanal: （甲醛）（12）buffer solution :（缓冲溶液）（13）alkali burette:（碱式滴定管）（14）extract ：(萃取)（15）tetrasulfur dinitride: （S4N2）（16）aldose:（醛醣）（17）sodium dihydrogenphosphate (磷酸二氢钠)

（18）zinc oxide:

（19）6-ethyl-4-methyldecane:

（20）quantitative analysis: （定量分析）

2.Write the English name for each of the following(2% for each answer):

（1）IBr: （2）天平（balance）（3）阴离子(anion) （4）H2SO3

（5）滴液漏斗: （dropping funnel）（6）CuNO3:

（7）AgF: （8）滴定（n.）:(titrate)（9）Ca(MnO4)2: （10）辛醇:

（11）十三烷：

（12）(CH3CH2)2Hg: (diethylmercury)

（13）

CH3CHCH CH2

3:

（14）

CH3CH2CHCOOH

CH3: （15）

CHO

HO

2：（2-amino-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde）

3.Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:

(1)Pick the size of your separatory (sep.) funnel. You will usually use 125 or 250-mL,

large scale reactions (1–10 g) can require 500-mL or 1-L sizes. Remember that your sep. funnel will contain the solvent and wash liquid which must be thoroughly mixed. (5% for the answer)

参考答案：挑选出你要的分液漏斗的大小。你通常会使用125毫升或者250毫升的分液漏斗，对于大规模的反应（1-10克）你需要使用500毫升或1 L的分液漏斗。记住你的分液漏斗将含有溶剂和洗涤液，必需予以彻底的混合。

(2)Dilute the crude reaction mixture with your solvent of choice and transfer to your

chosen sep. funnel. Large amounts of material require large amounts of solvent.

Normal reactions (50-500 mg of product) can be diluted with between 25–100 mL of solvent. (5% for the answer)

参考答案：用你所选用的溶剂稀释反应粗产物的混合物，并且转移到你选择的分液漏斗中。大量的材料需要大量的溶剂。正常的反应（50-500毫克的产品）能用25-100毫升溶剂稀释。

(3)Dry the organic layer. After removing your solution from the aqueous phase, a

drying agent is added to remove all traces of water. This is usually MgSO4, more effective and faster, but slightly acidic; or Na2SO4, less effective and slower, but neutral. These compounds bind to any water remaining in the organic solution, forming clumps when they react. A decent amount of drying agent should be added, but as long as some solid is not clumped, no more needs to be added. (6% for the answer)

参考答案：干燥的有机层：从水相中取出溶液后，干燥剂的加入是为了除去遗留下来的水份。通常使用硫酸镁作干燥剂，因为它非常有效而且吸水很快，但是略带酸性，或者也可以用硫酸钠，只是效益比较和速度比较慢，但是中性的。这些化合物会和有机溶液中的水相结合，当它们发生反应时就会形成团块。应该有足够量的干燥剂被加入，但是只要一些固体不会形成团块，就不需要再加入更多的干燥剂。

(4)Distillation is an extremely useful technique that is used to purify reagents and

separate crude product mixtures. There are two varieties of distillation atmospheric pressure and reduced pressure. (4% for the answer)

(5)

参考答案：蒸馏是一个非常有用的技术，用于分离纯化试剂和粗产品的混合物。一般有两种蒸馏方法：常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏

以上的参考答案由吴明江提供，仅供参考。

4.Read the Abstract from Reactive & Functional Polymers 66 (2006) 1278–1283and

then answer the questions:（中文回答）

Tuthor: Qinghua Zhang, Shouxin Wen, Ziqiang Lei .

Title:Heterogeneous Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones using hydrogen peroxide

as oxidant catalyzed by aminomethyl polystyrene resin-supported tin complex.

Abstract: An aminomethyl polystyrene resin supported tin complex (PS-Sn) catalyst

was prepared by a simple procedure and found to be an active and selective catalyst

for the Baeyer-Villiger (BV) oxidation of cyclic and acyclic ketones including

2-adamantanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone,

4-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and

cyclopentanone using 30% hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. This polymer-supported tin

complex acts as an efficient and stable heterogeneous catalyst for the Baeyer-Villiger

oxidation of ketones by 30% hydrogen peroxide. The catalyst can be prepared in large

scale in a simple manner and can be recycled.

(1) What oxidant was used in the BV oxidation (3% for the answer)

(2) What do the words “acyclic” and “heterogeneous” mean (3% for the answer)

(3) What are the advantages of the catalyst (4% for the answer)

Heterogeneous 非均相的acyclic 无环的catalyst 催化剂