同位语用法
用法
用法1
由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的同位语。
Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
（Mr. Smith是主词our new teacher的同位语,指同一人。）
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.
昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。
a friend of my brother's是受词Tom的同位语,指同一人。
用法2
如同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。
He told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.
他本人对我讲,他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。
（brother和John都是单一的字作同位语,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。）
Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr. James.
昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了。
（同位语Mr. James补充解释my English teacher,同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开。）
用法3
同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.
我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
He is interested in sports, especially ball games.
他喜欢运动,特别是球类运动。
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同位语从句
先行词
1．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question， thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。
例如：
①The boy who is playing football is my classmate．
②Those who work hard will succeed．
③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody．
④Th e fact that you are talking about is important．
在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，其先行词是名词 boy，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在②句中，划线部分也是定语从句，其先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在③句中，划线部分是同位语从句，其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，④句便是一例。
由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。
2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。
例如：
①I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing．
②I have no idea when she will be back．
在①句中，划线部分是when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的名词；
在②句中，划线部分是when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea则不是表示时间的名词。
引导词
定语从句和同位语从句共同的引导词有四个：that，when，where，why。下面把四个引导词分成两类说明它们在两种从句中的不同用法。
1．引导词that
引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词，它除了起连接作用，还在定语从句中充当一定成分，并且在意义上代表先行词；引导同位语从句的that叫做从属连词，它只起连接作用。
例如：
①The news that you told me yesterday was re ally exciting．
②We heard the news that our team had won．
在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，在意义上指代先行词news。
在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句，that没有任何意义，只起连接作用。
2．引导词when，where，why
引导定语从句时，它们叫做关系副词，在从句中充当状语，可以转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式；引导同位语从句时，它们叫做连接副词，在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式。
例如：
①I will never forget the day when I joined the army．
②We have no idea when she was born．
在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，when在从句中作状语，它可以转换成on which的形式；
在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句， when在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式。
③This is the house where I lived two years ag o．
④He put forward to the question where the meeting would be held．
在③句中，划线部分是定语从句，where在从句中作状语，它可以转换成in which的形式；
在④句中，划线部分是同位语从句， where在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式。
⑤This is the reason why she will not attend the meeting．
⑥The teacher had n o idea why Jack was absent．
在⑤句中，划线部分是定语从句，why在从句中作状语，它可以转换成for which的形式；在⑥句中，划线部分是同位语从句，why在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词＋关系代词"的形式。
同位语从句、定语从句区别
that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句，其区别在于：同位语从句由连接词that引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代；定语从句由关系代词that引导，关系代词that 在从句中充当一定的成分，作宾语时可省略.
由when，where，why引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用，没有指代作用；定语从句由关系副词引导，关系副词具有指代先行词的作用，常用一个介词加关系代词替换。例如:I will never forget the day when we first met. （定语从句, when为连接词） That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget. （定语从句，which/that 为关系副词） This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago. （定语从句, where为连接词） This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago. （定语从句，where为关系副词
完整word版,同位语从句讲解及练习
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
英语同位语部分讲解
同位语 1.名词短语充当同位语 1. Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bon Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering，has been crude. ’(1998-2-5) 哈佛学者、一家迅速发展的面包咖啡连锁店的前总执行官.莱昂纳多史莱辛格说.许多“重组”是不成熟的。 2. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition，by Paul R. Gross,a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University. (1998-3-2) 由于科学经费减少，科学家在好几本著作中对“反科学”进行了攻击。值得注意的是，弗吉尼亚大学的生物学家保罗R 格洛斯和罗特杰斯大学的数学家诺曼列维合著的《高级迷信》；康奈尔大学的卡多萨根所著的《魔鬼出没的世界》。 3. Intellect, according to Hosfstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. (2004-4-6) 在霍夫斯旦德看来,才智和天分是不同的，天分是我们不大情愿羡慕的品质。 4. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. (2003-4-5) 我也深知在医疗开销少得多的日本和瑞典，他们的人均寿命比我们长，而且更健康， 5. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. (1999-3-2) 相反，我们对美国公民有某种理念，如果他不能充分判断他的生活和幸福如何受到其外界的影响，他就是一个不完善的人。 2. that 引导的从句充当同位语 1. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s，neurologists had
同位语从句用法
一、同位语从句的引导词 引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。 1. 由that引导 We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。 They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。 The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。 I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。 The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。 He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun.他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。 【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如： They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。 They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。 There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。 I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。 【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如： He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 由whether引导 There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。 Answer my question whether you are coming. 你回答我的问题：你来不来。 The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。 We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。 【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
英语同位语用法的六种易错点
英语同位语用法的六种易错点 当两个指同一人或事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，若其中一个句子成分是用于说明或解释另一个句子成分的，那么用于起说明或解释作用的句子成分就叫做另一成分的同位语。如： Laura Myers, a BBC reporter, asked for an interview. 劳拉·迈尔，BBC的记者，要求采访。 Influenza, a common disease, has no cure. 流行性感冒是一种常见病，无特效药。 Mary, one of the most intelligent girls I know, is planni ng to attend the university. 玛丽是我所认识的最聪敏的姑娘之一，她正准备上大学。 Who is that man, the first in the front row? 前排第一个人是谁? We have two children, a boy and a girl. 我们有两个孩子，一个男孩和一个女孩。 以上所举的同位语例子都是同位语的基本形式，一般不会出错。但有有几种同位语，或由于身本结构特殊，或由于它修饰的成分结构比较特殊，往往会引起误解。现小结并举例说明如下，希望引起同学们的注意。 一、代词we, us, you等后接同位语 Are you two reading? 你们二人在看书吗? They three joined the school team. 他们3人参加了校队。
She has great concern for us students. 她对我们学生很关心。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子经常一起去看电影。 【温馨提示】若能在书面表达中巧妙地用上一两处这样的同位语，也可以算为你的作文增加了一个小亮点。 二、不定式用作同位语 Soon came the order to start the general attack. 很快下达了发起总攻的命令。(to start the general attack与the order 同位) He followed the instruction to walk along a certain stre et where I picked him up. 他照吩咐沿某一条街走，我在那里接他上了车。(to walk along…与the instruction同位) 【温馨提示】当心单项填空就这类结构命题。 三、-ing分词用作同位语 He’s getting a job tonight driving a truck. 他今晚得到一个开卡车的差事。(driving a track与a job同位) She got a place in a laundry ironing shirts. 她在一家洗衣店得到一个熨衣服的职位。(ironing shirts与a place同位) The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。(attacking at night与the first pla n同位) 四、形容词用作同位语
同位语从句讲解与练习
同位语从句讲解与练习． 同位语从句讲解与练习 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,
news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that
Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语 从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。． We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个 问题我们还没有决定。
英语同位语
在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。 例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。 例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。 The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。 二、同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句用法小结
同位语从句用法小结 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、常见带有同位语从句的抽象名词 advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim（声明、主张），conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement（声明、陈述），suggestion，thought，warning，wish，word 二、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，whether），连接代词(what ,who等)连接副词（how，when，where）。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. I have no idea what he is doing now.。 There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小。 He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there. It's a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题 注：在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如： There is no doubt that Tom will keep his promise. 三、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.
英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解
英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解 一．主语： 主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)，是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。 1．名词作主语。 A tree has fallen across the road. (倒下横在) Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。) 2．代词用作主语。 You’re not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。 He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话，但没有引人发笑) 3．数词用作主语。 Three is enough. 三个就够了。 Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。 4．名词化的形容词用作主语。 The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。 Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。 5．副词用作主语。 Now is the time. 现在是时候了。Carefully does it. 小心就行。 6．名词化的介词作主语。 The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 7．不定式用作主语。 To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。 It would be nice to see him again. 8．动名词用作主语。 Smoking is bad for you. Watching a film is pleasure,but making one is hard work. 9．名词化的过去分词用作主语。 The disabled are to receive more money. The deceased died of old age. 10.介词短语用作主语。 To Beijing is not very far. From Yenan to Nanniwan was a three-hour ride on horseback. 11.从句用作主语。 Whenever you are ready will be fine. Because Sally wants to leave doesn’t mean that we have to. 12.句子用作主语。 "How do you do ?" is a greeting. “你好”是一句问候语。 二．谓语 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。 谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 1．由简单的动词构成。 (1). What happened? 发生了什么事？ (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off 飞机是十点起飞的。 2．由动词短语构成的谓语。 (1). I am reading. 我在看书。 (2). What’s been keeping you all this time? 这半天你在干什么来着？
同位语从句专项讲解及练习含答案
同位语从句。 一. 同位语从句定义。 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词/先行词后面，用以说明该名词/先行词表示的具体内容。 二. 同位语从句的名词/先行词。 1．可以跟同位语从句的名词/先行词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。 例：I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 在某些名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 例：There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 3．有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词/先行词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 三. 同位语从句的引导词。 1.连词that引导，引导同位语从句的that不能省略，which不能引导同位语从句。 例：The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。 2. 连词whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。 例：The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 3.其它引导词引导，连接代词what,who,whom,whose，引导同位语从句。 1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. 问题谁来接替他的位置还不是很明朗。 4. 连接副词when,where,how,why 引导。 例：We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 四. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 意义的不同。 同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来： We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句） We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句） 2.引导词的不同。 what,how,whatever 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。Which可引导定语从句但不引导同位语从句。3. 引导词的功能上的不同 that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。 4. 被修饰词语的区别。
高考英语同位语从句考点
高考英语最可能考的同位语从句 英语中有两类从句所修饰的名词可以叫“先行词”，一类是定语从句，一类是同位语从句。同学们知道，定语从句所修饰的先行词数量很多，单是指人和指物的名词就有千千万万个，但英语中的同位语从句则不同，它所修饰的先行词非常有限，中学英语中最常用的可能只有几十个，并且高考可能重点的考查只有十几个： 1. chance 可能性 chance后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如： I think that there is every chance that you will succeed. Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in Paris 2. doubt 怀疑 doubt后接that引导的同位语从句，表示对某事的怀疑。如： There is no doubt that the world is getting warmer. There’s no doubt that one day a cure will be found. 3. fact 事实 fact后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个事实的具体内容。如： The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever. 4. evidence证据 evidence后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个证据的具体内容。如： Do you have evidence that this treatment works Is there any scientific evidence that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting 5. hope希望 hope后接that引导的同位语从句，表示希望的具体内容。如： Is there any hope that they will be home in time The President has expressed the hope that relations will improve. 6. idea 想法 idea后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。如： It’s based on the idea that all people are created equal. Where did you get the idea that she doesn’t like you
同位语从句及同位语
10级A班第六组作业 同位语从句 一、同位语从句的概念在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句, 其主要用途就是对前面的名词做进一步解释说明该名词的具体内容。 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常就 是: news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word, possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish 例句: I just got word that he is not coming this evening 、 Wehaven 't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summervacation 、The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last for ever There is no doubt that he is guilty 、 There is great doubt whether he did so or not 、 二.同位语从句的先行词同位语从句的先行词通常就是抽象名词, 常见的有:idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability 例句: 等等。How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣, 对这个问题骗子就是怎样解释的? The news that his heath is failing made us sad 、 她健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。 I have no idea where they are spending their holidays 、我不知道她们在哪里度假。 The question who should do the work requires consideration 、谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑 There is no doubt that he will come here again 、她会再来这里, 这就是毫无疑问的。He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents 、她被就是否接受她们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。 三.同位语从句的引导词 1、连词that 引导同位语从句 The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong 、您认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法就是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane 她拿起了手提箱, 给人的印象就是她要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 以下名词常用于以上句型: advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word
同位语用法
用法 用法1 由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的同位语。 Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。 （Mr. Smith是主词our new teacher的同位语,指同一人。） Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。 a friend of my brother's是受词Tom的同位语,指同一人。 用法2 如同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。 He told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor. 他本人对我讲,他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。 （brother和John都是单一的字作同位语,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。） Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr. James. 昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了。 （同位语Mr. James补充解释my English teacher,同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开。） 用法3 同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。 We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.
我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 He is interested in sports, especially ball games. 他喜欢运动,特别是球类运动。 [编辑本段] 同位语从句 先行词 1．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question， thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。 例如： ①The boy who is playing football is my classmate． ②Those who work hard will succeed． ③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody． ④Th e fact that you are talking about is important． 在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，其先行词是名词 boy，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。 在②句中，划线部分也是定语从句，其先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。 在③句中，划线部分是同位语从句，其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，④句便是一例。 由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。 2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。
同位语从句讲解
初中英语语法同位语从句专项讲解与训练(一) 概念 一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有： advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, p roposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息）， problem， question, doubt, thought等。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你从哪儿听说我不能来？ 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。 （二）引导词 请仔细观察下列句子，注意从句引导词的用法。 1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. 3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting 4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our s ummer vacation this year. 6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 7. I have no idea when he will be back． [小结归纳] ① that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1； ② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句2; ③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句，如句3， 4； ④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句，如句5，6，7。 (三) that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句 ①意义不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；而定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的先行词。试比较： 1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.
同位语从句的使用规则
同位语从句的使用规则 认真观察下列句子，总结同位语从句使用的规则。 He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里。 We came to the decision that we must act at once. 我们做出决定：我们必须立即行动。 It’s a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 I have no idea what he is doing now. 我不知道他现在在干什么。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 She raised the question where we could get the fund. 她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。 规则: 1)用做同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语的从句与先行词等同或同行，其先行词为：Advice,indication,assumption,agreement,discovery,fear,message,proposal,story,theory,request,trut h,opinion,hope,suggestion,conclusion,order,decision,possibility等引导。 2）that在同位语从句中没有词义，不充当句子成分；而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。 3）Whether，what，how可以用来引导同位语从句；而它们不能用来引导定语从句。另：if 不能引导同位语从句。 4）Who，whom，when，where，why用来引导同位语从句是保持原来疑问词的含义，语序用陈述句语序；它们用来引导定语从句时，不具有疑问句的含义。