最新中考五大基本句型精讲精练

中考五大基本句型精讲精练

1.主+系动词+表语（S+V+P）

1）表特征和存在状态的：be , seem , feel , look , taste , smell , sound ,appear .

2）表状态延续的：keep , stay, stand ,remain .

3）表状态变化的：become , get , turn , go , come, run ,fall , grow

Eg. Alice is a lovely girl.

He seems happy.

The cake tastes good.

The students often keeps quiet in class.

The boy became a teacher at last.

They are in the classroom.

The window was broken.

His job is to teach computers.

The problem is where we should go.

His idea is that everyone has a picture.

作表语的：名词，形容词，过去分词，v-ing ,介词短语，从句

练习：１.长大后他成了一个老师。______________________________________________ ２.我的梦想是成为一个作家。___________________________________________

3.树叶变黄了。________________________________________________________

4..这个消息听起来激动人心的。_________________________________________

5.昨晚他感到有一点儿饿。______________________________________________ 2.主语+不及物动词(vi.）（可有副词修饰）(S+V)

不带宾语

It rained hard last night.

He runs quickly.

We must go.

不及物动词+介词+宾语

He lives in Nanjing.

Mary is listening to the music.

I go to school from Monday to Friday.

练习：

１）事故是昨晚发生的。________________________________________________

２）那个老人是去年冬天死的。__________________________________________

３）这部小说很畅销。__________________________________________________

4)我的家乡在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。

_________________________________________________________________

5)不要笑话别人。______________________________________________________

3.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)

We like him.

The workers are build ing a house.

练习：

１）我们必须每天练习讲英语。________________________________________

２）你不能犯同样的错误。_____________________________________________

3) 昨天晚上他与一个同学打了了架。_____________________________________

4）友谊对我们来说意味着很多。（matter）_______________________________________

5) 下周六我们将在湖上划船。________________________________________________ 4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+DO+IO)

My father gave me a book yesterday.=My father gave a book to me yesterday.

He bough t his girlfriend some flowers =He bought some flowers for his girlfriend.

1）和to连用的双宾语动词

give , show , pass , offer, hand, lend ,pay , sell, send, write, teach, tell, wish etc.

He passed me a piece of paper .=He passed a piece of paper to me .

He writes me a letter every week.=______________________________________

I sold James my car for $800 =__________________________________________

2)和for连用的双宾语动词

3)make , buy , bring , fetch, get , order , save , sing , spare ,

His father bought him a computer.=_____________________________________________ Fetch me some chalk ,please.=_________________________________________________ Can you spare us a few minutes?=_______________________________________________

练习：

１）他把座位让给了我。_______________________________________________________ ２）昨天他父亲给他买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

______________________________________________________________________________ 3）张老师教我们语文。________________________________________________________

4) 这个组织为孩子们提供各种书籍。_____________________________________________

5)你能借我一些钱吗？________________________________________________________ 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)

You should not make your mother angry.

I often heard birds sing in the morning.

I find English very easy.

A man can lead a horse to the water, but he can’t make it drink.

练习：

1）我发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。____________________________________________________ 2）我使学生一直在读课文（keep)______________________________________________

3)我发现这本书很有趣。____________________________________________________

4）我们选他当班长。_______________________________________________________

5)当时他听到有人在呼救。________________________________________________ ６.There be 句型：

There is a house near the lake.

There are many amazing things in the world.

There will be / used to be /seems to be / must be / happens to be

There lies / stands / lives / exists ….

练习：

1）下周我们学校将有一场篮球赛。_________________________________________________ 2）这儿曾经有个图书馆。________________________________________________________ 3）在桌子上有一支钢笔和一些书。________________________________________________ 4）在这篇文章中移动有一些错误。________________________________________________ 5）有两个学生在教室读英语。____________________________________________________

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。

When a man was walking by some elephants, he suddenly stopped He wondered why these huge animals were being held only by a small rope tied to their front legs. No chains, no cages. It was clear that the elephants could break the rope at any time, but for sonic reason, they did not.

He saw a trainer nearby and asked why the animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well," the trainer said, "when they were very young and much smaller, we used the same rope to keep them from running away. At that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free."

The man was surprised. These animals could break flee whenever they wanted, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.

How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we failed at it once before?

Failure is a part of learning. If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. So don't be afraid of failure and keep on trying. （1）Why did the elephants never try to break the rope after they grew up?

A. Because they liked being tied.

B. Because they were too weak to break it.

C. Because they didn't want to break it.

D. Because they thought they couldn't break it.（2）The underlined word "stuck" in Paragraph 3 means" ".

A. left

B. caught

C. killed

D. found

（3）What does the writer want to tell us?

A. Elephants should be set flee.

B. Failure can help us succeed.

C. Never let failure stop you from trying again.

D. People should look after the elephants well.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一个男人看到大象被绳子绑住了一只脚而不逃走，由此引发对人生的思考。

（1）细节题。根据原文提到了As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break tile rope. They believe it can still hold them, so they never try to break free. 可知大象小时

候被绑住，长大了以后依然认为绳子可以拴住他们，故选D。

（2）推断题。根据原文提到了 because they believed they couldn't, 可知他们认为自己已经被这根绳子困住了，故选B。

（3）主旨大意题。根据原文提到了 If we failed once, it doesn't mean we can never succeed. If we try again and again, maybe we will succeed one day. 可知作者想告诉我们永远不要被困难打倒，坚强起来，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．根据内容，判断下列句子正误。

On a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, "Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?"

The father didn't reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, "Get some water from the river with the basket and then I'll tell you the answer."

The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked (漏掉) from the basket.

An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile. "Yes, you are right, my son. The basket can't hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?" The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, "Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we can't remember all we read, we have changed while reading."

（1）The father was used to reading in the morning.

（2）The son wondered if reading was good for him.

（3）The father didn't answer his son's question because he thought it was stupid.

（4）The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.

（5）From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.

【答案】（1）1

（2）1

（3）0

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】主要讲了父亲是怎样教育儿子读书的好处的。

（1）细节题。根据The father always got up early and read books by the stove.可知父亲总是早起在炉子旁边读书，故填正确。

（2）细节题。根据Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. What's the good of reading?可知儿子问父亲读书的好处是什么，即想知道读书是否有好处，故填正确。

（3）细节题。根据后文可知父亲通过用篮子取水的事情回答儿子的问题，故填错误。（4）细节题。根据The son found the dirty basket had become clean可知儿子发现脏的篮子取水后变得干净，故填错误。

（5）细节题。根据全文可知读书可以对人产生作用，故填正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

Once there was a small hotel whose keeper was always caring about money.

One day, a businessman arrived. The keeper looked at the man's thick wallet and thought, "Oh, I wish that all the money could be mine!" The businessman didn't notice that, so he ordered the most expensive room and went to his room to dress for dinner.

Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger(姜) plants. Many people said that eating the buds(芽) of ginger would make a person forgetful.

The keeper thought, "If I serve some buds of ginger to the businessman, he may be forgetful to take his wallet!" Then she went to the kitchen.

Soon, businessman came downstairs and asked for dinner. The keeper was very excited as she served the dish to him. "Delicious!" said the rich man. When dinner was finished, he went to bed happily.

In the next morning, the keeper saw the businessman leaving from the front door. As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. Suddenly, she noticed a piece of paper on the floor. It was the businessman's bill(账单). He had forgotten to pay it! She ran down the stairs, out of the front door, and across the road until she was out of breath, but the businessman was already far, far away. "I'm so silly!”" cried the keeper.

（1）The keeper came up with an idea to own the businessman's money when __________.

A. she dressed herself

B. she cooked the meal in the kitchen

C. the businessman went upstairs happily

D. she thought of the buds of ginger around her hotel

（2）The keeper ran into the businessman's room as soon as he left because __________.

A. she wanted to find the man's bill

B. she wanted to find the key to the man's room

C. she wanted to check if the man had left his money there

D. she wanted to see if the man had broken anything in the room

（3）Which if the following is NOT true according to this passage?

A. The keeper realized the buds of ginger didn't work in the end.

B. The keeper ran after the businessman because of the bill.

C. The businessman didn't know the rumor (谣言) about the buds of ginger.

D. The businessman didn't pay the keeper's bill because he lost his money.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Around the hotel, there were some beautiful ginger(姜) plants. Many people said that eating the buds(芽) of ginger would make a person forgetful. 可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据As soon as he was out of sight, she ran up to his room. She looked all over the room for the wallet, but she couldn't find it. 可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据He had forgotten to pay it! 可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。

4．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

D

In Paris, one freezing winter evening, I was having dinner with my friend, Mr. Dupin, the famous detective. We had just finished our meal, when there was a loud knocking at the door. Dupin opened it. There stood Mr. Germain, the chief警长）of the Paris Police.

We welcomed him warmly, for he was an old acquaintance（熟人）whom we hadn't seen for a great time.

"I need your assistance," said Germain. "I met a case（案件）that has been giving me a great deal of trouble. It is very simple but very strange."

“Also, please keep this secret. If anyone found out that I told you this. I would certainly lose my job.”

“Well, then,” said the Chief,” I have learned that a very important letter has b een stolen from the king. We are sure who stole it and that the letter is in his house."

"But who would dare do such a thing" I cried.

"The thief," said Germain softly, "He's a man who darers do many dangerous things. He is one of the most powe rful and important ministers in the government. He is Minister Danton.”

"A lot of times, while Minister Danton was out, a lot of well-trained police officers carefully searched the entire house, room by room. In fact, we examined everything in the house but found nothing."…

A month later, Dupin asked Germain and me to his house. There he took out a letter and handed it to the Chief. We were both very surprised.

Dupin explained, "I know Minister Danton very well. He could not hide the letter in any of the usual hiding places. I realized that he might have left the letter out in the open, right under everyone's nose, where no one would search for it."

"Then I visited him with my dark glasses on to help me observe（观察）better. While we were chatting, a dirty, torn letter in the letter holder suddenly caught my eyes-unusual for the Minister, who is careful and neat."

"I was sure it was the letter."

"Then I purposely left my gloves behind so I could come back again."

"The next morning, I hired a man to fire a gun on the street, while the Minister went to see what happened, I stole the letter by replacing it with a similar one, On it Dupin wrote these words:

Your plan was good, but mine was better

As you can see, I took the letter.

----Based on a story by Edgar Allan Poe

（1）The underlined word "assistance" in the third paragraph probably meanshere.

A. hobby

B. help

C. habit

D. holiday

（2）Who is the best at solving difficult cases according to the passage?

A. The writer.

B. Mr. Germain.

C. Mr. Dupin.

D. Minister Danton.

（3）Dupin did all the following things to help get the letter back EXCEPT .

A. wearing his dark glasses when visiting Danton's house

B. leaving his gloves purposely behind in Danton's house

C. hiring a man to fire a gun on the street the next morning

D. writing some words on the letter he put into the letter holder

（4）From the passage we can infer that .

A. Dupin and Danton are also acquaintances

B. Dupin and the writer are both detectives

C. Danton and the writer are new friends

D. Germain and Danton are dangerous enemies

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述法国巴黎的著名侦探杜宾先生的故事。警长因为一个棘手的案子请杜宾帮忙找回国王丢失的一封信，他知道信在部长那里，但是就是找不到。杜宾先生去了部长家里，凭着敏锐的眼睛发现了那封信的所在，然后巧妙的将信调包，帮助了警长。

（1）词义猜测。根据I met a case（案件）that has been giving me a great deal of trouble可知警长遇到了很麻烦的案子请杜宾先生帮忙。hobby爱好；help帮助；habit习惯；holiday假期。故选B。

（2）推理判断。根据文章内容In fact, we examined everything in the house but found nothing.和A month later, Dupin asked Germain and me to his house. There he took out a letter and handed it to the Chief. 可知没人找到那封信在哪里，但是一个月后杜宾先生找到了，故选C。（3）细节理解。注意题目：为了得到那封信，杜宾先生做了以下事情，除了哪一个。根据 "Then I visited him with my dark glasses on to help me observe（观察）better.可知A项正确；根据Then

I purposely left my gloves behind so I could come back again可知B项正确；根据The next morning, I hired a man to fire a gun on the street可知C正确；根据I stole the letter by replacing it with a similar one, On it Dupin wrote these words……可知D项虽然也是文章内容，但是并不是杜宾为了取得信而做的事情。所以选D。

（4）推理判断。根据I know Minister Danton very well. 和I visited him with my dark glasses on 以及While we were chatting,可知杜宾与丹顿部长是熟人。故选A。

【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题

5．阅读理解

Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States. It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects(可触摸的实物) since 1913. Here's a list of some interesting exhibits in the museum.

（1）How many children's museums in the US are older than Boston Children's Museum?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（2）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The museum is over 100 years old.

B. Arthur is a real person.

C. Parents cannot go into Art Studio.

D. Japanese House is in Kyoto right now.

（3）Seven-year-old Tony is interested in checkers games. Which exhibit should he visit?

A. Art Studio.

B. The Common.

C. Japanese House.

D. Kid Power.（4）Children can learn about healthy eating at _______________.

A. Arthur & Friends

B. Art Studio

C. Japanese House

D. Kid Power

（5）The passage is most probably a _______________.

A. speech

B. notice

C. poster

D. story

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍波士顿儿童博物馆，这里孩子可以触摸实物，并且介绍了博物馆一些有趣的展览处所。

（1）细节题。根据Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States.波士顿儿童博物馆是美国第二最古老的儿童博物馆。可知，美国只有一个博物馆比波士顿儿童博物馆更古老，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects(可触摸的实物) since 1913.可知，博物馆已有100多年了，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game.可知，托尼对跳棋游戏感兴趣，可以去the common，故选B。（4）细节题。根据This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising.可知，孩子们可以在Kids power学习到健康饮食，故选D。

（5）推断题。本文介绍了波士顿儿童博物馆，而且详细介绍了博物馆里一些处所，这篇文章很可能是一篇海报，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6）