高三英语一轮复习： 定语从句+名词性从句+主语从句练习题(附带答案和解析)
定语从句
1. After living in Australia for many years, Louise finally returned to the country she was born.
2. There are many good websites you can check out the latest in the science world.
3.Another saying which has come from the fable is "God helps those help themselves”.
4. Then Needham began his lifelong research, ended up creating the greatest work--Science and Civilization in China.
5. His interest started a few years ago, he was in college and studying wildlife science.
6. There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary people play less seriously.
7. He was a great scientist and extraordinary man work and legacy will live on for many years.
8. That is an Oxford college, famous graduates include the late Benazir Bhutto.
9. But it's not like many other countries there seems to be tension among the different cultures.
10. Then, a fire, broke out in 1969 on Cleveland's Cuyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water.
11. Pupils, usually come from the fifth or sixth grade, are
divided into different teams and try to write down every word according to its pronunciation.
12. I am already looking forward their next visit I can show them more of what Seville offers.
13. Finally, after four hours, they arrived at the campsite their parents were waiting.
14. A survey was conducted in 16 cities with over one million population showed high proportion of urban Chinese have been suffering such health problems.
答案解析
1.where/in which 句意：在澳大利亚生活了许多年之后，路易斯最后
回到了她出生的那个国家。先行词为the country，先行词在从句中与介词in构成in the country做地点状语，故用where/in which。
2.where/on which 句意：在许多好的网站，在上面你可以查阅科学
界的最新内容。先行词为websites，先行词在从句中与介词on构成on the websites做地点状语，故用where/on which。
3.who 句意：来自那则寓言的另外一个格言是‘天助自助者’。先行
词是those，在从句中做主语，并且先行词是人，故用who。
4.which 句意：后来Needham开始了他毕生的研究，该研究最终成
就了那本巨著-----《中国科学技术史》。根据空前逗号可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是his lifelong research，在从句中作主语，且先行词指‘事物’，，故用which。
5.when 句意：他的兴趣开始于几年前，当时他正在上大学研究野生
动物科学。先行词是a few years ago，在从句中作时间状语，故用when。
6.who 句意：有大约4000万名竞技型乒乓球选手，另有许多普通人
以休闲方式打乒乓球。主句是there be句型，先行词是many ordinary people，在从句中作主语，且先行词是人，故用who。7.whose 句意：他是一个伟大的科学家还是一个非同寻常的人，他
的工作成果和遗产将继续存在很多年。此处所填内容在从句中作work and legacy的定语，故用whose。
8.whose 句意：那是一所牛津的大学，毕业于该校的著名人物包括
已故的贝娜齐尔*布托。此处所填内容在从句中作graduates的定语，故用whose。
9.where 句意：但是它不像许多其他的国家，在那里不同文化之间
的关系似乎很紧张。此句先行词是many other countries，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。
10.w hich 句意：然后一场大火揭示了水的化学污染问题，这场大火
于1969年发生在克利夫兰的凯霍加河。由逗号可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是物，且关系词在从句中做主语，故用which。
11.w ho 句意：小学生们通常来自五年级或六年级，他们被分成不同
的团队，试图根据读音写出每一个单词。先行词是Pupils，指人，且关系词在非限制性定语从句中做主语，故用who。
12.w hen 句意：我已经在期待他们的下一次来访，在那时我可以向他
们展示Seville提供的更多东西。先行词是their next visit，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用when。
13.w here 句意：最后，在4小时之后他们到达了野营地，他们的父
母正在那里等着。先行词为campsite，在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。
14.t hat/which 句意：一项在16个人口过百万的诚实进行的调查表明
遭受这样的健康问题困扰的中国市民占了很大的比例。先行词为survey，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故用that或which。
名词性从句
1. There is a very good chance he may rob me.
2. I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes, is left isn't enough for my designs.
3. The WHO has stated that of the 56.5 million deaths per year around the world，over50 percent are caused by diseases closely associated with unhealthy diet and lack of exercise and many of these deaths could be prevented.
4. was most difficult was that in order to realize this dream，I needed to find an existent cafe that wasn't doing well.
5. The historical reason for beginning the new year in such a time is it is the time between autumn harvest and spring plowing and planting. In other words, it is the time for rest, relaxation and celebration after a year’s hard work.
6. It's possible that one way out could be blocked by fire or smoke, so you'll want to know other ones are.
7. Darwin wondered a great deal about he saw.
8. It’s time to start by reading aloud to might like it.
9. Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or from they see on television or on the Internet.
10. Do you know a story gets into the newspaper? Here is an example.
11. Many people say they are impressed by how interesting the show is and they can stop laughing when they watch it.
12. Some people told stories about old times, and others wrote down they remembered.
13. After seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding----- I made it!
14. Statistics show over 200 billion yuan is spent every year on food that ends up in the garbage.
15. From the perspective of consumers, it can save some time for people who don't have much spare time. Just click the mouse, and they can get they want while staying at home.
答案解析
1.that 句意：他很有可能会打劫我。本题考查的是同位语从句。
‘ he may rob me’为同位语从句，作chance的同位语，该从句不缺任何成分，也不缺任何意义，故用that。
2.what 句意：我首先必须要去掉所有腐烂的部分，有时剩下的部分不够我设计使用。“is left”为主语从句，设空处在从句中作主语且表示“物”，故填what 。
3.that句意：世界卫生组织公布全世界每年有5650万人死亡，其中有
50%以上是由与不健康的饮食密切相关的疾病和缺乏锻炼造成的，这
些死亡许多是可以避免的。“ many of these deaths could be prevented”与“ that of the 56.5 million deaths per year around the world，over 50 percent are caused by diseases closely associated with unhealthy diet and lack of exercise"并列，都作 stated的宾语，设空处所在的宾语从句，不缺任何成分，故填that 由于与前面that引导的宾语从句并列故设空处所填的that不可省略。
4.What句意：很困难的是为了实现这个梦想，我需要找到一家经营
不好的实体咖啡店。“ was most difficult为主语从句，该从句缺少主语且设空处表示“事物”，故填What。
5.that 句意：在这个时候开始新的一年的历史原因是这个时间在秋收
和春季耕地、播种之间。换言之，它是一年的艰苦劳作之后休息、放松、庆贺的时间。The reason is that….为固定句式，故填that。
6.where句意：很可能某个出口被火或者烟阻隔了，因此你想知道别
的出口在哪里‘ other ones are’为宾语从句，设空处表示地点，
意为“哪里”，故填 where。
7.what句意：达尔文对他看到的东西感到非常惊讶。设空处引导宾语
从句，从句中缺少指物的宾语，故由what引导宾语从句。
8. whoever介词to后面是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，设空处表示
“任何…的人”，故答案为 whoever。
9.what句意：事实上，孩子们是从大人身上或者在电视或者网络上看到的东西上学到暴力行为的。第二个from后接宾语从句，从句中缺少指“物”的宾语，故由what引导该从句。
10。how句意：你知道一个新闻事件是如何刊登在报纸上的吗?以下就是个例子。根据语境可知由how引导宾语从句，表示方式。11. that句意：很多人说他们对这个非常有趣的节目印象深刻，当他们观看时他们笑得停不下来。and连接了两个并列的宾语从句，两个宾语从句结构完整，故由that引导。第一个从句中的that可省略，但是第二个从句中的that不可省略。
12. what 句意：有人讲出了过去的事情，而其他人则写下他们所记得的事情。wrote down后为宾语从句，从句中缺少指“物”的宾语，故用what。
13.what句意：好像过了一百年，我发现我的观众在鼓掌----我成功
了！After后为宾语从句，从句中 seemed前需要主语，指物，故用what。
14.that句意：数据显示，每年有超过2,000亿元被花费在了最终被扔进垃圾箱的食品上。Show后为宾语从句，从句结构完整，故用that。
15.whatever/ what句意：在消费者看来，这可以为那些没有多少空闲时的人节约时间。在家里点击鼠标，他们就可以买到自己想要的(任何)东西。get后为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故由what引导宾语从句。 whatever无论什么、不管什么，也可引导该宾语从句。whatever引导宾语从句，意为：…的任何东西。
状语从句
1. there are many positive developments associated with the Internet, there are also certain, fears and concerns.
2. it's difficult to master the language, he considers it important for his future career.
3. Talking about fires can be scary no one likes to think about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.
4. The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys at last it reaches the sea.
5. The song “ A little bit longer”by Nick Jonas is an emotional and inspiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears.
6. We know that tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be
followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
7. Researchers have found, in their experiment, that a baby's cries can cause unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them we are parents or not.
答案解析
1.While/ Though/ Although句意：虽然因特网出现了许多积极的发展势头，但也存在着某些令人害怕、担忧之处。设空处表示“虽然”，故填While// Though/ Although。
2. While/Though/ Although 句意：虽然掌握这门语言是困难的，但是他认为这对他的未来职业来说是重要的。‘ it’s difficult to master the language’为让步状语从句，设空处表示‘虽然’，故用While/Though/ Although。
3.because 句意：谈论火灾可能会令人害怕，因为没人愿意考虑人们受伤或者他们的东西被烧。设空处引导原因状语从句，该原因状语从句说明主句发生的直接原因，故填because。
4. till/until句意：长城自西向东蜿蜒前进，横穿沙漠，跨过高山，穿过山谷，最终到达大海。设空处引导时间状语从句，意为“直到“，故填until/till。
5.such句意：Nick Jonas所写的《坚持到底》是如此扦情、鼓舞人心的一首歌，以至于每当我听到它都几乎会落泪。本题考查“s uch+a/an 形容词+单数名词+that从句”结构，意为：如此….以至于….。
6.whatever句意：我们知道无论你们组被分配了什么任务，都有几项
规则要遵守，来确保这是一次有效益的成功的体验。whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意为“无论什么…”。
7. whether句意：研究者们在他们的实验中发现，婴儿啼哭能够引起头脑中独特的情感反应，使得我们不可能忽略他们，无论我们是不是父母。whether…or….可用来引导让步状语从句，意为：无论…还是…..。
高考真题
定语从句
1. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.
2. Kate, sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
3. Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
4. The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
5. My eldest son, work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
6. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
7. I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.
8. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
9. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of has been proved.
10. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.
11. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.
12. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 13. It is truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
14. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.
15. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
16. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
17. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently.
答案解析
l. which句意：她和家人都骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。本题考查定语从句。根据题干可知从句修饰的是前面的整句话，“她和家人骑自行车上班”这件事充当了定语从句中的主语成分，且此定语从句前出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导。
2.whose句意：凯特去澳大利亚工作了。上大学期间我和她妹妹住同一房间。本题考查定语从句。先行词为Kate，将先行词代入定语从句后为：I shared a room with Kate's sister when we were at college.由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作定语，先行词指“人”，故填关系代词whose.
3. where句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处于同一条起跑线上的领域。考查定语从句。设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area。由此可知先行词与表地点的介词in一起在定语从句中作地点状语，所以要用关系副词where。
4. that/which 句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小麻烦有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。本题考查定语从句。题干中，The little problems是先行词，we meet in our daily lives是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此应用that/which引导定语从句。
5.whose句意：我的大儿子现在在纽约，他的工作让他走遍世界各地。设空处引导的定语从句修饰先行词son，空格处在从句中作定语修饰work，所以要用关系代词whose 。
6. whose句意:1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，它的目标之一是减缓全球范围的饥荒。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme，与定语从句中的purposes是所属关系，即the World Food Programme’s purposes, 故用whose。
7. whose句意：我隔壁住着一对夫妻，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。先行词为 a couple，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The couple's
children often make a lot of noise由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故答案whose。
8.when句意：我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。先行词为next week，将先行词代入定语从句后为The weather may be better next week可见，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
9. which句意：就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出了许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。先行词为theories，将先行词代入定语从句后：None of the theories has been proved.由此可见先行词(指“物”)在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故答案为which.
10.where句意：该公司的老板在努力营造一种轻松的氛围，在这种氛围中，他的员工们可以享受工作的乐趣。先行词为atmosphere，将先行词代入定语从句后为：His employees enjoy their work in the easy atmosphere.由此可知关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。
11. which句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。先行词为ski11，将先行词代入定语从句后为：School education depends upon the fundamental skill由此可见关系词在定语从句中作介词upon 的宾语；本句中介词upon已被提前，故答案为which.
12. which句意：《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的一句话，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
13.which句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看上去和100年前的样子一样，有航蜒的街道和漂亮的村舍。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为place，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The place looks the same as……。由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语并且指‘事物’故用which。
14.when句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是期盼着他能够独立的时先行词为time，将先行词代入定语从句后为：He should be independent at the time。由此可见关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为when。
15. whose句意：桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。本题考查定语从句。先行词为The books，与从句中的covers为所属关系，故答案为whose。
16. where句意：创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。本题考查定语从句. 先行词为atmosphere，将先行词代入定语从句后为：In the atmosphere employees feel part of a team.关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语，故用where。
17. which句意：英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故后面部分应为定语从句，又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以填which。
名词性从句
1. Without his support, we wouldn't be we are now.
2. This is my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
3. The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.
5. Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
6. She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
7. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used to charge.
8. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she was heading.
9. Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.
10. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.
11. The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
12. It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
13. I truly believe beauty comes from within.
14. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
15. Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.
16. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.
17. We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
18. A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ships are built for.
19. I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
答案解析
1.where 句意：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不会是现在的情形了。本题考查表语从句。根据句意可知，设空处意为“情形，情况，形势”，用where引导。
2.what句意：这就是父亲教给我的------永远面对困难并寄予最大的希望。本题考查表语从句。根据句意可知，表语从句中taught me后缺少直接宾语—“教会了我什么”，因此用what引导。
3. whoever句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。本题考查宾语从句‘‘wins the first place in the bicycle ra ce”为宾语从句，该从句缺少主语，且设空处表示“任何人”，故填whoever，相当于anyone who。
4. how句意：坐船是到达这里的唯一方式，我们就是坐船到达这里的。考查表语从句。which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中设空处引导的是表语从句，结合语境和By boat可知，此处表达到达这儿
的方式，所以要用how引导。
5.whoever句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，且表示“无论谁”，故填whoever。
6. whether/if 句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆，我承认我还没有归还。设空处引导的是宾语从句，根据句意可知该宾语从句要用whether/if引导。
7.what句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元，这是其过去要价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语且表示“事物”，故用what引导。
8. where句意：Jane在绿树成酶的街道上漫无目的地走着，不知道她要去哪里。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语成分，故用where引导。
9. Whatever句意：你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都有帮助。本题考查主语从句‘‘you can do”为主语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且表示“任何事情”，故答案为Whatever(相当于Anything that)。
10. that句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人们可以完全免受尘土的影响。本题考查表语从句。“ one can be entirely free from dust’’为表语从句，该从句中不缺少成分，意思完整，故用that引导该表语从句。
11.that句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作
要做。本题考查同位语从句。‘‘w e should have an assistant”为同位语从句，说明suggestion的内容，应用that引导该同位语从句。that 只起连接作用，不做成分。
12.that句意：对于那些不放弃希望的人来说，发生任何事情都是有可能的，这是很常见的。考查主语从句。本句中it为形式主语, ‘‘ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”为真正的主语；该从句结构完整，故由that引导。
13.that句意：我确信美丽源自内在。“beauty comes from within”为宾语从句，该从句结构完整，故用that .
14.How句意：我们理解事物的方式与我们的认知有很大关系。“we understand things”为主语从句，该从句中缺少方式状语(如何)，故用How。
15. Where句意：李白，伟大的中国诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。“Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born”为主语从句。该从句中缺少地点状语，故答案为Where。
16. what句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要查明水下的状况。经常会有岩石或树枝隐藏在水中。“is below the water surface。为宾语从句，作动词Investigate的宾语，该从句中缺少主语且表示“事物”，故答案为what。
17. when句意：我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。“Karl is coming”为宾语从句，作动词短语find out 的宾语，该从句中缺少时间状语，故答案为when。
18. what “ships are built for”为表语从句，该从句中缺少宾语且表示“事物”，故答案为what。
19. what句意：我认为他的画给我留下深刻印象的是他对色彩的使用。在主语从句impresses me about his painting中，所缺的词作主语且表示“物”，所以填what。
状语从句
1. we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
2. Let' s not pick these peaches until this weekend so they get sweet enough to be eaten.
3. you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
4. birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
5. If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people you figure it out.
6. Located the Belt meets the Road Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
7. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, he's in his nineties.
8. I really enjoy listening to music it helps me relax and takes my
mind away from other cares of the day.
9. the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
10. online shopping has changed our Iife, not all of its effects have been positive.
11. the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
12. It is so cold that you can't go outside fully covered in thick clothes.
13. We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it.
14. Just a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
15. scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know.
16. students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
17. the Job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
18. The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times it finally came to include the sense " pleasant’’.
19. You will never gain success you are fully devoted to work.
20. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left I could ask
定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案(推荐文档)
you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation A. which B. that C. where D. in that A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought ____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if 1. Is this the factory 2. Is this factory 3. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic __ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, work as chemists. this idiom can be used? 12. people spend so much money on their pets us a lot.
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
名词性从句里面各个连接词的区分 陈述语气 That +陈述语气（肯定语气）： 空气污染对气候有很大影响是明摆的事实。 真可惜我们不能去游泳. 特殊疑问词+ever whoever, whatever, …… 无论谁触犯了法律都应该被惩罚。 疑问语气 Whether 和if 你是否接受她的邀请与我无关。 People are involving in a debate aboutwhether parent should parents make suggestions to teachers. 特殊疑问词 Who 谁泄漏了那个消息还不得而知。 where 我不知道要去哪里。 What 我也在质疑近来她都在做什么。 I am doubting what she is doing. It is your heart that makes you noble. What makes you noble is your heart. 我不知道要选择哪一个
How, 我不知道该怎么做 Why 1)为什么他走得那么匆忙是一个问题。 可以在后面加上疑问语气的同位从句的先行词有哪些？ Issue，problem，question，puzzle, debate，doubt 延伸：名词性从句省略主语的情况： I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what I can do. 条件是，从句里的主语和主句的主语是一样的。 非谓语动词作状语，当主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致，可以省略非谓语里面的主语，否则，应当在非谓语前面加上非谓语的主语。 Playing basketball，Mike is strong. Weather permitting, I will go out for a picnic. 时间状语从句：主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致 While eating an apple, I was playing football. 事实上是对While I was eating an apple, I was playing football. 的省略。 同位语重句
名词性从句之主语从句讲解
名词性从句---主语从句 1. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2. Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3. I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 引导名词性从句的关联词可分为三类： 一．从属连词：that（无任何词意） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分二．连接代词：what, who, whom, which，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever(作主宾表定) 三．连接副词：when, where, how, why(作状语) I.主语从句 1.定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 2.位置：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 3.引导主语从句的关联词： (1)从属连词that,whether,if (在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用) That Jack won the match yesterday surprised us. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. (此处不能用if) (2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(充当主宾表定) What she did is not known. Whoever comes is welcome. (3)连接副词where,when,how,why(在从句中充当状语) How this happened is not clear to anyone. When the meeting will be held is decided by our manager. 4.有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子末尾。 How the book will sell depends on its author. = It depends on its author how the book will sell. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. = It is obvious that he is the best student in the class. 用it作形式主语的几种常见结构： (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It ap pears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
高三英语一轮复习： 定语从句+名词性从句+主语从句练习题(附带答案和解析)
定语从句 1. After living in Australia for many years, Louise finally returned to the country she was born. 2. There are many good websites you can check out the latest in the science world. 3.Another saying which has come from the fable is "God helps those help themselves”. 4. Then Needham began his lifelong research, ended up creating the greatest work--Science and Civilization in China. 5. His interest started a few years ago, he was in college and studying wildlife science. 6. There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary people play less seriously. 7. He was a great scientist and extraordinary man work and legacy will live on for many years. 8. That is an Oxford college, famous graduates include the late Benazir Bhutto. 9. But it's not like many other countries there seems to be tension among the different cultures. 10. Then, a fire, broke out in 1969 on Cleveland's Cuyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. 11. Pupils, usually come from the fifth or sixth grade, are
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法? 定语从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句分别用哪些关系词?如何用? 特别是that和what的区别 在英语教学中，关系词常常是学生容易混淆的问题。在某些情况下，学生常常不知道该使用那一个关系词,这个问题常是教学中的重点或难点。因此，本文就学生在学习关系词“that”、“which”、“whose”、“what” 时经常容易出现问题的几个难点部分进行分析，以便于教学中让学生注意区别它们的用法。 一．在定语从句中关系词用法的差异 1．关系代词“that” 与“which” 的区别 在限定性定语从句中，我们知道关系词指代人时，常用who、whom 、whose (或that)，指代物时常用whi ch 或that 。例如： 例1．Where is the girl who / that sells the tickets? （卖票的女孩子在哪？） 例2．I’ve lost bananas which / that I bought this morning. (我把今天早上买的香蕉丢了。） 在上述两个例子中who 和which都可以由that 替代。但是当先行词是all、little、few 或是由every(thin g)、any(thing)、no(thing)、none、much、only 修饰时，关系词要用that不能用which 。例如： 例3．Is this all that is left? （是不是就剩下这一个了？） 例4．Have you got anything that belongs to me? （你那有我什么东西吗？） 例5．The only thing that matters is to find our way home .（只有一件事最重要，那就是找到回家的路。） 除上述情况外，当先行词由序数词或最高级修饰时，关系词必须用that（见例6和例7）。 例6．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan . (我们应该做的第一件事是定个计划/ 我们应该首先定个计划。) 例7．This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen . （这是我看过的最好的影片。）此句中的that 在从句中做宾语，可以省略。 2．关系副词与关系代词的区别 在定语从句中，当先行词是人或物时，从句的引导词用关系代词；而当先行词是表示时间和地点时，常用关系副词引导。但有时常遇到先行词是表示时间或地点的名词，关系词却要用关系代词。请看例句： 例1．This is the place where we worked last year.（这是我去年工作过的地方。） 例2．This is the place which / that we visited last year.（这是我去年参观过的地方。） 上述两个句子的主句相同，先行词都是place ，但是它在两个从句中的功用不同。例1中的place 指的是从句中谓语动词发生动作的地点（… worked in the place），因此，关系词要用关系副词where (= in wh ich)。而例2中的place是从句谓语动词的宾语(…visited the place)，关系词指代的是动作的承受对象，所以要用关系代词which或that ，不能用关系副词where 。 例3．I still remember the day when Nanjing was liberated.（我一直记着南京解放的那一天。） 例4．I still remember the day which / that we spend together.（我一直记着我们共同度过的时光。） 例3中的day 在从句中做状语(表示…on the day) ，所以用when 。例4 中的day 是从句中spend 的宾语(…spend the day) ，所以要用which 或that 。 由此，我们可以看出：当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，用关系代词还是用关系副词引导定语从句，要根据先行词在句子中的功用。当先行词在从句中表示的是时间或地点（在从句中做状语）时，要用关系副词；当先行词在从句中做宾语（表示动作的承受者，有时先行词在从句中做主语）时，就要用关系代词。 3．在非限定性定语从句中指物时只能用which
新高考下的英语定语从句
定语从句 考纲要求： 掌握定语从句的基本知识；区分定语从句和名词性从句的性质和用法。 在具体的语境中考查非限制性定语从句的引导词以及“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；设置语境，考查抽象地点或时间概念的名词作先行词时关系副词的选择，甚至通过增加先行词的隐蔽性来增加试题的难度；考查定语从句的特殊句型，即：特定词汇+of whom/which 引导的定语从句。 复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从的连接词有关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as 和关系副词when, why, where等。这些关系代词或关系副词有替代先行词，连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当成分三个作用。定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。 限制性从句是句子不可缺少的部分，主句和从句间不用逗号隔开。 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，去掉不影响主句意思的完整性。一般用逗号把主从句分开。关系代词that不可以引导非限定性定语从句，其他可引导定语从句的连词均可引导非限定性定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。有时先行词是关系代词前的整个句子。 1.当先行词是人： 关系词要用who, whom, that, whose等，其中who/that 在从句中课充当主语或宾语，whom 在从句中只能充当宾语，whose在从句中充当定语,不可省略(of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词+of whom。) This is the man who/that can speak several foreign language.（who/that 在从句中作主语，不可省略） I like the girl (who/whom/that)you referred to yesterday.(who/whom/that 在从句中作宾语，可省略） The government tried to help the old woman whose son (of whom the son/the son of whom）died in the war. [注意：whose与所修饰名词之间无任何冠词，否则要用of whom] 注意： ?若连接词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，代替人必须用whom，且不可省略There is nobody in the street to whom I can turn for help.(turn to sb for help 求助于某人) ?若介词在后面，则who, whom或that均可引导从句，且可以省略。 There is nobody in the street that /who/whom I can turn to for help. （填一填）The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. ?在下列情况下多用who或whom,而不用that ①先行词是all, anyone, one, ones, those, people等时 All who can dance well will be invited.（who在从句中作主语） Those who (whom)he knows will be invited.(who/whom在从句中作宾语） ②在被分割的定语从句中 A new teacher will come who will teach us English. ③在there be句型中 There is a girl who wants to see you. ④一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用that引导，为了避免重复，另一个用who. Every student that is from China who likes English will have a chance to get a book. 2.当先行词是物： 连接词要用which，that，whose，which/that在从句中作主语或宾语；whose在从句中作定语，后直接跟名词，无冠词，若有则用of which。（whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中做定语,相当于my, his, her, its, their 等修饰人或物。of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。） The building which/that stands in the center is our school library.（which/that在从句中作主语，不可省略） This is the book (which/that)you want.(which/that 在句中作宾语，可以省略） The building whose window (of which the window)faces south is our school library.(作定语）（填一填）Look out! Don't get close to the house ________ roof is under repair. 注意： ?如果关系代词在句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，必须用which，且不可省略。 The house in which I live is near yours. The house (that/which )I live in is near yours.
表语从句与主语从句
表语从句与主语从句 表语从句和主语从句以及宾语从句都要用陈述语序。 Ⅰ.表语从句 在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句称为表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后， 最为重要的是我们应该为牛找到足够的水。 The doubt is who has taken away the valuable vase. （主语，人） 疑点是谁拿走了那只贵重的花瓶。 My topic today is what most scientists are researching.（宾语，物，没有选择范围） 我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。 The problem is which school will be chosen.(which在从句中作定语) 问题是哪一所学校将被选中。 All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 表语从句中应注意的问题 (1)because，why引导的表语从句。 because引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“……的原因”，相当于the reason why。 That’s because he didn’t understand me. (That’s because...强调原因) 那是因为他不理解我。 That’s why he got angry with me. (That’s why...强调结果) 那正是他对我生气的原因。 (2)what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。 What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。 The reason why I was sad/for my being sad was that he didn’t understand me. 我难过的原因是他不理解我。 (3)使用虚拟语气的表语从句 在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea，request，requirement等。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不应该把它放在一边。 （4）as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，即形式常用过去式的某种时态。
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习复习进程
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday. 名词性从句（Noun Clauses）---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。 e.g. I don’t know who she is. (宾语) This is why I came here.（表语） 区别： 第一，定语从句有先行词，且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整； 名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词，同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。 e.g. The news that they told me excited me. （the news可以放入从句中，使句子完整，即they told me the news） The news that our team won excited me. (the news无法放入从句中，所以是同位语从句） 第二，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 第三，最关键也是最重要的区别： 1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于，前者在句子中做名词，而后者相当于形容词，修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时，通常不充当从句的句子成分，故that 可省去。但定语从句由that引导时，如在从句中充当主语时，则that不能省去。 2.使用中最大的区别：定语从句由于在句子中只作定语，故去掉它，整个句子还完整，就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分（主语，宾语或表语），故去掉它们，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ，原句变成is known to all in our town。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后，原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。 A：That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town . B：The pen that is on the desk is mine .
高三英语定语从句翻译技巧
定语从句翻译技巧 英语和汉语分属两种不同的语系，其差别很大，翻译起来有诸多困难，英语定语从句的汉译便是困难之一。由于定语从句在英语中应用十分广泛，因此，我们必须想办法、找方法、寻规律，从而很好地解决它。 一、限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行项起限制作用，在意义上与先行项密切不可分。 如被省去，主句的意思就含糊不清，甚至变得毫无意义。关系词和先行项之间一般不用逗号分隔。 （一）定语词组 ①I have but one lamp by which my feed are guided.我只有一盏指路明灯。 ②It was so with the vast railroad yards with the crowded array of vessels she saw in the river.火车站广大的场地，河里鳞次梯比的船只，她也同样不能理解。 ③Before following her in her round of seeking，let us look at the sphare in which her future was to lie.我们暂且把她找寻工作的事搁下来不谈，先看一看她的前途所寄托的这个世界。 ④…and the thread which bound her so lightly to girlhood and home were irretrievably broken……而那些把她和少女时代以及故乡轻轻系住的柔丝，不得不就此断绝了。 翻译这类从句，常常是将关系词省去，在句未加“的”字，放在被修饰项之前。当然，也可视其情况不用“的”字，如①和②。这种译法用得普遍，尤其适用于译简短的定语从句。 （二）并列从句 1）省略英语的先行项 ①The lungs are subjecd to several diseases which are treatable by surgery.肺易受几种疾病的侵袭，但均可经手术治疗。 ②A little way on she saw a great door which，for some reason，attracted her attention.又走了一些路，她看见一个大门，不知怎的，引起了她的注意。 ③As a result， a hum of gossip was set going which moved about the house in that secret manner common to gossip.结果就造成一阵闲话，暗中在公寓里流传，闲话一般都是如此的。
主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类：
主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类,用从属连词that引导的主语从句,例如：That we shall be late is certain. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调,属正式文体,连词that不可以省略；但是在一般情况下,往往使用先行it结构,即用it作形式主语,而把that从句放到后面,这时,在口语中,连词that 有时则可以省略.所以上述两句可以改为： It is certain that we shall be late. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 如果整个句子是疑问形式,就只能用先行it结构,例如： Is it true that he would take the risk?
Is it possible that they will come tomorrow? 常使用先行it结构,用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型： 1、It + be + 形容词+ that从句： It is clear that he was telling the truth. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 2、It + be + 名词词组+ that从句： It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 3、It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that从句： It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 4、It + be + 过去分词+ that从句： It is said that he has been there many times. 5、It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+
定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句 定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 一、关系代词that和which 1、中用that的情况 1）先行词是all,much ,little,the one,anything, something, nothing, everything, none等不定代词时 2）先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last ,any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰时。3）在there be句型中，只用that, 不用which.。 4）先行词既有人又有物时。 5）在“it is +名词+定语从句+定语从句”的强调结构中，后一定语从句要用that 如：it is only a man who is quite experienced that can fulfill this task. 2、只能用which的情况 1）如果关系代词紧跟在介词后，只能用which或whom，不能用that或who。 2）引导非限制性定语从句时 3）先行词是集体名词时，指整天，关系代词用which，指集体中的各个成员，则用who 3、关系代词和关系副词的省略 1)关系代词which，whom，who，that，在定语从句中作直接宾语时可以省略。 2）当that在从句中作补语时可以省略。 3）在there be结构中出现定语从句，或在定语从句中出现there be时，用做主语的冠词代词。 4）当先行词是reason，而且定语从句中作状语时，关系代词可用why或that，也可以省略。5）当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词可用in which或that，也可以省略。 6）注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不省略。 7）当先行词表示时间时，关系代词可用when或有时用that，有时也可以用省略。 8）先行词表示地点时，关系代词可用where或有事用that，有时也可以省略。 二、关系代词as 1、引导限定性定语从句 1）构成the same...as, such...as结构，as用于代替指人或物的先行词。 2）比较the same ...as 和the same...that This is the same book as I read last week 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 This is the same book that I read last week 这就是我上周读的那本书。 3）如果先行词表示抽象概念，则没有这种区别 She told me the same story as /that she had told you I had th same difficulty that /as you had lat year. 2、非限制性定语从句 关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句时，用于代替整个主句，意思是“正如”，as从句位置较之which引导的非限制性定语从句更加灵活，因而as从句可以指后面将要提到的内容。 3、有关as的常用词组 As is known to all 众所周知 As is often the case 情况常常如此 As the name indicate/suggests 顾名思义 As may be imagined 可以想象得出 As often happens 这种情况常常发生
高三英语定语从句知识精讲
高三英语定语从句 【本讲主要内容】 定语从句 【知识总结归纳】 定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 An architect is someone who designs buildings. Barbara worked for a company that makes washing machines. The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday. The last time I saw her, she looked very well. The reason I’ m phoning you is to invite you to a party. 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. My brother Jim, who lives in London, is a doctor. We stayed at the hotel （that） Ann recommended to us. We stayed at the Grand Hotel, which Ann recommended to us. I. 先行词：在定语从句中被修饰的词叫先行词。 II. 关系词： 用来引导定语从句的词有关系代词和关系副词，放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又做定语从句的一个语法部分。 关系代词：that, which , who , whom , whose 关系副词：when , where , why （一）关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 1. that：既可以指物，也可以指人，在从句中做主语或宾语． A plane is a machine that can fly．（主语） The car which I hired broke down．（宾语） Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?（主语） 2. which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语． A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine．（主语） These are the books which you ordered．（宾语） 3. who，whom，指人，在从句中分别做主语和宾语， The man who robbed him has been arrested．（主语） The girl whom I saw told me to come back today．（宾语） 4. whose用来做定语从句中的主语或宾语的定语。 Wei Fang is the student whose home caught fire last week．（定语） This is the house whose window faces to the south．（定语） （二）关系副词: where, when, why 同关系代词一样，关系副词既引导一个定语从句，又在定语从句中担任一个成份。关系副词在句中做状语。
名词性从句主语从句
主语从句 导入：观察并指出句子成分 A treehas fallenacrossthe road. Youarea student. To find your waycan bea problem. Smokingisbadfor you. 一．概念： 主语：主语是指句子谈论的主题，说明的人或事物。也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体，一般位于句首 主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句 二·基本结构 关系词简单句谓语动词宾语同位语 Thathe finished writing the composition in such a short timesurprisedusall. 他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶 三关系词(引导词) 1．从属连词：that whether that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That she left him cut him to the heart. That he will come is certain. 注意：有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。E.g That she has made such a mistake is a pity. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. +从句 It is necessary that… 有必要… It is important tha t …. 重要的是… It is obvious that…… 很明显…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起…… 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说……
主语从句非限制定语从句
主语从句 一定义：在中充当成分的句子叫做主语从句。 二主语充当主语的句子类型： 1.常规从句，即句子在中充当一个；从句的不受主句的时态影响和限制。 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. （3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. （4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. （5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Who the watch belongs to is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1）引导从句有that,whether,who,what,whatever等； （2）位于句首不能省略； （3）从句大多数情况下视为，但也有例外，如例（9） 注意：当what引导的名词性分句作主语时，问题极为复杂。 2. 为了防止句子，通常把it放在句首位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match.