人教版英语必修五
人教版英语必修五
Unit 1 Great scientists 重难点
【重点】
（1）了解著名医生John Snow、钱学森、哥白尼等科学家以及他们的作为和故事。（2）学习表示意愿、希望和建议的句型。
（3）学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构。
（4）学习写好“persuasive writing”,以训练学生的逻辑思维及写作能力.
一、重点单词
1、characteristic n. 特征，特性
2、expose vt. 暴露，揭发，曝光（摄影）
3、defeat vt. & n. 击败；战胜；
4、cure vt. & n. 治愈，治疗法
5、blame vt. 责备，归咎
6、backward adj. & adv. 向后
7、conclude vt. & vi. 结束，总结
二、重要词组句型
1、in addition 此外
2、apart from除……以外(except for)；除……外，还有(besides)
3、be strict with sb. 对某人严格
4、lead to 导致，通向（to为介词）
5、link…to… 将……和……连接起来
6、keep sb /sth +doing /done /adj. 让某人或事物做……
三、课文长句难句
1、In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
2、To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
四、语法知识——过去分词的用法
【词汇积累】
1. put forward 提出
2. draw a conclusion 得出结论
3. be/get under control 在……控制下
be/get out of control失去控制，不能操纵
4. be absorbed in 专心
5. be to blame 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动）blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人
6. in addition 也，另外，此外
7. link...to... 将…和…连接或联系起来
8. die of 因…而死亡（内因）die from 因…而死亡（外因）
9. lead to 导致，通向
10. make sense 有意义，说得通
11. apart from 除…之外，此外
12. contribute to 为…作贡献或捐款，导致，有助于
13. be enthusiastic about 对…热情
14. be curious about 对…好奇
15. cure sb. of illness 治好某人…病
16. point of view 态度，观点，看法
17.（be）strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
【重点单词用法精解】
1. characteristic n. 特征，特性
The chief characteristic of human being is that they can think. 人类主要的特征是他们会思考。
2. expose vt. 暴露，揭发，曝光（摄影）
Don’t expose the baby to the burning sun. 切勿将小孩曝晒。
注：expose sb/sth to…中的to为介词。
3. defeat vt. & n. 击败；战胜；
The army defeated the enemy in the end. 军队最终战胜了敌军。
Tom suffered the defeat in the English examination. 汤姆英语考试失败了。
辨析：win的宾语是game, prize等物（不是人）；beat和defeat的宾语是人；hit“打一下”；beat“（连续地）打”；strike “重击”。
4. cure vt. & n. 治愈，治疗法
There is no known cure for AIDS. 还无治疗艾滋病之法。
It is possible to cure the sickness. 治愈这种疾病还是可能的。
辨析：cure“治愈”，强调结果；treat“治疗”，强调动作过程；说cure sb of sth. 但说treat sb for sth.
5. blame vt. 责备，归咎
The teacher blamed me for my being late for school again. 老师因我又迟到批评了我。
注：blame sb for sth=blame sth on sb.
6. backward adj. & adv. 向后
We turn backward(s) then rightward(s). 我们向后转然后向右转。
搭配：a backward turn 向后转
7. conclude vt. & vi. 结束，总结
The teacher concluded the class by one sentence. 老师以一句话总结了这节课。
8. absorb v. 吸收(液体);承受;承担(费用等)
Use the cloth to absorb the spilled ink. 吸干撒的墨水
We will not absorb these charges.我们不能承担这些费用.
absorb…in/by..吸引注意
I was absorbed in a book and didn’t hear your cal l.专心看书absorb…into…吸收…
The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。
【重要词组句型例析】
1.in addition 此外
In addition, the speaker gave us more information about the topic. 另外，这个演讲者就主题给了我一些信息。
注：in addition to(=besides)是短语介词，后接名词、代词和动名词。
I visited many places in addition to the Great Wall. 我参观了许多地方，除了长城以外。
2. apart from除……以外(except for)；除……外，还有(besides)
Apart from being short, Tom is smart. 除了个子矮了点，Tom还是挺帅气的。
Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time. 除了花费钱以外，它还需要不少时间。
3. be strict with sb. 对某人严格
Father is always strict with his sons. 父亲对子女经常要求严格。
比较：be strict in sth. 对某事物要求严格
Teachers are strict in students’ homework. 老师对学生的作业要求严格。
4. lead to 导致，通向（to为介词）
Hard work leads to success. 努力通向成功。
All roads lead to Rome. 条条道路通罗马。
5．link…to… 将……和……连接起来
Can you link the clues to the criminals? 你能把线索和罪犯联系起来吗？
6. keep sb /sth +doing /done /adj. 让某人或事物做……
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。
You must keep your jewels locked up. 你得把珠宝饰物锁好。
Keep the classroom clean. 要保持教室清洁。(adj.作宾补)
注：用doing强调与sb/sth是主动关系且与谓语动词是同时或一直进行的；用done强调与sb/sth是被动关系且业已完成；用adj.强调sb/sth的状态。
7.“so+ be/have/助动词/情态动词＋主语”是一种主谓倒装形式，表示另一主语与前一主语的动作或状态有着相同的肯定概念，“也这样”，“也如此”。
Football is very important to me,but so is our friendship.
?I study in this school and so does my brother.
我在这所学校学习，我的弟弟也在。
?He can speak English, so can we.
他会讲英语，我们也会。
?They had a good time last night. So did I
昨晚他们玩的很痛快，我也是。
比较：“so + 人称代词+ be/have/助动词/情态动词”，意为“的确如此”。
?----These books are really well written.
----So they are.
－－这些书确实写得很好。－－的确如此。
?----You forgot to close the door.
---- Oh, so I did.
－－你忘了关门。－－哦，是的。
8.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?
?the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做…的方法”
?She showed us the way of cleaning it.=
She showed us the way to clean it.
?the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用that;可以用in which;还可以省略.
?I don’t like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.
知识拓展：
by the way 顺便说
lose one’s way 迷路
no way 没门,别想
feel one’s way 摸黑走,谨慎从事
on one’s way to…在去…的路上
in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法
9.Who put forward a theory about black holes?
(1) to offer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等) (2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名
May I put your name forward as our monitor?我能否提名你当我们的班长?
put away 抛弃;舍弃put down 写下来;记入名单;
put on 穿上;戴上;增加put off 耽误;延期
put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭(火) put up 建立;建造
put u p with… 忍受……
?You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please ______ the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on
B. put down
C. put back
D. put off
10.--so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
1) to be present at, to go to 出席, 参加
~a meeting , ~a ceremony, ~a funeral,
~ a lecture, ~school, ~church
Your attendance at the meeting will be welcome.
2) to look after, care for, serve照顾，看护
Which doctor is attending (to/ on) you?
There is a doctor in attendance on me.
11.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动.意为“患霍乱的”.如:The book written by Luxun is very popular.
expose v.
(1)to make visible 暴露“expose ….to….”
He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.
(2)to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of …揭露;揭发
He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.
I threatened to expose him ( to the police).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.
12.This was the most deadly disease of its day.
die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.)
deadly adj.
1.dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的;致命的 a deadly disease/weapon
2. highly effective against sth. or someone 强有力的;致命的 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论
3. aiming to kill or destroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的: a deadly enemy不共戴天的敌人
adv.
1. Very极度;非常;十分: deadly serious 十分认真
2. like death 死一般地: deadly pale 死一般苍白
13.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
Every/each time是连词,引导时间状语从句, “每次,每当”
Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.
the moment, the minute, the second, immediately, the moment, directly, instantly等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”
I will give the letter to him the second/ immediately I see him.
I came directly I got your letter.
The moment I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back.
14. He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.
control v. to have power over, rule, direct 统治，控制
The government tries its best to control prices.
n. 控制，统治，掌握
1) lose control of/ be (go) out of control 失去控制
The driver lost control of his car and it knocked into a tree.
2) in control of 在…控制下
Mr. brown is in control of the money.
3) under the control of 被…控制着
The money is under the control of Mr. brown.
4) under control 受控制, 平静无事
The fire was finally under control.
15.…the cholera was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.
(1) so serious; so bad (人、纪律）严厉的，严格的
I think you are too severe on the boy.
His severe looks frightened me.
(2) very harmful or painful (疼痛）剧烈的
He has a severe pain in his leg.
(3) be severe with: be strict with 对…要求严格
He is severe with himself.
16. It seemed the water was to blame.
be to blame 应受谴责, 应受处罚
You are to blame.
Who is to blame for the failure?
注意该词组无be to be blamed的形式
?blame sb for sth./ blame sth on sb
?Do you blame him for the accident?
?Do you blame the accident on him?
17. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
in addition adv. as well as, besides 另外
In addition, the course also produces practical experience. 此外,这门功课还提供了实践的基础.
A number of people came to the zoo in addition to Peter and Paul. 彼得和保尔以外,还有许多别的人来到动物园.
18. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
link vt. 连接
These two cities were linked by a railway.
link… to… (connect…to…)把…与…连接起来= be linked to
I can’t link my computer to the internet.
Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
19. With this evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.
announce v.
1) To make known publicly 发表、告知、宣布
The news was announced to the public on TV.
2）to state in a loud voice (the name of a person or thing on arrival, as of people at a party or aircraft at an airport) 宣布（客人的名字、到达）
His servant announced Mr. and Mrs. White.
3) To make clearly known （事情）显示……;预告
Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
20. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrase.
apart from “ 除了…之外”，主要与n.和v-ing连用。
Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher. (except for)
Apart from sport, my other interest outside class is music. (besides)
Apart from some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good.
21. Only if you put the sun there did the movement of the other planets in the sky
make sense.
make sense 讲得通；有道理
Here, read the sentence. It doesn’t seem to make sense. 看这里，读这个句子，好像一点二也讲不通。
Your story doesn’t make sense to me. 你编的故事我听不明白。
【课文长句难句剖析】
1. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
剖析：句中的that引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词two other deaths；先行词与定语从句之间被介词短语in another part of London所分隔。
译文：除此之外，他发现在伦敦的另一个地方有两个与the Broad Street爆发的霍乱有关的死亡病例。
2. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
剖析：To prevent为表示目的的不定式短语；prevent…(from) doing sth 意为“阻止……做某事”，其中prevent可与stop, keep互换；suggest表示“建议”的，其宾语从句的谓语用“should +动词原形”，句中的should被省略了。
译文：为了防止这种情况的再次发生，John Snow建议所有的水源都要经过检测，而且要寻找处理污水的新方法。
【语法知识归纳】——过去分词的用法
1. 构成：done（规则动词的过去分词与过去式变化相同，都是在动词原形后加ed, 如：print—printed—printed; follow—followed—followed; 不规则动词的过去分词需要记忆, 如：begin—began—begun；ea—tate—eaten）
2. 意义：完成、被动
(1)不及物动词的过去分词表示完成的状态，不表被动意义，如：fallen leaves （落叶），fall为不及物动词，此处只表示落叶的状态；
fallen leaves 落叶
returned students 归国留学生
newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人
(2)及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成，如：polluted water(污水)，pollute 为及物动词，water 和pollute之间是被动关系且动作业已完成。
the cold boiled water 冷开水
a developed country
3. 语法功用
在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。不能单独作谓语。
(1)作定语：过去分词如是单个词语，则位于中心词前；如是短语，则位于中心词后，作后置定语。如：
Many terrified people died in turmoil. 很多受惊的人死于荒乱之中。
单个过去分词或adv.-p.p作前置定语:
He is a respected leader.
a recently-built house
home-grown vegetables
man-made fibers
过去分词短语作后置定语:
Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.
作定语时可用定语从句代替：
He is a respected leader.= He is a leader__who is respected__.
Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people _______who were brought up in the new society____can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.
真题：Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases____ only to people with specific knowledge. (上海)
A being known
B having been known
C to be known
D known
解析：words, expressions, phrases与know在逻辑上是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故选D。
(2)作表语：用在系动词后。如：
I am interested in reading English novels. 我对阅读英国小说感兴趣。
My teacher got annoyed when I was late for school again. 我上学又迟到，老师为此很恼怒。
be动词和系动词
1、be 动词
2、表示变化的动词:become, get, turn, go, grow等
3、感官动词:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等
4、还有seem, appear, stay, keep, remain, turn out等
有的已成为固定搭配：
be covered with 被……覆盖
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
be caught in the rain 被雨淋
be separated from 从……分离
be interested in 对…感兴趣
be absorbed in 专心致志于…
(3)作宾语补足语：用在宾语后面。如：
I had my dress washed already. 我已经把衣服洗了。
注：能带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词还有：get, hear, see, make, keep, find等。如：
I found the door broken. 我发现门坏了。
真题：Laws that punish parent s for their children’s against the laws get parents_____. (重庆)
A worried
B to worry
C worrying
D worry
解析：“使得家长们感到担心”，用过去分词作宾语补足语，选A。
(4)作状语：一般置于句首或句末。
The teacher came into the classroom, followed by some students. 老师和几位同学走进教室。(the teacher与follow是被动关系)
※与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系
①过去分词的一般式(已经完成的)
The patient operated on will soon be allowed to go home.
②不定式的被动式(即将发生的)
The patient to be operated on is Mr. Smith.
③-ing 的被动式(正在进行的)being done
The patient being operated on is Mr. Smith.
The patient having been operated on is Mr. Smith.(×)
→ The patient operated on is Mr. Smith.(√)
必修5第一单元测试题
班级__________姓名__________座号__________得分__________
I.单项填空
1. In some Muslin countries, women do not _______their faces in the public.
A. reveal
B. uncover
C. expose
D. disclose
2. If I take this medicine twice a day, it should _____my cold.
A. recover,
B. hold
C. restore
D. cure
3. The boy is often found _____in reading books.
A. absorbs
B. is absorbed
C. absorbing
D. absorbed
4. My watch has stopped. Can you get it ______ for me?
A. to go
B. going
C. go
D. gone
5. ___to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.
A. Determined
B. Be determined
C. Having determined
D.To be determined
6. Don’t trust such people ___ praise you to your face.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. as
7. The students expected ____ more reviewing classes before the exam.
A. there to be
B. there are
C. there being
D. there to have
8. You shouldn’t keep silent when ____
A. speaking
B. spoken to
C. spoken
D. speaking to
9. The storms did a lot of _____and caused some______.
A. damage, deaths
B. damages, deaths
C. damage, deaths
D. damages, death
10. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settling
11. After being ____,he was told he was suffering from cancer.
A. checked
B. tested
C. examined
D. treated
12. It rained for two weeks, completely _____ our holiday.
A. ruined
B. to ruin
C. ruining
D. to ruining
13. The way he suggests to us doesn’t make______
A. difference
B. opinions
C. use
D. sense
14. She felt rather _______that she should drive the car at such a___________ speed.
A. frightening, frightening
B. frightened, frightened
人教版高中英语必修五电子课本
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.
高中人教版英语必修五课本答案
教材练习答案及听力原文 Unit 1 WARMING UP ?Answers: 1 Archimedes, Ancient Greek (287-21 2 BC) He was a mathematician. He found that if you put an object into water the water pushes the object up. It rises and partly floats. The force of the water pushing it up is the same as the weight of the object. 2 Charles Darwin, British (1808-1882) The Origin of Species was published in 1859. It explained how plants and animals had changed over time to fit in with a changing environment. At the time it was published it was very controversial. Many people believed the Bible when it said that God made the first two people (Adam and Eve) and that all other people came from these two. Darwin’s book showed that people had developed from apes instead. So this caused a lot of ar gument between religious and scientific people. However Darwin’s idea became very influential and is still accepted today. 3 Thomas Newcomen, British (1663-1729) He improved the first steam pump built by Thomas Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it still further in the 1770s turning it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. 4 Gregor Mendel, Czech (1822-1884) He grew pea plants and developed ideas on heredity and inherited characteristics. He concentrated on cross-fertilising pea plants and analyzing the results. Between 1856-1863 he grew 28,000 pea plants. He examined seven kinds of seed and plant characteristics and developed some laws of inheritance. The first is that inheritance factors do not combine but are passed to the next generation intact. Second, he found that each partner gives half the inherited factors to the young. Third, some of these factors show up in the offspring (and so are dominant). The other factors are masked by the dominant ones (and so are recessive). 5 Marie Curie, Polish and French (1867-1934) She was born in Poland and came to study in France in 1891 and she lived there for the rest of her life. In 1898 she discovered radium. She received two Nobel prizes, one (with Pierre Curie) for physics (1903) and one for chemistry (1911). She is the only person to have been so honoured. On the death of her husband she took over his job at the Sorbonne in Paris. Her work on radioactivity and the discovery of radium meant that she began a new scientific area of research. She was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize and the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne. 6 Thomas Edison, American (1847-1931) He was already an inventor of other electrical devices (phonograph, electric light bulb) when in 1882 he designed a system for providing New York with electricity from a central power station. This was a tremendous achievement, which had previously been thought impossible.
人教版《英语必修5》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)
人教版《英语必修5》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书) 单元词汇、音标、词义。Unit 1 characteristic/'k?rikt?'ristik/n.特征；特性 radium/'reidj?m/n.镭 painter/'peint?/n.画家；油漆匠 put forward提出 scientific/sai?n'tifik/ a.科学的 conclude/k?n'klu:d/vt.vi.推断出；结束 conclusion/k?n'klu:??n/n.结论,推论,结尾 draw a conclusion得出结论 analyse/'?n?laiz/vt.分析 infect/in'fekt/vt.传染；感染 infectious/in'fek??s/ a.传染的 cholera/'k?l?r?/n.霍乱 defeat/di'fi:t/vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败 expert/'eksp?:t/ a.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n.专家；行家 attend/?'tend/vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 physician/fi'zi??n/n.医生；内科医师 expose/iks'p?uz/vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 expose...to使显露；暴露 deadly/'dedli/ a.致命的 cure/kju?/n.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗 outbreak/'autbreik/n.爆发；发作 challenge/'t??l?nd?/n.挑战vt.向...挑战 victim/'viktim/n.受害者 absorb/?b's?:b/vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 suspect/s?s'pekt, 's?spekt/vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 enquiry n.询问 neighbourhood n.附近；临近 severe/si'vi?/ a.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 clue/klu:/n.线索；提示 pump/p?mp/n.泵；抽水机vt.(用泵)抽水；打气 Cambridge Street剑桥大街 foresee/f?:'si:/vt.预见，预知 investigate/in'vestigeit/vt.vi.调查 investigation/in'vesti'gei??n/n.调查 blame/bleim/vt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备
人教版 英语 必修五 课文 电子版
U n i t1G R E A T S C I E N T I S T S JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air, a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people have lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 163738 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame, Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
人教版高中英语必修五电子课本
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
人教版英语必修五
人教版英语必修五 Unit 1 Great scientists 重难点 【重点】 （1）了解著名医生John Snow、钱学森、哥白尼等科学家以及他们的作为和故事。（2）学习表示意愿、希望和建议的句型。 （3）学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构。 （4）学习写好“persuasive writing”,以训练学生的逻辑思维及写作能力. 一、重点单词 1、characteristic n. 特征，特性 2、expose vt. 暴露，揭发，曝光（摄影） 3、defeat vt. & n. 击败；战胜； 4、cure vt. & n. 治愈，治疗法 5、blame vt. 责备，归咎 6、backward adj. & adv. 向后 7、conclude vt. & vi. 结束，总结 二、重要词组句型 1、in addition 此外 2、apart from除……以外(except for)；除……外，还有(besides) 3、be strict with sb. 对某人严格 4、lead to 导致，通向（to为介词） 5、link…to… 将……和……连接起来 6、keep sb /sth +doing /done /adj. 让某人或事物做…… 三、课文长句难句 1、In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 2、To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
新人教版高中英语必修五完整课文译文
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修五 第一单元伟大的科学家 Reading 约翰.斯诺击败“霍乱王” 约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰.斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中腐殖着，像一股危险的气流到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰.斯诺着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰.斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵上的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到了缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发
人教版高中英语必修5单词表
人教版高中英语必修5单词表 注：?为重点词汇，△为非重点词汇Unit 1 characteristic n. 特征；特性 radium n. 镭 painter n. 画家；油漆匠 ?put forward 提出 scientific adj. 科学的 | ?conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出 conclusion n.结论；结束 ?draw a conclusion得出结论 analyse vt.分析 △infect vt.传染；感染 △infections v.传染的 △cholera adj.霍乱 ?defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败 ） expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n.专家；行家?attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 physician n.医生；内科医师 ?expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 ?expose…to使显露；暴露
△deadly adj.致命的 ?cure n.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗 △outbreak n.爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争） 、 ?challenge n.挑战vt.向……挑战 victim n.受害者 absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 ?suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯enquiry n.询问 neighborhood n.附近；邻近 severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 △clue n.线索；提示 % pump n.泵；抽水机vt.（用泵）抽（水） △Cambridge Street剑桥大街 foresee vt.（foresaw; foreseen）预见；预知△investigate vt. △vi.调查 △investigation n.调查 ?blame vt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备 ?pollute vt.污染；弄脏 ?handle n.柄；把手vt.处理；操纵 | △germ n.微生物；细菌
人教版英语必修五单词表
必修五单词表Unit 1 characteristic n. 特征；特性 radium n. 镭 painter n. 画家；油漆匠 *put forward 提出 scientific adj. 科学的 *conclude v.结束 conclusion n.结论 *draw a conclusion得出结论 analyse v.分析 infect v.传染 infections v.传染的 defeat v. 打败 expert adj.熟练的 *attend v.照顾 physician n.医生 *expose v.暴露 *expose...to使显露 deadly adj.致命的 *cure n.治愈 outbreak n.爆发 *challenge n.挑战 victim n.受害者 absorb v.吸收 *suspect v.怀疑 Inquiry n.询问 neighbourhood n.附近 severe adj.严重的
&clue n.线索 pump n.泵 foresee v.预见 investigate v.调查 investigation n.调查 *blame v.责备 *pollute v.污染 *handle n.柄 germ n.微生物 *link v.连接 *link...to... 将…和…联系或连接起来*announce n.宣布 certainty n.确信 instruct v.命令 responsible adj.有责任的 construct v.建设 construction n.建设 *contribute v.捐献 *apart from 除……之外 firework n.烟火 chart n.图表 creative adj.有创造力的 co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的 *(be) strict with...对……严格的revolutionary adj.革命的 movement n.移动 *make sense讲得通 backward adj.向后的
人教版英语必修5单词(全)
Unit 1 characteristic 特征；特性radium 镭painter 画家；油漆匠put forward 提出scientific科学的conclude结束conclusion结论draw a conclusion得出结论analyse分析defeat打败expert熟练的attend照顾physician医生expose暴露expose...to使显露cure治愈challage挑战victim受害者absorb吸收suspect 怀疑enquiry询问neighbourhood附近severe严重的pump泵foresee预见blame责备pollute污染handle柄link连接link...to... 将…和…联系或连接起来announce宣布instruct命令construct建设construction建设contribute捐献apart from 除……之外firework烟火chart图表positive积极的universe宇宙be strict with...对…严格的movement移动make sense讲得通reject拒绝backward向后的spin使旋转enthusiastic热情的cautious小心的 Unit 2 unite联合kingdom王国consist组成province省clarify澄清conflict矛盾divide…into把…分成accomplish完成unwilling不愿意的consist of由…组成break away(from)挣脱（束缚）union联合institution制度currency货币 credit信任to one's credit为……带来荣誉rough粗糙的convenience便利roughly粗略地nationwide全国性的attract吸引architecture建筑学port港口collection收藏品administration n.管理countryside乡下enioyable令人愉快的leave out省去description描写furnished配备好装备的fax传真机plus加上possibility可能性quarrel争吵alike相同的take the place of代替thrill使激动break down损坏arrange筹备wedding婚礼fold对折sightseeing观光delight快乐royal王室的uniform制服splendid壮丽的pot罐statue雕像communism共产主义error错误tense时态consistent一致的 Unit 3 aspect方面impression印象take up 拿起constant时常发生的tolerate忍受constantly不断地jet喷气式飞机previous在前的uncertain不确切的lack缺乏guide指导tablet药片capsule太空舱steward乘务员stewardess女乘务员opening通路sideways侧着surrounding周围的事物carriage运输工具adjustment调整mask面具be back on one's feet完全复原press按fasten系牢belt腰带lose sight of…看不见…sweep up打扫mud泥swallow吞下 flash（使）闪光switch开关timetable时间表slide into（快捷而悄声的）移动optimistic乐观（主义）的speed up加速desert沙漠citizen公民typist打字员typewriter打字机postage邮资postcode邮政编码button按钮instant瞬间dustbin垃圾ecology生态greedy贪吃的recycle回收利用material原料receiver接受者representative代表settlement定居motivation动机goods货物Unit 4 journalist记者editor编辑photogragh照片photogragher摄影师eager渴望的delighted快乐的admirable值得赞扬的unusual不同寻常的concentrate集中assistant助手submit递交profession职业professional专业的colleague同事concentrate on集中amateur业余爱好者update更新assist帮助acquire获得assess评估inform告知deadline最后期限meanwhile其间depend on依靠case情况accues指责accues…of因…指责或控告…deliberately adv.故意地
高中英语人教版必修5知识点汇总
必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists 核心单词 1. characteristic n.特色；特性；典型 adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的 Kindness is one of his characteristics.和善是他的特性之一。 A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。 易混辨析 character/characteristic character n.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符 characteristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的） 2. defeat vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空 Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。 He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。 易混辨析 defeat/conquer/overcome 三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。 defeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。 conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature（征服自然）。 overcome指“战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难）。 defeat/beat/win defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队…… win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏…… 3. attend v. 注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with； 出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after 常用结构： attend school/college 上学/上大学 attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议 attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼 attendance n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料 We’ll attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。 Which doctor is attending you? 哪个医生为你看病? 4. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”。 常用结构： expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于…… be exposed to 暴露于…… Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。 The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。 The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。5. cure vt.&n. 治愈，治疗；常用于“cure sb. of ...”结构中。