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北京大学考博英语真题常见句子翻译方法近期很多考生问关于条件状语从句的分析和翻译问题，在此，育明考博老师结合同学提出的两个典型问题为大家分析条件状语从句，并给出相应的参考译文。
一、问题：请分析并翻译：If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.
解析：很多考生看到这样一句从横三、四行的长句会心生畏惧，对自己没有信心，自然也就无法理清这句中的各种枝节。拿到这样的一个句子，最主要的仍然是先把主干找到，然后再看其他部分和主干的关系。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
句子主干：you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties
主干是由两个并列的分句组成的，第一个分句是you will be in a position to know the experiences主系表结构，第二个分句是it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties形式主语+系表结构+不定式作真正的主语。
which are common to all of you作the experiences and problems 的定语从句。
If you are part of the group which you are addressing是主句的条件状语从句，其中嵌套定语从句which you are addressing作the group 的定语从句。
参考译文：如果你是谈话对象集体中的一员，就可以设身处地地了解你们所有人共同的经历和问题，可以对食堂难吃的食物或者对领导在选择领带方面差劲的品味评头论足。
二、问题：请详细分析一下：If railroads charged all customers the same average rate,they argue,shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.
解析：按照原句的顺序来看，这句话的前半句，if railroads charged all customers the same average rate是if引导的条件状语从句，they argue前后用逗号隔开显然是个插入语，那么整句话的难点就落在了后半句上。首先，shippers后面出现了关系代词who引导的定语从句who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation，主句的谓语是would do so,其中so指代switching to trucks or other forms of transportation，最后一部分leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line是现在分词短语作主句的结果状语。
参考译文：他们认为，如果铁路对所有的客户收取同样的平均费率，那么可以选择使用公路运输或其他运输方式的托运商会选择其他的运输方式，
让其他的客户承担铁路运营成本。
从以上两个长难句的分析可以看出，条件状语从句位于句首时，考生完全可以按照英文句子顺序往下读，逐层分析，在翻译时，也可以把条件从句放到主句前面，这和中文的表述方式是一致的。考生在做考博英语此类题时要做的就是克服自己对长句的恐惧，只有亲身实践去分析，才能真正领会和掌握句子分析方法。Practice makes perfect!坚持练习一定能取得好成绩
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
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北京协和医学院考博英语翻译模拟及备考方法 计算机、网络和健康计算机、网络给人们生活带来便利，但他们同时又影响人们的健康。计算机、网络所带来的影响： 一、电磁辐射可带来多种疾病，可损害眼部，如引起青光眼等，长时间可造成手部、腕部等关节和肌肉损害，甚至可引起精神疾病，如失眠、烦躁、激动等等。 二、引起网络综合征。 三、如何减少计算机、网络所带来的影响 四、应用电脑室内光线要适当，多注意通风，保持室内空气清新。 五、多注意适当休息，并自我调整，如锻炼身体，自我身体检查，健康保证。 （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537)六、多进食富含维生素A和蛋白质的食物，如胡萝卜、橘子、肝、牛奶、鸡蛋等。多饮茶也有好处。 对于大多数人讲，医学考博英语关键在于听力和作文。听力可快速提高，我当时每天早起上网下载一段或两段新闻。反复听，一遍就5-6分钟.逐步回听懂。另外听力要从难的听起，哪怕刚开始只能懂几个单词，这个很重要。切记。若速度太快，可先看一下相关的新闻了解一下背景。再听，完全听懂为止，贵在坚持，一天2次，各半小时。很管用。 作文，应该在平时的积累。临时复习技巧：一是背一些万能作文的框架，到时套用，主要使你的作文有良好的“骨架和关节”。二是到相关英文报纸的网站，开阔视野，还有就是注意相关的重点单词。三是阅读中注
意一些写作中的好的例句，积累些，很精华的，到时来几句，很长分数的。 我认为此书最大的优点在于把医学词汇进行了汇编，这一部分也最有用。至于书中的其他部分，我认为借鉴即可，切勿陷入题海战术，那样太费脑子了。应明确仅有这一本书是远远不够的，必须结合自己的实际情况弥补，本人在复习时甚至重新学习了实用英语语法，我建议各位一切从实际出发，有针对性的补自己的不足，决不可以靠着一本书，必须广开思路。最好能搞到真题若干套，进行题海战术复习。 本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
北京大学考博英语历年试题分析
北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
考博英语试题的作用 考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。 指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、 题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。 规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。 调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。 由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将北京大学考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对北京大学考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。 以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学考博英语历年试题详细分析。 一、北京大学考博英语试题的考核要求 北京大学博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，我校博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
考博英语翻译长难句的四大方法
考博英语翻译长难句的四大方法考博英语翻译中的长难句令本身对生词感到无力的考生更加焦灼，新东方在线考博频道教你四个方法来解析考博英语翻译长难句。 考博英语翻译长难句的四大方法一：逆序法 逆序法即倒置法。有些英语长难句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。 这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。 考博英语翻译长难句的四大方法二：顺序法 有些英语长难句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。 考博英语翻译长难句的四大方法三：分译法 有些考博英语长难句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。例如：“He became deaf at five af ter
2011北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but 25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to