非谓语动词和独立主格结构观摩课教案
高三英语复习观摩课教学设计
教学目的：巩固非谓语动词作状语的用法，学会使用独立主格结构。
Step One 值日生报告人数
Step Two One student will give all present a brief introduction of our school.
Ladies and gentlemen:
Warmly welcome to our school. First of all, please permit me, on behalf of all the teachers and students in our school, to give you a warm welcome. Now let me give you a very brief introduction to our school.
There are 70 classes in three grades with more than 6000 students in our school. We have Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry, biology, politics, history, geography, P. E. and music. Besides, a computer course is also provided. There are three labs equipped with modern instruments and we have a computer room with over 50 advanced computers in it. The teachers love us students and we students respect our teachers. We listen attentively in class, learn from each other and help each other. After class we take an active part in sports or listen to music. We enjoy our rich and colorful school life.
That’s all. Thank you.
Step Three All the students will recite a passage.
China is large in area and rich in natural resources. The climate is different depending on the area. The south has cool, wet winters and hot, damp summers. This area is suitable for growing rice. The north has cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. Wheat is mainly grown in this area. The western part of China is dry with little rain all the year round. It is not good for growing crops, but some places produce a variety of fruit. And the eastern part of China enjoys plenty of rain most time of the year, so the crops grow very well.
Step Four通过做单词拼写题来复习非谓语动词的用法
根据各句的句子结构写出空中的单词，并说出该句中非谓语部分地语法功能。
1. __________ (穿着) a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
2. ____________(以……为基础) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
3. ___________(接近) the city of New York, we saw the Statue of Liberty.
4.__________(意识到) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing computer games.
5. There is nothing more I can try to _____________(说服) you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
6. He was busy writing a story, only ____________(停下来) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
7. George returned after the war, only to _________(得知) that his wife had left him.
8. (When)______________(比较) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
9. The research is so designed that once ___________(开始) nothing can be done to change it.
10. Though __________(缺) money, his parents managed to send him to university.
Wearing Basing Approaching Realizing persuade stopping learn compared begun lacking
Step Five 复习独立主格结构(absolute structure)的用法
导入：作状语的非谓语其逻辑主语不是句中主语时，需要给非谓语加上逻辑主语名词或代词(人称代词时用主格)，这种结构叫独立主格结构。例如：
The boy being unhappy, I gave him a candy. = As the boy was unhappy, I gave him a candy.
There being no buses, I had to walk home. = As there were no buses, I had to walk home.
It raining tomorrow, we’ll have to put off the sports meet.
= If it rains tomorrow, we’ll have to put off the sports meet.
I waiting for the bus, a stone hit me on the head.
= While I was waiting for the bus, a stone hit me on the head.
独立主格构成有两种形式：
一种是在名词或代词(人称代词时用主格形式)后直接加名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等；另一种是用with + 名词或代词(人称代词时用宾格) + 名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。
一般来说表示“具有、携带着”等意思时，with加复合宾语结构较常用。例如：
It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。（必修3第五单元）
The elderly man was telling a fairy tale(神话故事), with a lot of kids(小娃娃) listening
attentively.老人在讲神话故事，有许多小娃娃在专心致志的听着。
With a lot of housework to do, I can’t go to the concert with you.因为有许多作业要做，我不能跟你去听音乐会。
With the problem settled, I felt very relaxed. 因为问题解决了，我感到很轻松。
The husband stood there dumbfounded(目瞪口呆), his eyes fixed upon his wife.丈夫站在那儿目瞪口呆，眼睛凝视着妻子。
In the north is Scotland, with its capital Edinburgh. 北部是苏格兰，它的首都是爱丁堡。
The wood-cutter was still cutting up wood, with masses of firewood in front of him. 伐木工人还在砍碎木材，他的前边放着许多柴火。
The teacher came into the classroom, with a book in his hand (= book in hand).
The boss walked ahead, with me carrying a heavy box on my shoulder.老板在前边走着，而我扛着个大箱子。= The boss walked ahead, I carrying a heavy box on my shoulder.
历年高考独立主格结构真题演练
1. (2012全国I, 28)The play will be held in the garden, weather _______.
A. permitting
B. to permit
C. permitted
D. permit
2. (2012辽宁，25)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____ them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows
3.(2011浙江，3)Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D .to have
4. (2010山东，29) The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already_____ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid
5. (2008福建, 34) You have no idea how she finished the relay race _____ her foot wounded so much. A. for B. when C. with D. while
6. (2007，安徽29)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______ , he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
7. (2007，重庆25)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _____ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
8. (2007，山东33)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ____ at the end of last March.
A. has been launched
B. having been launched
C. being launched
D. be launched
9. (2005湖南，34)I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year.
A. follows
B. followed
C. to follow
D. being followed
10. (2005北京，34) I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
11.(2004 福建，30)It was a pity that the great writer died with his works _________.
A. finished
B. unfinished
C. finishing
D. to be unfinished
12.(2004 北京，33) _______ two exams to take, I have to work really hard this weekend. A.
With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of
13. (2002上海春季，33) With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly – elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
14. (2000 全国，18)_________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent
year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through
Step Six Sum-up(小结)
英语中作状语时，既可用状语从句，也可用非谓语或独立主格结构。若主从句主语一致时，可用非谓语形式代替状语从句，从句中有be动词的还可以采用状语从句的省略形式，若主从句主语不一致时，可用独立主格结构代替状语从句。
课时训练：判断下列句子的正误，若正确，说明原因；若有错误，请予以纠正。
(1)Having been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand.
(2)He is a League member, he takes the lead in everything.
(3)Money permits, I will travel around the whole globe.
(4)There being no buses, we had to take a taxi.
(5)Being fine, we went to Mountain Tai for a spring outing.
(6)Too excited, he couldn’t say a single word.
(7)When tried(审讯), the criminal(罪犯) kept silent.
(8)If was heated to a high temperature, water will change to vapour.
(9)To solve the problem efficiently, you’d better turn to experts for advice.
(10)Wandering through the street, the beggar caught sight of a purse lying on the ground.
(11)My mother is ill, I have to ask for a day’s leave.
(12)With the old man leading the way, the soldiers walked towards the forest.
(13)I give you part of the money now, the rest to follow next month.
(14)With a troublesome problem settled, I felt worried.
(15)No one having anything to say, the meeting ended.
(16)There are a lot of trees in the university, some having a history of hundreds years. 错误正确
高考英语非谓语动词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
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高中英语独立主格结构讲解.docx
独立主格 一、 独立主格结构的含义和实质 “独立主格结构 ”（ absolute construction ）又叫 “独立结构 ”，是带有自己主语的非谓语动词分句和无动词分句。 由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语， 结构上与主句不发生关系， 因此传统语法叫做 “独立主格结构 ”。其实，所谓 “独立主格结构 ”并非真正独立，它还是一种从属分 句，与主句紧密联系在一起，共同表达一个完整的意思， 通常在句中起状语分句的作用。独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。 二、 独立主格结构的基本形式和功能 独立主格结构可以分为两部分： 一部分是名词或代词， 起逻辑主语的作用； 另一部分是非谓语动词分句（现在分词、过去分词、不定式）或无动词分句（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语）， 表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。 基本形式是：名词普通格 / 代词主格 + 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 不定式 / 名词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语， with 引导的复合结构。 1． 名词 / 代词 + 现在分词 现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。 例 The man lay there, his hands trembling. So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off. His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep. 注： “独立结构 ”中的 being 或 having been 有时可以省去，这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。 2． 名词 / 代词 + 过去分词 过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。 例 The boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. The job not finished, we couldn ’t see the film. Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move. having been ， being 。如果加上，这两个句子就又 不定式表示的是将来的动作。 例 He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food. These are the first two books ， the third one to come out next month. We shall get together at 7:30, the procession （游行） to start moving at 8 sharp. 4. 名词 / 代词 + 名词 名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。 例 Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children. He fought the tiger ，a stick his only weapon. 5 ． 名词 / 代词 + 形容词短语 形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质，状态，原因等。例 The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while. I heard that she got injured in the accident ， my heart full of sorry. being, 如果加上，就变成了现在分词分句。 副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。 这两个句子也可以看成是省略了 6． 名词 / 代词 + 副词 后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了变成了现在分词分句。 3． 名词 / 代词 + 不定式
高中英语复习-非谓语动词与独立主格结构(含答案)
非谓语动词与独立主格结构 非谓语动词分为三类：不定式（infinitive）、动名词（gerund）和分词（participle）。其特点是： 1．不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句子成分，但就是不能单独做谓语，这也是它们被称为"非谓语动词"的原因。 2．它们具有各种形态：一般式、主动态、被动态、进行态和完成态。 3．不定式和动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、补语等。但不管起什么作用，它们都具有动词的功能，但无语法上的动词性质，这一点可以通过它们不受主语的人称和数的限制体现出来。 4．分词起形容词和副词作用，可做表语、定语、状语，但不能做主语和宾语。它也不受主语人称和数的限制。 一．不定式 1.完成式 不定式的一般形式所表示的动作, 通常与主要谓语表示的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生, 或是在它之后发生. 假如不定式所表示的动作, 在谓语所表示的动作(状态)之前发生, 就要用不定式的完成式. I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother). (比较: I am glad to see you.) He is said to have written a new book about workers. He pretended not to have seen me.
2.进行式 如果主要谓语表示的动作(状态)发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行, 这时要用不定式的进行式. You are not supposed to be working. You haven’t quite recovered yet. We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. He pretended to be listening attentively. 3.完成进行式 在谓语所表示的时间之前一直进行的动作, 就要用不定式的完成进行式. The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years. We are happy to have been working with you. 4.被动式 当不定式的逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时, 不定式一般要用被动形式. It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. She hated to be flattered. He wanted the letter to be typed at once. 【例】Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left 结合选项来看，全句的意思：“78岁的丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家"。收藏品是"被留给国家”，因此需要一个被动式做宾语，所以答案是D) is to be left。 （二）句法功能 1.不定式作主语 【例】It is not unusual for workers in that region _________. A) to be paid more than a month later B) to be paid later than more a month C) to pay later than a month more D) to pay later more than a month it 在句中作形式主语。而不定式to be paid more than a month是句子的逻辑主语。结合选项全句的意思是：“那个地方的工人一个多月后才得到工资是常有的事”，答案是A)。
(完整word版)非谓语动词思维导图
式主语eg:It is right to give up smoking. ②作表语 eg:The important thing is to save lives. ③作宾语 eg:He want to go. ④作宾语补足语feel.hear.listen to.make.lrt.have.see.look at.watch.notice.observe 2下列动词课用于“动词do+believe.consider.count.declare. deny.feel.find.guess.imagine. judge.know,prove.realize. suppose.think 3do https://www.360docs.net/doc/272373161.html,mand.dare.determine.direct.disc over.drive.enable.expect.encourage.f https://www.360docs.net/doc/272373161.html,rm.invite.oblige.or der.permit.persuade.prepare.recomm enf.remide.request.require.send.teac h.urge.want.warm.wish.4 hope.demand.suggest 动词不定式作宾语补足语⑤作定语 eg Tee farmer thought of ways to protect their crops. ⑥作状语 1作目的状语 2作结果状语3作条件状语 4⑦作独立成分eg:To tell the truth, I don't agree wih you. whos,which,when,how,what ①不定时的一般式 1 eg:I saw him go out.2eg:I plan to attend the meeting ②不定式的进行时式的动作正在进行。 eg:He pretended to be sleeping when I came in.2
非谓语动词,独立主格练习题
高一英语非谓语，独立主格专练 2018年3月 一，独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是逻辑主谓关系；名词或代词与后面的过去分词是逻辑动宾关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开；修饰整个句子，在句中位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，常用作状语。二，注意事项：（1）独立主格转换成状语从句，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom. 下课后，学生很快离开了课室。 （2）不能省略being (having been)的情形： 在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或having been）不能省略。 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去做了礼拜。 (2)在There being+名词的结构中。 There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。
（3）在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。 Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯小姐走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。比较with 的复合结构。如：Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand. 1.There's a note （pin）to the door (say)when the shop will open again. 2.Once again I found myself standing at the crossroads, two paths (lie)ahead of me. 3..-- Where is Tom I have something important to tell him. ―I last saw him (seat)in the library reading. 4.A terrible air crash accident happened over the Atlantic Ocean (kill)150 passengers. 5.Life is like riding a bicycle. (keep)your balance, you must keep moving. 6.Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they
5种基本句型和独立主格结构讲解
英语中的五种基本句型结构 一、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如： 1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。 2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。 3）Spring is coming. 4) We have lived in the city for ten years. 二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语) 这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类： (1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如： 1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。 2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。 (2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如： 1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。 2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。 三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋V erb (谓语) ＋Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例： 1) He took his bag and left.（名词）他拿着书包离开了。 2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。 3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。 4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。 注意：英语中的许多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。 四、句型4：Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语) 这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如： 1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。 2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March. 老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为： 1）Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present. 2）The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March. 五、句型5：Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语) 这种句型中的“宾语＋补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如： 1）You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（形容词） 2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。 3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
非谓语动词固定结构
一. 接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的常用动词 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事need to do sth. 需要做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响，下面的是正确的搭配： “原谅某人做某事” excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 “希望某人做某事” wish sb. to do sth.。 “建议某人做某事” advise sb. to do sth.。 “安排某人做某事” arrange for sb. to do sth.。 “要求某人做某事” demand of sb. to do sth.。 “感谢某人做某事” thank sb. for doing sth.。 “祝贺某人做某事” congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 “阻止某人做某事” prevent sb. from doing sth.。 三、接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的常用动词 admit doing sth. 承认做某allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
高中英语独立主格结构详细讲解
独立主格 一、独立主格结构的含义和实质 “独立主格结构”（absolute construction）又叫“独立结构”，是带有自己主语的非谓语动词分句和无动词分句。由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语，结构上与主句不发生关系，因此传统语法叫做“独立主格结构”。其实，所谓“独立主格结构”并非真正独立，它还是一种从属分句，与主句紧密联系在一起，共同表达一个完整的意思，通常在句中起状语分句的作用。独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。 二、独立主格结构的基本形式和功能 独立主格结构可以分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词，起逻辑主语的作用；另一部分是非谓语动词分句（现在分词、过去分词、不定式）或无动词分句（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语），表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。 基本形式是：名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语，with引导的复合结构。 1．名词/代词+ 现在分词 现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。 例The man lay there, his hands trembling. So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off. His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep. 注：“独立结构”中的being或having been 有时可以省去，这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。 2．名词/代词+过去分词 过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。 例The boy lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. The job not finished, we couldn’t see the film. Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move. 后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了having been，being。如果加上，这两个句子就又变成了现在分词分句。 3．名词/代词+不定式 不定式表示的是将来的动作。 例He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food. These are the first two books，the third one to come out next month. We shall get together at 7:30, the procession（游行）to start moving at 8 sharp. 4. 名词/代词+名词 名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。 例Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children. He fought the tiger，a stick his only weapon. 5．名词/代词+形容词短语 形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质，状态，原因等。 例The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while. I heard that she got injured in the accident，my heart full of sorry. 这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上，就变成了现在分词分句。 6．名词/代词+副词 副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。
高三英语非谓语动词和独立主格结构
高考二轮复习英语教案 专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构 【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下：1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语； 2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语； 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语； 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别； 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别；8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式；10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。 【考纲要求】非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。 对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式；在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。 【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别； 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式； 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法； 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语； 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语； 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语； 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语； 8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题； 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题；10.“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。 对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with 复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。 【知识网络】非谓语动词用法 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、
常见非谓语 动词最全总结(1)
必备英语常见非谓语动词最全总结 一、非谓语动词 1．I prefer the failure rather than my dream. A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up C. experiencing; giving up 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我宁愿经历失败也不愿放弃我的梦想。空一，prefer to do rather than do宁愿做......而不愿做......，固定搭配，experience亲身经历、感受，动词，因此是to experience；空二，rather than+动词原形，意为“宁愿……而不愿……”，give up，放弃，故选B。 【点评】此题考查固定短语prefer to do rather than do。 2．My friend invited me ______ the Art Club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A.动词原形;B.动词不定式;C. 动词过去式;D.动词的ing形式。invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事。结合句意及结构，故选B。 3．To my surprise, Daniel's parents allowed him ___________ Shanghai Disneyland with me. A. to visit B. visiting C. visit D. visits 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：让我吃惊的的，戴尔的父母允许他和我去上海迪士尼乐园。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定短语，故选A。 【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语allow sb. to do sth。 4．My brother is a humorous young man. He often tells jokes to make us . A. laughing B. laugh C. to laugh 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥是应该幽默的年轻人，他经常讲笑话让我们笑。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事，省略to的动词不定式，应该是动词原形，故选B。 【点评】考查省略to的动词不定式。make sb do sth ,使某人做某事。 5．—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network? —Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever. A. download B. downloads C. to download D. downloading 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗？——对，5G将会让我
(完整版)独立主格结构完整讲解
一、独立主格结构的概念 独立主格结构（Absolute Structure ）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立 结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。 需特别注意的是，独 二、独立主格结构基本构成形式 名词（代词）+现在分词；过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语） 1. 名词（代词）+现在分词 例句：The storm drawing near ，the navvy decided to call it a day The storm drawi ng n ear 在句中作：原因状语 =Si nee the storm was draw ing n ear , the n avvy decided to call it a day 由于暴风雨即将来临，那个挖土小工决定收工。（call it a day 今天到此为止） 例句：Win ter comin g, it gets colder and colder. Win ter comi ng 在句中作：伴随状语 =The win ter comes, and it gets colder and colder. 冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。 造句：时间允许的话，我就和你一起走。 Time permitti ng, I will go with you. 独立主格作：条件状语 =改写：f time permits, I will go with you. ___________ 造句：那个姑娘望着他，他不知道说什么好。 The girl staring at him, he didn ' t know what to say. 独立主格作：时间状语 =改写：As the girl stared at him, he didn ' t know what to say. 2.名词（代词）+过去分词 例句：He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。 例句：The meeti ng gone over, every one tired to go home earlier. 会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。 造句：工作完成后，他回家了。 The work done, he went back home.