2016成人高考真题答案
2016成人高考真题答案
【篇一：2016年成人高考专升本英语试卷及答案】
class=txt>英语
Ⅰ. phonetics( 5 points)
directions：in each of the following groups of words，there
are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked a，b，c，and d．compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation．mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on theanswer sheet．
( )1．a． b． c． d．
( )2．a．( )3．a．
( )5．a．b．．b．b． d．d． d．c．d．c． c．( )4．a． b．Ⅱ. vocabulary and structure( 15 points)
directions：there are 15 incomplete sentences in this
section.for each sentence there are four choices marked a，b，c and d．choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet．
( )6．the relationship between parents and their children
_______ a strong influence on the character of the children.
a．haverb．having c．to have d．has
( )7．only by telling the truth _______ win the trust and
support of your friends.
a．you can
a．that b．can you c．you did c．which d．did you d．when ( )8．these apple trees, _______ i planted three years ago,
have not borne any fruit. b．what
( )9．don?t remind me of that awful day; i _______ such a fool of myself.
a．madeb．make
a．beside
a．much c．will make d．am making c．but for c．many
d．execpt for d．more ( )10．my daughter is quite well now
_______ a slight headache. b．besides( )11．she is treated
_______ better than i was. b．little ( )12．if it had not rained yesterday, they _______ work on time. a．will finish b．will have finished
c．would finish
.a．two largest
a．however
a．leavingd．would have finished c．second largest d．largest second ( )13．they are studying the solar system?s _______ planet, saturn,and its moons. b．largest two ( )14．i?d like to go with you; _______ , my hands are full at the moment. b．whateverc．wheneverd．wherever b．left c．leave d．to leave ( )15．he entered the office hurriedly, _______ the door open.
( )16．he had to quit the job _______ his ill health.
a．asb．as forc．becaused．because of
( )17. she needs more friends of her own _______.
a．yearb．agec．period d．stage
( )18．_______ ,the training will help you become better at what you do.
a．in the season b．in the period
c．in the long run d. in the long range
( )19．sea levels are _______ to rise between 7 and 23 inches by the end of 21 century.
a．inspectedb．suspectedc．expectedd．detected
( )20．smoking and drinking may _______ heart disease and cancer.
a．result from b．lead to c．come from d．get to
Ⅲ.close(30 points)
directions：for each blank in the following passage，there are four choices marked a，b，
c an
d d．choos
e the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet．
the nobel prizes are awards that are given each year for special things that people or groups of people have achieved. they are awarded in six : physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace and economics.
the prizes come from that was created by the swedish inventor alfred nobel. he wanted to use some of his money to help make the world a place to live in.
award a gold medal, a diploma and a lot of money. prizes can only be given to of all races, countries and religions. only the peace prize can be given to a group.
the first nobel prizes were handed out december 10, 1901-five years after alfred nobel’s death. nobel was a chemist, e ngineer and inventor most famous invention, dynamite（炸药）
officials at first handed out only five prizes a year. the prize for economics was first
awarded in 1969. in some prizes were not awarded because there were no candidates.
all prizes are presented in stockholm, sweden, with the exception of the peace prize, which is awarded in oslo, norway. ( )21. a.partsb.areasc.regionsd.classes
( )22. a.a bondb.a fundc.a scholarshipd.an investment
( )23. https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b8582290.html,rger
( )24. a.declarerb.concludec.determined.announce
( )25. a.makes upb.focuses onc.refers tod.consists of
( )26. https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b8582290.html,anizationsb.singlesrc.institutionsd.individuals ( )27. a.yetb.alsoc.stilld.ever
( )28. a.onb.inc.atd.by
( )29. a.whob.thatc.whosed.whom
( )30. a.humorousb.richc.seriousd.smart
( )31. a.strangeb.mysteriousc.magicd.deadly
( )32. a.violenceb.hatredc.confusiond.jealousy
( )33. a.racesb.regionsc.mindd.mankind
( )34. a.yearsb.yearc.timed.times
( )35. a.valuableb.invaluablec.worthyd.worthwhile
Ⅳ. reading comprehension (60 points)
directions：there are five reading passages in this part．each passage is followed by four questions．for each question there are four suggested answers marked a，b，c and
d．choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet．
passage one
at first glance, there hardly seems to be any comparison between ravenna and rome, but back in the 5th century, it was
ravenna that served as capital of the westem roman empire. in this city. roman rulers built monuments which are famous, then and now, for their sweeping mosaics（镶嵌图案）. seven of ravenna’s eight buildings from the 5th and 6th centuries are spectacularly decorated with examples of this ancient a rt. “in the past, many people couldn’t read or write.”says tour guide and ravenna native silvia giogoli. “mosaics were a way to explain the religion and the political situation to the people.”
visitors to ravenna can look at pieces of art by ancient artists, listen to musicians, and learn to make their own masterpieces. travel tips
when to go:june—october;weather is pleasant in april and may but historic sites can get crowded with shool groups.
where to stay: walk through historic district sites from albergocappello and stay at a modern hotel centrale byron.
how to get around:take the train from bologna, and then walk, bike, or use taxis within the city.
where to eat or drink: housed in a former movie theater, two-story ristorante cinema alexander blends 1940s hollywood flavor with homemade emilia romagna courses and attentive service(helpful in translating the menu). for fresh seafood, try osterial’accigua and da buco.
what to buy: watch the next generation of emilia romagna mosaic artists create
contemporary and traditional pieces in local studios where modern artists use the same methods as their byzantine forefathers.
what to read before you go: ravenna in late antiquity, by deborah mauskopf
deliyannis(2010), provides a wide-ranging look at the city?s art, architecture, and history.
( )36. in ancient times, mosaics were used to .
a. display artistic achievements
b. compete with roman paintings
c. explain religion and politics
d. teach reading and writing
( )37. lots of schoolchildren visit historic sites such as ravenna in .
a. may
b. june
c. september
d. october
( )38. if you want to try fresh seafood, you should go to .
a. emilia romagna
b. hotel centrale byron
c. ristorante cinema alexander
d.osterial?accigua and da buco ( )39. why is ravenna in late antiquity recommended in this passage?
a. because it was written by a famous writer.
b. because tourists get to learn a lot about the city from it.
c. because tourists can get valuable tips for buying art pieces.
d. because it provides useful information about the city?s weather.
passage two
when you pat your pet dog, he wags（摆来摆去）his tail. that is his way of saying that he loves you. and, if you pay attention, you will see that he uses his tail to say so many things. every movement of the tail means a different thing. if the dog is wagging its tail, it is a sign of
friendliness; if his tail is straight, it means he is getting ready for a fight; and if his tail is tucked（塞）behind his legs, it means he is giving up the fight.
unlike dogs, cats? tail language is not so expressive. when a cat feels threatened, he puffs himself up to appear big and his tail shakes with tension. and when he is displeased with something, he lashes out（甩动）his tail.
the tail language of dogs and cats has a little story behind it. earlier, when dogs and cats had their food. when dogs went
out hunting with their friends, tail language came handy. when they were close to each other,dogs could use facial expressions to talk. but, for long-distance
communication, they used their tails. unlike dogs, cats liked to hunt alone. so, they did not need to use tail language too often. as a result, their vocabulary in tail language is much smaller than that of dogs? .
( )40. what does it mean when a dog?s tail is straight?
a. it has a lot to say to you.
b. it wants to stop fighting.
c. it is going to fight.
d. it likes to be patted.
( )41. a cat tries to appear big when it is .
a. facing a danger
b. unhappy
c. ready to hunt
d. hungry
( )42. which of the following does the author intend to say?
a. dogs and cats are not good friends
b. dogs are much friendlier than cats.
c. dogs and cats are usually good pets.
d. dogs use tail language more than cats.
( )43. in the last paragraph, t he underlined word “predators” refers to .
a. animals that follow and obey other animals
b. animals that kill and eat other animals
c. animals that live in the wild
d. animals kept by people
passage three
like any teenagers, the face of one teen story is changing fast. just a year olk, the monthly magazine of short fiction for young people is getting a new editor-in-chief: patrick ryan, 47, the associate editor of granta from 2009 to 2013. he left the
london-based literary journal last month.
editing one teen story- the younger sibling（姊妹篇）of one story magazine-will offer ryan a chance to reach a whole new audience. “it’s really the only magazine for young aduit short fiction,”he says from his office in new york. “it’s tremendously exciting that there are
younger people out there who have subscriptions and look forward to getting these stories once a month. that form is usually only presented when it’s forced upon them in schools.” designed for readers 14 and up, one teen story publishes nine issue s a year. like its sibling magazine, it doesn’t carry photographs or advertising. it’s just exactly what it says:one story perissue.
ryan says young people are“looking for engaging reads about people whom they can identify with. it?s not about having a message or positive spin（说教）. it always start on a
character level, and it has to have an interesting story. if you look at the ?twilight? characters and the ?harry potter? characters, they feel very contemporary.”
ryan also sees the magazine as a way to encourage talented authors. “ i would love th make one teen storyreally love the idea that this magazine would be the starting point for somebody –would be the push to make a talented writer feel that it was worth keeping at this.”
( )44. who is patrick ryan?
a. he is the editor-in-chief of granta.
b. he is the editor-in-chief of one story.
c. he is the editor-in-chief of “twilight”.
d. he is the editor-in-chief of one teen story
( )45. what is one teen story?
a. it is a story magazine for teenagers.
b. it is a london-based literary journal.
c. it is a column of a newspaper.
d. it is a magazine of science fiction
( )46. according to ryan, what attracts young rcaders most?
a. photographs and illustration.
【篇二：2016成人高考英语模拟试题】
ass=txt>Ⅰ. phonetics (10 points)
directions:
in each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter
combinations marked a, b, c and d. compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
1.a. club b. tomb c. comb d. climb
2.a. food b. cool c. school d. flood
3.a. town b. how c. down d. snow
4.a. each b. peach c. break d. deal
5.a. hear b. fear c. dear d. wear
6.a. receive b. friend c. field d. piece
7.a. question b. notion c. exception d. vocation
8.a. exhaust b. exercise c. exam d. exact
9.a. where b. what c. whose d. white
10.a. switch b. hatch c. character d. match
Ⅱ. vocabulary and structure (40 points)
directions:
there are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. for each sentence there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
11. today is jenny’s wedding da y. she _______ to thomas.
a. just has got married
b. has just married
c. was just married
d. has just got married
12. every officer and every soldier _______ obey the rules.
a. had to
b. have to
c. has to
d. must have to
13. rarely _______ so difficult a problem.
a. she could have faced with
b. could have she faced with
c. she could have been faced with
d. could she have been faced with
14. ______ a dog on the road, the car stopped.
a. having seen
b. on seeing
c. the driver seeing
d. seeing
15. i asked my teacher _______.
a. what courses should i take
b. should i take what courses
c. i should take what courses
d. what courses i should take
16. comrade li promised to help us and he said he would come ______.
a. right away
b. all at once
c. all of a sudden
d. all right
17. there aren’t many pandas ________ in the world today.
a. alive
b. living
c. lively
d. lived
18. such electron tubes ________ in a radio set are also found in a tv set.
a. that we use
b. as we use
c. as we use them
d. that we use them
19. it _______ to me that he was jealous.
a. happened
b. took
c. occurred
d. felt
20. one of the requirements for a fire is that the material
______ to its burning temperature.
a. were heated
b. must be heated
c. is heated
d. be heated
21. please ______ me at the station on time.
a. meeting
b. to meet
c. meet
d. met
22. _______ “hello”, he reached out his hand.
a. said
b. saying
c. to say
d. say
23. people are more _______ to spend money on goods with an attractive look than those without.
a. attracted
b. tempted
c. persuaded
d. tended
24. it was ______ he saw the doctor coming out of the emergeney room with an expression as grave as a judge
_______ he realized the seriousness of his wife’s illness.
a. not until…that
b. after…when
c. until…then
d. before…that
25. please telephone me half an hour _______.
a. in charge
b. in advance
c. in time
d. in front
26. both mary and ellen, as well as jan, _______ studying chinese history.
a. are
b. is
c. are being
d. is being
27. i’d like to _______ him to you for the job. he is a very clever and industrious boy.
a. refer
b. suggest
c. recommend
d. propose
28. it ______ that 200 people died and over 5,000 lost their shelters after the flood.
a. reported
b. reports
c. has been reported
d. has reported
29. he was asked to speak louder ______ all the other students in the classroom could hear him.
a. as
b. so as to
c. so that
d. so as
30. his report on the space exploration was really ________.
a. exciting
b. excited
c. excitement
d. excitedly
31. your chair needs _______.
a. to repair
b. repairing
c. to repairing
d. being repair
32. i hate to see papers _______ in pencil.
a. writing
b. to write
c. written
d. write
33. the job made her dependent _______ her husband.
a. on
b. from
c. of
d. to
34. this is the second time she ______ improvement on that equipment.
a. had made
b. made
c. is making
d. has made
35. he spoke so quickly that i did not ______ what he said.
a. catch
b. accept
c. take
d. listen
36. _______determines a good meal varies from country to country.
a. what
b. that
c. it
d. which
37. as the journey was a long one, he took a friend with him
for ________.
a. pleasure
b. entertainment
c. company
d. defence
38. i suggest _______ for an outgoing this sunday.
a. us going
b. we are going
c. to go
d. our going
39. we’ve ______ sugar. ask him to lend us some.
a. run away with
b. run down
c. run off
d. run out of
40. it was in 1930 _______ he became a university student.
a. when
b. that
c. which
d. and
41. i am very _______ to you for your help.
a. grateful
b. agreeable
c. pleased
d. thanks
42. you _______ go now. it’s very late.
a. had rather
b. prefer to
c. had better
d. would rather
43. if i were you, i would take it easy, _______ is no need to be nervous.
a. it
b. this
c. there
d. which
44. why not _______ me earlier?
a. to tell
b. tell
c. telling
d. told
45. joe’s handwriting is ________ mary’s.
a. more better
b. as well as
c. much better than
d. more better than
46. the experiment _______ the discovery of a cure for cancer.
a. happened to
b. led up
c. resulted in
d. set up
47. to produce one pound of honey, a colony of bees must fly
a distance _______ to twice around the world.
a. similar
b. equal
c. compared
d. corresponding
48. i did not mean ____ anything, but those apples looked so good i couldn’t resist ___one.
a. to eat…trying
b. to eat…to trying
c. eating…to try
d. eating…to trying
49. i had hardly sat down _______ he stepped in.
a. when
b. that
c. until
d. after
50. in his time he enjoyed a reputation _______.
a. as great as mozart, if not greater than
b. as great as, if not greater than, mozart
c. as great, if not greater, as mozart
d. greater, if not as great as mozartⅢ. cloze (20 points)
directions:
for each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blankening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
robert edwards was blinded in a traffic accident. he was also a little deaf _51_ old age. last week, he was taking a walk near his home when a thunderstorm came. he hid _52_ the storm under a big tree and was struck by lightning. he was knocked _53_ the ground and woke up some 20 minutes _54_, lying face down in water in water
below a tree. he went into the house and lay down in bed. a short time later, he awoke; his legs felt _55_ and he was trembling, but, when he opened his eyes, he could see the clock across the room fading in and out in front of him. when his wife entered, he _56_ her for the first time in nine years. doctors _57_ that he had regained his sight
and hearing obviously from the flash of lightning, but they were unable to explain that. the only _58_ explanation offered by one doctor was that, _59_ edwards lost his sight as a result
of trauma in a terrible accident, perhaps the only way it could be restored was by _60_ trauma.
51.a. because b. because of c. as d. since
52.a. from b. away c. against d. contrary
53.a. at b. in c. to d. on
54.a. late b. soon c. later d. after
55.a. dying b. dead c. die d. being died
56.a. saw b. watched c. noticed d. examined
57.a. say b. thought over c. made sure d. agreed to
58.a. possibly b. possible c. probably d. mainly
59.a. although b. because of c. even though d. since
60.a. others b. other c. another d. one other
Ⅳ. reading comprehension (60 points)
directions:
there are four reading passages in this part. each passage is followed by five questions. for each question there are four suggested answers marked a, b, c and d. choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.passage one
in ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals and stones. then the barter system was replaced by coins, which still had real value since they were pieces of rare metal. coins were followed by fiat money, paper notes that have value only because everyone agrees to accept them.
today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that will transform money into even less tangible forms, reducing it to a series of “bits and bytes”, or units of computerized information, going between machines at the speed of light. already, electronic fund transfer allows money to be instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and countries through computers and
telecommunications devices.
61. which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?
a. international banking policies
b. the history of monetary exchange
c. the development of paper currencies
d. current problems in the economy
【篇三：2016年成人高考专升本政治试题及答案】
ass=txt>一、选择题：1～40小题。每小题2分，共80分。在每小题给出的四个选项中。选出一项最符合题目要求的。
1.马克思主义哲学最主要、最显著的特征是()
a.阶级性
b.革命性
c.实践性
d.科学性
2.物质和意识的关系是( )
a.物质决定意识，意识适应于物质
b.意识决定物质，物质随意识的变化而变化
c.物质决定意识，意识也决定物质
d.物质决定意识，意识对物质有能动的反作用
3.抽象的可能性是指( )
a.永远不能实现的东西
b.实质上是一种不可能性
c.在现实中有充分根据的东西
d.在现实中缺乏充分根据，当前条件下不能实现的东西
4.主观和客观、认识和实践的统一是( )
a.抽象的不变的统一
b.具体的历史的统一
c.绝对的永恒的统一
d.相对的暂时的统一
5.理解整个人类社会发展史的钥匙是( )
a.阶级斗争发展史
b.政治制度演变史
c.生产劳动发展史
d.宗教信仰变迁史
6.唯物史观与唯心史观在历史创造者问题上的根本对立在于是否承认(
a.个人在历史发展中的作用
b.思想动机在历史发展中的作用
c.人民群众是推动历史发展的决定力量
d.剥削阶级代表人物在历史发展中的作用
7.人的本质是()
a.永恒不变的
b.随主观意志的变化而变化的
c.随社会关系的变化而变化的
d.随个性的变化而变化
8.资本主义道路在中国走不通的最根本原因是( )
a.帝国主义不容许
b.封建主义不容许
c.无产阶级不容许
d.民族资产阶级的妥协性、软弱性
)
9.在八七会议上，毛泽东强调了( )
a.工人运动的重要性
b.武装斗争的重要性
c.根据地建设的重要性
d.城市工作的重要性
10.革命统一战线的根本问题是( )
a.领导权问题
b.争取多数、反对少数问题
c.政策和策略问题
d.政治纲领和战线问题
11.首次明确提出执政党建设问题的会议是( )
a.中共六届七中全会
b.中共七大
c.中共七届二中全会
d.中共七届三中全会
12.在党的八大上，提出“三个主体，三个补充”的观点的是( )
a.毛泽东
b.邓小平
c.陈云
d.邓子恢
13.中国共产党的思想路线是( )
a.独立自主，自力更生
b.理论联系实际，密切联系群众
c.解放思想，实事求是
d.爱国统一战线
14.“三个代表”重要思想是在( )
a.总结党的历史经验的基础上提出来的
b.科学制定党的历史任务的基础上提出来的
c.科学判断党的历史方位的基础上提出来的
d.科学判断我国基本国情的基础上提出来的
15.我国社会主义初级阶段的主要矛盾是( )
a.经济基础和上层建筑的矛盾
b.人民群众日益增长的物质文化需要与落后的社会生产之间的矛盾
c.社会主义和资本主义的矛盾
d.生产力和生产关系的矛盾
16.改革是中国的()
a.第一次革命
b.第二次革命
c.第三次革命
d.第四次革命
17.我国经济发展的战略重点是( )
a.农业、能源和交通、教育和科学
b.第三产业
c.新兴产业
d.金融业
18.执行社会主义宏观调控职能的是( )
a.社会主义企业
b.社会主义国家的政府
c.社会主义经济实体
d.人民代表大会
19.十七大报告指出加快行政管理体制改革建设()
a.服务型政府
b.领导型政府
c.权威型政府
d.法制型政府
20.精神文明重在建设，指()
a.把“发展”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
b.把“培育”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
c.把“建设”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
d.把“实效”作为工作的出发点和落脚点
21.霸权主义和强权政治的社会根源是( )
a.资产阶级的意识形态
b.垄断资本主义的政治经济制度
c.资产阶级的****主义
d.社会、经济全球化
a.立法权
b.独立的司法权和终审权
c.行政管辖权
d.可以保留自己的军队
23.马克思主义的理论品质是( )
a.解放思想
b.实事求是
c.开拓创新
d.与时俱进
24.中国红色政权存在和发展的最根本的原因是( )
a.相当力量红军的存在
b.中国政治经济发展的不平衡
c.中国共产党的领导
d.国民革命的影响
25.提出社会主义初级阶段党的基本经验是在( )
a.党的十三大
b.党的十四大
c.党的十五大
d.党的十六大
26.党的十五大报告指出，加强党的组织建设，根本的是()
a.坚持民主集中制原则，发扬党内民主
b.坚持从严治党，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，增强党的凝聚力和战斗力
c.按照革命化，年轻化，知识化，专业化的方针，建设高素质的干部队伍
d.把党建设成坚强的领导核心，充分发挥党的组织优势
27.判断一种生产关系是否先进的标志在于(）
a.是促进还是阻碍生产力发展
b.是公有制还是私有制
c.劳动产品的分配是否公平
d.人与人之间的关系是否平等
28.作为社会现象的阶级，它是一个( )
a.经济范畴
b.政治范畴
c.思想范畴
d.文化范畴
29.就国家的起源来说，它是()
a.暴力征服的产物
b.人们相互订立契约的产物
c.阶级矛盾调和的产物
d.阶级矛盾不可调和的产物
30.我国实行一国两制不会改变人民民主专政国家的社会主义性质。这是因为()
a.特别行政区只是中华人民共和国的一个行政区域
b.特别行政区政府是在中华人民共和国中央人民政府的统一领导下
c.特别行政区享有内地一般地方行政区域所没有的高度自治权
d.两种制度的地位不同，社会主义制度是主体
31.共产主义道德的核心是()
a.抛弃一切个人利益
b.人人为我，我为人人
c.集体主义思想
d.主观为自己，客观为他人
32.遵义会议上，中央在实际上确立了谁的核心领导地位()
a.毛泽东
b.王稼祥
c.周恩来
d.张闻天
33.中国共产党在中国革命中战胜敌人的三大法宝是()
a.武装斗争，统一战线，土地革命
b.武装斗争，统一战线，党的建设
c.土地革命，党的建设，武装斗争
d.根据地建设，工人运动，党的建设
34.中国共产党同顽固派斗争的策略原则是()
a.有理有利有节
d.独立自主
c.武装对抗
d.一切经过统一战线
35.我国为改善农业生产条件，增加农业投入的重要途径有()
a.保证粮食稳定增长，搞活多种经营，不断增加农民收入
b.引导农民增加劳动投入和资金积累
c.中央和地方保证必要的农业投入
d.改革农产品流通体制，建立产销直接挂钩的新机制
36～40为时事政治题(略)
二、辨析题：41～42小题，每小题10分。共20分。首先判断正确或错误。然后说明理由。
41.哲学是科学世界观和方法论的统一。
42.中国共产党领导的武装斗争就是农民革命战争。
三、简答题：43～45小题，每小题10分。共30分。
43.毛泽东关于新民主主义社会的理论。
44.简述“三个代表”重要思想的辨证统一关系。
45.简述唯物主义反映论和唯心主义先验论的区别。
四、论述题：46小题，20分。
46.为什么必须把党的思想建设放在党的各方面建设的首位?
参考答案
一、选择题：每小题2分，共80分。
1.c
2.d 3 d 4 .b 5.c 6.c 7.c 8.d 9.b 10.a 11.c 12.c 1
3.c
14.c
15.b 16.b 17.a 18.b 19.a 20.c 21.b 22.d 23.d 24.b 25.d 26.d
27.a
28.a 29.d 30.d 31.c 32.a 33.b 34.a 35.c
二、辨析题：每小题10分，共20分。
41.错误。
不能笼统地说哲学都是科学的世界观和方法论。
(1)从古到今，哲学流派名目繁多，形式多样，有唯物主义，也有唯心主义，有辩证法，也有形而上学。因此，对不同哲学的性质要作
具体分析，不能都笼统地说成是科学的世界观和方法论。
(2)马克思主义哲学以实践为基础，正确地回答了思维和存在的关系问题，正确地解决了哲学与具体科学的关系问题，实现了唯物论与
辩证法的有机统一，唯物辩证的自然观和社会历史观的统一，是彻
底的唯物主义一元论哲学，因而是科学的世界观和方法论。
(3)唯心主义和形而上学歪曲了客观世界的本来面貌，不是科学的世界观和方法论。
42.错误。
中国共产党领导的新民主主义革命，在本质上是农民革命，但它并
不能说就是农民革命。
(1)中国共产党领导的武装斗争实质上是农民革命战争，主要是由中
国资产阶级民主革命的性质和中国革命的长期性决定的，农民是反
帝反封建的主力军，农村是中国革命走向胜利的主要战略基地。中
国共产党要积蓄和锻炼力量，并避免在力量不够的时候和强大的敌
人进行决定胜负的战斗，那就必须领导农民，把落后的农村建设成
先进的根据地，借以在长期的战斗中争取中国革命的胜利。人民军
队的产生和发展必须依靠农村、依靠农民、依靠根据地建设。中国
的武装斗争正是同无产阶级领导下的土地革命相结合，发动农民支
持和参加革命战争，才形成了人民战争取之不竭的力量源泉。
(2)中国新民主主义革命时期的武装斗争，不是简单的农民战争，而
是在无产阶级领导(经过共产党)下的人民革命斗争。单纯的农民战争，不可能具有坚强的领导核心，不可能有正确的理论指导。离开了中
国共产党的领导，农民武装斗争是不可能取得胜利的。
三、简答题：每小题10分，共30分。
43.(1)新民主主义社会不是独立的社会形态，而是一个属于社会主义范畴，带有过渡性质的社会。
(2)它在经济上实行国营经济领导下的包括国营经济、合作社经济、
个体经济、私人资本主