美语23训练
美语训练班第二十三课
A: 大家好，又到了学美语的时间了！欢迎收听美语训练班！我是杨琳！
B: 我是Jessica！杨琳,今天我们教什么呢？
A: 今天，咱们要去跳芭蕾舞, 聊聊电视节目，了解一下各种各样的保险产品, 还要告诉大家怎么用美语说“软柿子”和“别烦我”。
B: Sounds good! 不过，我要先考考你，上期节目咱们在Learn a word中教的什么词你还记得么？
A: 啊？这个....让我想一下....好像是"plummet" 对不对？就是暴跌的意思。
B: That's right! 今天咱们要教的这个词和plummet是相反的意思。
A: 快来听听！
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Learn A Word Hike
今天我们要学的词是hike. Hike is spelled h-i-k-e; hike. Hike 意思是猛增，大幅度提高。加州政府预算不足，导致加州州立大学学费猛增。 The University of California system is looking at possible tuition hikes of up to 16% in the fall of 2012. 加州大学系统正在考虑2012年秋季大幅度上调学费，最多可能会增加16％。Netflix shares plummeted as subscribers left the service after its 60% price hike. 影视租赁公司Netflix大幅提高收费价格60％后，很多订户退订，造成该公司股价暴跌。President Obama announced a tax hike proposal for the wealthy。美国总统奥巴马宣布了一项给富人大幅度加税的提案。好的，今天我们学习的词是hike, hike, hike.
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A: Hike─大幅升高，猛增。我用这个词儿造个句子──I want a salary hike.我想要工资猛涨！
B：Everyone wants that! Probably you should talk with your supervisor and ask for it.
A: 跟领导提涨工资？这个.....我该怎么说呢？
B: Don't worry. I'm an expert in asking for a pay raise. 我可以教你。
A: 太好了！那你可得详详细细地告诉我，开始时要说什么，根据领导的反应，再说什么，最后说什么。就跟下面我们要教的这个短语一样，You need to tell me everything, blow by blow!
B: 好吧！不过，咱们先来听“美国习惯用语”，了解一下blow by blow的用法。
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Words and idioms: blow by blow
女：各位听众，现在播送<美国习惯用语>第 943讲。我是杨琳。
M：我是 Doug Johnson.
女：话说昨天我接到了我妹妹的电话，她跟男朋友吵架了，特别伤心。她把他们吵架的内容一句一句转述给我，足足讲了两个多小时! 这让我想到了一个习惯用语：
M: Blow by blow. Blow is spelled b-l-o-w. Blow-by-blow. Blow by blow.
女：Blow 这个词本身的意思是“敲击”，而Blow by blow作为一个习惯用语的意思是“详细地描述事情经过”。My sister told me the fight BLOW BY BLOW. 我妹妹把她跟男朋友吵架的事原原本本告诉了我。下面这个句子谈到一对好莱坞夫妇，Debbie and Charles。我们来听一听：
M: "What's Happened to one of Hollywood's hottest couples? First, Debbie learned that Charles had a serious gambling problem. There was a huge fight. A couple months later, Debbie threw all of his belongings into the street. He moved out,
BLOW so far. "
这段话是说：[好莱坞最红的夫妇，Debbie 和Charles之间到底怎么了? 原来啊，Debbie 得知Charles特别好赌，他们俩大吵了一架。几个月之后，Debbie把Charles 的所有东西都扔到了大街上。Charles搬了出去，还提出跟Debbie离婚。目前知道的就是这些。]
女：当个明星真不容易。现在社会，各种录音设备齐全，狗仔队很容易就能give a blow-to-blow description of their private life。他们很容易就能详细披露明星的私生活。好，让我们再来听一遍刚才那段话：
M: "What's Happened to one of Hollywood's hottest couples? First, Debbie learned that Charles had a serious gambling problem. There was a huge fight. A couple months later, Debbie threw all of this belongings into the street. He moved out,
BLOW so far. "
女: 我有个朋友前几天在银行外面等人的时候，目睹了一次银行抢劫的经过! 他向警方详细描述了他所看到的情况。让我们来听一听:
M: "I was waiting outside of the bank. And, through the window, I saw the robber approach the teller, pull out a gun, and demand that she hand over all the money from her drawer. Then he shot at a guard before running out the side door. Since I saw it all happen, it was easy for me to give the police a BLOW-BY-BLOW description."
这段话是说：[我当时在银行外面等人。透过窗户我看到那个抢劫犯走向出纳员，拔出一把枪，逼她把抽屉里的所有现金拿出来。之后他向警卫开枪，从侧门逃了出去。因为我一直在那，所以我能够向警察详细描述事情的全部过程。]
女: 有了这么详尽的描述，警察寻找起嫌疑犯来一定容易多了。请大家注意，blow by blow也可以当作
形容词来用，意思是“详尽的”，比如说，a blow-by-blow description, 详尽的描述；a blow-by-blow analysis, 详尽的分析； a blow-by-blow review，详尽的审查。做形容词的时候，我们一般要在这个短语之间加上hyphen, 连字符。好，我们再来听听刚才那段话：
M: "I was waiting outside of the bank. And, through the window, I saw the robber approach the teller, pull out a gun, and demand that she hand over all the money from her drawer. Then he shot at a guard before running out the side door. Since I saw it all happen, it was easy for me to give the police a BLOW-BY-BLOW description."
女：各位听众，今天我们学习的习惯用语是blow by blow，意思是“详尽描述”。
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A: Jessica, 你知道咱们的“美语怎么说“节目被做成有声电子书放在网上了吧？
B: Of course! People love it and we have tens of thousands of downloads!
A: 没错！不过，有声电子书还是比较新的东西，好多读者还不太明白下载后要怎么做才能听到课程的声音。
B: Maybe we should add a blow-by-blow guide at the beginning of the book and teach everyone how to listen to the audio.
A: That's a great idea!
B: 好！那咱们就来听今天的“美语怎么说”！
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How to say it: pushover
Donny 在北京学中文，他的中国朋友要是遇到了不知道用美语怎么说的词，就会来请教他。今天是方方要问的：软柿子
Donny: 方方，Why do you look so tired?
FF: 别提了，我今天又被同事叫去跑腿儿。。。好累啊！我真不想再当软柿子被人使唤了！我要告诉他们，I don't want to be a...a....
Donny：你不是昨天才帮他们买咖啡吗? 你应该让他们 run their own errands! You should stop being a push-over!
FF: 你上次教我 run errands 是跑腿儿。那 a push-over 被人推来搡去，就是好欺负对不对?
Donny: 没错。a push-over 就是好欺负的人，你刚刚说什么"软狮子" 来着?
FF: 不是软狮子，是软柿子，吃的那种柿子。
Donny: Oh, "soft persimmon"? Sounds delicious! In English, you can also call a push-over a cowardly lion. A cowardly lion is someone who is supposed to be brave but lacks courage and acts cowardly.
FF: cowardly lion? 懦弱的狮子? 一个狮子，一个柿子。太有趣了。
Donny: 美国经典电影 "The Wizard of Oz" 里的狮子就叫Cowardly Lion.
FF: 原来是这样，那我绝对不要当 cowardly lion.
Donny: Yes, you should really stop being a cowardly lion and don't let people push you over.
FF: 是啊！我要告诉他们，不许再欺负我！不要来烦我！你快告诉我，这两句话英语怎么说？
Donny: You can say "stop bullying me." Bully, B-u-l-l-y意思是欺负。“别烦我”更容易，我一说你准会，叫 Leave me alone.
FF: 我明天就去告诉他们，Stop bullying me! Leave me alone.
Donny: That's right! Let's see what you've learned today.
FF: 第一，软柿子可以说 push-over，也可以叫cowardly lion.
第二，欺负人是 bully.
第三，别烦我是 leave me alone.
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B: Leave me alone! 别烦我！
A: I'm not a pushover! 我可不是软柿子！
B: 哈哈，学的不错！
A: 说起来，我最近在看一个电视剧，那里面的女主角就是个pushover，人人都欺负她，我都替她着急，怎么不奋起反抗啊！
B: 别着急，I'm sure she'll grow stronger later. That's usually how they tell stories on TV.
A：对！就算她自己继续当受气包，那后面也一定会出现一个强大的白马王子来保护她！电视剧都是这么编的。
B: 就是的，咱们都能写电视剧了。
A: 那不是因为咱们老看电视，有经验嘛！说到这个，咱们来听今天的“美语三级跳”，讲的就是电视节目。
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GoEnglish: TV-beginner
各位听众，大家好！今天我们为您播出“美语三级跳”节目“电视节目”单元的初级课程。
Winnie: Will 和Jane在约会，俩人聊起了各自爱看的电视节目。
Professor: That's right, Winnie. Today they are talking about reality TV.
Winnie: “Reality TV”--电视真人秀! 这种节目其实一点都不真实，我听说，很多情节和对话其实也是按照剧本，有安排的!
Professor: Maybe, but they are still entertaining.
Will: So Jane, what kind of TV shows do you like to watch?
Jane: I really love reality TV. Do you?
Will: Oh yeah, me too. And it's great that there are so
many shows now to choose from!
Jane: I know. There are so many reality TV programs I can't keep them straight!
Winnie: 原来这两人都喜欢看真人秀。 Will很高兴地说，电视上的这种节目很多，Jane说，节目太多了，所以she can't keep them straight! Professor, 这是不是说她已经看得眼花缭乱，弄不清哪个是哪个了？
Professor: Yes! Jane is saying that there are so many reality TV shows out there, she can hardly keep track of which is which.
Winnie: 对了，Professor, Will 管“节目”叫“show”, 而Jane用了“program”，这两个词有什么区别么？
Professor: They mean exactly the same thing.
Will: You know what my favorite reality show is? Cops.
Jane: Cops? The show where they show what happens to the police? That show is so stupid.
Will: No way! Some people don't remember that Cops was the very first reality show.
Jane: I guess so ... but just because it was the first, doesn't mean it was the best.
Winnie: Will最喜欢的真人秀是“Cops”--“传奇警察”，他还说这是美国的第一个真人秀电视节目。我看过Cops，他们在警察的巡逻车里安上摄像机，跟拍警察出任务的情况。这个节目有什么意思啊，我不懂!
Professor: Well, Winnie, it's very successful. It has been on 22 seasons, and has made more than 750 episodes.
Winnie: 哇， Professor, 你记得好清楚啊! 我还真不知道这个节目这么受欢迎，已经拍了 22 seasons--二十二季，more than 750 episodes--七百五十多集啦？!
Professor: Yes, it's that popular! But what does Jane say?
Winnie: Jane说，虽然Cops是第一个真人秀，但并不代表它就是最好的。不知道Jane最爱看的是哪个节目。
Will: OK Jane, what reality TV shows do you like?
Jane: I like shows that have real people who are like me.
Will: You like to watch normal people doing regular things? That's not interesting at all!
Jane: Yes it is! If it isn't interesting, why are reality TV shows on all the channels?
Will: Jane, you don't need to watch TV to see normal people. They're all around you in your real life!
Winnie: 看来，Jane的品味和Will很不同，她喜欢看那些演普通人日常生活的真人秀。我同意Will的看法，如果你喜欢看普通人，那看看周围的人不就行了么，何必要看电视呢？
Professor: I agree. When I watch TV, I want to see amazing things I can't see every day.
Winnie: 就是嘛。对了，Professor, Jane 还说，真人秀节目 "are on all the channels"，这是不是说，每个台都在播这种节目？
Professor: That's right. For example, "I couldn't find a good show to watch on any channel, so I read a book."
Jane: Have you ever watched the show Survivor?
Will: Yeah. I haven't seen the whole series, but I've seen a few reruns.
Jane: It's a good show because it showed regular people, but in a strange place.
Will: Yeah, that's a really good show.
Winnie: Jane 喜欢看“Survivor”--“幸存者”。Will说，他没看过这个节目的whole series--整个系列，但是看了a few reruns--几集重播。
Professor: Right. Why does Jane like that show?
Winnie: Jane说，Survivor演的是普通人身处险境时的事儿，所以很好看。
Professor: That's right. So Winnie, do you think Will and Jane have other kinds of shows they like to watch?
Winnie: 我们继续收听下次的节目就知道啦!
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B: Reality shows? Hmm, I'm not a big fan of those.
A: 我原来还觉得挺新鲜的，可后来，reality shows are on all the channels 所有台都是这种节目, that's when I got tired of it.
B: So what do you like to watch on TV now?
A: Sitcoms! 情景喜剧！又好玩儿，又能学到很多生活里的实用英语。
B: Yeah! I like Sitcoms too!
A: You should come to my house someday and we can watch it together!
B: 好主意！
A: 好了，不说电视了，咱们来听“礼节美语”，说说买保险。
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Business Etiquette: Insurance II
Jane向同事ANDY介绍公司的医疗保险。ANDY好奇地问：
大学英语语法专项练习题及答案
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