实用英语语法专项训练及模拟试题综合1概要

第一部分实用英语语法专项训练

第一章名词和名词词组（含名词属格）

I. Multiple choices.

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section, each of which is supplied with four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.

1. The room was small and contained far too _____.

A. many new furniture

B. much new furniture

C. many new furnitures

D. much new furnitures

2. The department purchased_____ to improve the working conditions there.

A. a new equipment

B. a new piece of equipment

C. new equipments

D. new pieces of equipments

3. In the United States, presidential elections are held once _____.

A. every four year

B. every four years

C. four every year

D. four every years

4. At least we are required to write five_____ every year.

A. theses

B. thesis

C. thesises

D. pieces of thesis

5. A hammer_____ a means of driving a nail.

A. was

B. is

C. are

D. were

6. He has given a series of _____ of his loyalty and sincerity.

A. proof

B. prooves

C. proofs

D. proofes

7. He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on

his _____.

A. wages

B. little wage

C. wage

D. few wage

8. The police _____ the house attempting to find some traces of the questioned.

A. is searching

B. search

C. searching

D. searches

9. After ten years, all these youngsters became _____.

A. growns-ups

B. growns-up

C. grown-up

D. grown-ups

10. All the _____ got a rise last month without any expectation.

A. woman doctors

B. women doctors

C. women doctor

D. woman doctor

11. The police put the criminal _____.

A. in a iron

B. into a iron

C. in irons

D. into a pair of iron

12. Some _____ from the countryside want to find jobs in the city.

A. youth

B. youths

C. a youth

D. the youth

13. Ten years have passed, I found my mother had_____.

A. a little white hair

B. a few white hairs

C. much white hair

D. some white hair

14. “Did _____ go to the party?”

A. many John friends

B. many John’s friend

C. many of John’s friends

D. many friends of John

15. This shop sells_____ and sometimes other fashionable things.

A. men’s clothing

B. man clothes

C. clothing of men

D. man’s clothing

16. _____ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun’s energy.

A. The surface of the earth

B. The earth’s surface

C. The earth surface

D.The surface earth

17. “What can I do for you?” “I want _____.”

A. two dollar’s worth of candy

B. two dollars’ worth of candy

C. dollars worth of candy

D. two dollars-worth candy

18. Numerous materials are available to _____.

A. today of designers

B. today’s of designers

C. today’s designers

D. today designers

19. John has a _____ daughter.

A. five-years-old

B. five-year old

C. five year old

D. five-year-old

20. I had my hair made at _____ near the department store.

A. the barber

B. the barbers

C. the barber’s

D. the barbers’

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21. His arguments, comparatively speaking, have a firm basis.

A B C D

22．He was employed as a consultant on the base of three weeks.

A B C D

23. They designed a new type of TV device.

A B C D

24. There are so many convenient kitchen sets in this specialty.

A B C D

25. The harvest to the crops was serious because of the storm.

A B C D

26. He invested his money in stocks at an adventure.

A B C D

27. They have got everything ready for the three day’s voyage in the mountains.

A B C D

28. When the couple went to the party, they were in their best clothing.

A B C D

29. Several articles of clothes were found in the suitcase.

A B C D

30. Our university received a gift of a million dollars.

A B C D

III. Give the plural of :

31. sit-in 32. clothes hanger

33. woman driver https://www.360docs.net/doc/bb4091179.html,rmation office

35. gentleman farmer 36. saving bank

37. evening dress 38. great aunt

39. take-off 40. passer-by

IV. Fill in the blanks with the cues in the brackets, using a countable or uncountable noun in its proper number.

41. They grow their own _____. (carrot)

42. Good stew(炖菜) must contain _____.(carrot)

43. _____is refreshing in summer. (beer)

44. They had two _____.(beer)

45. Rich men live in _____.(luxury)

46. A refrigerator is _____here. (luxury)

47. _____travels faster than sound. (light)

48. Do you have _____ in the corridor? (light)

49. _____ is its own reward. (virtue)

50. Her _____ were well-known. (virtue)

【参考答案与解析】

I. Multiple choices.

1.【B】furniture 是表总称的物质名词（也有的书称为集合名词），没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用，含义上永远是单数。即使前面有some 修饰，也不能用复数。例如：I’ve just bought some new furniture.若要表示“数”，可用much, little, a little, a lot of, lots of 等修饰。

2.【B】equipment 是集合名词，不可数。一件设备：a piece of equipment;一套设备：a set of equipment.

3.【B】every 与基数词、序数词、other 和few 连用，表示时间和空间的间隔，表示“每……;每隔……”。例如：He comes here every three days.“他每三天/每隔两天来这儿一次。”在every four years 中，year受前面的four制约了，所以加s(复数要求)，可以理解为every 管不着year了。

4.【A】thesis ，“毕业或学位论文”，它的复数形式是不规则变化：theses.

5.【B】means，表示“方式，方法，工具”的时候，是个单复同形的名词。当means做主语时，其谓语的数须根据句意来定。All possible means have been tried. “所有可能的办法都已经试过了”。Every possible means has been tried. “每种可能的办法都已经试过了。”

6.【A】当proof表示的证据是物品时是可数名词；当证据是言论和行文时是不可数名词。

7.【A】wage(s)(经常用于复数),这个词用来指体力或机械工人、仆人、商店店员、职工等的工资。通常指一周,(甚至一天)一付的工资。例如:邮递员又罢工了。他们要增加工资。The Postmen are on strike again. They want higher wages.而wage的单数形式常用作定语和某些短语中。例如:wage labor，“雇佣劳动”或“雇佣劳动力”。

8【B】集合名词police, family, group 作主语时，若强调一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调集体中一个个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The class is to have its picture taken this afternoon.今天下午全班照相。This class is studying now. Mr. Smith is teaching them.这个班级的同学都在学习，斯密斯先生教他们。

9.【D】grown-up, “成人”，是复合名词，复合名词的复数形式通常是把最后的那个词变为复数形式，例如：boy-friends, break-ins ,travel-agents.

10.【B】当复合名词的第一个词是woman或man时，复合名词的两个部分都要变为复数形式。例如：men drivers, women drivers.

11.【C】in irons 是固定搭配，“被监禁、上镣铐、带着镣铐”。

12.【B】youth, 青年，是可数名词，要用复数形式。

13.【B】当hair 指一整头头发时，是不可数名词，而当hair指一根根头发时是可数的。例如：My hair is black. He has three white hairs.

14.【C】名词的双重所有格的基本形式为：不定冠词或表示数量的词+of+名词所有格，也就是说当a,an,this, that, these, those, some, any, no, every, such, another, which, what等与名词共同修饰一个名词时，用“a(this,some)+名词+of+’s所有格。

15.【A】clothing是不可数名词，men’s clothing，男服。

16.【A】英语名词所有格有两种：’s属格和of 属格。’s属格由名词后加’s 或’构成，多用来表示有生命的人或动物。由介词of 加名词构成的所有格，多用来表示无生命的事物。

17.【B】当表示值多少钱的东西时，可以用’s属格。例如：￡1’s worth of stamps, ten dollars’ worth of ice-cream. dollar 是可数名词，其复数形式的所有格是dollars’.

18.【C】表示时间时，可以用’s属格。例如：a week’s holiday, today’s paper, tomorrow’s weather 等等。

19.【D】“five-year-old”,是作为一个整体来修饰daughter的，是形容词的词性，表示“……岁”，要有连字符，而且要去掉years后面的s. “five years old”是名词词组，不能做定语修饰daughter.

20.【C】at the baber’，在理发店。这个名词所有格省略了后面的shop.类似的例子还有：the baker’s/the butcher’s/the chemist’s/the florist’s等等。

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21.【D】base“基础，基地”，指具体事物的基础，常指工业基地或军事基地。

22.【C】basis “根据，基础”，指抽象事物，如讨论、推断等依据或根据。on the basis of 为常用搭配，

23.【D】set“电视机或无线电的接受装置”；device “发明物，装置”，指做工具的简单的机械装置。

24.【C】参见23题解析。

25.【A】harvest“丰收”，根据句子意思，应该改为damage“损害”。

26.【D】adventure指“冒险活动或经历”；risk“危险，风险”，应改为at risk。

27.【C】voyage 指远距离的水上或空中旅行，journey是指时间长，距离较远的陆地旅行。

28.【D】clothing “衣服，服装”的总称，是物质名词，只有单数形式。而clothes既指穿戴在人体各部位的衣着，也可表示专为某种场合或年龄的人而设计的衣服，是个复数名词，可同many,these,those连用.根据句子意思，这里应改为clothes.

29.【B】解析参见28题。

30.【C】gift一般指价值较高的礼物，也可指送给团体的礼品等，present可指一般花销不大的礼品，donation“捐赠，捐款”。这里应改为donation。

III. Give the plural of :

31.【sit-ins】以“动词/-ed分词+副词”构成复合名词时，在词尾加-s.

32.【clothes hangers】以可数名词结尾的复合名词有复数形式，其复数形式把后面的名词变为复数。

33.【women drivers】以man或woman 为前缀的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词均需变为复数。

34.【information offices】解析见32题

35.【gentlemen farmers】解析参见33题。

36.【savings banks】以“动词-ing形式+副词”构成复合名词时，在动词-ing形式后加-s,如：coming-in的复数：comings-in.

37.【evening dresses】解析同32题。

38.【great- aunts】解析同32题

39.【take-offs】由动词词组变化而来的复合名词，其复数形式往往在最后一个词加-s.例如：forget-me-not.

40.【passers-by】如果复合名词是由“动词+er/or+修饰语（副词），它的复数形式通常是在“动词+ er/or”构成的名词上加复数词尾。

IV. Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners or corresponding pronouns.

41.【carrots】表示蔬菜、动物等名词是可数的。当carrot表示蔬菜时是可数的。

42.【carrot】当carrot 表示餐桌上的食品时，就转化为不可数名词。

43.【beer】beer是物质名词，不可数。

44.【beers】beer表示具体的个别的事物时，是可数的,two beers, 两杯啤酒。

45.【luxury】luxury作抽象名词时时不可数的。

46【a luxury】luxury表示具体的事物时是可数名词。

47.【light】light表示“光”的时候是不可数的。

48.【lights】light表示“灯”的时候是可数的。

49.【virtue】virtue表示“美德”的时候是不可数的。

50.【virtues】virtue表示“优点”时，是可数名词。

第二章限定词及代词

I. Multiple choices.

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section, each of which is supplied with four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.

1. He is _____ here in town, but I suppose he is _____ in his own village.

A. no one, some one

B. any one, no one

C. nobody, somebody

D. anybody, nobody

2. Yesterday morning, I went to _____ school, which stood in ____ sight of my house, to tell him about the terrible accident.

A. /, the

B. the, /

C. the, the

D. /, /

3. They paid _____ money for the machine than I expected.

A. little

B. less

C. much

D. fewer

4. He was on leave _____ days.

A. the few last

B. few another

C. few other

D. the last few

5. I suppose _____ never occurred to you to ask the police for assistance.

A. something

B. anything

C. it

D. he

6. The government has promised to do _____ lies in its power to ease thehardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area.

A. however

B. whichever

C. whatever

D. wherever

7. Mark plays _____ violin, while his brother prefers to play _____ baseball.

A. the, the

B. the, /

C. /, the

D. /, /

8. Do they have _____ air-conditioners for cooling the rooms in summer?

A. many a

B. enough

C. a great deal of

D. a bit of

9. _____ are letting us use their house while they’re away.

A. Some our friends

B. Some friends of ours

C. Our some friends

D. Our some of friends

10. The new teacher made _____ clear that she would not allow talking in class.

A. it

B. us

C. that

D. her

11. _____ London of Dickens’ time comes to _____ life in his books.

A. The, /

B. /, /

C. /, the

D. The, the

12. He has been staying at home _____ days.

A. these all last few

B. these last few all

C. all these last few

D. these last all few

13. It was more expensive than _____ we were normally able to afford.

A. the any other magazines

B. the other any magazines

C. any the other magazines

D. any of the other magazines

14. On the first Friday of the month, the group meets in the morning, but _____ it meets in the evening.

A. one every another Friday

B. on each another Friday

C. on every other Friday

D. on each other Friday

15. Your idea, _____, seems unusual to me.

A. like her

B. like hers

C. similar to her

D. similar to herself

16. He carries the parcel home himself, but he ___so, the shop could have sent it.

A. did not need to do

B. needn’t have done

C. must not have done

D. couldn’t have done

17. On account of the typhoon _____ shipment will arrive this week.

A. neither

B. all

C. both

D. these

18. He has published _____ short stories in English.

A. a great amount of

B. a number of

C. another

D. many a

19. If my mother and I were together for too long, we began to get on_____ nerves.

A. each the other’s

B. one the other’s

C. each other’s

D. one and other’s

20. My legs were aching and I knew that there was _____ I would make it up the hill.

A. neither way

B. either way

C. none the way

D. no way

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21. More corn is produced in the United States than in any country in the world.

A B C D

22. I can’t go f or one thing , I have no money, and what’s more I have too much work.

A B C D

23. The girls played their instruments. The performing for us was a nice surprise.

A B C D

24. He was offered a job in a weapons factory but he said he would have no of it.

A B C D

25. The furniture is theirs, but the house is our’s.

A B C D

26. Her husband’s absent left her completely at loss when the accident happened.

A B C D

27. When Dad spoke to the lawyer, he was extremely nervous and ill at ease.

A B C D

28. Trying to finish her thesis in time, she has been burning midnight oil over the last few

A B C D

weeks.

29. Linguistics is a scientific study of the language.

A B C D

30. The formers are hoping that there will be a great many rainfall this year than there was last

A B C D year.

31. There was a little food left, though we all got hungry.

A B C D

32. Two people had met the general before, but either recognized him.

A B C D

33. Children should be taught how to get along with another.

A B C D

34. Either house of Congress have begun their debate on granting the president authority

A B

to commit US troops to war.

C D

35.—I want to have my CD player fixed, but I can’t find a repair shop.

A B

—Oh, I know the one. Come on, I’ll take you there.

C D

III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners or corresponding pronouns.

36. There has been hardly _____（any, some）sign of agreement as yet between the management and the union in their dispute over wages and working conditions.

37. Mexico is a country in North America. _____ (It, She) has an area of 760,373 square miles with a population of 81,140,920.

38. We don’t have to buy any more eggs. There are a great _____ (much, many)left in the fridge.

39.Francine was so kind to me that I shall never forget _____(him, her).

40. On a fine summer Bank Holiday, seaside places are so crammed with people and cars that the holiday makers can hardly find space to sit down, which is why those people who hate crowds keeps away from ____(these, many) places.

41. Once upon a time there was a wolf in sheep’s clothing, hiding _____(himself, herself) among a flock of sheep.

42.A truck collided with a car. The car was totally damaged, but _____(little, few) damage was done to the truck.

43. Faced with the possibility of ____(a, / ) water shortage during the summer months, the city has asked its citizens to limit its use of water.

44. The president got down from the plane and shook hands with _____ (each, every) one waiting at the airport.

45. When we were little and would visit her, my grandmother often gave presents to my sister and _____(me, myself) .

IV. Improve the following sentences, eliminating the ambiguity caused by faulty pronoun reference.

46. The government have made up its minds that they are going to win no matter at what cost.

47. Anyone who drives its car at two hundred miles an hour is asked for trouble.

48. Our Association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish our proposals in the near future.

49. A tall man stood up and shook hands. He was Captain Whitehead.

50. If I think someone may attempt to take an overdoes, I will spend hours talking to him.

【参考答案与解析】

I. Multiple choices.

1.【C】nobody“小人物”;somebody “大人物”。

2.【B】在bed, church, college, hospital, market, office, prison, sea, school, table等名词之前，如果带定冠词或不定冠词则表示各该名词所表示的处所；若带零冠词，则表示各该处所的功能。介词短语in sight of的意思是“看得见的，可以看见”例如：We live in sight of the school.

3.【B】选择项中的C、D项为干扰项，A、B两项可以用于修饰不可数名词，B项符合句子的要求。

4.【D】限定词分为中位限定词、前位限定词和后位限定词。限定词之间存在着搭配关系，其搭配关系总是按照“前位--中位--后位”的顺序排列，后位限定词多有重叠现象。the last few 三个限定词的排列为“中--后--后”排列。

5.【C】空格处是一个什么位置？填进去的词像是形式宾语，其实它是宾语从句中的形式主语，所给的四个选项中也就是C项可以作形式主语。

6.【C】空格处要求一个既可以做宾语又可以做主语的代词，四个供选项中只有C项whatever具备了两个功能。

7.【B】演奏某一种乐器，该乐器之前要定冠词做限定词，但在球类、棋类等问题活动之前通常用零冠词。

8【B】空格处为一个定语位置，可以用排除法把四个选择项中的A、D 两项排除，余下的B、C两项，C项太夸张，B项最为合适。

9.【B】some friends of ours 是一“双重属格”，起加强语气的作用。

10.【A】代词it在句子中做形式宾语。

11.【A】在表示一个国家首都的名词前一般都用零冠词，但当这个名词受到后置的一个名词短语修饰时需要用定冠词。

12.【C】限定词分为中位限定词、前位限定词和后位限定词。限定词之间存在着搭配关系，其搭配关系总是按照“前位--中位--后位”的顺序排列。all these last few 四个限定词的排列是“前--中--后--后”，

13.【D】any of the other magazines 表达的是“其他杂志中的任何一种”。

14.【C】on every other Friday 表达的是“每隔一个星期五”。

15.【B】hers 为名词性物主代词形式，名词性物主代词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语和表语。介词like 后接介词宾语做句子的方式状语，而similar没有这种用法。

16.【B】“情态助动词need + have done”可以用来表示“没有必要做，而做了”的意义。

17.【A】表示“两者都没有、都不是”等概念时，要用否定代词neither, 而不说both not 或是all not. on account of 的意思是“因为，由于”例如：She’s angry on account of what you said.

18.【B】四个选择项中的C、D两项为干扰项，可以排除，A项可以用来修饰不可数名词，而被修饰词是stories 显然，B项为正确选项。

19.【C】to get on each other’s nerves “互相感到烦，使对方感到心烦”。

20.【D】no way “不行”，用于表达强烈的反对或拒绝，例如：There is no way I’m agreeing to that! 我绝不会答应那件事的。

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21.【C】在比较结构中，比较的两者应该是对等的，如本句中的A为the United States, B 则应该是“其他任何一个国家”any other country.

22.【C】for one thing为固定搭配词组，表示“首先，一则”，经常和for another搭配使用。

23.【C】人称代词有主格、宾格和所有格之分，此句中的空格处是一个定语位置，因此，C项为错误项，应该改为their.

24.【D】no、not、none 三词中none 为代词，在句中可以充当主语或宾语的，把B项中的错误用词no改为none 即可。

25.【D】our’s 是名词所有格形式，ours 是名词性物主代词，在句中与动词is 构成谓语。

26.【C】“不知所措”的正确表达为at a loss .

27.【B】B 项中的人称代词he指代不明确，可以认为它指代Dad,也可以认为它指代的是lawyer, 将he改为Dad即可。

28.【C】burn the midnight oil 是“熬夜”的意思。

29.【D】冠词的类指用法比较复杂，学习时必须弄明白冠词的类指意义：类指就是表示类别，也就是泛指一类人或事物。不论定冠词还是不定冠词和零冠词都具有这种功能。此句D项中的the language ，由于受定冠词the 的限定，极易认为是某一种特定的语言，应该把定冠词the 除掉。

30.【C】限定词a great many 和a great amount of 分别用于修饰可数名词和不可数名词，被这个限定词修饰的词为rainfall ，rainfall 是一个既可做可数名词“下雨”也可作不可数名词的词“降雨量”，此句利的rainfall 为不可数名词“降雨量”，所以应该把a great many 改为a great amount of.

31.【B】little 和a little 修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意义，a little 表示肯定意义。

32.【C】either意思是“两者中的任何一个”，neither意思是"两者都不"，因此，从句意看，应该是“两个都不”的意思。

33.【D】句子意思是“应该教会小孩子们如何与他人相处。”“他人”应该是复数形式“others”。

34.【A】从后面的their可知句意表示both houses “两者都”。

35.【C】用ones代指上文提到的一类事物（复数），因为repair shop 不止一间，因此用ones，而不用the one。

III. Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners or corresponding pronouns. 36. 【any】some、any 和no 都是不定代词，some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句中，no表示否定意义，如果句中已经有表示否定意义的词如：hardly, scarcely, barely等时，句中不再实用否定词no, 因此，本句应该选择any.

37.【It】先行项为国家名称时，如果仅视为地理名词时，代词或相应的限定词用中性（it，its，itself），但若视为政治实体或者说话人带有感情色彩，代词或相应的限定词用阴性。

38.【many】限定词many 和much的用法是：前者修饰可数名词，后者修饰不可数名词。本句中many修饰的是前面提到的eggs.

39.【her】英语中的人名，如Ally (f), Amy (f), Barney (m), Benny (m),

Emile (m), Frances (f), Francis (m)等，有性别区别的。学习时要注意确定其性别，随后的代词或相应的限定词就不会用错。

40.【these】这里考核的是指示照应问题。指示照应是由指示代词和指示限定词实现的照应关系。指示代词和指示限定词通常都可以比较自由地用于后照应。本句中的指示代词these place是指代的就是seaside places.

41.【himself】如果先行项为动物名称，通常用中性代词来指代。但若说话人带有感情色彩，或者把动物拟人化，可用阳性或阴性代词，如果先行词是温性的动物，则用阴性代词指代，如先行词是烈性的动物则用阳性代词指代。

42.【little】little 和few都为不定代词，前者用于修饰不可数名词，后者用于修饰可数名词。本句中被修饰词damage作“损害、损坏”解时，为不可数名词。

43.【/ 】定冠词和不定冠词都是限定词。当被修饰词是不可数名词时，要用零冠词。本句中的被修饰词是短语water shortage作

“缺水”解时，是不可数的。

44.【each】every 和each的用法区别在于every指许多人或物中的“每个”，侧重在全体，近乎all 的含义。而each则指许多人物中的“各个”，侧重在各别。

45．【me】myself为反身代词，me为宾格代词。me在本句中作宾语。

IV. Improve the following sentences, eliminating the ambiguity caused by faulty pronoun reference.

46. 【The government have made up their minds that they are going to win no matter what cost.】主语the government 在此句中看作为一个个体名词使用，因此，所出现的代词都用复数形式。

47. 【Anyone who drives his car at two hundred miles an hour is asking for trouble.】通性代词的使用要注意，his 在这里指的不仅仅是男性，也指女性驾车者。

48. 【Our Association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish its proposals in the near future.】its 作为一个代词，指代的是句子的主语our association.

49. 【A tall man stood up and shook hands. It was Captain Whitehead.】代词it 可以指代看不见或是看不清楚的人或事物。

50. 【If I think someone may attempt to take an overdoes, I will spend hours talking to them.】合成代词someone的用法如同代词some 指代的可以是复数形式。

第三章动词和动词词组

I. Multiple choices.

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section, each of which is supplied with four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.

1. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was _____ of cheating customers.

A. accused

B. charged

C. scolded

D. cursed

2. All her energies are _____ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.

A. guided

B. aimed

C. directed

D. focused

3. The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally_____.

A. pulled out

B. pulled through

C. pulled up

D. pulled over

4. We’d like to _____ a table for five for dinner this evening.

A. preserve

B. retain

C. reserve

D. sustain

5. He didn’t have time to read the report word for word: he just _____ it.

A. skimmed

B. observed

C. overlooked

D. glanced

6. The leader of the expedition_____ everyone to follow his example.

A. promoted

B. reinforced

C. sparked

D. inspired

7. I would never have _____ a court of law if I hadn’t been so desperate.

A. sought for

B. accounted for

C. turned up

D. resorted to

8. The energy _____ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.

A. transferred

B. released

C. delivered

D. conveyed

9. There was a big hole in the road which _____ the traffic.

A. set back

B. stood back

C. held up

D. kept down

10. He _____ to his customers and halved the price.

A. leaked

B. drew

C. quoted

D. yielded

11. Tyron was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to _____ storming into the boss’s office.

A. prevent

B. prohibit

C. turn

D. avoid

12. The author of the report is well______ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.

A. informed

B. acquainted

C. enlightened

D. acknowledged

13. Our hopes _____ and fell in the same instant.

A. arose

B. raised

C. rose

D. aroused

14. A season ticket_____ the holder to make as many journeys as he wished within the stated period of time.

A. entitles

B. grants

C. presents

D. promises

15. The car club couldn’t _____ to meet the demands of all its members.

A. assume

B. ensure

C. guarantee

D. confirm

16. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

17. Eating too much fat can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

A. attribute to

B. attend to

C. contribute to

D. devote to

18. This article _____ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.

A. cares for

B. applies for

C. allows for

D. calls for

19. Cancellation of the flight_____ many passengers to spend the night at the airport.

A. obliged

B. demanded C .resulted D. recommended

20. Without proper lessons, you could _____ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.

A. keep up

B. catch up

C. pick up

D. draw up

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21. I would advise you helping the students who have difficulties in studying lessons.

A B C D

22. Being tired , she couldn’t help cooking dinner for the family.

A B C D

23. We were held up by the traffic and we arrived at home at midnight last night.

A B C D

24. He warmly called me to step in and have a talk.

A B C D

25. Since he and I both work in the same company, I can hardly avoid to meet him.

A B C D

26. I couldn’t find him anywhere in the building, so I had to call his name.

A B C D

27. He has great pleasure in teaching his little sister.

A B C D

28. It is widely believed that good writing in fact depends at effective reading.

A B C D

29. That boy is always throwing stones to birds.

A B C D

30. I am sorry, I took you as your brother, you’re so much aliked.

A B C D

III. Replace the underlined part of each sentence by the proper phrasal verbs (The first word is given.)

Section A Two-word verbs:

31. Tom and Jim were going toward the library. (head)

32. I’m always failing to do the work on time. (fall)

33. Tom added, “I must give the paper to the teacher on Monday.” (hand)

34. I list the things that I need to do, and I mark them out one by one as I do them. (cross)

35. Tom told him, “I don’t know what some of the signs represent, either.” ( stand )

Section B Three-word verbs:

36. I also need to review my mathematics. (brush)

37. “I have grown too big to wear my shirts,” Jim said. (grow)

38. Your long answer just means a refusal. (add)

39.When I was a student, I attempted to become a member of the football team. (try)

40.After three weeks in hospital, I don’t feel well enough to decorate the house any more. Let’s get a decorator to do it. (feel)

IV. Complete each sentence with a phrasal verb opposite in meaning to that

underlined.

41. When they had finished playing, the children were made to all the toys they

had taken out.

42. It’s getting rather late. Perhaps we should go back rather than .

43. If you want to help with the cooking, you’d better your jacket and put on

this apron.

44. Prices always seem to be .It’s about time they started coming down.

45. It’s nearly midnight. You can stay up if you like, but I’m .

46. The firm took on a lot of extra staff before Christmas, but them in January

when business was slack.

47. He looks up to people with money and everyone else.

48. The phone has gone dead. I told the man to hold on while I fetched you, but he must

have .

49. It is an offer that you won’t get again, so I should jump at it if I were you. Don’t be quick

to it .

50. If we slow down they will get closer to us. Can’t you much more?

【参考答案与解析】

I. Multiple choices.

1.【A】accuse of ,动词词组，控告，指控，指责。例如：He accused his boss of having broken his words. 他指责老板不守信。She accuse him of stealing her watch.她控告他偷她的表。Charge也有控告指责的意思，但是要和with 连用。例如He was charged with stealing. 他被控犯有盗窃行为。

2.【D】focus on/upon, 致力于，集中于。例如：He focused his mind on his lessons.他把心思集中在功课上。guide：指导，引导；aim:目标；direct:指引。

3.【B】pull through,指成功地突破困苦，成功地克服麻烦或疾病。例如：The doctor is sure he will pull through. pull out: 离开，脱离。例如：The train pulls out at noon.此外，pull out 还有退缩的意思。例如：After the crash, many Wall Street investors pulled out. pull up : “停下”，pull over “使车辆暂停路边”。

4.【C】reserve, “预定，订购”。Reserve a table,订餐位。例如：They have reserved rooms at the hotel. preserve:保护；retain:保持，保留；sustain: 支撑，维持。

5.【A】skim: 略读，浏览。例如：It is important for you to skim through the text. observe:观察；overlooking: 瞭望，俯视；glance: 一瞥。

6.【D】inspire: 鼓励，激励。例如：His speech inspired the crowd. promote: 增进，促进；reinforced: 加强；spar: 火花，火星。

7.【D】resort to: 采用，诉诸。例如：Nowadays people often resort to internet for information. seek for: 寻求；account for: 说明占据；turn up: 找到，发现。

8【B】release: 释放，放开。此句意思为：连锁反应释放的能量转换成热量。transfer:迁移，传送，delivery: 传递。

9.【C】hold up：拦住，阻碍。例如:We had planned to finish the work before dark, but the heavy rain held us up. set back：推迟，耽搁；stand back：后退；keep down：卧下，镇

压。

10.【D】yield：屈服，放弃。例如：We shall never yield. leak：泄露；draw: 拉，托；quote:引用。

11.【D】avoid: 避免,后接动名词。例如：He avoided answering my question. prevent: 预防，阻止；prohibit: 禁止，阻止。

12.【B】acquaint : 使熟悉，使了解，常和with搭配使用。例如：The book acquaints the students with the ancient cultures of Europe. inform:使熟悉，使了解常和of搭配使用;enlighten: 启发，开导，enlighten somebody on something; acknowledge: 承认，供认。

13.【C】rise: 上升，上涨。hope rose: 希望增加；hope fell: 希望破灭。arise: 出现，呈现，产生，发生。常和from/out of一起连用，表示，“由…引起”。rise 和arise 都没有被动语态。raise:举起，太高，提高，可用于被动语态。例如：The boss promised to raise her salary. arouse:唤醒，引起。例如：We must arouse them to fight against enemies.

14.【A】entitle: 使有资格，使有权。例如：He entitled us to enter his office at any time. grant:答应给予，准许，例如:He refused to grant them long-term credits.他拒绝给他们长期信贷。present:赠与; 交给We presented him a basketball on his birthday.他生日那天我们送给他一个篮球。promise:允诺; 答应. I want you to promise me.我想让你对我做出承诺。

15.【C】guarantee: 保证; 担保, 例如:We can't guarantee our workers' regular employment.我们不能保证我们的工人定期受雇。assume:承担, 担任, 例如：I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it.我错了，我愿为此承担责任.ensure: 确保, 担保,例如: I will ensure that the car arrives by six o'clock.我保证汽车六点钟以前到。confirm: 证实, 证明; 确认We have confirmed the report.我们证实了那则报道。

16.【B】generate: 引起, 导致,例如：This book will continue to generate excitement for a long time. 这本书将在很长一段时间里继续使人们为之激动。assemble: 集合, 收集,例如：Over 10,000 people were assembled at the airport to honor the President's visit.

有一万多人聚集在机场欢迎总统来访。gathering:收集;召集. He is gathering materials for a new book. 他正在收集资料准备写一本新书。yield，生产, 出产, 带来。This land yields well.这块土地产量高。

17.【C】contribute to: 促成，例如：Smoking is a major factor contribute to cancer.吸烟是致癌的一个重要因素。attribute … to: 把某事归因于某人〔某事〕. I attribute our success to him.我把我们的成功归功于他。attend to: 注意; 照顾; 致力于，例如：You must attend to your studies.你必须注意你的学习。devote to: 致力于，例如：He has always devoted himself to his music.他一直致力于音乐。

18.【D】call for: 需要，例如：More work doesn't necessarily call for more men. allow for:考虑到, 体谅，例如：You'd better allow for the members voting against you.你该谅解那些投你反对票的人们。care for: 喜欢; 宠爱，例如：I don't much care for that sort of man.我不太喜欢那种人。apply for: 申请，例如：I made up my mind to apply for a scholarship.我决定申请奖学金。

19.【A】oblige, 迫使做; 使负义务, 例如：We'd be happy to oblige.我们乐于效劳。Poverty obliged her to live a hard life.贫困迫使她过艰苦的生活。demands:需要; result:导致, 结果是; recommend:推荐, 介绍.

20.【C】pick up bad habits: 染上坏习惯。pick up: 学会，获得。例如：She soon picked up French when she went to live in France.她到法国居住后很快就学会了法语。keep up:维持；catch up:追上，赶上；draw u:草拟。

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21.【B】advise的常用结构为：advise doing sth; advise sb to do sth.

22.【C】can not help doing sth. 禁不住做某事；cannot help to do sth.不能帮助做某事。

23.【C】arrive at/in后面跟表示地点的名词；arrive home, home 是副词，前面无须加介词。

24.【A】ask sb. to do sth.让某人做某事；call on sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事；call 意为“叫喊”，不能误解为“要，让”。

25.【D】avo id doing something “避免”，avoid后不接不定式。

26.【D】call sb.’s name ,“谩骂某人”；call sb. by the name,“唤某人的名字”。

27.【A】have the pleasure of doing something “有……的荣幸”；take pleasure in doing something “以……为乐”。此处，have应该改为take。

28.【C】depend on/upon “依靠，依赖”。

29.【D】throw to “把……扔给”，表示传递，没有恶意；throw at “用……砸”，表示攻击，有敌意。

30.【B】take……as “把……当作”，没有弄错的意思；take …… for “把……当作”，含有“把……误认为是……”的意思。

III. Replace the underlined part of each sentence by the proper phrasal verbs (The first word is given.).

31.【heading for】go towards：朝……走去；heading for：朝…进发，动身。

32.【failing behind】工作没有按期完成。falling behind with something，逾期作某事。

33.【give to】交给；hand in递交。

34.【mark out】划出，选出；cross off取消。

35.【represent】代表；stand for：代表，象征。

36.【review】复习；brush up on：复习。

37.【have grown out of】grow out of：渐渐穿不上, 长得太大以至…

38.【adds up to】mean, 表示……的意思。adds up to：等于; 意味着, 看来实际是……; 总起来说。It all adds up to a complete failure.事情总起来说是彻底失败了。

39.【tried out for】选拔。如：These teams are going to try out for the Olympic Games.这些队伍要参加奥林匹克运动会的选拔赛。

40.【feel up to decorating】feel up to doing something: 感到自己有能力〔适于〕(做某事).

I don't feel up to going out tonight.今晚我没精神出去。

IV Fill in the blanks with appropriate determiners or corresponding pronouns.

41. put away/back. 收起来, 放好

42.go on/carry on 继续

43.take off 脱下

44.going up 上涨

45.turning in 上床睡觉

https://www.360docs.net/doc/bb4091179.html,id them off 解雇

47.looks down on 看不起

48.hung up /rung off 挂断

49.turn down 拒绝

50. speed up 加速

第四章动词的时和体（一）

I. Multiple choices.

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section, each of which is supplied with four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.

1. He usually ___ coffee, but today he ____ tea.

A. drinks / is drinking

B. is drinking / drinks

C. is drinking / is drinking

D. drinks / drinks

2. ___ you ____ the wind. It _____ very strongly tonight.

A. Are you hearing / is blowing

B. Are you hearing / blows

C. Do you hear / blowing

D. Do you hear / is blowing

3. While people may prefer television for knowing about the news, it is unlikely that television ____ the newspaper completely.

A. replaced

B. have replaced

C. replace

D. will replaced

4．Research ____ all over the world into the possible cause of cancer in the past years.

A. was made

B. had been made

C. has been making

D. has been made

5．When you _____, I know for certain that you will feel much better.

A. are waking up

B. have been waking up

C. wake up

D. have woke

6．Hardly had Tom ____when the movie began.

A. seated

B. been sat

C. sited

D. been seated

7．“ The ground is wet.” “Yes, didn’t you know? _____for the last 20 minutes.”

A. It’s raining

B. It was raining

C. It’s been raining

D. It’s has rained

8. Johnson ___ a novel about ancient China last year, but I don’t know whether he has finished it.

A. has wrote

B. wrote

C. had written

D. was writing

9．The air will be further polluted unless some measures_____.

A. will be taken

B. are taken

C. were taken

D. had been taken

10．When David arrived, he learned Jack ____ for almost two hours.

A. had gone

B. had set off

C. had left

D. had been away

11. You should have put the yogurt into the fridge, I expect it ____ undrinkable by now.

A. became

B. had become

C. has become

D. becomes

12．Even if she herself _____ tomorrow, it ____ too late to do anything.

A. will come… is

B. should come… were

C. comes… will be

D. comes… would be

13．Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.

A. have been used

B. will be used

C. is being used

D. has been used

14．We are late. I expect the film ___ by the time we get to the cinema.

A. will have started

B. has started

C. will start

D. may start

15．A bell ring again! It was the third time someone ___ me that evening.

A. has interrupted

B. had interrupted

C. to have interrupted

D. would have interrupted

16．—Can I help you, sir?

—Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _____.

A. didn’t work

B. won’t work

C. can’t work

D. doesn’t work

17．I don’t know when she _____, but when she ______ I’ll discuss with her.

A. will come… comes

B. comes… comes

C. comes… will comes

D. will come… will come

18．To understand the situation completely requires more thought than ___ thus far.

A. has given

B. was given

C. being given

D. has been given

19．“100 Yuan for this cloth! I _____ it would cost so much, ” said the woman in surprise.

A. know

B. hadn’t known

C. don’t know

D. didn’t know

20．Jessica ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ____ too long.

A. has been reading

B. had read

C. is reading

D. read

II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.

21. For in 1895, the year of the Curie marriage, Roentgen discovered the famous rays that are

A B C D named after him.

22. The changes that taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed

A B impossible to even the most Brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19 century.

C D

23. I regret having left the work unfinished, I should plan every thing ahead carefully.

A B C D

24. No bank kept enough cash to pay all its depositors in full at one time.

A B C D

25. Almost every new innovation goes through three phases. When initially introducing into

A B

the market, the process of adoption is slow. The second phase is the explosive one, where

C

the innovation was rapidly adopted by a large number of people.

D

26. I have been studying here for three years, by the next summer I will graduate.

A B C D

27. What do you think we shall do if it will rain on the day fixed for the sports meeting?

A B C D

28. It is reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory will be

A B C rising by about 10%.

D

29. The meat is not ready yet and it already has to be cooked for another five minutes.

A B C D

30. She had worked on this essay for 20 minutes but she has written only about a hundred

A B C D words.

31. Human beings are using the natural resources so rapidly over the years that some of them

A B C

are almost gone.

D

32. Knowledge begins to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be

A B C communicated to another by means of speech.

D

33. Like is often pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon which could be used equally

A B C

for good or evil. It is now being used indifferently for both.

D

34. The law also provided begun in 1971 federal employees would be granted three-days

A B

weekends by observing Washington’s Birthday on the third Monday in February, Memorial C

Day on the last Monday in May, Columbus Day on the second Monday in October and Veteran Day on the forth Monday on October. By 1971, most of the states also adopted the

D

new dates.

35. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who diet without exercise regained

A B

almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine

C

maintained their new weight.

D

III．Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word or phrase.

36. As soon as he saw ____ happened, he switched off the electricity.

37.When I started working for this company, I ____ an architect for six years.

38.She’d ____ studying marine biology but she finally decided on geography.

39.The minute the train ____ standstill, get on and try to find a seat.

40.I spoke to Sylvia last night: she sounds ____ had a hard time recently.

41.I was really happy when they announced ____ decided to get married.

42.It wasn’t until he me ntioned the conference that I ____ met before.

43.By next Christmas we ____ decorating the house.

44.After he had lost his glasses, he ____ but to buy another pair.

45.Our builder told me he ____ best to get the materials as soon as he could.

IV. Fill in each of the gaps in this passage with one suitable word.

I've often _____ (46) that Stefan's success as a teacher is due to his eccentricity as much as his knowledge of the subject. From the first time he ever _____ (47) into a classroom, students have always loved him. They've probably _____ (48) met anybody who displays such an extraordinary mixture of enthusiasm and great personal warmth. It _____(49) also probably the first time they've _____ (50) somebody who always wears a leather jacket and a scarf even at the height of summer.

【参考答案与解析】

I. Multiple choices.

1.【A】usually表明我们经常做的事，所以用一般现在时。today 表明说话的时候正在做的事，用进行时。

2.【D】"hear"通常用在一般现在时中。说话时正在发生的动作用进行时is blowing。

3.【D】本句的意思是：“虽然人们可能喜欢靠电视获得最新消息，但电视完全取代报纸是不可能的。”此句是对将来情况的预测，故用一般将来时，而不能用过去时、现在完成体和一般现在时，故A、B、C均应排除。

4.【D】被动语态。从时间状语in the past years 判断，该句应该用现在完成体；research 做主语，其谓语应用被动式。

5.【C】时态。在时间从句中可用一般现在时表示将来。

6.【D】sit为瞬间性动词，不用于完成体，be seated 表示“就坐，坐下”，此处用其过去完成体形式，故选D。

7.【C】时间状语for the last 20 minutes, 表示的是过去的一段时间里完成的动作持续到现在并有可能继续下去，动词应用现在完成进行体。故选C。

8. 【B】句中有last year只能用过去时。