人教版高中英语选修8重点词词性转换
选修八
Unit1
1.racial adj.人种的；种族的→ race n. 赛跑；竞争n. 人种；种族
2.pole n. 地极；电极；磁极→ polar adj. 两极的
3.socialist n.社会主义者；社会党人adj. 社会主义者的→ socialism n. 社会主义→ social adj.社会的→ society n. 社会
4.hire vt.&n.租用；雇用→ hirer n.租借者；雇主
5.thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的→ thankfully adv. 感谢地
6.slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n．[C] 滑动；滑倒→过去式: slipped →过去分词: slipped →现在分词: slipping → slipper n. 拖鞋
7.majority n．[U]大多数；大半→major adj.主要的vi.主修n．[C]专业→(minority n．[U]少数
8.elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．[C，U]选举
9.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．[C，U]差别；区分；卓著
10.applicant n．[C]申请人→apply vi.申请→application n．[C]申请书；[U]申请
11.apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently ad v.显然地；显而易见地
12.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．[C]迹象→indicator n．[C]指示器；指示信号
13.grasp vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会→过去式: grasped →过去分词: grasped →现在分词: grasping
14.customs n．海关；关税；进口税→ custom n.习惯；风俗；惯例→ customer n.顾客
15.occur vi.发生；出现→occurred/occurred/occurring(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)
16.conductor n. （公车）售票员；列车员；指挥→ conduct v.引导；指挥；管理
17.reform vt.& vi.改革；革新n．[C，U] 改革；改造；改良→ reformer n.改革家
18.punishment n.处罚；惩罚→punish vt.惩罚
Unit2
1.retire vi.退休；离开→retired adj.退休的
2.resist vt.抵抗；对抗→resistance n．[U]抵抗；对抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的
3.decoration n.装饰→ decorate v.装饰；布置
4.vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的→ vainly adv.徒劳地
5.forbid vt.禁止；不准→forbade/forbidden(过去式/过去分词)→forbidden adj.被禁止的
6.object vi.反对；不赞成→objection n．[U，C]不赞成；反对；异议
7.strike vi.& vt.&n.打；撞击；罢工→struck (过去式)→struck/stricken (过去分词) →striking adj.迷人的
8.differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的；与众不同的→difference n．[U，C]差异；不同
9.undertake vt.着手；从事；承担→undertook (过去式)→undertaken (过去分词)
10.accumulate vt.& vi.积累；聚积→accumulation n．[U]积累；增加
11.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→(unreasonable adj.不合情理的
12.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……→过去式: owed →过去分词: owed →现在分词: owing
13.obtain vt.获得；赢得→ obtainable adj.能获得的；可得到的
14. fairly adv. 公平地；相当地→ fair adj. 公平的→ fairness n.公平；公正→unfair adj.不公平的
15.attain vt.获得；到达→ attainable adj.可达到的；可获得的
16.resist vt.抵抗；对抗→ resistance n.抵抗；抵触→ resistant adj.抵抗的；反抗的
17. identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的→ identically adv. 同一地；相等地
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e9028101.html,mercial adj.商业的；贸易的→ commerce n. 贸易；商业
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e9028101.html,plicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的→ complicate v. 使复杂化
20.carrier n.携带者；搬运工；运输工具→ carry v. 携带；运送；搬运
21.correction n.改正；纠正；修正→ correct adj.正确的；得体的v. 改正；纠正→ correctly adv.正确地；恰当地
22.medium n. 媒介；手段；工具→ media n. 传播媒介；(medium的复数)媒体
23.conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的→ conservation n.保存；保护→ conservatively adv.保守地；谨慎地
24.shortly adv.立刻；不久→ short adj.短的；矮的；短期的→ shortage n.不足；缺少
25.assumption n. 假定；设想→ assume vt.假定；设想
26.regulation n. 规则；规章；法规→ regulate vt.调整；校准；管理
27.popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行→ popular adj. 受欢迎的；通俗的；流行的→ popularly adv. 大众地；通俗地
28.initial adj. 最初的；开始的→ initially adv.最初
Unit3
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e9028101.html,petence n．能力；胜任；本领→ competent n.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的
2.merry adj. 愉快的；高兴的→ merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地
3.associate vt.联想；联系n．[C]同伴；伙伴→association n．[C]联系；联想；协会；[U]交往
4.distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别→distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的
5.passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的→( positive adj.积极的
6.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→( merciless adj.残忍的；无情的→mercy n．[U]宽恕；仁慈
7.convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→( inconvenient adj.不便利的；不方便的
8.practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的→( impractical adj.不明智的；不现实的
9.caution n．[U]小心；谨慎→ cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→cautiously ad v.小心地；谨慎地
10.abrupt adj.突然的；意外的→abruptly ad v.突然地
11.expectation n．[C，U]预料；期待；期望→expect v.预料；期待；期望
12.freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→freeze v.冰冻→froze/frozen/freezing(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)
→frozen adj.冻结的
13.bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担→bore/borne(过去式/过去分词)
14.seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺→(同义词)grasp vt.抓住；掌握
15.innocent adj.清白的；天真的→ innocently adv. 无罪地；纯洁地
16.recognition n. 认出；认可；承认→ recognize vt.承认；认出
17. claim n. & vt.要求；声称；主张→ 过去式: claimed →过去分词: claimed →现在分词: claiming
18.valid adj.有效的；确凿的→ validly adv.正当地；妥当地
19.invaluable adj. 无价的；极宝贵的→valuable adj.贵重的；宝贵的→ value n. 价值；价格；重要性；(pl)价值观；数值v. 估价；重视；
20.current n. （水或气）流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的→ currently adv. 现在；通常；当前
21.stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的→ stably adv. 稳定地；可靠地
22.extension n. 电话分机；扩大；延伸→ extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的→ extend v. 延伸；延长；伸
展
23.tap vt. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n. 轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头→ 过去式: tapped →过去分词: tapped →现在分词: tapping
Unit4
1.amazement n.惊讶；惊愕→ amaze vt. 使吃惊；使惊异→ amazed adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的→ amazing adj. 令人惊异的→ amazingly adv. 惊奇地；惊人地
2.authentic adj. 真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的→ authentically adv. 确实地
3.disapprove vt. & vi.不赞成；反对；认为不好→ approve v.批准；赞成；同意→ approval n. 同意；批准→ approving adj. 满意的
4.fortune n．[U]机会；运气；[C]大笔的钱→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately ad v.幸运地→(unfortunate adj. 不幸的
5.hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇→hesitation n．[U，C]犹豫；踌躇
6.remark n．[C]谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起→remarkable adj.卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的
7.disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgust vt.使厌恶；使反感→disgusted adj.厌恶的
8.mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的→mistake n．& v.错误；误会
9.rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺→robbery n．[U]抢劫(行为)→robber n．[C]强盗；盗贼
10.adaptation n．[U]适应(性)；[C]改编本→adapt v.改编；(使)适应
11.classify vt.把……分类；把……归类→classification n．[U，C]分类；归类
12.properly ad v.适当地；恰当地→proper adj.适当的→(improperly ad v.不适当地
13.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的→(comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的→ uncomfortably adv. 不舒服的；不自在地
14.extraordinary adj. 不同寻常的；非凡的→ extraordinarily adv.非常(格外) →extra adj.额外的→ ordinary adj. 平凡的；普通的
15.brilliant adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的→ brilliantly adv.辉煌地；光亮地
16.fade vi. & vt. （使）褪色；减弱；逐渐消失→过去式: faded →过去分词: faded →现在分词: fading
17.superior adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的n.上级；长官→ super adj.超级的；极好的
18.horrible adj. 可怕的；恐怖的→ horribly adv. 可怕地；恐怖地→ horrify v. 使恐惧
19.musical adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的n.音乐喜剧→ musician n. 音乐家
20.believer n.信徒；教徒→ believe v. 相信；认为→ belief n. 信念；信仰→believable adj. 可相信的
Unit5
1.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→ interruption n.打岔；中断
2.systematic adj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的→ system n.系统；体系
3.alternative n．[C]选择adj.供选择的；其他的→alternatively ad v.供选择地
4.arrest vt.逮捕；(熟词生义)吸引；抑制；阻止n. [C，U]逮捕；拘留
5.assume vt.假定；设想；(熟词生义)承担→assuming conj.假设→assumption n．[C]设想；假定
6.significance n．[C，U]意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant adj.重要的
7.sharpen vi.& vt. (使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→sharp adj.锋利的；尖锐的→sharply ad v.急剧地；严厉地
8.messy adj.凌乱的；脏的→mess n．[C]凌乱；脏(常用单数)
9.ripen vt.& vi. (使)成熟→ripe adj.成熟的
10.starvation n．[U]挨饿；饿死→starve vi.挨饿；饿死
11.division n．[U]分割；划分；分配；[C]分界线→divide v.分割；划分；分配
12.accuracy n．[U]精确；准确→accurate adj.准确的；精确的→accurately ad v.准确地；精确地
13.accelerate vi.& vt.加速；促进→ accelerative adj. 加速的；促进的
14.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→ applause n. 鼓掌；喝彩
15.identify vt. 确认；识别；鉴别→ identification n. 确认；鉴定；识别
16.primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的→ primitively adv.最初地
17.spit vt. 吐出（唾液、食物等）vi. 吐痰→ 过去式: spat/spit →过去分词: spat/spit →现在分词: spitting
18.academy n.学院；学会；学术团体；院校→ academic adj.学院的；学术的
19.receptionist n. 接待员；招待员→ reception n. 接待；反应；接待处
20.gay adj. 快乐的；欢快的→ gaily adv.快乐地；轻松地
21.skillful adj. 有技巧的；熟练的→ skill n. 技能；技艺
高考英语词性转换
A 1. able ability（n.）inability （n.）disability（n.）unable （adj.）disabled（adj.） 2. absent absence（adj.） 3. absolute absolutely（adv.） absoluteness（n.） 4. absorb absorbed（adj.） 5. accept acceptable（adj.） acceptance（n.） 6. access accessible（adj.） 7. accident accidental（adj.） accidentally（adv.） 8. accomplish accomplishment（n.） 9. achieve achievable（adj.） achievement（n.） 10. act action（n.） 11. active activity（n.）activate（v.） 12. actual actually（adv.） 13. advertise advertisement（n.） 1. addict addicted（adj.）addiction（n.） 2. addition additional（adj.） 3. adjust adjustment（n.） 4. admire admirable（adj.）admiration（n.） 5. admit admission（n.） 6.advance advanced（adj.） 7.advantage advantageous（adj.） 8.advise advice（n.） 9.affect(影响) effect（n.）affective（adj） 10.age aged（adj.） 11.agree agreeable（adj.）agreement（n.） 12.agriculture agricultural（adj.） 13. allow allowable（adj.）allowance（n.） 14.amaze amazing / amazed（adj.） amazement（n.） 1.ambition ambitious（adj.） 2.amuse amusing / amused（adj.） amusement（n.） 3.analyze analysis（n.）analytic（adj.） 4.ancient anciently（adv.） 5.angry anger（n.） 6.announce announcement（n.） 7.annoy annoying（adj.） annoyance（n.） 8.annual annually（adv.） 9.anxious anxiety（n.）anxiously（adj.） 10.apologize apologetic（adj.）apology（n.） 11.appear appearance（n.）
人教版高中英语选修八单元质量评估(一) (3).docx
高中英语学习材料 ***鼎尚图文理制作*** 单元质量评估(一) 一、单项选择（共10小题；共10分） 1. Travelling has really helped to broaden our , which makes us wiser. A. differences B. horizons C. shortcomings D. hardships 2. I didn't mean to tell you his name; it was a of my tongue at that time. A. fault B. coincidence C. dilemma D. slip 3. Thousands of young college students have the job, because it provides a high salary, a long paid vacation every year and many other attractive benefits. A. applied for B. turned down C. thrown away D. complained of 4. --- How did you make such rapid progress in your English? Do you have any secrets? --- No. Only hard working. A. in terms of B. in honor of C. by means of D. on behalf of 5. I'd like Jim Jack, to go to the farewell party on behalf of our class. A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. or rather 6. --- Why are you so late, Tom? --- I was on half the way when it to me that I had left my notebook at home, so I had to fetch it. A. occurred B. hit C. happened D. reminded 7. --- Miss Brown is very busy, isn't she? --- Yes, she is. She has greater responsibilities so far. A. taken off B. taken out C. taken in D. taken on 8. the courses(跑道) for the sports meeting gave us much pleasure as well as knowledge. A. Looking out B. Marking out C. Taking out D. Breaking out 9. The maths examination was rather difficult; to our joy, the students passed it. A. a great many B. a great many of C. a great deal of D. plenty of 10. Such differences that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. A. suppose B. control C. indicate D. improve 二、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）
高中英语常用词形变化规则精编
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人教版高中英语选修十单词表
人教版高中英语选修十单词表 unit1 1. venture['vent??]n.（有风险的）商业、企业 2. web[web]n．（蜘蛛等的）网查看详细 3. Scottish['sk?ti?]adj.苏格兰的；苏格兰人的； 4. suffering['s?f?ri?]n．苦楚；受难 5. gall-bladder[ɡ?:l'bl?d?]n. 胆囊 6. strengthen['stre?θn]vt.加强；巩固 7. endurance[in'dju?r?ns]n.忍耐；持久；耐（性）
8. hut[h?t]n.小屋；棚屋 9. stove[st?uv]n.炉子 10. unbearable[,?n'bε?r?bl]n.无法忍受的；承受不住的 11. cosy['k?uzi]adj.舒适的；安逸的 12. block out[bl?k aut]封闭 13. breathless['breθlis]adj.喘不过气来的 14. rotten['r?tn]adj.腐烂的；变质的 15. blacken['bl?k?n]vt.使变黑 16. circumstance['s?:k?mst?ns]n.环境；详情；境况
17. blast[bl?st]n.一阵（风）；一股（气流） 18. hoarse[h?:s]adj.嘶哑的 19. bless[bles]vt.祝福；保佑 20. selfish['selfi?]adj.自私的 21. hook[h?k]n.钩；吊钩vt.钩住；入迷 22. aboard[??b?:d]adv.＆perp.在船（飞机） 23. seasickness['si:siknis]n. 晕船 24. anyhow['enihau]adv.无论如何 25. steward[stju?d]n.（轮船、飞机等）乘务员；膳
高中英语 选修八1-2单元测试题(附答案)
Test for Module 8 Unit 1-2 I. 词汇检测（共10小题, 每空1分, 满分10分） 1)单词拼写(5分) 1. He was late for school, so he s____________ into the classroom by the back door in order not to be noticed by his teacher. 2. Don't b____________ me with your silly questions. I have a lot of work to do now. 3. Thoughts are expressed by m____________ of words. We should learn to express ourselves. 4. If I could o____________ $9000 scholarships annually, I would be able to complete my studies. 5. Thanks to the good policy, economy is b____________, which has created job opportunities. 2）请用所给词的适当形式填空(5分) 6. She could not resist ________________ (laugh) at him in those clothes. 7. I really object to __________________ (treat) like this. It is unfair to me. 8. If you go on working like this, you're bound _________________ (break) down sooner or later. 9. Builders sometimes have to wait up to 2 years from submitting an _________________ (apply) until permission is granted. 10. I __________________ (forbid) from going out with my friends last night. II. 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分） Yesterday was a very rainy day. My back garden was miserable. The sunflowers tried to keep __11__ by covering their faces with their petals(花瓣). The poor fir tree was so cold that his needles(针叶) were __12__. Our willow tree made matters worse __13__ crying so hard that little “rivers” flowed down his leaves onto the other plants __14__. They were all annoyed. The willow tree said he was sorry and __15__ that he was always unhappy when it rained. “That's silly, ” his neighbor, the apple tree, told him. “__16__ is good for willow trees!” “Be brave, ” said the giant cherry tree. “The rain won't __17__ forever. ” Then the cherry tree shook her branches, sending __18__ flying through the air and into the fishpond. The fish swam __19__ to the water surface. They had been studying fish dancing. “Do you know how hard it is to __20__ our lesson with the rain dropping on our roof?” asked the biggest fish.“You just made it twice as annoying and __21__ in here. I have such a headache!” The cherry tree __22__ for being so thoughtless. She promised to shake her branches in a different __23__ next time. There was so much water in the gutter(排水沟) that a river __24__. Two green-and-gold ducks came and went for a __25__ in the river. As it was only wide enough for one duck, they began __26__ with each other about who should be the leader.
(完整)高中英语词性转换常见词汇
词性转换总结与归纳 动词变名词 announce—announcement通知 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材(不可名) settle—settlement定居，安定 achieve---achievement 成就 amuse--amusement 娱乐 manage---management 经营管理 advertise--- advertisement广告 agree— agreement同意disgree—disagreement不同意 argue---argument争吵commit—commitment奉献 develop---development发展 govern 统治—government 政府 describe—description描写，描绘erupt—eruption爆发 affect—affection影响 satisfy—satisfaction满意，满足select—selection挑选，选择
permit—permission允许admit—admission承认，允许invite—invitation 邀请，请帖devote—devotion献身，专注apply—application申请，申请书produce—production生产，产品protect—protection保护 educate-----education教育consider—consideration考虑attract—attraction 吸引力，吸引instruct—instruction 指导，介绍discuss—discussion 讨论appreciate—appreciation感激，欣赏recognize—recognition认出conclude—conclusion 结论 decide----decision 决定compete—competition比赛 express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式graduate 毕业—graduation operate—operation操作，动手术organize----organization 组织imagine—imagination 想象力
人教版《英语选修10》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)
人教版《英语选修10》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)单元词汇、音标、词义。Unit 1 venture/'vent??/n.(有风险的)商业、企业vi.vt.冒险；敢于去web/web/n.(蜘蛛)网 Scottish adj.苏格兰(人)的；苏格兰英语的 suffering/'s?f?ri?/n.苦楚；受难 gall-bladder n.胆囊 strengthen/'stre?θ?n/vt.加强；巩固 Perce Blackborow珀斯.布莱克鲍罗 Sir Ernest Shackleton欧内斯特.沙克尔顿爵士 endurance/in'dju?r?ns/n.忍耐；持久；耐(性) hut/h?t/n.小屋；棚屋 stove/st?uv/n.炉子 unbearable/?n'b??r?bl/adj.无法忍受的；承受不住的 cosy/'kouzi/adj.舒适的，安逸的 block out封闭 breathless/'breθlis/adj.喘不过气来的 rotten/'r?tn/adj.腐烂的；变质的 blacken/'bl?k?n/vt.使变黑 circumstance/'s?:k?mst?ns/n.环境；详情；境况 blast/blɑ:st/n.一阵(风)；一股(气流) hoarse/h?:s/adj.嘶哑的 bless/bles/vt.祝福；保佑 selfish/'selfi?/adj.自私的 Tom Orde-Lees汤姆.奥德.利兹 hook/huk/n.钩；吊钩vt.钩住；迷上 aboard/?'b?:d/adv.在船(飞机、车等)上；上船(飞机、车等) seasickness n.晕船 anyhow/'enihau/adv.无论如何 steward/stju?d/n.乘务员；膳务员 crush/kr??/vt.碾碎；粉碎；(使)变形 mourn/m?:n/vi.哀悼；忧伤 urgent/'?:d??nt/adj.急迫的；紧急的 bedding/'bedi?/n.被褥；草垫 Hussey赫西 banjo/'b?nd??u/n.班卓琴；五弦琴 vital/'vaitl/adj.生死攸关的；重要的
人教版高中英语选修7重点词词性转换
选修七 Unit1 1.profit n．收益；利润；盈利→ profitable adj. 有益的；有利可图的 https://www.360docs.net/doc/2e9028101.html,panion n．同伴；伙伴→ company n. 公司；商号；陪伴；同伴 3.adapt vt.使适应；改编→adaptation n．[U，C]适应；改编；改编的作品 4.absence n．[C，U]缺席；[U]缺乏→absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的→(present adj.出席的；在场的 5.access n．[U](接近的)方法；通路；可接近性(熟词生义) vt.进入；使用→accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 6.annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed adj.颇为生气的→annoying adj.使人烦恼的→annoyance n．[U]恼火 7.congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺→congratulation n．[C]祝贺；贺词 8.beneficial adj.有益的；受益的→benefit n．& v.利益；好处；使受益 9.approval n．[U，C]赞成；认可→approve v.支持；赞成；同意→(disapprove v.不赞成→approving adj.赞许的 10.encouragement n．[U，C]鼓励；奖励→encourage v.鼓励；鼓舞→encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 →encouraged adj.受到鼓舞的→courage n．[U]勇气；胆量 11.disability n．[U，C]伤残；无力；无能→disable vt.使残废；使失去能力→disabled adj.伤残的 12.ambition n．[U，C]雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的 13.noisy adj.吵闹的；喧闹的→noisily ad v.吵闹地→noise n．[U，C]噪音 14.resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去 15.conduct n．[U]行为；品行vt.指挥；管理；主持→ conductive adj. 传导性的；有传导力的→ conduction n.传导；输送 16.entry n.项目；进入；入口→ entrance n. 入口；进入；登场→ enter v.进入 17.abolish vt.废除；废止→ abolition n.废除；废止 18.resign vi. & vt.辞职；辞去（工作；职位等）→ resignation n.辞职；辞呈 19.slavery n.奴隶制→slave n.奴隶 20.assistance n.协助；援助→ assist vt. 帮助；协助→ assistant n.助手，助理 21.architect n. 建筑师→ architecture n. 建筑学 22.adequate adj.足够的；充分的→ adequately adv.足够地；充分地→ adequacy n. 足够；适当 23.handy adj.方便的；有用的→hand n.手；协助；手艺v. 给；传 24.basement n.地下室→base n. 底部；基地；基础；基数；vt. 以... 作基础
人教版高中英语选修8各单元课文原文
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-Reading CALIFORNIA California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California. NATIVE AMERCANS Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, t he native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases b rought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state. THE SPANISH In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. RUSSIANS In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco. GOLD MINERS In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
高中英语 词性转换常见类型汇总
1. v+ ment 结尾 achieve — achievement 成就 advertise — advertisement / advertising agree — agreement apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue — argument 争吵 commit 奉献— commitment compliment 称赞,恭维 develop — development disagree — disagreement experiment 实验,试验 equip 装备— equipment 装备,器材govern 统治— government 政府 manage — management 经营,管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit 承认— admission attract吸引— attraction 有吸引力的事或人conclude — conclusion 结论 compete — competition 竞争,比赛 discuss — discussion 讨论 educate — education decide — decision describe — description 描写,描绘 express 表达— expression 词语;表达方式graduate 毕业— graduation operate 操作,动手术— operation organize — organization imagine — imagination 想象力 introduce — introduction 介绍 instruct — instruction 指导,介绍 invent — inventor / invention invite — invitation inspire — inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的pollute — pollution 污染 predict — prediction 预言 pronounce — pronunciation impress 给人印象— impression 印象permit 允许— permission suggest —建议,暗示— suggestion solve 解决— solution 解决方法 3．V + ance/ence 结尾 allow — allowance 允许 appear — appearance 外貌,出现 perform — performance 演出 exist — existence 存在 4．V+ ing 结尾 bathe 洗澡— bathing end 结束— ending 结尾,结局 train 训练— training mean — meaning 意义 say — saying 谚语5．V + 其他 beg (乞讨) — beggar 乞丐 sit — seat 座位 employ—employer老板—employee雇员 believe — belief 信仰 behave行为,举止—behavior know— knowledge知识 fly — flight 飞行 heat 加热— heat 热量 hit 撞击— hit 轰动一时的人或物,碰撞 mix 混合— mixture 混合物 press 按,压— pressure 压力 receive — receptionist 接待员 serve — service 服务 succeed — success tour 在—旅游,在—作巡回演出 直接+地点tour China — tour 旅游/ tourist 游客 pursue — pursuit 追求,从事 propose — proposal 建议 withdraw — withdrawal 取钱;收回;撤退 survive — survival — survivor 幸存者 arrive — arrival 到达 analyze — 1. 名词+y anger 生气— angry honest — honesty 诚实的 hunger — hungry fog — foggy 有雾的 fur — furry 毛皮的 guilt 罪恶— guilty 内疚的 health — healthy luck — lucky cloud — cloudy wind — windy rain — rainy snow — snowy sun — sunny tourist — touristy 游客多的 business — busy salt 盐— salty 咸的 shine — shiny 发亮的 silk 丝绸— silky 丝绸般的 sleep — sleepy 昏昏欲睡的 taste 口味,品味— tasty美味可口的 2. 名词+ ed v+ed balance — balanced 平衡的 spot 斑点,地点— spotted 有斑点的 talent — talented 有天赋的 organized 有组织的 disgusted 厌恶的 offended 生气的 crowded 拥挤的 polluted 被污染的 pleased 高兴的moved 感动的
外研版高中英语词性转换
必修1 module 1 academic adj,学术的，纯理论的 ____________adv，学术上，理论上 enjoy vt.喜欢，乐于 ____________adj，愉快的，快乐的 ____________n,享受,乐趣 reason n,理由，原因v,推理 ____________adj，有道理的 enthusiastic adj,热情的，热心的 ____________n,热心，热情，热忱 similar adj，相似的，类似的 ____________adv，同样，也 ____________n，相似处，相似点 instruct vt,指示，命令 ____________n,用法说明，pl,n指示，吩咐____________adj，有教育意义的 manner n，方式，方法 ____________n，礼貌 improve vt/vi,改进，改善 ____________n，改进，改善 amazing adj，令人吃惊的 ____________adj，感到惊奇的 ____________n，惊奇，诧异 introduce vt，介绍，引见 ____________n，介绍 embarrassed adj尴尬的，难看的， ____________vt，是窘迫，是为难 ____________adj，令人为难的，令人尴尬的____________n，困窘，窘促不安 bored adj，厌烦的，厌倦的 ____________adj，令人生厌的 ____________n,无聊，厌倦 impress vt,给予...深刻印象 ____________adj,给人深刻印象的 ____________n,印象，影响 different adj,不同的 ____________n,差别 ____________vi,不同，有区别 continue vt/vi,继续 ____________adj,连续的 understand v,理解 ____________n,理解____________v,误解 encourage v,鼓励 ____________n,鼓励 ____________adj,鼓舞人心的 ____________v,使人灰心丧气disappoint vt,使失望 ____________adj,失望的 ____________adj,令人失望的 ____________n,失望 choose vt,挑选，选择 ____________n,选择 special adj,特别的，专门的 ____________adv,专门地 memory n,记忆力，记住 ____________v,记忆，记住 必修一module2 energy n,精力，活力，能源 ____________adj，精力充沛的 patient adj,忍耐的，容忍的 ____________n,病人 ____________n,耐心，毅力 ____________adj,没有耐心的 intelligent adj,聪明的，有才智的 ____________n,才智，智力 popular adj,广为流传的，受欢迎的____________n,流行，声望 organize v,组织，组成 ____________adj,有组织的 ____________n,组织，机构，团体respect vt,尊敬 n,尊敬 ____________adj,尊敬别人的 ____________adj,值得尊敬的 summary n,总结，摘要 ____________v,概括，总结 consider vt,认为，考虑 ____________n,考虑，体贴 ____________adj,相当多的 ____________adj,考录周全的 ____________prep,考虑到，就...而言imagine vt,想象，料想 ____________n,想象 practice n,实施，练习 v,练习
人教版高中英语必修10课文逐句翻译(高二)
人教版选修10课文译文 一次成功的失败经历 如果起初不成功，就要一次又一次地尝试。——W·C·菲尔兹 1914 年 8 月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“持久号”轮船南极探险。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最负盛名的探险家，加入他的探险活动被认为是一种巨大的荣耀。现在请看读帕斯所讲故事的第一部分。 1916 年 8 月 29 日慢慢地，我把头探出睡袋，向四周看了看。一切都是灰色的：小屋里面看上去是灰色的，晨曦看上去是灰色的，燃油炉上噗噗作响的罐子也是灰色的。同往常一样，气味中混合着汗液、海豹油脂和脏内衣的味道，几乎让人难以忍受。我尝试着想一些快乐的事情：温暖和干爽的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的脸庞，以及返家后得到的庆贺，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆的一次失败探险活动的成员之一，这种事以前还没有人做过。正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭住了。 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。也许好些年后，我们的尸体会被其他探险队所辨认并搜集起来。 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来时，我们营棚的门开了，一股冷空气穿过营棚。“把门关上!”我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。“坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆。”一个声音在应答。“我们又逮住了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了!”保佑弗兰克一吓尔德，他可是我们的头儿欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最好的人啦。我怎么能像汤姆·奥德·利兹那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!我挣扎着下床，新的一天开始了。 当初宣布探险活动时，我才 20 岁，老梦想着要去冒险。所以在 1914 年 7 月的一个早晨，我是怀着无比激动的心情读以下这则广告的： 为危险之旅招募人手：工资低廉、寒冷无比、数月不见天日、无法确保安全返回。如果成功，荣耀和报酬将会接踵而至。欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士。 同伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士去南极探险——我被深深地迷住了!我是探险的门外汉，但我年轻，身体健康而且精力充沛。我偷偷地上了“持久号”轮船，藏在一个小橱里。直到轮船已开始航行了，我才被人发现，而且晕船晕得很厉害。不管怎么说，沙克尔顿似乎对我傻乎乎的行为感兴趣，并且接受了这种局面。他让我当一名伙计，协助做 28 个人一天三顿的饭菜。 1915 年 1 月 18 日，正当我们接近南极时，“持久号”被海上的浮冰(有的坚固无比，有的破裂成若干巨大的冰块浮在水上)卡住了。周围的冰都冻结了，我们千真万确地被困住了!轮船在我们的眼前慢慢地被挤坏。我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、卧具和衣服。为了显示自己的决心，沙克尔顿把一些金币和他的金表扔到冰上。然而，让我感到惊讶的是，他竟鼓励赫西带上班卓琴。他把班卓琴描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。1916 年 4 月 9 日，我们搬到了大象岛上现在的宿营地。不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩：取消级别和社会地位上的差异，每个人都得忙起来；公平分配食物和卧具；关心每一个人。这种团队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气，并挽救了我们的生命。 我们在大象岛上一安顿好，沙克尔顿就马上向大家解释了他的营救计划：22 人留在这里，他挑选其他五个人去南乔治亚求援。由于谁也不知道我们身处何地，所以不能指望任何外部救援。我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。