2018年江苏省镇江市中考英语试卷-答案

2018年江苏省镇江市中考英语试卷-答案
2018年江苏省镇江市中考英语试卷-答案

2018年江苏省镇江市初中学业水平考试

英语答案解析

一、单项选择

1.【答案】C

【解析】考查冠词用法。句意:霍金,最著名的科学家之一,在3月份去世了。用定冠词the构成多音节形容词famous的最高级形式。故选C。

2.【答案】A

【解析】考查介词辨析。句意:我的同班同学丹尼尔在今天的英语课上装扮成电子狗霍波。dress up as...意为“装扮成……”,as后跟表示角色的名词。故选A。

3.【答案】A

【解析】考查there be句型。句意:在街道拐角处有一家咖啡店。那儿的咖啡尝起来不错。there be句型表示“某处有某物”,have/has的主语是表示人或组织的名词。主语a coffee shop提示be动词用单数形式。故选A。

4.【答案】B

【解析】考查连词辨析。句意:直到我在电视上看到了这个外卖员我才相信他能记住这么多古诗。前文的not提示构成句型not...until...,表示“直到……才……”。故选B。

5.【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意:——我错过了昨晚的《经典咏流传》节目。——你不必在意。你可以稍后在网上观看。答语第二句提示用情态动词needn’t,表示“不必”。故选D。

6.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:一些志愿者计划就学校放学时间做一个调查。find out意为“搞清楚;弄明白”;sell out意为“卖光”;take out意为“拿出;取出”。carry out表示“执行;完成”和a survey构成动宾短语,表示“做一项调查”。故选D。

7.【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和延续性动词与非延续性动词;句意:尽管李先生离开他的家乡10多年了,但他时不时地想念他的老朋友们。for引导的表示一段时间的时间状语提示和表示状态的be away from连用,主句谓语动词misses用一般现在时提示让步状语从句中用现在完成时态。故选B。

8.【答案】A

【解析】考查感叹句引导词。句意:——我听说在上海将会有一个小猪佩奇主题公园。——多令人惊喜啊!形容词big修饰名词surprise,中心词是名词,用what引导感叹句,a big surprise表示“大吃一惊”。故选A。

9.【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:一下学期我们学校餐厅将要使用人工智能机器人。——我期待它。主语“人工智能机器人”和谓语动词use存在被动关系,时间状语nextterm(下学期)提示用一般将来时,故谓语用一般将来时态的被动语态形式。故选B。

10.【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:——袁隆平对我们国家的贡献是了不起的。——我同意。他和他的团队甚至开始种植海水稻。celebration 意为“庆祝”,conversation意为“对话”,collection意为“收集”,contribution意为“贡献”,符合句意。故选C。

11.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——你的前额怎么了?——我在遛狗时把头撞到树上了。主句用了过去时态,提示while引导的时间状语从句中用过去进行时态,表示在过去,一个动作发生过程中发生了某事。故选B。

12.【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:——入乡随俗。在国外旅行时,我们应当举止得体。——很对。用副词properly,意为“适当地;恰当地”,修饰动词behave,符合句意。故选D。

13.【答案】B

【解析】考查构词知识。句意:下面哪个单词构词像“homework”?homework是由两个名词构成的合成词,B项raincoat的构词方式与其一样。故选B。

14.【答案】C

【解析】查情景交际。句意:——我可以通过微信付款吗?——当然可以。请扫描墙上的二维码。A项意为“我想要”,B项意为“恐怕不能”,D项意为“不要紧”。根据答语第二句可知用Of course you can,意为“你当然可以”,来应答上文may引导的表示征求许可的一般疑问句。故选C。

15.【答案】C

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——我们的毕业聚会将是在6月28日。——棒极了!你能告诉我谁将会演出吗?could引导的一般疑问句表示委婉语气,根据第一句中用一般将来时态,可知A项时态不对,B项在宾语从句中不应该用疑问句语序,D项是that引导的陈述句作宾语从句,与主句语义不搭配。故选C。

二、完形填空

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。想起朋友,我们往往想到的是那些一直在我们的生命中陪伴我们的人。然而还有一些朋友只是在我们的生命中一闪而过。但我们和他们的过往却时常出现在我们的脑海里,这种友谊让我们温暖,我们也默默地祝他们安好。作者在文中回忆了与自己短暂相处过的两个朋友。

16.【答案】C

【解析】短语in fact用作插入语,意为“事实上”,起强调作用,此处强调与上文相反的情况,符的朋友合

“事实上,还有另一种类型”。故选C。

17.【答案】D

【解析】上文“虽然时间不长”和but提示用动词fill(填充;充满),和mind构成动宾短语,符合“在某个时刻出现在我们的脑海里”。故选D。

18.【答案】C

【解析】上文名词bed提示在next to后用名词性物主代词mine,表示my bed,符合“她就睡在我旁边的床上”。故选C。

19.【答案】A

【解析】下文的“从床上跳下来”提示用形容词active(活泼的),构成比较级more active和braver并列。故选A。

20.【答案】D

【解析】impressed me表示“给我留下了印象”,符合句意“她踩在冰凉的地板上的两只小脚给我留下了印象。”故选D。

21.【答案】D

【解析】上文“我被送到幼儿园”和下文“我父母非常忙”存在因果关系,用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。

22.【答案】B

【解析】短文是作者在回忆与自己短暂相处过的朋友,所以此处指的是“我们的友谊开始于所谓的竞争”,用friendship,表示“友谊”。故选B。

23.【答案】B

【解析】空格后的was made和下文的by短语,提示用communication(交流),符合“我们的交流是通过在绘画、玩游戏甚至吃饭方面试图击败对方来达成的”。故选B。

24.【答案】A

【解析】肯定句中用something,符合句意“我认为,我们的比赛给了我某些可控的东西。”故选A。

25.【答案】B

【解析】用副词naturally表示“自然地”,符合“温暖自然地在我们心里升起”,和下文silently(默默地)呼应。故选B。

三、阅读理解

A

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。短文就如何提高自己、如何成为更优秀的人提出了三点建议,并特别强调第一点善待自己尤为重要。

26.【答案】A

【解析】代词指代题。承接上文“我去了很多学校”,It always made me scared后省略了to go to a lot of schools。故选A。

27.【答案】A

【解析】主旨大意题。第3点建议主要是在说要乐于助人。故选A。

28.【答案】C

【解析】句意理解题。该句意为“你不能从空杯子里倒出水来(爱人先爱己)”,C项意为“要对世界奉献更多的爱,就要先善待自己。”两者意思相近,故选C。

B

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。过去的十年里,越来越多的外国人到中国来工作。短文叙述了两名外国青年在中国创业实现自己理想的故事。

29.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据短文所提供的Nikk的信息,可知他18岁来到中国,被网上一段VR视频所吸引,接下来是找到一个在线社区,然后成立了公司。故选B。

30.【答案】B

【解析】词义猜测题。短文在叙述了在中国实现梦想的Nikk后,开始介绍Artem Zhdanov,由画线短语所在句中的also,以及下文介绍,可以猜出画线短语与实现梦想和抱负有关。故选B。

31.【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。短文末句意为“只要他们有想法和决心,他们就能容易地在这里开创事业。”推知上句应为D项“中国已经给外国人提供了良好的创业环境。”A项的Hangzhou和上文中Guangzhou意义不搭配;B项中的travel around和下文中build a business不对应;C项中的among Chinese与短文的主旨意义不符。故选D。

C

【文章大意】短文选自英国作家麦克·莫波格的小说《蝴蝶狮》。叙述者讲述了自己与丈夫和狮子一起生活的故事,并描述了狮子去世后丈夫的悲痛心情。

32.【答案】C

【解析】句意理解题。承接上文“我”不让它进到卧室里来和丈夫多次请求妻子让狮子进来,可知画线句子表达的是不允许狮子进入他们的卧室。故选C。

33.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段第一、二句可知C项关于狮子的叙述正确其丈夫。故选C。

34.【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。通过短文的叙述可知,叙述者对于狮子不能自食其力,占据其生活空间,对风筝的破坏等颇有微词,而其丈夫Bertie对狮子感情更深,尤其对狮子死后丈夫心情和举动的描写可以判断Bertie 比他的妻子更加喜爱狮子。故选D。

35.【答案】D

【解析】主旨大意题。节选的短文是叙述者夫妇和狮子最后一段时光的描写。故选D。

四、词汇运用

A)

36.【答案】worries

37.【答案】earliest

38.【答案】pronunciation

39.【答案】unknown

40.【答案】museums

B)

41.【答案】posted/mailed

42.【答案】leaves

43.【答案】ourselves

44.【答案】wisely

45.【答案】sharing

五、短文填空

【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。短文说明了阅读电子书和阅读纸质书对大脑影响的异同。

46.【答案】happening

【解析】主语what提示用happen,表示“发生的事情”,助动词is提示用现在分词形式。

47.【答案】However

【解析】下文的still“仍然”提示用副词however“然而”,表示句意转折。

48.【答案】better

【解析】前文的prefer..to...提示两者比较,用副词well的比较级better,修饰动词work。

49.【答案】different

【解析】文叙述说明专家们提出了一些不同的观点。用different,表示“不同的”,修饰名词ideas。

50.【答案】include

【解析】上文的“下列因素”和下文的分类说明,提示用动词include,表示“包括;包含”。

51.【答案】purpose

【解析】承接上文的“类型和内容”,根据下文也可知,此处意为“阅读的目的”。

52.【答案】funny/fun

【解析】前文entertainment(娱乐)提示用fun或funny修饰stories,表示“有趣的故事”。

53.【答案】knowledge

【解析】下文的“about science”提示用动词gain和knowledge构成动宾短语,表示“获取知识”。

54.【答案】hand/handwriting

【解析】上文“记笔记”及下文"typing notes"提示用by hand,表示“亲手”,或by handwriting,表示“手写”。

55.【答案】easy

【解析】承接上文手写笔记花费时间长,提示下文用easy(容易的),符合句意“所以对你来说读纸质书记住要点是容易的。”

六、任务型阅读

A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。人们往往制定了锻炼计划后很难坚持,短文就如何养成锻炼习惯提出了5点建议。

56.【答案】weather

【解析】根据第1点建议,可知做俯卧撑不需要考虑天气情况。

57.【答案】changing

【解析】根据第2点建议中“change clothes”可知用change,在介词after后要用其动名词形式。

58.【答案】deep

【解析】根据第3点建议中“breathe deeply”可知用take a deep breath,表示“深呼吸”。

59.【答案】progress/improvements

【解析】空格后“减了一些体重、锻炼时间更长”等提示用progress,表示“进步”,或improvements,表示“改进”。

60.【答案】increase/add

【解析】用动词increase或add,表示“增加”,与the number of steps构成动宾短语,意为“增加步数”。

B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。食物浪费是一个全球问题。短文讲述了法国在禁止食物浪费方面所做的努力,包括采取一些常规措施和制定一些法律法规等。

61.【答案】quarter/fourth

【解析】第一段中的25 percent,提示用quarter或fourth,表示“四分之一”。

62.【答案】government’s

【解析】第二段首句提示是法国政府。故用government的名词所有格形式修饰名词action。

63.【答案】fined/punished

【解析】第二段中“face a fine”(面临罚款)提示用动词过去分词fined构成一般将来时态的被动语态,表示“被罚款”,或用punished,表示“被惩罚”。

64.【答案】meaningful/important

【解析】倒数第二段中“means a lot”提示用形容词meaningful(有意义的)或important(重要的)作表语。

65.【答案】matters

【解析】末段中的everyone’s duty(每个人的责任)提示用动词matters,表示“关系重大;要紧”。

七、书面表达

【答案】

One possible version:

Dear Sir/Madam,

I have read the information about the two families. And I have decided to live in the Green family. The old couple have no children but two dogs, so they will have more time to communicate with me in English and I can play with their pets as well. Their flat is in the centre of London, so it’s easy for me to go around. I can also use the Wi-fi to keep in touch with my parents. My family can afford the cost of 350 pounds.

I also have good ideas for the study tour. I love history, so I wonder if we can visit the British Museum during the stay. I’m curious about the British food as well, so if you can take us to have a taste, that will be very wonderful.

I’m really looking forward to this tour!

Many thanks,

Li Hua 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。要求就游学活动提供的两个家庭的相关信息写一封回复邮件。仔细审读提供的信息,作出选择后要说明选择的理由,并提出游学活动建议。注意:1.邮件内容要谈到自己和第三方的相关情况,人称采用第一人称和第三人称。2.陈述客观事实或提出建议,句子多采用一般现在时态;说明自己的决定时可以采用现在完成时态;预测将来的情况时可以采用一般将来时态。3.结合邮件内容,组织because 和so等连词说明因果关系;商讨双方的情况时可以采用if引导的条件状语从句等。

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