初中英语情态动词讲解-练习及答案
情态动词
一、考点、热点回忆
【词汇辨析】
1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:
sometimes:有“时〞=at times. He is sometimes late for school.
some times: 几次“〞I have been to Nanjing some times.
sometime:某“一时刻〞I bought it sometime last spring.
We’ ll meet again sometime next week.
some time:一“段时间〞We have to stay here for some time.
2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many 修饰可数名词，much 修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：
许多书许多牛奶
(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 "有一点儿 " ，侧重于肯定，相当于"some" ，但 a few 修饰可数名词，
a little 修饰不可数名词，例如：
He has a few friends in London.
---Would you like some coffee?
---Yes, just a little.
(3)few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 " ，侧重否认。 few 后接可数名词，little 后接不可数名词。例如：
He is a strange man. He has few words.
Hurry up, there is little time left.
【固定搭配】加-ing
be busy doing sth. 忙于做⋯⋯eg: Mother is busy cooking.
look forward to + doing sth.期待做⋯⋯ eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.
Thank you for (doing) sth.为了⋯ 感谢你eg: Thank you for your help.
have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.
=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water.
have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难
eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.
【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点：
⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形
表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或疑心等。
⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s
〔以 be 和 have 开头的情态动词短语除外〕。
⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性〞。
例： can 既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。
【情态动词的根本用法】
1.can 的根本用法：
⑴表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会〞，可与be able to转换。
例： He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.
— Can you play basketball?
— No, I can ’t.
如果表示将来具备的能力，要用will be able to。
例： If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.
⑵表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。
例：—Can we go home now, please?
— No, you can ’t.
You can only smoke in this room.
You can ’t keep the library books for more than a month.
⑶表示“可能〞，与 may 同义，但一般用在疑问句中。
例： What can he possibly want?
在否认句中，否认形式can’t 表示推测“不大可能〞。
例： Anybody can make mistakes.
The news can ’t be true.
could 使语与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用气婉转。
例： Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？
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— What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢？
— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我们可以请露茜帮助试试看。
You can / could help me with the cooking. 你可以帮我做饭。
2.may 的根本用法 :
⑴表示“许可〞，用 can 比拟口语化。
例： You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来，你就来。
You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不许摘花。
〔 may not 表示按规定不许可，如果用mustn’t那么表示说话人不许可。〕
— May I smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？
— No, you mustn’t不.行。〔 mustn ’t表示明确的制止。〕
⑵ 肯定句中表示推测，“可能〞。
例： It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。
The news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的。
注意：如果在疑问句中表示“可能〞，通常用can。
例： Can it be true?那会是真的吗？
Who can he be?他终究是谁呢？
⑶【注意】：— May I/we⋯⋯？
—Yes, you may./— No, you mustn’t.
3. must 的根本用法 :
⑴ 表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。
例： I must go now, or I’ll be late.
You must be here by ten o’ clock.
【注意】：表示“必须“时，must的否认式为needn’t，或 don’thave to ,而不是 mustn’t。
也就是：—Must I/we do it now？
—Yes, you must .
—No , you needn’t/don’t have to .
例：—Must I go with them?
— No, you.
⑵表示推测，一般只用于肯定陈述句 ,表示非常肯定。
例： She didn ’t look at me. Shemust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了。
He is good at English. He must know the word.他英语好，准知道这个词。
You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧。
4. have to 的根本用法：
have to 可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而have to
却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化。
例： I / You / We / They have to⋯.
He / She / It has to ⋯.
You don ’have t to ⋯.
Does she have to ⋯?
have to =have got to，意思是“必须，不得不〞。
和 must 不同之处： must 强调主观需要
have to 强调客观需要。
例： Sorry, I have to leave now.对不起，现在我得走了。
I’ve got to go to a meeting.我得去参加一个会议。
Will he have to work deep into the night?他将不得不工作到深夜吗？
5.need 的根本用法：
need 的根本词义是“需要〞，它既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
⑴need 用作情态动词时，只用于否认句和疑问句。它只有一种形式，后接动词原形。
例： I don ’t believe youneed worry. 我相信你没有必要焦急。
— Need we go so soon?我们需要这么早就去吗？
— Yes, we must. / No, we needn’t.是的，必须。／不，不必。
So I needn ’t tell him, need I?所以我不需要告诉他，对吧？
请比拟以下两句话的不同意思：
You needn ’ t buythe coat.你没有必要买那件外衣。〔你还没买〕
You needn ’ t have boughtthe coat.你没有必要买这件外衣的。〔而你却买了〕
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【注意】：— Need I/we⋯⋯？
— Yes，you must ./— No , you needn’t/don’t have to .
⑵need 用作实义动词时，有时态、人称和数的变化。
如果人作主语，一般后接带to 的动词不定式。即need to do sth；
如果物作主语，一般后用need to be done 或 need doing sth。
例如： I need to look up this word in the dictionary.
My watch needs mending/to be mended.我的手表需要修理了。
We don ’ t needto work today. (= We needn ’t work today.)
Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)
6. had better 的根本用法：
had bette r常略作’ d better。现代语法认为它是一个助动词，因为它后接不带to 的动词不定式。
had better do sth 意思是“最好做某事；还是做某事比拟好〞。
例： You ’d betterget some sleep.你最好睡一会儿。
You ’ d better notdo that again.你最好别再做那件事。
What had we better do now?我们现在怎么做才好呢？
Hadn’t we better tell her the truth?我们是否最好不告诉她真相?
【注意】： You’d better ⋯.表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用。
7. could, should, would, might 表示推测：
① . must 多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推测,意思为“一定、肯定〞。
如 : You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。
The book must be his. His name is on the cover.这本书一定是他的,封面上写着他的名字。
【注意】must 不表推测时,在肯定句中意思为“必须(强调内在的职责) 〞,在否认句中意思为“不许、制止〞,以它开头的
疑问句否认答复常用needn’t或 don’t (doesn ’t) have。to
如:We must obey the traffic rules. 我们必须遵守交通规那么。
Cars mustn’ t be parked here此处.严禁停车。
—Must we hand in the papers this week?我们必须本星期交论文吗?
— No, you needn ’不t,.你们不必 (本星期交 )。
② . can / could 多用于否认句、疑问句或感慨句中表示推测、疑心,两者在时间上没有差异。用can 时不相信的程度更强
一些 , can’t常常译为“不可能〞。
如 :The man under the tree can’Tomtbe. He’s gone to England这.个人不可能是Tom, 他已经去英国了。
Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy?他被一个五岁的孩子愚弄了,这能是真的吗?
Could this be an excuse? 这会不会是个借口?
How can you be so careless! 你怎么这样粗心!
③ .may / might 多用来表示把握性不大的推测,意思为“也许、可能〞, might比 may 的把握性更小一些。
may not 在否认句中常常译为“可能不〞。(注意区分“不可能〞与“可能不〞在把握性大小上的差异。)如:Mr. Wang may know Professor Li ’s telephoneumbern.王先生也许知道李教授的。
This might be the key Tom has been looking for. 这可能就是汤姆一直在找的钥匙。
She may not be there today. 今天她可能不在那儿。
二、典型例题【中考】
（〕 1．— Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
— No, it ______ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.
A. mustn’t
B. may no
C. can ’ t
D. needn ’t
（〕 2．— Must I go with them tomorrow ？
— No， you ______.
A. mustn't
B. shouldn't
C. needn't
D. can't
（〕 3．— ______ I take some photos in the hall?
— No, you ______.
A. Can, needn’t
B. M ust, mustn’ t
C. Could, won’ t
D. May, mustn’t
（〕 4．— Dad, must I finish my homework today?
— No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow.
A. needn’ t
B. mustn’ t
C. don ’ t
D. won ’t
（〕 5．— The lake is said to be dry. Is that true?
— It _______.Look, some kids are swimming in it.
A. must be true
B. can’ t be true
C. may not be true
（〕 6．— What is your mother going to do this Saturday?
— I ’ m not sureShe. _____ go to see my grandmother.
A. can
B. must
C. may
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〔〕 7．— Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.
— It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.
A. must
B. might
C. can ’ t
D. shouldn’ t
〔〕 8．— Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?
—No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.
A. needn’t
B. may not
C. mustn’t
D. can ’t
〔〕 9．—Let ’s go to the West Hill Park by taxi.
—Oh, it is not far away from here. We _______take a taxi.
A. couldn’ t
B. mustn’ t
C. needn ’ t
D. can ’t
〔〕 10．— Can you play the piano?
—Yes, I _______. I often practice it on weekends.
A. needn’ t
B. need
C. can ’ t
D. can
三、课后练习
一、用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的适当形式填空：
1.You ________________ return the library book on time.
2.I ______________ (not) find the way to the hospital. _______________ you show me the way?
3.— ________________ I finish the work right now?
— No, you ________________ (not). You ____________ do it later.
4.He said he ________________ (not) come tonight.
5.Her mother was ill. She ________________ stay at home and look after her.
6.It ’ s time for class. You ________________ stop playing football or you __________be late for class.
7.We ________________ start right now, or they would get there first.
8.The cloud is lifting, so it ________________ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.
二、选择填空
〔〕 1.—Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?
— Yes, you ________.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. need
〔〕 2. —Must I be in hospital for a week ， Doctor?
— No， you. You can go back home tomorrow.
A. mustn ’t
B. needn ’t
C. must
〔〕 3. The desk is not dirty. You _______clean it.
A. mustn ’t
B. shouldn ’t
C. needn ’ t C. can ’t
〔〕 4. —May I watch TV for a while ？
— No, you _______. You have to finish your homework first.
A. shouldn’ t
B. needn’ t
C. mustn’ t
D. won ’t
〔〕 5.— Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?
— No, it ________be her. She________ to Japan.
A. mustn ’ t; has gone
B. mustn ’ t ;has been
C. can ’ t ;has gone
D. can ’ t ;has been
〔〕 6. It’s the library! So you________ know shouting is not allowed here.
A. can
B. must
C. need
D. may
〔〕 7. Boys and girls, don’t forget your report . It ______ today.
A. can’ t ishfin
B. can’ t be finished
C. should finish
D. should be finished
〔〕 8.—Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning.
— No, he ______ ,because he didn’ t know my address.
A. couldn ’t
B. can ’t
C. mustn ’t
D. may not
〔〕 9. —Must I mop up the window now?
— No, you________.
A. needn ’t
B. can ’t
C. shouldn ’t
D. mustn ’t
〔〕 10. — Is Lucy knocking at the door?
— No. It ________ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.
A. needn’ t
B. must
C. can ’t
〔〕 11. — Another cup of coffee?
— No, thanks. I _____ be off. Mary is waiting for me.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. might
〔〕 12. —I ’m a little tired. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.
— Wetake a taxi. It’ s not far from here.
A. can’ t
B. mustn’ t
C. couldn’ t
D. needn ’t
〔〕 13. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s very dangerous.
A. don ’ t
B. mustn’ t
C. needn ’ t
D. wouldn’t
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〔〕 14. — Must I finish watering the flowers now?
—No, you________.
A. must
B. won’ t
C. needn ’ t
D. can ’t
〔〕 15. —I can ’t give up smoking, doctor.
— For your health, I’ m afraid you ________.
A. may
B. can
C. have to
D. must
〔〕 16. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. would
〔〕 17. — Our class won the English speaking contest.
—Congratulations! You _______ be very proud of it.
A. can
B. need
C. would
D. must
〔〕 18. — Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?
— I ’ m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He know.
A. can
B. may
C. need
D. shall
〔〕 19. — ____________I borrow these magazines?
— Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.
A. Must
B. Would
C. May
D. Need
〔〕 20. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s dangerous.
A. don ’ t
B. needn’ t
C. mustn’ t
D. wouldn’t
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情态动词
典型例题
例 1 答案C分析：表示否认的猜想用can’t。 must 表示推测时，意为“一定〞，只能用于肯定句，而must
的否认 must not〔 mustn't 〕表示“不应该〞、“不许可〞、“不准〞、“制止〞等。
例 2 答案 C 分析：在答复带有must 的问句时，否认式常用need not (= needn't) ，表示“不必〞，而不用 must not，
因为 must not 表示“不可以〞。
例 3 答案D分析：此题第一句是请求对方的允许，需要用May ，其否认式为mustn’t。
例 4 答案 A。对于以情态动词 must 提问的疑问句，否认答复要用“No, 主语 +needn’t，〞故由问句中的 must 和答句中
的 No 可选 A 。
例5答案 B
例6答案 C
例 7答案 A 考察情态动词 must 表示肯定的推测。结合关键信息“I never even dream about it.可知题〞意为“它肯
定是非常贵的〞，故排除 B、 C、D 三项。
例 8选 D。此题考察 can’t表示否认的推测。四个选项都是情态动词的否认形式，分别意为“不能；不可能〞、“千
万不能〞、“应该〞、“可以；可能〞。结合关键信息“He has gone toJapan.〞可知“他不可能是约翰教授〞应选D。例9 选 C
例 10 选 D。以 can 引导的一般疑问句再作肯定答复时还是用can。
课后练习
一、 1. must 2. can ’t, Could3. Must, needn ’t, may4. couldn ’t5. had to
二、 1A 2B 3C4 选 C。对于情态动词 may 的一般疑问句的肯定答复为： you mustn ’5C6Bt. 7D8A 9A 6.must, may 7. had better 8. can ’t Yes，you may / can . 否认答复为：No,
10选 C。考察情态动词can ’t表示推测的用法。 can ’t表示否认的推测； must 表示肯定的推测。由题
意“不可能
是露西，她现在在日本〞可知应选 C。
11选 C。考察情态动词must 的用法。结合关键信息“ Mary is waiting for me. 可知题意〞为“我必须离开了〞，故排除 A 、B、D 三项，选 C。
12选 D。四个选项都是情态动词的否认式，结合关键信息“ It ’ s not far from here可知. “我们不〞必乘出租车〞，故排除 A、B、C 三项，选 D。
13选 B。考察情态动词mustn ’t的用法。 mustn ’t意为“一定不能〞，由“很危险〞可知用 mustn ’t，应选B。
14选 C。考察对 must 开头的一般疑问句的答复。以 must 开头的一般疑问句，作否认答复时用情态动词needn ’t，故正确答案为 C。
15选 C。考察情态动词have to 的用法。 may 意为“可能、或许〞， can 意为“能、会〞， have to 意为“必须、不得不〞，表客观要求，而must 表主观愿望。根据题意“为了安康，你必须戒烟〞可选 C。
16选 B17选D
18选 B。考察情态动词 may表示推测。结合前句“ I ’ m not sure. Ask our monitor, please可.知题意为“他〞可能知道〔我们将在哪里开班会〕〞，应选 B。 may表示可能性的推测，常用在肯定句中。
19选 C
20选C
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初中英语语法基础——情态动词基本用法归纳讲解和同步练习 (有答案)
初中英语语法——情态动词基本用法归纳讲解（附同步练习） 情态动词常见的有：can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形一起构成谓语。 情态动词基本用法归纳： 一、can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） Mary can speak three languages.（知识） Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。 I'll not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示请求和允许。 ——Can I go now? ——Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。 ——Could I come to see you tomorrow? ——Yes, you can. ( No, I'm afraid not. ) 3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。 They've changed the time table, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this be true? This can't be done by him. How can this be true? 二、may, might 1) 表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can't 或mustn't，表示“不可以，禁止”。 ——Might/ May I smoke in this room? ——No, you mustn't. ——May/Might I take this book out of the room? ——Yes, you can. (No, you can't / mustn't. )
初中英语语法情态动词讲解与练习有答案
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初中情态动词讲解及练习题 情态动词表示语气和态度。有实际词义，但是没有单复数等词形变化。后面通常加动词原形中考主要考查can，must，may，need四个情态动词。 除此之外，表示必要性的情态动词还有should，应该，这个语气比must弱，还有 易考点： 一．比较have to和must： 1) 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既 主观上的必要。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事） 2) 在否定结构中：don't have to 表示"不必" mustn't表示"禁止"， You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。 二．肯定句中，表示推测，语气最强的是must，但在否定句和疑问句中，表示怀疑，猜测，要用can’t. （mustn’t禁止，不允许，不能用来表推测；can’t 不可能） There is someone knocking the door. It must be Tom. It can’t be Tom in the classroom. Because he is ill and he doesn’t come to school today. 三．情态动词的回答 1. 以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用：can和can’t。（Could也是） 2. 以may开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别用：Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t. May/might表推测时，语气最弱。表建议请求时，语气最委婉。 May 也可以表示祝愿。 ---May I go now? ----Yes. You may. / No, you mustn’t. We may go to Shanghai, but we are not sure. May you success! 3. --- Must I finish the project today? --- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 四．其他 Shall 用于第一人称，表示征求意见，询问。Shall we have lunch here? Should表示义务责任。We should obey traffic rules.
(必考题)初中英语常用语法知识——情态动词习题(答案解析)
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中学英语 情态动词练习(含答案)
情态动词讲解及练习一、can和could
特别说明： （1）could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： ——Could I use your dictionary? ——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.) (2)can和be able to辨析 can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如：I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English. Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own? 但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如： After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again. The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building. (3) 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不（过分）”。如：You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。 惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如： I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。 二、may和might
100例全面解析初中英语情态动词专项练习与答案
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中考英语情态动词专题训练及答案解析
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