高级英语复习笔记及讲解2
高级英语复习笔记及讲解2
Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People
1.Jim Binns……wrote me about some of his misgivings.
misgiving：worry，concern（常用复数）（对未来之事）疑虑不安，怀疑。如：I like your scheme in principle；my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money. 我原则上喜欢你的计划，唯一担心的是花销可能太大。
2……our generation views the adult world with great skepticism……skepticism：doubt，suspicion怀疑（态度）；怀疑主义be skeptical about：对……持怀疑太度；不相信。如：He is skeptical about everything .他对一切事物都抱怀疑态度。
with a skeptical expression带着怀疑的表情。
3.Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries.
contemprary adj.同时代的，当代；n.同时代的人。如：our contemporaries和我们同时代的人同义词：peer 同等的人，同辈。如：without a peer 无匹敌的
4.The people responsible are， presumably，the adults who……
a.responsible：1）（放在名词后面）应负责任的。如：I hold you responsible for the safety
of her family.我就把她家的安全交给你了。2）（放在名词前面）（工作、地为等）责任重的，有责任的。
如：a responsible position 要职。3）（人）可靠的，可信赖的，如：a responsible person有责任心的人。
b.presumably：perhpas大概，推测起来，可能。
5.These conclusions strike me as reasonable，……strike sb.+adj.（or n.）：使……感觉（是）。如：At first the idea struck me as stupid.起初，这个主意让我觉得很愚蠢。
He strikes me as an houest man .他让我觉得是个诚实的人。
6.The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect（we can take that for granted），but……
a.relevant：有关的。如：relevant information 有关信息。若作表语，后面通常跟由介词to 引导的短语。
如；The judge ruled that the evidence was not relevant to the case 法官认定证据与本案无关。
b. imperfect ：不完美，由perfect （完美）加否定前缀im-构成。
另如：pemissible-impermissible ， possible-impossible ， proper-improper ，pureimpure，mobile-immobile ， mortal-immortal.
c. take for granted ：视……为当然。
如： You should not take his help for granted .你不应该认为他的帮忙是当然的事。
7. For all is harshness and irrationality ，it is the only world we‘ve got .
a. for all …… 尽管。
如：For all his learning ， he is not wise . 他尽管满腹经纶，处世并不聪明。 For all his efforts ，he didn‘t succeed . 他还是个正派的人。
b. harsh ：残酷的；无情的；刻薄的。
如：She was very harsh with her servant . 她对用人非常刻薄。
We have to face harsh realities . 我们得面对残酷的现实。
c. rational ：有理性的，通情达理的。
如：Man is a rational thing . 人是有理性的动物。
Do you consider it a rational explanation ？你觉得这种解释合理吗？
irrational ：不理智， ir-为否定前缀。
另如：irreducible ， irrregular ， irreparble ， irreversible .
8. Choosing a strategy to cope with it ， then ，is ……
a. strategy ：战略，与之相对的是tactics（战术）
b. cope with ： to struggle or contend ， esp . with some degree of success 应付，处理。
如：They proposed several possibilities for coping with the crisis.
他们提出了对付危机的几种可能方案。
He is unable to cope with the duties of her new position .
他不能应付新岗位的职责。
9. So far as I have been able to discover ， there are four basic alternatives.
a. so far as ： =as far as ， to the extent that 就……而言，从……来看。
如：His conduct ， so far as I can see ， is unjustifiable .
就我看来，他凭一已之力将不可能完成这样巨大的项目。
b. alternative ： one of more than two possibilities 数种可能之一，可代替的。如：There are alternative answer to this question . 这个问题有几种可能的答案。
An alternative plan is to apply for a loan. 另一种可能的方案就是申请贷款。
10. Drop Out
drop out ： to withdraw from 退出。
如：He has decided to drop out of politics . 他已经决定退出政坛。
Seven students dropped out of university last year . 去年有七个学生从大学里退了学。
11. This is one of the oldest expedient ，……=expedient ： a temporary means to an end 权宜之计
如：resort to an expedient 采取权宜之计
12. In one way or another ，its practitioners batten on the society which ……
a. （in） one way or another ：以这样或那样的方式；在某方面。
如：The project must be completed by the end of this month （in） one way or another .不管用什么方式，这个项目必须在这个月底结束。
b. batten on ： thrive ， or prosper ， or live in luxury （on）（esp. at the expoense of others）（靠他人牺牲而）兴旺，过奢侈的生活，（损人）肥饱私囊
13. Some of us find this distasteful -an undignified kind of life .
distasteful ： disagreeable ； unpleasant 讨厌的，令人不愉快的。
如：Jazz is distasteful to me . 我讨厌爵士乐。（爵士乐不合我的口味）
14. But for the poor in spirit ， with low levels of both energy and pride ，it may be the least intolerable choice available .
avaible ： ready for use ； readily obtainable
a. （立即）可利用的；可得到的。
如：employ all means available 采用一切可能的方法。
The dress is available in all sizes . 这种款式的服装大小尺寸都有。
b. （人）有空的。
如：I‘ll be available tomorrow morning . 我明天早上有空。
15. This strategy has ancient antecedents .
antecedent ： preceding thing or circumstance ， esp. （pl.）past history of a person 前事，前情；
（复数）身世，经历，人的过去历史。
如； a woman of shady antecedent 一个来历可疑的女人
16. …… that is ， the city ， with all its ugliness and tension .
tension ： mental strain 紧张。
如：under extreme tension 处于极度紧张/（复数-s）紧张（状态）。
如：the tension between labor and mangement 劳资间关系的紧张
17. The trouble with the solution is that it no longer is on a large scale .
on a large scale ：大规模。
另如：on a tremendous scale 极大的规模。
The project was undertaken on a grand scale . 这个项目规模很大。
The reform is carried out on an enormous scale . 改革的幅度极大。
18. Out planet ， unfortunately ， is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes.
run out of ： become short of ， become exhausted 用完。
如； We ran out of petrol the other day . 那一天我们汽油用光了。
We are running out of time . 我们已经没有时间了。
19. Plot a Revolution
plot ： plan secretly 密谋。
如：They plotted how to kill him . 他们密谋如何杀死他。
The criminals were plotting to rob the bank. 犯罪密谋抢银行。
20. …… those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process and who believe that the institytion can only be changed by force .
a. tedious ： long and tiresome 冗长乏味的。
如：a tedious lecture 冗长的演讲；tedious work 乏味的工作
b. working（s）： action ， operation 工作，运作。
如：the workings of the mind ， the workings of the nature 自然的运作
21. To them it offers a romantic appeal ， usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure .
a. a romantic appeal ： appeal n. ： the power to attract the mind or emotions 吸引力。
如：Such life has no appeal for me . 这种生活对我没有吸引力。
That sort of music has lost its appeal for me . 这种音乐已经失去了对我的吸引力。
v. appeal to ：吸引。
如：Does the menu appeal to me？菜单吸引我了吗？
The novel appeals to women . 这本小说吸引女性读者。
b. dashing ： vigorously lovely ； brilliant or showy 精力充沛的；华丽的
c. charismatic 名词形式为charisma （使大众信服的）领袖魅力
22. Let‘s smash it and build something better on the ruins .
on the ruins ： the remains of destroyed or decaying or town 废墟，遗迹，残骸。
如：the ruins of a castle 一座城堡的废墟
23. These are the ones whose revolution did not come off ，……
come off ： happen ， occur 发生。
如：The invasion came off last week . 入侵是上星期发生的。
To be effective or successful 生效，成功。
如：She didn‘t come off well in the interview . 她的面试不很成功。
24. I am not ， of course ， suggesting that revolutions accomplish nothing .
accomplish ： bring to a successful conclusion ； achievement 完成。
如：accomplish something / a great deal / miracles 实现某种目标/取得很大成就/实现奇迹
accomplish ： skilled ， expert 熟练的，内行的。
如：an accomplish golf player 技术精湛的高尔夫运动员
accomplishment （s）修养，才艺。
如：a woman of many accomplishment 多才多艺的女人
25. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ， cleansed of all human meanness .
cleanse ： make clean 清洗。
如：She cleansed the wound with alcohol .她用酒精清洗伤口。
cleanse sin from the soul = cleanse the soul of sin 清洗灵魂的罪恶
26. At first glance ， this course is far from inviting.
inviting ： temptingly attractive 诱人的。
如：an inviting smile 迷人的微笑/an inviting dish 诱人的菜肴
27. It depends on the exasperting and uncertain instruments of persuasion ……
exasperate ： annoy extremely 令人怒不可遏
如：Constant interruptions exasperate me . 不断的中断让我怒火中烧。
28. It demands patience ， always in short supply .
（be） in short supply ：供应不足，短缺。
如：Food is in short supply .食物供应不足。
Honesty is in short supply . 缺乏诚实（的人）。
29. …… as soon as you capture one mountain range ， another one looms just ahead .
loom ： come into view in indistint and enlarged form 忽隐忽现。
如：The iceberg loomed out of the mist .冰山在迷雾中忽隐忽现。
Dangers are looming ahead . 危险阴森森地逼近。
30. …… of coping with war in unfamil iar guises .
guise ： a false or assumed appearance or disguise 外貌，伪装。
如：an old idea in a new guise 老观念新面貌（新瓶装旧酒）
in the guise of 打扮成……的样子。
如：the king in the guise of a beggar 装扮成乞丐的国王
under the guise of 以……为借口。
如：under the guise of friendship 以友谊为幌子
31. It dawned on us rather suddenly that ……
dawn on ： begin to be known， or realized 常用先行词it ，表示“明白过来”。
如：It has slowly dawned upon me that he will not lend a helping hand to us when we are in trouble. 我慢慢明白，当我们碰到麻烦的时候，他是不会伸出援手的。
高级英语pub talk and the king's english中英笔记
L3. Pub Talk and the King’s English(酒吧闲谈与标准英语) Henry Fairlie (亨利·费尔利) 1.Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the way in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 人类的一切活动中，闲谈是最具交际性的sociable（主题句），也是人类特有的。而动物之间的信息交流，无论其方式何等复杂intricate，也是称不上交际的。 1.And it is an activity only of humans. (para1) 并且它是人类特有的一种活动。 And conversation is an activity which is found only among human being． Sociable [?so???bl] adj.随和的，好交际的，友善的friendly or agreeable,eapecially in an easy,informal way(用书） intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的 Indulge: 任凭自己沉溺于……；耽于to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like,eapecially sth that is considered bad for you ----indulge in sth, indulge yourself. 例：Women do not indulge in to the same extent as men. deserve: 值得；应得 2.The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meander s or leap s and sparkle s or just glow s. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has “something to say.”Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalist s are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdote s, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go.
如何做口译笔记范文
如何做口译笔记范文 记笔记并不是把讲话者的原话一字不落地全部记下来。做交传笔记的目的不是用文字记录口头表达的话。翻译不是在做听写，也不能像读本科的学生那样记课堂笔记。本科学生的课堂笔记虽然忽略了很多东西，但还是用完整的句子记下了一些内容，可供以后查阅。译员记笔记也不像为某些会议做记录的速记员。速记员为了使自己的记录具有一定的真实性，要在记录中保留一定数量的原话。 一、口译笔记的性质 交传笔记是记忆的辅助手段，其作用是帮助译员把精神集中在讲话的内容上，并在翻译的时候起到提醒的作用。所谓对记忆的帮助，就像在手帕上打个结，提醒自己别忘了某件事一样，仅供个人使用。笔记只供在讲话之后的几分钟内使用。译员在听讲话的时候，主要靠脑子记，而不是靠笔记，笔记的目的不是再现讲话的原文，只是提示记忆。笔记只供个人使用，只能在当时唤起某种联想，几天之后，记笔记的本人也未必明白记的是什么了。换句话说，笔记从性质上具有个性特点，只在短时间内起作用。 埃德蒙?加里(1985)曾写文章说： 译员一边听会议代表讲话，一边在笔记本上简短记下几笔，所表示的不是声音(不是讲话者的原话)，而是意思。这是基本的原则，如果不这样做，那就不可能做好翻译。 所有的译员都会同意这种说法，但为了让学生明白这一点，我们还必须说明两点：第一，意思本身是无法记录的，我们能够记的，
只能是几个简单的词，或者符号，只能由这些词或符号向我们提示某个意思;第二，所有的讲话，从结构上说，都是用句法组织起来的表达意思的语音，以及一些指示固定事物的名称。 有些东西可以像代码一样从一种语言转到另一种语言，这些东西需要记在笔记中(虽然这一规则有例外)，而有的东西则根据每个人的性格、知识、思想方法等等的不同，需要选择一些标志性的符号，到时候这些符号会向我们提示某一段话的内容。 二、口译笔记记什么? 口译笔记到底应该记什么?首先就是要将听到的话语按照意思 记下来。 记意思 意思是讲话的组成部分，从数量上是笔记的主要内容。所谓记笔记，就是通过一个字符记住有关的意思，不管是什么样的字符(文字、符号、图形等等)，一个字符的提示作用，可以使人回想起一系列意思之间的联系。从这种意义上说，笔记所对应的不是按照语法规则组织起来的语音形式，笔记所代表的意思，可以用与讲话的原文不同的文字来表达。 笔记中还有表示各个意思之间的联系，比如因果、推论等等，以及各个意思之间的时间关系，这种联系和关系是意思表达的组成部分。 可以作为代码直接过渡到另一种语言(直译)的字词。
高级英语 Face to face with Hurricane Camille中英笔记
Face To Face With Hurricane Camille 迎战卡米尔号飓风 约瑟夫.布兰克 1John Koshak,Jr., knew Hurricane Camille would be bad. Radio and television warnings had sounded throughout that Sunday. Last August 17, as Camille lashed northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico. It was certain to pummel Gulfport, Miss., where the Koshaks lived. Along the coasts of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, nearly 150,000 people fled inland to safer ground. But like thousands of others in the coastal communities, John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family—his wife, Janis and their seven children, aged 3 to 11—was clearly endangered. 小约翰。柯夏克已料到，卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。就在去年8月17日那个星期天，当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时，收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。柯夏克一家居住的地方一—密西西比州的高尔夫港——肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，不愿舍弃家园，要他下决心弃家外逃，除非等到他的一家人一—妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打 pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打 2 Trying to reason out the best course of action, he talked with his father and mother, who had moved into the ten-room house with the Koshaks a month earlier from California. He also consulted Charles Hill, a longtime friend, who had driven from Las Vegas for a visit. 为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策，他与父母商量过。两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来，住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理希尔的意见。 course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法 reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径 例：Let's reason this out instead of quarrelling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案 3 John, 37—whose business was right there in his home (he designed and developed educational toys and supplies, and all of Magna Products’ correspondence, engineering drawings and art work were there on the first floor)—was familiar with the power of a hurricane. Four years earlier Hurricane Betsy had demolished his former home a few miles west of Gulfport (Koshak had moved his family to a motel for the night). But that house had stood only a few feet above sea level. “We’re elevated23 feet,” he told his father, “and we’re a good 250 yards from the sea. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. We’ll probably be as safe here as anyplace else.”
新概念二第73课笔记
课堂笔记 单词： 1)truant n.逃学者 Persistent truants will be expelled from school（学生经常逃学，会被开除） play truant from school逃学 As a boy, Tom used to play truant from school. 汤姆小时候常逃学 Should the students be punished for playing truant? 学生逃课应该受到惩罚吗？ 逃学’的另一个说法，是to play hooky/hookey。俚语hook有‘赶快离去’ 的意思，例如：They hooked it before the police arrived（警察到达之 前，他们就逃走了）。Hooky或hookey，无非是把hook it合成一字。One day, you will regret playing hooky(from school)即‘有一天，你会后悔逃学 的。 truancy逃学，逃课 2）unimaginative毫无想象力 adj. imaginative富于想象力的，爱想象的 He is an imaginative painter. 他是位富有想象力的画家。 imaginary假想的，虚构的，幻想的 Monk Sun is an imaginary character of Journey to the West written by the imaginative writer Wu Cheng’en
imagination想象力 imaginable可想象的，想象得到的 It is imaginable that breaking the engagement will damage his image. 可以想象,违反婚约将损害他的形象。 3）over and over again一再地，反复许多次地 As my grandmother can't hear very well, I have to say it over and over again. 由于我奶奶听力不大好，我不得不反复说好几遍。 4）as far as 到.......程度就.......而言 As far as I know, his operation is successful. 就我所知，他的手术是成功的。 5)put...to shame 使......蒙羞，使......见不得人 What he has done put his parents to shame. 他的所做所为使他父母感到羞耻。 Your beautiful handwriting puts my untidy scrawl to shame. 你漂亮的字体把我的潦草字迹比得见不得人了。 Shame on you!真可耻！ shame sb. into/out of doing sth.使某人感到惭愧而做（不做）某事 What a shame! 真糟糕! 真可惜! 真不象话! What a shame you didn't win.你没赢, 真遗憾. 6)hitchhike免费搭乘他人之车 Jim hitchhiked through France to Spain.Jim沿途搭乘便车经法国前往西班
高级英语lesson2 marrakech课堂笔记
Marrakech George Orwell 1 As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later. 2 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across （break ones way）the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried. 1.一具尸体抬过，成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上嗡嗡而起追逐过去，但几分钟过后又飞了回来。 2.一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性，没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场，从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行，边走边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木，只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上，有四个朋友抬着送葬。朋友们到了安葬场后，便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑，将尸首往坑里一倒。再扔一些像碎砖头一样的干土块。不立墓碑，不留姓名，什么识别标志都没有。坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野，恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。一两个月过后，就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。 3 When you walk through a town like this -- two hundred thousand inhabitants of whom at least twenty thousand own literally (really;真实的)nothing except the rags they stand up in-- when you see how the people live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking among human beings. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact. The people have brown faces--besides, there are so many of them! Are they really the same flesh （mankind人类）as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated（无差别的）brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects? （三个疑问句）They rise out of the earth（出生贫寒，metaphor），they sweat and starve(alliteration;) for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. And even the graves themselves soon fade back into the soil. Sometimes, out for a walk as you break your way(threaded their way) through the prickly pear(刺梨), you notice that it is rather bumpy（not even）underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons.//part1:the coprse scene 3.当你穿行也这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活，又如何动辄死亡时，你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中。实际上，这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。这里的人都有一张褐色的脸，而且，人数书如此之多！他们真的和你意义同属人类吗？难道他们也会有名有姓吗？也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。他们从泥土里长出来，受哭受累，忍饥挨饿过上几年，然后有被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。谁也不会注意到他们的离去。就是那些小坟丘本身也过不了很久便会变成平地。有时当你外出散步，穿过仙人掌丛时，你会感觉到地上有些绊脚的东西，只是在经过多次以后，摸清了其一般规律时，你才会知道你脚下踩的是死人的骷髅。
新概念英语第二册第73课-The record-holder
新概念英语第二册第73课:The record-holder Lesson 73 The record-holder纪录保持者First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Did the boy go where he wanted to? Children who play truant from school are unimaginative. A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get. They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles. He hitchhiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais. No one noticed the boy as he crept off. From there, he hitchhiked to Paris in a lorry. The driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city. The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border. There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of evading school. 参考译文 逃学的孩子们都缺乏想像力。他们通常能够做到的，至多也就是安静地钓上一天鱼，或在电影院里坐上8个小时，一遍遍地看同一部电影。而有那么一个小男孩，他在逃学期间旅行了1,600英里，从而使上述所有逃学的孩子们都相形见绌了。他搭便车到了丹佛，天快黑时钻进了一条船，想找个地方睡觉。第二天早上他醒来时，发现船在这段时间已经到了加。当男孩从船里爬出来时，谁也没有发现他。从那里他又搭上卡车到了巴黎。司机给了他几块饼干和一杯咖啡，就把他丢在了城外。男孩截住的下一辆车，没有像他希望的那样把他带到巴黎市中心，而是把他带到了法国和西班牙边界上的佩皮尼昂。他在那儿被一个警察
口译笔记的具体例子
林超伦实战口译笔记实例详解 时间:2008-10-06 16:02来源:实战口译网站作者:林超伦点击:5367次 在这里，我将举实例介绍我的笔记方法，以及我如何以笔记与大脑短期记忆互动的方式保证译文的精确度。 由于口译条件的限制，其精确度不能以笔译的尺度衡量，也没有必要这样做。口译的听众与笔译的读者，需求不同，预期也不同。 由于使用实例讲解，无法把口译要点分门别类地举例。我将顺着例子讲下去。讲完之后，各项要点也就都包括其中了。 人脑思维速度极快，一闪而过的念头，解说起来会显得繁杂。不过，我希望你能在开始时，多一点耐心。很快你就会发现，我的讲解读起来似乎繁杂，但背后的思路，也就是说一旦使用起来，要明快得多。 开始前，提醒一下，不要忘了笔记是必需和记忆互动的。二者缺一不可。以下的实例解说，均以此为基础。 讲话原文 Following the 1997 election, in which the Labour Party came to power, the macroeconomic policy framework has been reformed. 第一层次：一个箭头，加97，再加"选"，足以帮助短期记忆，说出译文："1997年大选之后"。 第二层次：一个"工"加圆圈，提醒"工"字后面还有话。另外，一条垂直线体现出第二层与第一层有关联。此后一个箭头，再加"权"，足以帮助短期记忆，说出译文："工党上台掌权"。
第三层次：一个"M"加圆圈，提醒"M"字后面还有话。从短期记忆中回顾出"宏观经济框架"。 接着，一条横线体现关联，线后一个"改"字，于是补齐译文："对宏观经济框架进行了改革"。 最后划圈，带横杆，表示本段讲话到此结束。 备注：使用的4个汉字都经过"理顺"。其中2个是一笔成字。 The aim of this reform is to help provide a framework for improved macroeconomic stability and economic growth. 承上启下：一划从上段的"改"字左斜拉下来，接着往右一拐弯。足以从短期记忆中回顾出："改革的目的"。 第一层次：写一个"框"字。从短期记忆中顺着上文，不难说出："是为了提供一个框架"。 届此，听到"improved"，随之划一条上行箭头，再补一个"M"加圈，提醒"M"字后面还有话。这样就不难说出："以改善宏观经济稳定"。 若担心"M"不够，则可以加"稳"字，或一条水平横线代表之。 第二层次：此时，已听到"and economic growth"，于是在"M"之下写"经"字，或"E"外带上弧线。这就不难说出："促进经济增长"。 最后划个圈，顺手一横杆，表示本段讲话到此结束。 备注：采用了同传里的断句和变通技巧，在"框架"后断句，"improved"翻做"改善"；加"经济增长"前加"促进"两字完句。
高级英语张汉熙笔记
Unit One The Middle Eastern Bazaar Lead-in Textual Structure of the Text Detailed Study of the Text Rhetorical Devices The Middle East Generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey. The Middle East is a loosely defined geographic region; the countries listed are generally considered part of the Middle East. These Middle East countries are part of the Asian continent, with the exception of Egypt, which is part of Africa, and the northwestern part of Turkey, which is part of the European landmass. Rich in oil, linking point of three continents. Nearby five seas: Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Caspian Sea (里海) Bazaar Bazaar: A market consisting of a street lined with shops and stalls, especially one in the Middle East. ---handicraft economy, contrast to the modern society Three famous bazaars in the Middle East: The Khan Khalili Bazaar in Cairo, Egypt 埃及开罗汗·哈利利集市 The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey 土耳其伊斯坦布尔大市集 The Damascus Bazaar in Syria 叙利亚大马士革集市 China’s most busiest markets: Xiushui Street and Da Zha Lan in Beijing 北京大栅栏和秀水街 References “The history of Middle East” (Mesopotamia Civilization, Civilization of Ancient Egypt, Middle East Wars) “The Bible—Old Testament” (the first half of the Christian Bible) “Talmud”塔尔穆德(犹太法典) (the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism) 犹太法典中的几句箴言 有四种人，一种人说：“我的是我的，你的是你的。”这是平凡人；一种人说：“我的是你的，你的是我的。”这是庸俗人；一种人说：“你的我的全是我的。”这是邪恶人；一种人说：“我的你的全是你的。”这是敬虔人。 上帝不以男人的头创造女人，因为女人不可支配男人；但也不以男人的脚创造女人，因为女人不可成为男人的奴隶；而以男人的肋骨创造女人，因为要她永远贴近他的心。 20岁不潇洒，30岁不成业，40岁不富有，50岁不幸福，那一辈子就完了。 Section I (Para 1) 3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.
新概念英语第二册课文翻译及词汇Lesson73~75(最新)
新概念英语第二册课文翻译及词汇Lesson73 【课文】 Children who play truant from school are unimaginative. A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get. They have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1,600 miles. He hitchhiked to Dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. When he woke up next morning, he discovered that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to Calais. No one noticed the boy as he crept off. From there, he hitchhiked to Paris in a lorry. The driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city. The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris as he hoped it would, but to Perpignan on the French-Spanish border. There he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to England by the local authorities. He has surely set up a record for the thousands of children who dream of evading school. 【课文翻译】 逃学的孩子们都缺乏想像力。他们通常能够做到的，至多也就是安静地钓上一天鱼，或在电影院里坐上8个小时，一遍遍地看同一部电影。而有那么一个小男孩，他在逃学期间旅行了1,600英里，从而使上述所有逃学的孩子们都相形见绌了。他搭便车到了多佛，天快黑时钻进了一条船，想找个地方睡觉。第二天早上他醒来时，发现船在这段时间已经到了加。当男孩从船里爬出来时，谁也没有发现他。从那里他又搭上卡车到了巴黎。司机给了他几块饼干和一杯咖啡，就把他丢在了城外。男孩截住的下一辆车，没有像他希望的那样把他带到巴黎市中心，而是把他带到了法国和西班牙边界上的佩皮尼昂。他在那儿被一个警察抓住了，之后被*送回了英国。他无疑为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项纪录。 【生词汇总】 record-holder 纪录保持者 truant n. 逃学的孩子 unimaginative adj. 缺乏想像力的 shame n. 惭愧，羞耻 hitchhike v. 搭便车旅行 meantime n. 其间
口译笔记常用符号
4.3.2 口译笔记常用符号 在学会了对原语进行逻辑和思维路线再现之后，用适当的符号替换逻辑或者思维再现图中的部分文字，实际上就是口译笔记了，当然在真实的口译实践中，笔记还可以更进一步地简化。相当多的口译初学者觉得口译员使用的符号很神秘，看起来像天书一样，进而“神话”口译员的工作。其实口译员使用的符号主要来自于原语、译入语，小部分借用了速记符号。现在我们看看口译员常用的符号来源： 4.3.2.1 汉字、汉字偏旁部首、古汉语、简化汉字、拼音 大university, adult, generous, open-minded, large-size… 中middle school, medium-sized, intermediate, in the middle of, neutral,… 小primary (elementary), kid, children, mean, petty,… 凝聚ningju或者nju 饕餮taotie或者ttie “戈”可以用来代替“武器” 偏旁部首举例： 简化汉字举例： 4.3.2.2 英语、英语字母 英语单词的缩写规律：保留单词的辅音，去除元音，当然首字母是元音必须保留。一般保留三至五个辅音就可以帮助回忆整个单词，例如： impoverishment: impvr
debility: dblt rejuvenate: rjvn department: dpt standard: std reference: rfr 口译学习者还需要记住常用国际组织、专用名词、国家名及其首都名的缩写，例如： UN, UNESCO, NATO, APEC, OPEC, … Intellectual property protection: IPP NK, SK, CN, US, UK… 口译学习者还可以自己开动脑筋，充分发挥自己的创造性和想象力，开发出简介实用的笔记符号，下面以英文大写字母为例，看看如何创造性地在笔记中使用这些大写字母： A: first, top, excellent, extraordinary, outstanding, remarkable, unusual E: eyesight, economy, economic, economical, electronic, East F: failure, false, wrong, not true, full, flag G: government, God H: health, help, support, connect, bridge, cross, Hour I: I / we, my (our) party, eye L: long, lengthen, prolong M: money, mail, mother, mountain, movement, McDonald, man, May, Member (ship), mm… N: nose, nation, name, nothing, no, negation, deny, need, necessary, North O: zero, circle, old, orange, our, one, empty, world, all, success, complete P: pm, peace, park, pay, politics, people, perfect, president, prime minister, head, flagship Q: quality, quantity, quarter, question, cute, balloon, head, suspect, doubt, unknown, difficulty R: respect, representative, request, about, relations, return S: smile, snake, turns and twists, society, social, silence, curve, slim T: time, tea, cross-disciplinary, compound, T-shirt, T-stage, disagreement, dispute, disapproval U: you (your party), pitfall, trap, recycle, cycle, return, valley V: victory, triumph, vs, valley, bottom, tip W: west, western, wave, fluctuate, ups and downs X: X-ray, XL, wrong, negation, cross, times, execute, kill Y: why, year, yes, approve, agree, young, deviate, tree, servant Z: zero, zoo, last, zigzag, turns and twists, dream, sleep (comic strip) 从以上例子可以看出，我们可以从拼写、发音以及字母的结构等方面来进行联想，在笔记中创造性地使用这些符号。 4.3.2.3 箭头 箭头在口译笔记中的使用可以毫不夸张地说“占了半壁江山”，首先动词的位置往往由右箭头代替。下面看看箭头的用法：
高级英语 the future of the english中英笔记
第二册lesson 11 The Future of The English 英国人的未来 J . B. Priestley JB普里斯特利 1 【To write about the English in standard and cosmopolitan political terms, the usual Left-Centre-Right stuff, is almost always wasting time and trouble. The English are different. The English are even more different than they think they are, though not more different than they feel they are. And what they feel — Englishness again - is more important than what they think. It is instinctive feeling and not rational thought that shapes and colours actual events in England. 背诵】 若想用世界上流行的标准政治术语，即左、中、右三派这种毫无意义的陈腔老调来描述英国人的话，那多半是白费时间，徒耗精力。英国人可是与众不同。他们甚至比自己想象中的英国人还要不同，倒是同他们自己感觉中的英国人差不多。而他们所感觉到的…这一点再次反映出英国人的特性——比他们想象到的更为重要。在英国，决定一切事物形式和色彩的不是人的理性思维，而是人的本能感觉。 cosmopolitan (adj.) : common to or representative of all or many parts of the world；not national or local世界性的；不限于国家或地区范围的 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 For example, although the English seem to be so sharply divided, always indulging in plenty of loud political abuse, there are nothing like so many Communists or neo- or potential Fascists in England as there are in most other countries. Again, although the English seem to have more than their share of rallies, protest marches, confrontations with authority, what could begin to look like a murderous encounter in France or America, or might be a bloody street battle in Japan, would in England end at the worst in a few scuffle s and arrests. This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English, and at the same time, below the noisy arguments, the abuse and the quarrels, there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling, not yet exhausted though it may not be