(完整版)动词的非谓语动词形式讲解

动词的非谓语形式：动词不做谓语时的固定形式。

(1)动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分

词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。

(2)动词不定式：

①形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只

要在“to”前面加上“not”。它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。*它

的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。

②动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、

状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟

宾语、表语和状语。动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。

③动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式

短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用

for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就

是帮助人)/ It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语

是非常的困难)/ It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我

一个小时的时间)

④动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。

to have a rest began to search the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)/ He liked to have a swim

in the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)/ When did you learn to

speak English?(你什么时候开始学英语的？)/ Don’t forget to close the door when

you leave.(你离开时别忘了关门

[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)/ He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了) /Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电

话.)(还没打电话) / I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给

你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)

He does not know which one to take./ Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)/ She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)/ Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎样上网吗？)

[C] 不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则

后置。如：I found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike.(我发现学骑车不很容易)

⑤动词不定式可以在句子中用作定语,放在名词或代词后面。

They could not find a place to live in.(他们找不到住的地方)/ Please give me a chair to sit on.(请给我一张椅子坐坐)/ He has got a writing brush to write with.((他找到了写字的毛笔)

⑥动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语,有下列几种情况：

[A]放在不及物动词(come, go, stop, finish, wait等词)的后面。如：He came to see her

yesterday.(他昨天来看望她)(表示来的目的)/I stopped to have a rest.(我停下来

休息一会儿)(表示停下来的目的)

[B]放在完整的谓语之后(即“谓语+宾语”、“谓语+宾语+补语”、“动词+表语”之

后)。如：We cleaned the room to let him play in it.(我们打扫了房间以便让他在

里面玩)/ I opened the window to see more clearly.(我打开窗子以便看得更清楚

点儿)

[C]有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。如：To arrive there on time,I got up

one hour earlier than usual.(为了按时到达,我们比平时早起了一个小时)(表示

早起的目的)

[注意] stop to do与stop doing的不同。如：They stopped to have a look.(他们停下来看看)(不定式作“停下来”的目的状语)/ They stopped looking out of the

window and began to listen to the teahcher.(他们停止向窗外望,开始听老师讲

课)(动名词作宾语,表示“停止”的内容)

⑦动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语,限用于连系动词之后。如：My job is to keep the

goal.(我的工作就是守住球门)

⑧

Mum asked me to help her with the cooking.

you to see my parents.(我想要你见见我的父母)/ The boss often made the

workers work 14 hours a day.(老板常让工人们一天工作14小时)/ Now let me

hear you play the violin.(现在让我来听你拉小提琴)

[注意] help之后做宾补的不定式符号to可以省略；hear / see / feel / watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时,含义不同,需特别注意,(参见现在分词部分)。试比较：

I heard her crying when I walked past.(我路过时听到她正在哭)(指当时瞬间的

情况)

I sat near her and heard her sing the new song.(我坐在她附近听她唱新歌)(指整

个过程)

(3)动名词

①动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被

状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。动

名词加相关词语(宾语或状语等)构成动名词短语。

②动名词可以作主语。一般可用it作形式主语而将动名词短语后移。如：Learning

English all by yourself is not so easy.(自学好英语不那么容易)(=It is not so easy

learning English all by yourself.)

③动名词可以作宾语。

[A] want / need之后用动名词时,含有被动意思。如：Y our car needs reparing badly.(你

的车急需修理。)(被修)My hair needs cutting.(我要理发。)(头发被理)

[B] remember / forge / stop / finish之后用动名词时,与用不定式含义不同。如：I forgot

to write a letter to him.(我忘了给他写封信)(根本没写) / I forgot writing a letter

to him.(我忘了给他写过信)(写了却忘了) / They stopped to look back.(他们停下

来向后看)(停下的目的是向后看) / They stopped looking back.(他们停止向后

看)(不向后看了)

[C] enjoy / mind / keep / hate/ go等词一般用动名词作宾语。如：Do you mind my

closing the door?(把门关上你介意吗？)/ She hates travelling by air.(她讨厌坐飞

机旅行)/ They went swimming every afternoon.(他们每天下午去游泳)/ I enjoy

walking around the town.(我喜欢在镇上转悠)

[D] like / love / start / begin / learn后面用动名词时,与用不定式意思相近或相同。如：

We began to study English when we were at primary school.(我们在小学时就开

始学英语了) / We began studying English when we were at primary school. (我们

在小学时就开始学英语了)

④动名词可以作表语,此时特别注意不要与现在进行时混淆。如：My job is putting

these parts together.(我的事情是把这些部件拼起来) /I am putting these parts

together.(我正在

．．把这些部件拼起来)

⑤动名词与现在分词构成相同,但是含义不同,动名词主要表示事情,而现在分词则主

要表示进行着的动作。如：Eating too much is not good for your health. (动名词短

语,作主语) / Seeing is believing.(动名词短语,分别作主语和表语) / He ran after a

moving bus and got onto it.(现在分词,作定语) / His father saw him sitting on some

eggs.(现在分词,作宾补)

(4)分词：包含现在分词和过去分词。(高中学习重点)

①主要区别：现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有

被动或动作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。

②分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。

[A]作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放

在所修饰的名词之后。如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) / The woman

running after the thief shouted very loudly,“Stop the thief!”(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊：捉小偷！) / Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人)/ He only gave me a broken glass,so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气)

Mum kept me working all the week.

entered the room,I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)/ In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动)

[C] 现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。如：She came into the classroom,holding a

pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸)/ I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试)

[D] 过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系

表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) /beome frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。例略。

[E] 过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我

让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.

则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)95231

非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1．一般式to do 例如：I like to read English. 2．进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 3．完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 4．被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 5．完成被动式to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It + 谓语+ to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus.

非谓语动词全面讲解

非謂语动词（一）一、Done 被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。句法功能表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished. The door remained locked. They seemed worried. 定语：划出下列句子的定语部分 The broken glass is still lying on the table. The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived. A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up. He sent them his newly-invented devices. She was reading a novel written by Dickens. The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter. The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well. 翻译：他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。宾补 1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。 We found him greatly changed. 2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。 He made himself understood in spoken English. 3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。 She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped. 翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了

非谓语动词专项及解析(1)

必备英语非谓语动词专项及解析一、非谓语动词 1．The WWF is working hard _________ the animals in danger． A. save B. to save C. saves D. saved 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：世界自然基金会正努力工作来拯救处于危险中的动物。此处表示目的，应该用动词不定式。故选B。【点评】考查动词不定式。动词不定式表示目的。 2．— Please stay with me this weekend. —I'm sorry, but my father and I planned _________ Beijing a long time ago. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个周末请和我呆在一起吧。——我很抱歉，但是我父亲和我很久前就计划去参观北京了。plan to do sth.，计划做某事，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语plan to do sth. 3．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式，故选A。【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。 4．Most people enjoy other people games. A. watching; plays B. to watch; to play C. watching; playing D. watching; to play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:许多人喜欢看别人做游戏。喜欢做某事:enjoy doing sth后跟动名词作宾语;看某人做某事:watch sb do sth（用省to的不定式表示看到了整个过程）;watch sb doing sth（用动名词表示看到了动作在发生）。人们喜欢看别人在做游戏而不一定是整个过程，故选C。 5． Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 【答案】 A

非谓语动词讲解及练习题

非谓语动词非谓语动词的概念: 在句子中不能做谓语的动词形式叫做非谓语动词. 它不受人称和数的限制. 非谓语动词分为三种形式: 不定式：to do 动名词：v-ing 用做名词分词（现在分词doing和过去分词V-ed）（高考）考点一：不定式 1.不定式的基本形式是to＋动词原形，它具有动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语，但它没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式和自己的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略）；其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。如：My father asked me not to read in bed. ) 2.不定式的句法作用动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它可以作主语、宾语、宾补和状语。 (1)作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末， It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb)＋动词不定式。 It's important (for us) to protect environment. 注: kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It's very kind of you to help me. (2)作宾语 He wants to go out with her. 注:①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect，pretend等。？

Would you like to see a film this evening ②当不定式作宾语时，通常还可以用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。 I find it easy to read English every day. (3)作表语句型：主语+ be + to do sth . 如：My group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. （4）作目的状语 > 如：He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。 I get up early to catch the first bus.我早起为了赶上首班车。 (5)作宾语补足语 ①不能省略to： ask. tell . order . force. want. invite. expect . encourage . advise. teach . promise. warn. allow . remind . help. 如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。 My mother asks me not to read in the bed.我妈妈不让我在床上看书。

(完整word版)超详细非谓语动词讲解

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外研版英语【初中英语】非谓语动词专项讲解及练习一、非谓语动词 1．Sue practices ______ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. A. play B. played C. to play D. playing 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：Sue努力练习拉小提琴并经常做精彩演出。Practise doing sth.故答案为D。【点评】考查动名词的用法，掌握practice doing结构。 2．My friend invited me ______ the Art Club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A. join B. to join C. joined D. joining 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A.动词原形;B. 动词不定式;C. 动词过去式;D.动词的ing形式。invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事。结合句意及结构，故选B。 3．The workers were made from morning to night in the past. A. worked B. to work C. work D. working 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:在过去工人们被迫从早晨工作到晚上make sb do sth让某人做某事，其被动语态形式sb be made to do sth所以选B。 4．Our English teacher wants us ______ English stories out of class. A. read B. reading C. to read 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。故选C。 5．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式，故选A。【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。

非谓语动词讲解超全

非谓语动词复习非谓语动词: a.动词不定式to do b.现在分词/ 动名词doing c.过去分词done 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 (有一个特殊情况：过去分词不具备名词性，所以补充当主语或宾语。）非谓语动词使用条件：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词, 又没有连词的情况下, 应使用非谓语动词。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加NOT 动词不定式一．动词不定式的变体动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 例如：The work is to be done soon. 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.

二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter. (1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等 (2)it作形式宾语 I find/feel to work with him interesting ．I find/feel it interesting to work with him． 3. I feel it my duty to change all that. 2.We think it important to obey the law. 下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词： stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做

外研版英语非谓语动词专题复习

外研版英语非谓语动词专题复习一、非谓语动词 1．The teachers often tell us ________ in the river. It's dangerous. A. not swim B. don't swim C. not swimming D. not to swim 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：老师经常告诉我们不要在河里游泳。太危险了。tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要做某事。动词不定式的否定结构，not to do sth.故选D。【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意动词不定式的否定结构not to do sth。 2．一What should we take when going birdwatching? 一 We should take a pair of binoculars ____________the birds clearly. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. sees 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:一去看鸟应该带什么?一为了看得清楚，我们应该带一副望远镜。带上望远镜的目的是看得清楚，用带to的不定式作目的状语。故选C。 3．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式，故选A。【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。 4．Running ______ a good way to exercise every day. A. is B. was C. are D. were 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：每天跑步是一种锻炼的好方式。“跑步”作句子的主语，动词短语作主语，用成动名词形式；动名词作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选A。【点评】本题考查主谓一致。以及is was ，are，were四个词的意义和用法。