被动语态
被动语态
一、构成英语有两种语态: 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者, 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者, 其构成为be + 过去分词。
1 . 被动语态各种时态形式表
一般时态进行时态完成时态
现在am /is /are+ asked am /is /are +being asked has /have been asked
过去was /were+asked was /were +being asked had been asked
将来shall /will +be asked shall /will +have been asked
过去将来
should /would +be asked should /would +have been asked
I’m afraid I am being followed . We had to take a detour . The road was being repaired .
The case has recently been tried . All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived .
English is taught in most schools in China . They were given a warm send-off .
Their wedding will be held in the church . They were told that the result would be announced
2 . 情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态时, 结构为:
一般式: 情态动词( can, could, may, might , must , should, need 等) + be + 过去分词
完成式: 情态动词( can, could, may, might , must , should, need 等) + have + 过去分词
This can be done by hand . This mustn’t be neglected .
二、被动语态使用要点
1 . 不及物动词不能用于被动语态
appear , rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart , belong to, break out , take place 等都属此类动
词。例如: Great changes have been taken place in my hometown . (误)
Great changes have taken place in my hometown . (正)
2 . 表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态
英语中有些动词(短语动词)不是表示动作, 而是表示某种状态或情况, 有“拥有、容纳、适合、缺少、明白”等意, 这类动词不能用于被动语态, 常见的有: lack , fit , mean, hold , resemble, have, cost , equal , contain, suit , comprise, become, last , possess, benefit , lack, befall 降
临, fail, consist of, look like 等。例如:The book costs 10 yuan . Jane resembles her mother . Note: 当have 作“吃, 接收, 经历, 度过”解时, 虽用作行为动词, 但一般不用于被动语态。例如: The children had a most enjoyable holiday .
.. 但当have 作“得到, 获得, 欺骗”解, 或同某些介词、副词结合构成及物性短语动词时, 可用于被动语态。例如: She has been had in the dealing( over the bargain) .
The ticket can be had for the asking .The young man was had up by the boss . ( = was summoned) 3 . 某些动词的进行时也可表示被动意义,常见的这类词有: bake, owe, brew, cook, print, bind, do 等。例如: The meat is cooking .The book is printing . The guns are firing .
Apples are selling cheaply . ( = are being sold) The cow was milking . ( = was being milked) Drums and gongs are beating .( are being beaten) Some clothes are airing on the fence .
4 . 不及物动词构成的短语动词能否用于被动语态
1)及物动词构成的短语动词总是及物性的, 故可以用于被动语态(注意不可省掉或漏掉介
词或副词) , 如win over, give up, ask for , make mention of 等。但是, 不及物动词构成的短
语可以是及物性的, 也可以是不及物性的; 不及物性的短语动词不可用于被动语态, 如
look up/ down, speak for 等Things are looking up .(正)
2)不及物动词构成的及物性短语动词则可以用于被动语态
The man has always been looked upon with disapproval by his wife .
The ground has been sat on and the bed has been slept in .
Note: pay attention to, take care of 等短语动词可以有两种被动语态形式。例如:
The situation has been paid attention to . Attentions have been paid to the situation .
The wounded are taken good care o f . Good care is taken of the wounded .
3) rain 等不及物动词, 有时也转用作及物动词
The meeting was rained out (off ) . A wheat crop has been rained out .
Note: 下列短语动词不用于被动语态, 或在某层意思上不用于被动语态:
①动词+ 介词→aim for , agree with, admit of (有.. 的余地) , adjust to, come to( 涉
及) , become of(结果是) , belong to, accord with, abound in
②动词+ 副词→get back, face out(坚持到底) , answer back(顶嘴) , have on(穿上)
③动词+ 名词+ 介词→set sail for, give way to(让位于) , have a hand in (插手) , give
place to
④动词+ 副词+ 介词→keep up with
He answered his father back . (正) The committee consists of ten members . (正)
No conclusion has been come to yet . 还没有得出任何结论。( come to 表示“达成,
得出”可用于被动语态)
When it comes to politics I know nothing . 关于政治我一窍不通。( come to 表示
“关于, 涉及”不用于被动语态)
5 . 主动形式表示被动意义的词
1)某些感官动词和系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义, 如: look , smell, taste, feel , prove, wear, sound 等The flower smells sweet . The dish tastes delicious .
2)某些及物动词后加副词( 有些可不加副词) 也可以表示被动意义, 如: wash, write, sell , read, open , cut , lock, peel , pack, play , shut , spot , split , strike, record, act , clean, draw, iron , keep, photo-graph 等
This type of recorder sells well . That kind of shirt washes very well . Ripe apples peel easily .
比较: The box doesn’t lock . (箱子本身的性质) The box was not locked . (箱子当时的状态)
The door opened . (强调门自身开了) The door was opened .(强调被人打开了)
The theory proved to be correct . (含有自身“证明”的特征)
The theory was proved to be correct . (被人证明)
3)want , deserve, need, require, repay, stand, take, won..t bear 和worth 等词的后面可以用动
名词的主动形式表示被动意义这时, 动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系, 若动名词是不及物的, 后面还应有适当的介词。例如:
The book is worth reading . The coat requires mending . The rule will take some learning .
6 . 被动语态中的几个常用介词用法比较
by( agents)表示动作的执行者或施动力; with( tools)表示用某种工具; of (materials )表示
由某种原料制成(制成品可见原料) ; from( substance)表示源于某种物质(制成品不可见
原料)。例如: covered by a lid 被盖子盖住covered with a lid 为盖子所盖着
The article was written by Jack . (施动者) The pencil was sharpened with a knife . (工具)
The room was lighted by electricity . 房间由电照明。(正) (施动力)
The room was lighted with electric lights . 房间用电灯照明。(正) (工具)
Note: ①by 短语并不总是表示动作的执行者。例如:
A policeman is known by the clothes he wears . ( by 表示方式)
He was much flattered by her asking him to dinner . ( by 表示原因)
The snow was piled high by the door . ( by 表示处所)
②下列句子变成被动语态时, 要用with , 不用by, 因为这里指的是“某种材料”。例
如: The door was covered with paint . The house was filled with smoke .
③在do wrongs to sb ., pay attention to the question, tell sth to sb ., deal a heavy
blow to sb . 等结构中, to 是不可省的, 但在被动语态中, to 则常常省去。例如:
She told him the wrongs that had been done her in those years .
Attention has been paid the question by the manager .
No more has been told him than that . A heavy blow was dealt the enemy by our army .
7. 祈使句的被动语态
肯定祈使句的被动语态结构为: let + 宾语+ be + 过去分词; 否定祈使句的被动结构为: Don..t let + 宾语+ be + 过去分词= Let + 宾语+ not + be+ 过去分词。例如:
Let us do it at once . Let it be done at once .
Let it not be forgotten to water the flowers . = Don’t let the flowers be forgotten to be watered . Note: ①疑问代词作主语时, 改为被动语态要用“By + 特殊疑问句”结构。例如:
Who invented the machine ? By whom was the machine invented ?
②疑问代词作宾语时, 改为被动语态要用疑问代词作主语。例如:
What have you done to improve the quality ? What has been done by you to improve the quality ?
③反义疑问句改为被动语态时, 把宾语变为主语。例如:
John broke the vase, didn’t he ? The vase was broken by John , wasn’t it ?
8. 不定式符号to 在被动语态中不可省
在主动语态中, 如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词, 这个动词前往往不带
to, 但在被动语态中要带to。例如: I saw her pass by the window .
9.如果enter, reach , leave 等的宾语是表示处所、地点(国家、团体、组织、军队等) , 不能变为被动语态He left the army in 2002 . She entered the hall gracefully .
10.如果动词的宾语是动名词或不定式, 不能变为被动语态
He likes to watch sunrise on the veranda . She started singing at the bell ring .
但少数已名词化的动名词可用于被动语态; feel , think, desire, decide, agree, suppose 等少
数动词以不定式作宾语时, 可变为以it 作形式主语的被动语态。例如:
Almost everybody likes swimming . →Swimming is liked by almost everybody .
Many people desire to have the tower rebuilt . →It was desired( by many people) to have the tower rebuilt .
11.如果谓语时态是将来进行时或完成进行时, 不能变为被动语态
She will be watering the garden this time tomorrow .
The students have been cleaning the hall since 3 o..clock in the afternoon .
12.表示重量、大小、数量、长度、程度的名词宾语不可变为被动语态The stone weighs a ton .
13.含有had rather ,would rather 或情态动词dare 的句子不可变为被动语态
I would rather do it now . He dare not do it .
被动语态训练
1.Our house_____, A .is getting paint B.is getting painted C .is got painted D .has got to paint
2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend .
A . was met by
B . was met
C . was meeting
D . met by
3.The war_____in 1937 A .was broken out B .had been broken out C .has broken out D .broke out
4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher.
A . cross
B . be crossing
C . be crossed by
D . cross by
5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.
A . been invited
B . been invited for
C . invited to
D . been invited to
6.It_______this way A . is had to do B . is had to be done C . had to be done D . has to do
7.It__this way. A used to do B . used to be done C . is used to do D . is used to doing
8._____Chaplin.
A . The child's name was called
B . The child's name calls
C . The child calls
D . The child is named
9.The sports meeting____ . A . is put off B . is to put off C . is to be put off D . puts off
10.Mary realized she_________
A . was making fun of
B . was made fun
C . was being made fun of
D . was being made fun
11.______to say a thing in that way
A . It is considers wrong
B . It is considered wrong
C . It is considered it's wrong
D . It is considering wrong
12.He ordered that the books_______at once.
A . would be printed
B . would print
C . be printed
D . print
13.The story______in China .
A . was taken place
B . was happened
C . took place
D . has been taken place
14.The house_____my parents
A . is belong to
B . belong to
C . belongs to
D . is belonged to
15.He_______by his teacher.
A . happened to see
B . was happened to see
C . happened to be seen
D . was happened to be seen
16.Great changes_____in our province.Many tall buildings.
A . have been taken place, have been set up
B . have taken place, have been set up
C . have been taken place, have been set up
D . were taken place, were set up
17.The hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.
A . furnished, finished
B . been finished, been furnished
C . being finished, being furnished
D . set up, full
18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town._____from here?
A . Can it see
B . Can it be seen
C . Can it seen
D . Can see
19.As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane_____.
A . had already taken off
B . already took off
C . was already taking off
D . was already taken off
20. Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.
A . have now been rebuilding
B . are now rebuilding
C . are now being rebuilt
D . are rebuilt now
21. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A . are not kept；will have to
B . are not kept；have
C . do not keep；will have to
D . do not keep；have to
22. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A . developed
B . have developed
C . are being developed
D . will have been developed
23. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A . I've been told
B . I've told
C . I'm told
D . I told
24. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A . has completed
B . completes
C . has been completed
D . is completed
25. Rain forests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from
the earth in the near future. A . cut B . are cut C . are being cut D . had been cut
26. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A . has been designed
B . had been designed
C . was designed
D . would be designed
27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A . breaks
B . has broken
C . was broken
D . had been broken
28. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A . have been taken place; have been set up
B . have taken place; have been set up
C . have taken place; have set up
D . were taken place; were set up
29. That suit __ over 60 dollars. A . had costed B . costed C . is costed D . cost
30. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.
--- What's the pretty small house that __ for?
A . is being built
B . has been built
C . is built
D . is building
31.--- Do you like the material? --- Yes, it ___very soft. A .is feeling B .Felt C.feels D.is felt
32. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese A . Write B . to write C . to be written D . written
33. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you． A . to type B . typing C . to be typed D . typed
34. Take care! Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A . won't wash out
B . won't be washed out
C . isn't washed out
D . isn't washing out
35. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A . be put up
B . give in
C . be turned on
D . go out
36. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A . belongs
B . are belonged to
C . belongs to
D . belong to
37. --- What do you think of the book? ---Oh, excellent. It's worth ___ a second time.
A . to read
B . to be read
C . reading
D . being read
38. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A . catching
B . to be caught
C . being caught
D . to catch
39. This page needed ___ again.
A . being checked
B . checked
C . to check
D . to be checked
40. ___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises
A . Having taught
B . Having been taught
C . taught
D . Teaching
41. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A．are not kept；will have to B．are not kept；have
C．do not keep；will have to D．do not keep；have to
42. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A. developed
B. have developed
C. are being developed
D. will have been developed
43. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A．I've been told B．I've told C．I'm told D．I told
44. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed
B. completes
C. has been completed
D. is completed
45. Rain forests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth soon.
A. cut
B. are cut
C. are being cut
D. had been cut
46. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed
B. had been designed
C. was designed
D. would be designed
47. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. was broken
D. had been broken
48. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; have been set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up
D. were taken place; were set up
49. That suit __ over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
50. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.--- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?
A. is being built
B. has been built
C. is built
D. is building
被动语态专项练习二
被动语态自我检测 Name _______________ I. 将下列句子改为被动语态： 1. People make paper from wood. 2. A car knocked him down yesterday. 3. The workers are painting the wall white. 4. My brother often makes me do this or that. 5. I can’t find the magazine you lent me last week. 6. We know that England is an island country. 7. He told us a long and interesting story last night. 8. Students listen to the teacher carefully in class. II. 下列句子有错吗？有的请改正： 1.The dish is tasted delicious. ____________ 2.Jack was seen take away your umbrella. ____________ 3.So far many tall buildings were built in the nearby cities. ____________ 4.This passage is well worth being read. ____________ 5.This kind of book sells well. ____________ 6.The kids are taken good care in this kindergarten. ____________ 7.The accident was happened near the park last night. ____________ 8.The task will be finished in two weeks. ____________ III. 用括号内的动词填空： 1. The window ______________ (break) when I got there. 2. These pictures must _________ (keep) well. 3. She _________ (fall) ill last night, and she _________(take) to the hospital at once. 4. Rice and wheat ____________(grow) in my hometown, too. Look! The Crops ____________(grow) fast in the fields. 5. _________ the street lights usually ______(turn) on at seven in summer evening ? 6. It __________ (say) that Mr. Li twisted his ankle badly last night. ________ the doctor __________(send) for at once ? 7. We used a teapot before the thermos(暖水瓶) __________(invent). 8. What language __________(speak) in Japan ? 9. A new bride _____________(build) this time last year. 10. The doctor said Jim must ___________(operate) on at once. 11. A lot of trees ______________(plant) along the river in the following two years. 12. A lot of tall buildings _____________(set up) since last year.
一般将来时的被动语态
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态，现就其用法归纳如下： 一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成： 1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：主语+shall / will + be done。(shall 用于第一人称，will用于各种人称) 如：We shall / will be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。 The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。 2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：主语+shall / will + not + be done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如： The meeting won’t be held tomo rrow. 明天不再举行会议。 The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.
展览会将不会推迟到下周。 3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句句式：shall / will+主语+be done。（回答用yes或no）如： Won’t water be turned into ice, i f it is below freezing temperature? 如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗？ ---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will. ---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？---是的，立刻就完成。 4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ shall / will + 主语+ be done。如： When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版？ 二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成： 1．主语+be going to +be done Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
被动语态(2)
被动语态（2） 5. 带双宾语、带复合宾语的动词以及带表语的连系动词 带双宾语的动词： A 1). give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. (给某人某物) 2).offer sb sth= offer sth to sb (向某人主动提供某物) 3).hand/ pass sb sth = hand / pass sth to sb (递给某人某物) 4).tell sb sth =tell sth to sb (告诉某人某事) 5).write sb. sth = write sth to sb (给某人写封信) 6).show sb sth = show sth. to sb (给某人看某物) 7).post sb. Sth. = post sth. to sb. (给某人邮寄某物) 8).promise sb. Sth. = promise sth. to sb. (答应某人某事) 9).sell sb. Sth. = sell sth. to sb. (卖某物给某人) 10).send sb. Sth. = send sth. to sb. (送（寄给）给他一件礼物) 11).return sb. Sth. = return sth. to sb. (还给某人某物) 12).teach them a song (教某人一首歌) 13).read sb. letter = read a letter to sb. (给他读一封信) 14).wish sb. good luck.(祝愿某人交好运) 15). bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物给某人带来 16). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人 17). supply sb sth.=supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物 B 1).buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. for sb. (给某人买某物) 2).draw sb. a picture = draw a picture for sb. (给某人画画) 3).make him a cake = make a cake for him (给他们做蛋糕) 4).sing him a song = sing a song for him (给他唱首歌) 5).provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物
动词被动语态讲解
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
英语语法：被动语态的用法
英语语法：被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去 分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分 词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建 一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动 词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自 行车。
They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done
被动语态2
被动语态2 I. 主动语态转换成被动语态时应注意的一些结构： 1. 双宾语结构（主语+谓语+间宾+直宾） He gave me a pen. 1)I was given a pen. (用主动句中的间宾作主语) 2) A pen was given to me. (用主动句中的直宾作主语---注意：这种改法需要添加介词) He showed me some photos. 1) I was shown some photos. 2) Some photos were shown to me. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： They lent me some money. She bought them some apples. Father has told us the story. 2. 宾补结构(主语+谓语+宾语+补语) 2.1 现在分词作宾补： We found him lying in bed. He was found lying in bed. I saw John watching TV in his room. John was seen watching TV in his room. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： Someone saw David playing football at the playground. Someone found Jimmy dating with a pretty girl. 2.2 不定式作宾补： The teacher encouraged us to work hard at English. We were encouraged to work hard at English. The policeman didn’t allow the driver to park his car there. The driver wasn’t allowed to park his car there. 请仿照例子改写以下的句子： Jim’s parents asked him to clean the kitchen. The school authority requests the students to wear school uniforms. The company required the candidates to present themselves 15 minutes before the interview begins.
英语被动语态用法详解(1)
英语被动语态用法详解(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A．is repaired B．is being repaired C．was repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 4．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front________to arrive. A．will be expected B．is expecting C．expects D．is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
被动语态讲解
被动语态注意问题 ⑴含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。 例：①Mother often makes me do homework. →I am often made to do homework by mother. ⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例： ①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book. →I was given a book by her. →A book was given to me by her. ②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me. →I was bought a MP3 by my father. →A MP3 was bought for me by my father. [3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变） 例：①We call him Xiao Ming. 主谓宾宾补 →Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us. ②He found the novel very interesting. →The novel was found very interesting by him. [4] 没有被动语态的动词： 1. 没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)
初中英语语法：被动语态
初中英语语法：被动语态 概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。 构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成； 助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化； 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？ 用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。
被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格 变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执 行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变 为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟 不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .
被动语态2
句容二中被动语态专项练习二 一、把下列句子变为被动语态（20分） 1. People speak English in many countries. 2．He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble. 3．We saw a bus running towards us at that time 4.We heard her sing at the party last Sunday. 5.You must take good care of the children. 6.He wrote a book on computers. 7.We planted millions of trees last year. 8.She told me about it just now. 9.They are preparing for the exam. 10.People may use English everywhere in the world. 二、选择填空（32分） ()1.The strange thing was used ______ wine（酒）by ancient（古代的）people. A.for drink B.to drink C.drinking D.drinked ()2.Today,too many trees are still _____ in the world. A.cutting down B.cut down C.being cut down D.cutted down ()3.English _____ in many countries,but Chinese _____ their own languages. A.is spoken,speaks B.speaks,is spoken C.is spoken,speaken D.is spoken,is spoken ()4.This kind of apple ______ in Jinzhou. A.is grown B.grow C.grew D.are grown ()5.These young trees must ______ after well. A.look B.looks after C.be looked D.looked ()6.My coat is made _____ cool（羊毛）and silk. A.to B.for C.from D.of ()7.Our teacher was seen ______ to the office a moment ago. A.go B.to go C.going D.goes ()8.The Oxford Castle（城堡）_____ by Henry·H(1154-1189).It is in very good condition now. A.built B.was built C.has been built D.is built ()9.Ice can be _____ water.
被动语态一
、将下列句子变为被动语态 1. They will build a road here. 2. My father is mending my bike now. 3. What did you say at the meeting? 4. We must finish our homework first. 5.Shall we water the flowers? 6. People often see her read in the open air. 7. My mother bought me a new pair of shoes. 8. Did he break the window? 9. We should take good care of the trees. 10. T he children don ' t play basketball well. 二、单项选择 1. ____________________________ Thousands of trees every day. A. are cut down B. are being cut down C. have been cut down D. had been cut down 2. _______________ Football in most middle schools in many countries. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played 3. He a warm welcome at the station. A. was given B. gave C. was giving D. has given 4. _______________ The room again tomorrow afternoon. A. will be cleaned B. will clean C. is cleaned D. cleans 5. _________________________ All the answers already. A. have been found out B. have found out C. are found out were found out D. 6. _________________________ A dinosaur show at the museum next week. A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold 7. _________________________ The Great Wall all over the world. A. are known B. is known C. will be known D. knows 8. _________________ The bird fly away yesterday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. was let to 9. Water ____ into ice under 0C. A. will change B. can be changed C. should change D. must be changed
语法知识—被动语态的真题汇编及解析
一、选择题 1．—Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday? —Because I________. A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited 2．My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young. A．teaches B．is taught C．was teaching D．was taught 3．Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A．wasted B．are wasted C．is wasted D．was wasted 4．Think carefully before deciding who ________. A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite 5．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 6．A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A．build B．will build C．will be built 7．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 8．Fenghua teaching building _______ 17 years ago. A．built B．is built C．builds D．was built 9．Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A．finish B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished 10．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 11．-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A．would expect to do B．was expected to do C．has expected doing D．is expected doing 12．Young trees ________ every year to keep the sand away from the city and make the environment better and better. A．were planted B．have planted C．will plant D．are planted 13．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 14．This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A．sells; sells B．is sold; sells C．sells; is sold D．is sold; is sold 15．In the future, more and more high-speed railways ________ in China.
英语语法被动语态归纳总结
英语语法被动语态归纳总结 一、单项选择被动语态 Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.1．was being repaidBAwill be repaid ．．was repaidDChas been repaid ．．A【答案】【解析】later in life意为在以后的生活试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语that you do nownow在句中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的混淆，the hard work的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担中充当A。心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选考点：考查时态辨析。 2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the ．bird flu virus.had been confirmedconfirmed BA．．have confirmedDCwas confirmed ．．C【答案】【解析】2014H7N9年，当时，一名女性被确诊感病毒的报告发生在试题分析：句意：一例人感染was reported in 2014Confirm可知，是过去的事情，先行染了禽流感。证实，确认，根据confirmwoman2014BD是动宾关系，即她、与词是，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除；C。是被确诊的，故选考点：考查时态与被动语态 3()The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of 江苏四校第四次考试．the missing________shortly.have been publishedBAwill be published ．．are publishedChad been published D．．A【答案】【解析】shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来考查时态。时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。A答案： The affairs of each country should be by its own people.4．settledAelected B．．containedCdeveloped D．．B【答案】． settle，【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选Bcontain electdevelop “”。选举；。意为包含，控制。故选解决发展； Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—5．Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.—has been sentwas sent BA．．would be senthad been sent DC．．B【答案】——Peterson——很【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？ZimbabweUncle Peterson被派到去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时Bhesend选项正确。和之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，态。且主语 6The singer's music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four ．weeks ago.has viewedBAviewed ．．has been viewedCwas viewed D．．D【答案】【解析】B. was viewedA. viewed过去式的被试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。，一般过去式；D. has been viewedC. has viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：，现在完成式；动语态；9百自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近music videosincehas done 是被从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时万次。形式，又因D。访问的，故要用被动语态。故选考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。 7Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth ．_________very well.had been told; washedBAhas been told; washes ．．had been told; was washedDCwas told; was washed ．．B【答案】【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语故用过去完成时。像: washed随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告态，结合前面时态可知，应选。句意B。诉她那种布很好洗。故选
二.被动语态
?.被动语态 动词语态（Voice）是表示动词主语与动词所表示的动作之间关系的?种动词形式。动词语态有两种：主动语态（T he Act ive Voice）和被动语态（T he Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执?者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。动词被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成。 ? 能?于被动语态的动词特征 1．只有及物动词才能?于被动语态。例如： T he poem was writ t en by him. 这?诗是他写的。 A new element has been discovered by t he scient ist. ?个新元素已被这位科学家发现。2．注意某些及物动词语态的正确使? （1）表示情感的动词 excit e 使…激动，int erest 使…产?兴趣，sat isfy 使…满意，delight 使…?兴，please 使…?兴，ast onish使…惊奇，puzzle 使…困惑，confuse 使…糊涂，embarrass 使…尴尬，annoy 使…不悦，amaze 使…惊异，等。 例如： T he news excit ed us. 消息使我们激动。 We were excit ed at t he news. 听到消息我们很激动。 T he int erview sat is?ed t he manager. 访谈使经理满意。 T he manager was sat is?ed wit h t he int erview. 经理对访谈很满意。 （2）表示受伤的动词hurt, injure, wound。例如： T he driver hurt himself in t he accident. T he driver was hurt in t he accident. 驾驶员在事故中受伤。 T he bullet wounded his back. He was wounded in t he back. 他背部被?弹打伤。 （3）其他动词如base 以…为基础，line 沿…排列，?ll 使…充满，separat e 使…分离，crowd 塞满，cover 覆盖，等。例如： He based his ?lm on a t rue st ory. His ?lm was based on a t rue st ory. 他的影?以?个真实故事为基础。 Green t rees line t he highway. T he highway is lined wit h green t rees. 绿树沿公路排列。 She covered t he ?oor wit h a red carpet. T he ?oor was covered wit h a red carpet. 地板上铺着红地毯。 T he st rait separat es t he island from t he mainland. T he island is separat ed from t he mainland by t he st rait. 海峡把岛和?陆隔开。 ? 不能?于被动语态的动词特征 1．不及物动词不能?作被动语态