万圣节的中文资料

万圣节的中文资料
万圣节的中文资料

万圣节的中文资料

万圣节习俗一:糖果

万圣夜晚上小孩子和青少年都会化妆成鬼怪沿街要糖果,因此各种糖果也算是应景食品的一种,这时候商店里卖的糖果较受欢迎的是各种鬼怪造型的糖、和以万圣夜常见的橘色、棕色或黑色为包装的糖。

万圣节习俗二:太妃糖

由于万圣夜临近苹果的丰收期,太妃糖苹果(toffeeapples)成为应节食品。制法是把苹果插上竹签,然后手持竹签把苹果放在太妃糖浆中转动,有时会再粘上果仁。

万圣节习俗三:南瓜派

南瓜派是万圣夜的节庆食品,特别是在美国。南瓜派是美国南方的深秋到初冬的传统家常点心,平常就有在吃,特别在万圣夜的前后,成为一种应景的食物。另外烘乾的南瓜子也是常被当做万圣夜的食品。

万圣节习俗四:“不给糖就捣乱”(“Trickortreat”)

一种认为,这个节日起源于基督教诞生前的古西欧国家中的德鲁伊特人。德鲁伊特的新年在十一月一日,新年前夜,德鲁伊特人让年轻人集队,戴着各种怪异面具,拎着刻好的萝卜灯(南瓜灯是后期习俗,古西欧最早没有南瓜),他们游走于村落间。

这在当时实则为一种秋收的庆典;也有说是“鬼节”,传说当年死去的人,灵魂会在万圣节的前夜造访人世,据说人们应该让造访的鬼魂看到圆满的收成并对鬼魂呈现出丰盛的款待。所有篝火及灯火,一来为了吓走鬼魂,同时也为鬼魂照亮路线,引导其回归。

第二种认为这个节日来源于天主教会。两千多年前,欧洲的天主教会把11月1日定为“天下圣徒之日”(ALLHALLOWSDAY)。

“HALLOW”即圣徒之意。传说自公元前五百年,居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的凯尔特人把这节日往前移了一天,即10月31日。

他们认为该日是夏天正式结束的日子,也就是新年伊始,严酷的冬季开始的一天。那时人们相信,故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻生灵,借此再生,而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯一希望。而活着的人则惧怕死魂来夺生,于是人们就在这一天熄掉炉火、烛光,让死魂无法找寻活人,又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人之魂灵吓走。之后,他们又会把火种烛光重新燃起,开始新的一年的生活。传说那时凯尔特人部落还有在10月31日把活人杀死用以祭奠死人的习俗。

第三种说法也和凯尔特人有关。凯尔特人(Celtic)相信太阳神帮助他们种植农作物。但是,每年太阳神都会被一个名叫Samhain的邪恶力量攻击并被囚禁六个月。凯尔特人非常害怕10月31日的夜晚,因为他们觉得这晚,有一堆邪恶灵魂潜伏在任何地方。

他们相信是邪恶力量Samhain把死人叫出来的,还相信Samhain 会把死人变为其他东西,好像猫。凯尔特人会在家生起火、装着可怕的伪装来把邪恶灵魂赶走。后罗马占领了凯尔特人的土地,把罗马的节日和凯尔特人10月31日的Samhain祭典合在一起,成了现在的万圣节。

2017万圣节中英文主持稿

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