2011-2017高考英语语法填空真题及答案

历年高考语法填空真题

1.（2017 全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side62(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that

we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As65result, people will eat

more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even66(bad),the amount of

fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food67(be) full of fat and salt; by68(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心 ) between meals

and will improve the taste of your food. However, be69(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,70is not good for the health.

2.（2017 全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as

they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant

for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.

Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels隧(道） , which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most

___70___(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and

bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

3.（2017 全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day 62as __________ model in New York.

Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah,64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her66_________ (educate).

She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on

her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a

degree 68___________ engineering or architecture.

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school69 ___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."

4. （2016 全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确

形式。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia?s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But

for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61____(attract).

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be

__63_________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_________ I was the first Western TV reporter__66_______ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67______(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68____ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69______( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.

5. （2016 全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确

形式。

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of61___ ____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so

you'll feel a real sense of62 ________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow63 ___(be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get

an early start and try to be as productive 65_____ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent66(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks

67 ______ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for68while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely69_____ (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70_______ (make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

6. （2016 全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的

正确形式。

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “ ricebowl ”cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might

42(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43________ (create)special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in

large pots, 44 ____________ (use) twigs(树枝 ) to remove it. Over time, 45the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces

could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,47_____________-lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48________(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and49___________ (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat

50____________their hands.

7. （2015 全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确

形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。

Yangshuo, China

It was raining lightly when I__61______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn?t care.

A few hours__62_____, I?d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_____ (it) choking smog. Here,

the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

I?d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops

and dark waters of the Li River_64________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

_65_______(painting). Instead, I?d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it?s

only an hour away__66____________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

Yangshuo__67________(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_____________(conduct)

by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69___________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70____________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

8. （2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的

正确形式。

The adobe dwellings (土坯房 )61 ______（ build） by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even62 ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63______ (able) to“ air condition ” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat

from the sun on hot days and give out that heat65 ________( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough66_______ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67_______________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle68 ___________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消 )

for the outside temperatures. As69 __________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70 _________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

9. （2014 全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内

单词的正确形式。

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it

____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn?t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of

work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid

off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your

family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don?t know how to control your credit card use. When

you face such an impossible situation ,don?t you want a quick fix and something to change

immediately?

While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us

the___69_______(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a

polluted river. Just be70 _________ (patience)

10. （2014 全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词

的正确形式。

One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.

There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and

___43__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next

____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch )

my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passengerbehind me

shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy

kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we

came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the

driver stood up and asked,“ ____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A wom shouted, “ Oh, dear!,sIt____49___ (I )” . She pushed her way to theiverdrand took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of

strangers 50 ________(sudden) became friendly to one another.

11.2014 年广东卷

第二节语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词

或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25 的相应位置上。

Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been

there before said 16 _____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had

planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_________(tell)that our

rooms hadn?t been reserved for hat week, 19_____ for the week after. I didn?t understand 20____

this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21______ the reservation. What?s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out.

She was 22_____(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on

23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren?t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24________ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25_____(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn?t mind.

12. 2014 年辽宁卷

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jonny: Hey! I?m just practicing Tai Chi(太极 ). Would you like to join me?

Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?

Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.

Peter: OK. Don?t laugh61me. I may look funny.

Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and

don?t let your body shake.

Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63(pain).

Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility.

Raise your leg and let 65stay in the air for seconds.

Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.

Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi66(call)“ shadow boxi n gEnglish”. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the

strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to

beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!

Peter: Unbelievable! Oh...,69 you don?t mind, I?ll stop and take a deep 70.

13. 2013 年广东卷

One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 16 _______(find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“ Go to the and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17too little.”

His son looked surprised.“ I can understand why I shouldn?t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 ______not save a bit of money?”

“ That would be a very19_______ (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small

village like ours,” Nick said.

Nick?s guests,20 _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“ The only reason a man would21 sell salt a lower

price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that

situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 _________the sweat and struggle of the man who

worked very hard to produce it.”

“ But such a small thing couldn?t23________ (possible) destroy a village.”

“ In the beginning, there was only 24 ______ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but

everyone added a little, always 25 _________(think) that it was only small and not very

important ,and look where we have ended up today.”

14. 2012 年广东卷

第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题 1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词

或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16-25 的相应位置上。

Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day,

16______ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17 __________ (buy) the school, And the word

quickly got around that he was from New York City.

For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt18 _________ (please), because there were

many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn?t her, it was probably the fact

that she sat in 19 ______________ last row.

20 ____________ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong. It

might have made it a little21 ___________( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn?t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they

had to look at Mary,22 _____________ made her feel like a star.

“ Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook head. ” Then I?d appreciate it if you didn?t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I?m speaking to you. ” The new boy looked at the teacher 23 ______ a few seconds and all the other

students wondered 24 _______________ the boy would do. Then he took25 ___________ off,

gave a big smile and said“ That is cool.”

15. 2011年广东卷

第二节语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词

或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25 的相应位置上。

One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment16 ______ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me

17 _______ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man

18___ (sit) at the front. He19 _________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.

He must be20 __________(mental) disabled.

Behind him were other people to 21 _____________ he was trying to talk, but after some

minutes22_______walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

I didn?t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn?t like leaving him23________

his own either.

After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 _________ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and

I felt very happy the rest of the way home.

I?m glad I made a choice. It made 25 ____________ of us feel good.

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