卧式钢筋切断机外文翻译概要

毕业设计（外文翻译）

英文题目Electromechanical integration

technology and its application

中文题目机电一体化技术及其应用研究

系（院）机电工程系

专业机械设计制造及其自动化

学生姓名

学号

指导教师

职称助教

二〇一四年四月

Electromechanical Integration Technology and Its

Application

1. An electromechanical integration technology development

Mechatronics is the machinery, micro-, control, aircraft, information processing, and other cross-disciplinary integration, and its development and progress depends on the progress of technology and development, the main direction of development of a digital, intelligent, modular, and human nature , miniaturization, integration, with source and green.

1.1 Digital

Microcontroller and the development of a number of mechanical and electrical products of the base, such as the continuous development of CNC machine tools and robots, and the rapid rise of the computer network for the digital design and manufacturing paved the way for, such as virtual design and computer integrated manufacturing. Digital request electromechanical integration software products with high reliability, easy operability, maintainability, self-diagnostic capabilities, and friendly man-machine interface. Digital will facilitate the realization of long-distance operation, diagnosis and repair.

1.2Intelligent

Mechanical and electrical products that require a certain degree of intelligence, it is similar to the logical thinking, reasoning judgement, autonomous decision-making capabilities. For example, in the CNC machine increase interactive features, set up Intelligent I / O interface and intelligent database technology, will use, operation and maintenance of bring great convenience. With fuzzy control, neural network, gray, wavelet theory, chaos and bifurcation, such as artificial intelligence and technological progress and development and the development of mechanical and electrical integration technology has opened up a vast world.

1.3 Modular

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

As electromechanical integration products and manufacturers wide variety of research and development of a standard mechanical interface, dynamic interface, the environment interface modules electromechanical integration products is a complex and promising work. If the development is set to slow down. VVVF integrated motor drive unit with vision, image processing, identification and location of the motor functions, such as integrated control unit. Thus, in product development, design, we can use these standards modular unit quickly develop new products.

1.4 Network

As the popularity of the network, network-based remote control and monitoring of various technical ascendant. The remote control device itself is the integration of mechanical and electrical products, fieldbus technology to household appliances and LAN network possible, use a home network to connect various home appliances into a computer as the center of computer integrated appliances system, so that people in the home can be full enjoyment of the benefits of various high-tech, therefore, electromechanical integration products should be no doubt North Korea networks.

1.5 Humanity

Electromechanical integration of the end-use product is targeted, how to give people electromechanical integration of intelligent products, emotion and humanity is becoming more and more important, electromechanical integration products in addition to improving performance, it also urged the color, shape and so on and environmental coordination, the use of these products, or for a person to enjoy, such as home robot is the highest state of human-machine integration.

1.6 Miniaturization

Micro-fine processing technology is a necessity in the development, but also the need to improve efficiency. MEMS (Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems, or MEMS) refers to quantities can be produced by the micro-collection agencies, micro-sensors, micro actuators and signal processing and control circuit until interface, communication and power is one of the micro-devices or systems . Since 1986 the United States at Stanford University developed the first medical microprobe, 1988 at

the University of California, Berkeley developed the first micro-motor, both at home and abroad in MEMS technology, materials and micro-mechanism much progress has been made, the development of all sorts MEMS devices and systems, such as the various micro-sensors (pressure sensors, micro-accelerometer, micro-tactile sensor), various micro-component (micro-film, micro-beam, microprobes, micro-link, micro-gear, micro-bearings, micro-pump , microcoil and micro-robot, etc.).

1.7 Integration

Integration includes a mutual penetration of various technologies, and integration of various products of different structural optimization and composite, and included in the production process at the same time processing, assembly, testing, management, and other processes. In order to achieve more variety, small batch production of automation and high efficiency, the system should have a more extensive flexible. First system can be divided into several levels, allowing the system to function dispersed, and security and coordination with other parts of the operation, and then through software and hardware at various levels will be organically linked to its optimal performance, the most powerful.

1.8 With source of

Electromechanical integration refers to the product itself with energy, such as solar cells, fuel cells and large-capacity battery. As on many occasions not be able to use electricity, which campaigns for the mechanical and electrical integration products, has a unique power source comes with the benefits. Sources with the integration of mechanical and electrical product development direction of.

1.9 Green

The development of technology in people's lives brought great changes in the material at the same time has also brought rich resources, deterioration of the ecological environment consequences. Therefore, people calling for the protection of the environment, regression, and achieving sustainable development in the concept of green products such calls have emerged. Green products is low-power, low-wood

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

consumption, clean, comfortable, coordination and utilization of renewable products. In its design, manufacture, use and destruction of human beings should be in line with environmental protection and health requirements, electromechanical integration of green products is mainly refers to the use of time is not pollute the ecological environment, at the end of product life, and regeneration of decomposition products.

2.electromechanical integration in the application of technology in the iron and steel

In the iron and steel enterprises, the integration of mechanical and electrical systems are at the core microprocessor, the computer, industrial computer, data communications, display devices, meters and the combination of technologies such as organic, assembled by the merger means for the realization of a large-scale integrated system create conditions for effective integration, enhanced system control precision, quality and reliability. Electromechanical integration technology in the iron and steel enterprises in the mainly used in the following areas.

2.1 Intelligent Control Technology (IC)

As a large-scale iron and steel, high-speed continuous and the characteristics of the traditional control technologies encountered insurmountable difficulties, it is necessary to adopt very intelligent control technology. Control technologies include intelligent expert system, neural and fuzzy control, intelligent control techniques in steel product design, manufacturing, control, product quality and diagnostic equipment, and other aspects, such as blast furnace control system, electric furnace and continuous casting plant, steel rolling system , steelmaking - Casting integrated scheduling system - rolling, cold rolling, etc..

2.2 Distributed Control System (DCS)

Distributed control system uses a central command for the control of a number of Taiwan-site monitoring and intelligent computer control unit. Distributed control systems can be two, three or more levels. Using computers to concentrate on the production process monitoring, operation, management and decentralized control.

With monitoring and control technologies, and the functions of distributed control system more and more. Not only can be achieved control of the production process, but also can be achieved online optimization, the production process real-time scheduling, production planning statistical management functions, as a measurement, control, integration of the integrated system. DCS control functions with diverse features and easy operation, the system can be extended, easy maintenance and high reliability characteristics. DCS is decentralized and centralized control monitoring, fault-minor, and the system has the chain protection features, the use of manual control system failure operational measures, the system is highly reliable. Distributed control system and centralized control system compared to their more functional, with a higher level of security. Is the large-scale integration of mechanical and electrical systems main trend.

2.3 Open Control System (OCS)

Open Control System (Open Control System) is the development of computer technology led by the new structure concept. "Open" means a standard for the exchange of information in order consensus and support this standard design systems, different manufacturers products can be compatible and interoperable, and the sharing of resources. Industrial control systems through open communication network so that all control equipment, management, computer interconnections, to achieve control and management, administration, integrated decision-making, through fieldbus to the scene and control room instrumentation control equipment interconnected to achieve integrated measurement and control of.

2.4 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)

CIMS is the iron and steel enterprises will be and the production and operation, production management and process control connecting to achieve from raw materials into the plant, production and processing of shipments to the entire production process and the overall integration process control. Currently iron and steel enterprises have basically achieved process automation, but this kind of "automated island" of single automation lack of information resources and the sharing of the unified management

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

of the production process, can hardly meet the requirements of the iron and steel production. Future competition iron and steel enterprises is the focus of many varieties, small batch production, cheap and of good quality, timely delivery of goods. In order to improve productivity, saving energy, reducing staff and the existing inventory, accelerate cash flow, production, operation and management of the overall optimization, the key is to strengthen the management, access to the benefits of raising the competitiveness of businesses. The United States, Japan and some other large-scale iron and steel enterprises in the 1980s has been widely realization of CIMS.

2.5 Fieldbus Technology (FBT)

Fieldbus Technology (Fied Bus Technology) is the connection settings in the field of instrumentation installed in the control room and control devices for digital, bi-directional, multi-station communication link. Fieldbus technology used to replace the existing signal transmission technology (such as 4 to 20 mA, DC DC transmission), it will enable more information in the field of Intelligent Instrumentation devices and higher-level control system in the joint between the communications media on the two-way transmission. Fieldbus connection can be through save 66% or more on-site signal connecting wires. Fieldbus lead to the introduction of the reform and the new generation of DCS around open fieldbus automation system of instruments, such as intelligent transmitter, intelligent, fieldbus detection instruments, fieldbus of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) local control stations and field development.

2.6 AC drive technology

Transmission technology in the iron and steel industry plays a crucial role. With power technology and the development of microelectronics technology, the development of AC variable speed very quickly. The AC drive to the advantages of electric drive technology in the near future from AC drive completely replace DC transmission, the development of digital technology, complex vector control technologies to achieve practical, AC variable speed system speed and performance

has reached more than DC converter level. Now whether small or large-capacity electrical motor capacity synchronous motor can be used to achieve reversible induction motor or smoothing governor. AC drive system in the production of steel rolling emerged as a welcome users, applications continues to expand.

机电一体化技术及其应用研究

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

1.机电一体化技术发展

机电一体化是机械、微、控制、机、信息处理等多学科的交叉融合，其发展和进步有赖于相关技术的进步与发展，其主要发展方向有数字化、智能化、模块化、化、人性化、微型化、集成化、带源化和绿色化。

1.1 数字化

微控制器及其发展奠定了机电产品数字化的基础，如不断发展的数控机床和机器人；而计算机网络的迅速崛起，为数字化设计与制造铺平了道路，如虚拟设计、计算机集成制造等。数字化要求机电一体化产品的软件具有高可靠性、易操作性、可维护性、自诊断能力以及友好人机界面。数字化的实现将便于远程操作、诊断和修复。

1.2 智能化

即要求机电产品有一定的智能,使它具有类似人的逻辑思考、判断推理、自主决策等能力。例如在CNC数控机床上增加人机对话功能，设置智能I/O接口和智能工艺数据库，会给使用、操作和维护带来极大的方便。随着模糊控制、神经网络、灰色、小波理论、混沌与分岔等人工智能技术的进步与发展，为机电一体化技术发展开辟了广阔天地。

1.3 模块化

由于机电一体化产品种类和生产厂家繁多，研制和开发具有标准机械接口、动力接口、环境接口的机电一体化产品单元模块是一项复杂而有前途的工作。如研制具有集减速、变频调速电机一体的动力驱动单元；具有视觉、图像处理、识别和测距等功能的电机一体控制单元等。这样，在产品开发设计时，可以利用这些标准模块化单元迅速开发出新的产品。

1.4 网络化

由于网络的普及，基于网络的各种远程控制和监视技术方兴未艾。而远程控制的终端设备本身就是机电一体化产品，现场总线和局域网技术使家用电器网络化成为可能，利用家庭网络把各种家用电器连接成以计算机为中心的计算机集成家用电器系统，使人们在家里可充分享受各种高技术带来的好处，因此，机电一体化产品无疑应朝网络化方向发展。

1.5 人性化

机电一体化产品的最终使用对象是人，如何给机电一体化产品赋予人的智能、情感和人性显得愈来愈重要，机电一体化产品除了完善的性能外，还要求在色彩、造型等方面与环境相协调，使用这些产品，对人来说还是一种享受，如家用机器人的最高境界就是人机一体化。

1.6 微型化

微型化是精细加工技术发展的必然，也是提高效率的需要。微机电系统(Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems，简称MEMS)是指可批量制作的，集微型机构、微型传感器、微型执行器以及信号处理和控制电路，直至接口、通信和电源等于一体的微型器件或系统。自1986年美国斯坦福大学研制出第一个医用微探针，1988年美国加州大学Berkeley分校研制出第一个微电机以来，国内外在MEMS工艺、材料以及微观机理方面取得了很大进展，开发出各种MEMS器件和系统，如各种微型传感器（压力传感器、微加速度计、微触觉传感器），各种微构件（微膜、微粱、微探针、微连杆、微齿轮、微轴承、微泵、微弹簧以及微机器人等）。

1.7 集成化

集成化既包含各种技术的相互渗透、相互融合和各种产品不同结构的优化与复合，又包含在生产过程中同时处理加工、装配、检测、管理等多种工序。为了实现多品种、小批量生产的自动化与高效率，应使系统具有更广泛的柔性。首先可将系统分解为若干层次，使系统功能分散，并使各部分协调而又安全地运转，然后再通过软、硬件将各个层次有机地联系起来，使其性能最优、功能最强。

1.8 带源化

是指机电一体化产品自身带有能源，如太阳能电池、燃料电池和大容量电池。由于在许多场合无法使用电能，因而对于运动的机电一体化产品，自带动力源具有独特的好处。带源化是机电一体化产品的发展方向之一。

1.9 绿色化

技术的发展给人们的生活带来巨大变化，在物质丰富的同时也带来资源减少、生态环境恶化的后果。所以，人们呼唤保护环境，回归，实现可持续发展，

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

绿色产品概念在这种呼声中应运而生。绿色产品是指低能耗、低材耗、低污染、舒适、协调而可再生利用的产品。在其设计、制造、使用和销毁时应符合环保和人类健康的要求，机电一体化产品的绿色化主要是指在其使用时不污染生态环境，产品寿命结束时，产品可分解和再生利用。

2.机电一体化技术在钢铁中应用

在钢铁企业中，机电一体化系统是以微处理机为核心，把微机、工控机、数据通讯、显示装置、仪表等技术有机的结合起来，采用组装合并方式，为实现工程大系统的综合一体化创造有力条件，增强系统控制精度、质量和可靠性。机电一体化技术在钢铁企业中主要应用于以下几个方面：

2.1 智能化控制技术(IC)

由于钢铁具有大型化、高速化和连续化的特点，传统的控制技术遇到了难以克服的困难，因此非常有必要采用智能控制技术。智能控制技术主要包括专家系统、模糊控制和神经等，智能控制技术广泛于钢铁的产品设计、生产、控制、设备与产品质量诊断等各个方面，如高炉控制系统、电炉和连铸车间、轧钢系统、炼钢———连铸———轧钢综合调度系统、冷连轧等。

2.2 分布式控制系统(DCS)

分布式控制系统采用一台中央机指挥若干台面向控制的现场测控计算机和智能控制单元。分布式控制系统可以是两级的、三级的或更多级的。利用计算机对生产过程进行集中监视、操作、管理和分散控制。随着测控技术的，分布式控制系统的功能越来越多。不仅可以实现生产过程控制，而且还可以实现在线最优化、生产过程实时调度、生产计划统计管理功能，成为一种测、控、管一体化的综合系统。DCS具有特点控制功能多样化、操作简便、系统可以扩展、维护方便、可靠性高等特点。DCS是监视集中控制分散，故障面小，而且系统具有连锁保护功能，采用了系统故障人工手动控制操作措施，使系统可靠性高。分布式控制系统与集中型控制系统相比，其功能更强，具有更高的安全性。是当前大型机电一体化系统的主要潮流。

2.3 开放式控制系统(OCS)

开放控制系统(Open Control System)是计算机技术发展所引出的新的结构

体系概念。“开放”意味着对一种标准的信息交换规程的共识和支持，按此标准设计的系统，可以实现不同厂家产品的兼容和互换，且资源共享。开放控制系统通过工业通信网络使各种控制设备、管理计算机互联，实现控制与经营、管理、决策的集成，通过现场总线使现场仪表与控制室的控制设备互联，实现测量与控制一体化。

2.4 计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)

钢铁企业的CIMS是将人与生产经营、生产管理以及过程控制连成一体，用以实现从原料进厂，生产加工到产品发货的整个生产过程全局和过程一体化控制。目前钢铁企业已基本实现了过程自动化，但这种“自动化孤岛”式的单机自动化缺乏信息资源的共享和生产过程的统一管理，难以适应钢铁生产的要求。未来钢铁企业竞争的焦点是多品种、小批量生产，质优价廉，及时交货。为了提高生产率、节能降耗、减少人员及现有库存，加速资金周转，实现生产、经营、管理整体优化，关键就是加强管理，获取必须的效益，提高了企业的竞争力。美国、日本等一些大型钢铁企业在20世纪80年代已广泛实现CIMS化。

2.5 现场总线技术(FBT)

现场总线技术(Fied Bus Technology)是连接设置在现场的仪表与设置在控制室内的控制设备之间的数字式、双向、多站通信链路。采用现场总线技术取代现行的信号传输技术(如4～20mA，ＤC直流传输)就能使更多的信息在智能化现场仪表装置与更高一级的控制系统之间在共同的通信媒体上进行双向传送。通过现场总线连接可省去66%或更多的现场信号连接导线。现场总线的引入导致ＤCS 的变革和新一代围绕开放自动化系统的现场总线化仪表，如智能变送器、智能执行器、现场总线化检测仪表、现场总线化PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)和现场就地控制站等的发展。

2.6 交流传动技术

传动技术在钢铁工业中起作至关重要的作用。随着电力技术和微电子技术的发展，交流调速技术的发展非常迅速。由于交流传动的优越性，电气传动技术在不久的将来由交流传动全面取代直流传动，数字技术的发展，使复杂的矢量控制技术实用化得以实现，交流调速系统的调速性能已达到和超过直流调速水平。现

滨州学院本科毕业设计(外文翻译)

在无论大容量电机或中小容量电机都可以使用同步电机或异步电机实现可逆平滑调速。交流传动系统在轧钢生产中一出现就受到用户的欢迎，应用不断扩大。

钢筋切断机操作规程

钢筋切断机操作规程 1．接送料的工作台面应和切刀下部保持水平，工作台的长度可根据加工材料长度确定。 2．启动前，应检查并确认切刀无裂纹、刀架螺栓紧固、防护罩牢靠。然后用手转动皮带轮，检查齿轮啮合间隙，调整切刀间隙。 3．启动后，应先空运转，检查各传动部分及轴承运转正常后，方可作业。 4．机械未达到正常转速时，不得切料。切料时，应使用切刀的中、下部位，紧握钢筋对准刃口迅速投入，操作者应站在固定刀片一侧用力压住钢筋，应防止钢筋末端弹出伤人。严禁用两手分在刀片两边握住钢筋俯身送料。 5．不得剪切直径及强度超过机械铭牌规定的钢筋和烧红的钢筋。一次切断多根钢筋时，其总截面面积应在规定范围内。 6．剪切低合金钢时,应更换高硬度切刀，剪切直径应符合机械铭牌规定。 7．切断短料时，手和切刀之间的距离应保持在150mm以上，如手握端小于400mm时，应采用套管或夹具将钢筋短头压住或夹牢。 8．运转中，严禁用手直接清除切刀附近的断头和杂物。钢筋摆动周围和切刀周围，不得停留非操作人员。 9．当发现机械运转不正常、有异常响声或切刀歪斜时，应立即停机检修。 10．作业后，应切断电源，用钢刷清除切刀间的杂物，进行整机清洁润滑。 11．液压传动式切断机作业前，应检查并确认液压油位及电动机旋转方向符合要求。启动后，应空载运转，松开放油阀，排净液压缸体内的空气，方可进行切筋。 12．手动液压式切断机使用前，应将放油阀按顺时针方向旋紧，切割完毕后，应立即按逆时针方向旋松。作业中，手应持稳切断机，并戴好绝缘手套。

钢筋弯曲机安全技术操作规程 1：钢筋弯曲机操作人员必须经过专门培训，经过考试合格并取得特殊工种操作证后，方可单独操作机械。 2：钢筋弯曲机操作人员必须遵守各项规章制度，做到四懂三会（懂原理、懂构造、懂性能、懂用途、会操作、会维修、会排除故障）。 3：机械安装必须有机身接地线，电源不允许直接接在按钮上，应另装铁壳开关控制电源。 4：使用前检查机件是否齐全，所选用的动齿轮是否和所弯直径及转速符合。齿轮啮合间隙是否适当。固定铁镢是否紧密牢靠。以及检查转盘转向是否和倒吸开关方向一致。并按规定加注润滑油，检查电器设备绝缘及接地线有无破损，松动。并经过试运转，认为合格方可操作。 5：操作时应将钢筋需弯的一头安稳在转盘固定镢头的间隙内，另一端紧靠机身固定镢头，用一只手压紧，必须注意机身镢头确实安装在挡住钢筋的一侧，方可开动机器。 6：作业中，严禁更换芯轴，销子和弯换角度以及调速等作业，亦不得加油或清扫。 7：严禁弯曲超过机械铭牌规定直径的钢筋和吊装起索具用的吊钩。如弯曲未经冷却或带有绣皮的钢筋，必须戴好防护镜。弯曲低合金钢等非普通钢筋时，应按机械铭牌规定换算最大限制直径。 8：转盘倒向时，必须在前一种转向停止后，方许倒转。拨动开关时必须在中间停止档上等候停车，不得立即拨反方向档。运转中发现卡盘颤动，电动发热超过铭牌规定，均应立即断电停车检修。 9：弯曲钢筋的旋转半径内，和机身不设固定镢头的一侧不准站人。弯曲的半成品应码放整齐，弯钩一般不得上翘。 10：弯曲较长钢筋，应有专人帮扶钢筋，帮扶人员应按操作人员指挥手势进退，不得任意推送。 11：工作完毕应将工作场所及机身清扫干净，缝隙中的机锈应用手动鼓风机吹掉。禁止用手指抠挖。 12：认真填写机械运转记录。

外文翻译---混凝土,钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土

Concrete, Reinforced Concrete, and PrestressedConcrete Concrete is a stone like material obtained by permitting a carefully proportioned mixture of cement, sand and gravel or other aggregate, and water to harden in forms of the shape and dimensions of the desired structure. The bulk of the material consists of fine and coarse aggregate. Cement and water interact chemically to bind the aggregate particles into a solid mass. Additional water, over and above that needed for this chemical reaction, is necessary to give the mixture workability that enables it to fill the forms and surround the embedded reinforcing steel prior to hardening. Concretes with a wide range of properties can be obtained by appropriates adjustment of the proportions of the constituent materials. Special cements, special aggregates, and special curing methods permit an even wider variety of properties to be obtained. These properties depend to a very substantial degree on the proportions of the mix, on the thoroughness with which the various constituents are intermixed, and on the conditions of humidity and temperature in which the mix is maintained from the moment it is placed in the forms of humidity and hardened. The process of controlling conditions after placement is known as curing. To protect against the unintentional production of substandard concrete, a high degree of skillful control and supervision is necessary throughout the process, from the proportioning by weight of the individual components, trough mixing and placing, until the completion of curing. The factors that make concrete a universal building material are so pronounced that it has been used, in more primitive kinds and ways than at present, for thousands of years, starting with lime mortars from 12,000 to 600 B.C. in Crete, Cyprus, Greece, and the Middle East. The facility with which , while plastic, it can be deposited and made to fill forms or molds of almost any practical shape is one of these factors. Its high fire and weather resistance are evident advantages. Most of the constituent materials, with the exception of cement and additives, are usually available at low cost locally or at small distances from the construction site. Its compressive strength, like that of natural stones, is high, which makes it suitable for members primarily subject to compression, such as columns and arches. On the other hand, again as in natural stones, it is a relatively brittle material whose tensile strength is small compared with its compressive strength. This prevents its economical use in structural members that ate subject to tension either entirely or over part of their cross sections. To offset this limitation, it was found possible, in the second half of the

卧式钢筋切断机的设计开题报告

本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩毕业设计(论文)开题报告题目：卧式钢筋切断机的设计学生姓名：学号：020501120 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化指导教师： 20XX年4月16日

1 文献综述随着我国经济建设的迅猛发展，建筑市场呈现出前所未有的喜人景象。钢筋在建筑上应用非常广泛，它可以用作预制构件，钢筋混凝土和箍筋等。为此，需要钢筋切断机按所要求的钢筋的规格的长度将其切断。目前建筑工地使用的钢筋切断机虽能完成切断动作，但其执行机构没有考虑到对切刀运动规律和动力特性的要求，切刀工作过程中产生的冲击很大，切断效率较低。因此，有必要将现存的钢筋切断机加以改进，重新设计，以获得动态性能较好的钢筋切断机。 1.1 钢筋切断机的种类和特点经过几十年的发展，我国的建筑用钢筋切断机市场现已基本形成。目前，市场上生产和销售的钢筋切断机种类很多，根据设备组成的各工作机构特点可以按6 种方法进行分类，见表1 表１钢筋调直切断机的分类：

根据工作环境及任务要求，我初步选定锤击式切断方式、PLC控制电动机。 1.2 我国钢筋切断机的发展方向纵观我国建筑用钢筋切断机的总体水平，与国际上先进产品相比还是比较落后。主要表现在：企业生产规模小，产品的技术含量低，生产效率低下。大部分产品调直速度较低，钢筋的直线度不高，表面划伤较重。造成这种局面的主要原因在于，我国的建筑用钢筋切断机市场还没有真正形成，还处在地域及价格因素占主导位置的过渡阶段，尚未进入真正的市场竞争阶段。生产企业多而零散，且大都处在一种小而全、小而不全的状态，在这些生产企业中很难形成强大的技术投入在这种条件下，企业之间相互抄袭现象严重，很难找到拥有自主知识产权的产品，尚没有出现可以称得上领军式的企业。建筑用新Ⅲ级钢筋的推广使用为钢筋切断机的生产企业提供了广阔的发展空间。为此，许多企业投入大量资金，争相开发、研制适合新!级钢筋要求的高速、大直径钢筋切断机。在传统的调直模式和曲线辊式调直切断机中广泛采用的锤击式切断机构，长期以来一直存在连切的问题，被行业称之为老大难问题。多少年来，许多生产企业和使用单位为此伤透了脑筋，想尽了各种办法，始终没有彻底解决。随着专利技术“锤击式冲压及切断设备的零连切装置”的开发与应用，不仅彻底解决了锤击式切断机构的连切问题，而且调直度好，长度误差小，受到了新老户、特别是广大钢筋焊网企业的热烈欢迎。仅传统设备改造一项就为开发企业带来一大片市场。采用剪式切断机构的新型对辊式钢筋切断机的使用，不仅明显地降低了对冷、热轧带肋钢筋表面的伤，也使得钢筋的调直速度由过去的４０－６０m/min，提高到 90-120m/min、150m/min，甚至达到180m/min以上，直线度≤3mm/m，长度误差±2mm，完全可以和国外产品媲美。复合式（对辊+调直模式）钢筋切断机，不仅保持了传统产品（调直模式）调直度好的特点，同时也使对辊式调直机的优势得到了充分发挥，调直速度由过去的 30-50m/min 提高到80m/min。调直钢筋的范围也由φ5-10mm提高到φ14mm，直线度≤4‰，定尺精度≤10mm。在电气控制方面，众多企业纷纷淘汰传统的电气控制技术，竟相采用先进的PLC 式电脑控制，不仅使控制单元得到了简化，整机的运行更加稳定、可靠，维护更加简单，

钢筋切断机安全操作规程(最新版)

( 操作规程 ) 单位：_________________________ 姓名：_________________________ 日期：_________________________ 精品文档 / Word文档 / 文字可改钢筋切断机安全操作规程(最新版) Safety operating procedures refer to documents describing all aspects of work steps and operating procedures that comply with production safety laws and regulations.

钢筋切断机安全操作规程(最新版) 备注：安全操作规程表达的是根据物料性质、工艺流程、利用设备或工具进行生产工作时，就如何使用和材料准备，环境安全，质量保证等方面的工作步骤进行描述的文件和符合安全生产法律法规的操作程序。一、切断机四周应有足够的钢筋堆放场地。二、转动的部件应有防护罩。三、须检查刀片有无裂纹，刀片固定螺丝是否紧固。四、不准用两手分别握住钢筋的两端剪切，只准用手握住靠身边一端的钢筋上。五、工作时用双手握住钢筋，对准刀口，待上刀片下来觉得压手时，立即用力压住钢筋，防止尾端翘起伤人。六、禁止切断直径超过机械规定的钢筋和烧红的钢筋，多根钢筋同时切断时，必须换算钢筋的截面，及时调整刀片，以防止意外。七、切断低合金钢筋时，应换高硬度刀片。八、切断短料时，手握一端的长度不得小于４０ｃｍ，靠

近刀片手与刀片的距离，应保持在１５ｃｍ以上。九、切断较长钢筋时，应有专人帮扶钢筋，帮扶人与操作人动作一致，并听其指挥不得任意拖拉。十、机械运转中严禁用手清理刀口附近的杂物，现场禁止闲杂人员逗留。十一、发现刀片歪斜异常现象，应立即断电检修。云博创意设计 MzYunBo Creative Design Co., Ltd.

使用钢筋切断机的注意事项详细版

文件编号：GD/FS-2685 （管理制度范本系列）使用钢筋切断机的注意事项详细版 The Daily Operation Mode, It Includes All Implementation Items, And Acts To Regulate Individual Actions, Regulate Or Limit All Their Behaviors, And Finally Simplify The Management Process. 编辑：_________________ 单位：_________________ 日期：_________________

使用钢筋切断机的注意事项详细版提示语：本管理制度文件适合使用于日常的规则或运作模式中，包含所有的执行事项，并作用于规范个体行动，规范或限制其所有行为，最终实现简化管理过程，提高管理效率。，文档所展示内容即为所得，可在下载完成后直接进行编辑。 1．接送料的工作台面和切刀下部保持水平，工作台的长度可根据加工材料长度确定。 2 启动前，应检查并确认切刀无裂纹，刀架螺栓紧固，防护罩牢靠。然后用手转动皮带轮，检查齿轮啮合间隙，调整切刀间隙。 3 启动后，应先空运转，检查各传动部分及轴承运转正常后，方可作业。 4 机械未达到正常转速时，不得切料。切料时，应使用切刀的中下部位，紧握钢筋对准刃口迅速投入，操作者应站在固定刀片一侧用力压住钢筋，应防止钢筋末端弹出伤人。严禁用两手在刀片两边握住钢筋俯身送料。

5 不得剪切直径及强度超过机械铭牌规定的钢筋和烧红的钢筋。一次切断多根钢筋时，其总截面面积应在规定范围内。 6 剪切低合金钢时，应更换高硬度切刀，剪切直径应符合机械铭牌规定。 7 切断短料时，手和切刀之间的距离应保持150mm以上，如手握端小于400mm时，应采用套管或夹具将钢筋短头夹住或夹牢。 8 运转中，严禁用手直接清除切刀附近的断头和杂物。钢筋摆动周围和切刀周围不得停留非操作人员。已切断的钢筋堆放要整齐，防止切口突出，误踢割伤。 9 当发现机械运转不正常，有异响或切刀歪斜时，应立即停机检修。 10 作业后，应切断电源，用钢刷清除切刀间的

土木外文翻译--高温下钢筋混凝土中钢筋的性能

外文原文： Research Letters in Materials Science Volume 2008 (2008), Article ID 814137, 4 pages doi:10.1155/2008/814137 Research Letter Properties of Reinforced Concrete Steel Rebars Exposed to High Temperatures ?lker Bekir Top?u and Cenk Karakurt Department of Civil Engineering, Eski?ehir Osmangazi University, 26480 Eski?ehir, Turkey Received 12 February 2008; Accepted 31 March 2008 Academic Editor: Rajiv S. Mishra Copyright ? 2008 ?lker Bekir Top?u and Cenk Karakurt. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The deterioration of the mechanical properties of yield strength and modulus of elasticity is considered as the primary element affecting the performance of steel structures under fire. In this study, hot-rolled S220 and S420 reinforcement steel rebars were subjected to high temperatures to investigate the fire performance of these materials. It is aimed to determine the remaining mechanical properties of steel rebars after elevated temperatures. Steels were subjected to 20, 100, 200, 300, 500, 800, and 9 5 0 ° C temperatures for 3 hours and tensile tests were carried out. Effect of temperature on mechanical behavior of S220 and S420 were determined. All mechanical properties were reduced due to the temperature increase of the steel rebars. It is seen that mechanical properties of S420 steel was influenced more than S220 steel at elevated temperatures.

钢筋切断机操作规程

（1）操作前必须检查切断机刀口，确认安装正确，刀片无裂纹，刀架螺旋紧固，防护罩牢靠，然后手扳动皮带轮检查齿轮啮合间隙，调整刀刃间隙，空运转正常后再进行操作。（2）钢筋切断应在调直后进行，断料时要握紧钢筋。多根钢筋一次切断时，总截面积应在规定范围内。（3）切断钢筋，手与刀口的距离不得少于15cm。断短料手握端小于40cm时，应用套管或夹具将钢筋短头压住或夹住，严禁用手直接送料。（4）机械运转中严禁用手直接清除刀口附近的断头和杂物。在钢筋摆动范围内和刀口附近，非操作人员不得停留。（5）发现机械运转异常、刀片歪斜等，应立即停机检修。

（1）工作台和弯曲工作盘台应保持水平，操作前应检查芯轴、成型轴、挡铁轴、可变挡架有无裂纹或损坏防护罩、板牢固、待空运转正常后，方可作业。（2）操作时要熟悉定向开关控制工作盘旋转的方向，钢筋放置要和挡架、工作盘旋转方向相配合，不得反放。（3）改变工作盘旋转方向时必须在停机后进行，即从正转一停一反转，不得直接从一反转或从反转一正转。（4）弯曲机运转中严禁更换芯轴、成型轴和变换角度及调速，严禁在运转时加油或清扫。（5）弯曲钢筋时，严禁超过该机对钢筋直径、根数及机械转速的规定。 6）严禁在弯曲钢筋作业半径内和机身不设固定销的一侧站人。弯曲好的钢筋应堆放整齐，弯钩不得朝上。

对焊机操作规程（1）对焊机应有可靠的接零保护和漏电保护装置，多台对焊机并列安装时，间距不得小于3m，并应接在不同的相线上，有各自的控制开关。（2）作业前应进行检查，对焊机的压力机构应灵活，夹具必须牢固，气、液压系统应无泄漏，正常后方可施焊。（3）焊接前应根据所焊钢筋截面，调整二次电压，不得焊接超过对焊机规定直径的钢筋。（4）应定期磨光短路器上的接触点、电极，定期紧固二次电路全部连接螺栓，冷却水温度不得超过40℃。（5）焊接较长钢筋时应设置托架，焊接时必须防止火花烫伤其他人员。再现场焊接竖向柱钢筋时，焊接后应确保焊接牢固后再松开卡具，进行下道工序。

随时间变化的钢筋混凝土阻力分析外文翻译

随时间变化的钢筋混凝土阻力分析外文翻译 Prepared on 24 November 2020

毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系（部）：建筑工程系专业：土木工程班级： B070704 姓名： 123 学号： 123 外文出处：Journal of Wuhan University 附件： 1. 原文； 2. 译文 2010年12月29日附件1：原文随时间变化的钢筋混凝土阻力分析摘要∶对钢筋混凝土材料时间相关性的分析方法进行介绍，讨论钢筋混凝土的作用机理，然后再研究随时间而定的钢筋混凝土抵抗力。此外，钢筋混凝土结构中的钢材腐蚀也是需要被分析的。鉴定随时间而变的抵抗力的实际统计方法，包括物质的材料，结构尺寸，影响计算的确定。另外，范例中估计随时间而变钢筋混凝土结构构件的抵抗力是给的。关键字∶不定分析；随时间变化的抵抗力；钢筋混凝土 1．介绍：因为钢筋混凝土材料适用于很多地方，并且价格便宜，所以它在土木工程中是一种非常有用的材料。因此，这种材料大量的被使用。然而，传统的建筑结构设计和钢筋混

凝土材料的研究很少注意到钢筋混凝土强度和时间的关系，尤其是作用在材料上的不同影响作用几乎是不予研究的。直到近年来，在建筑施工中的一些研究才涉及这个问题——关于钢筋混凝强度与时间相关性的。已做过的关于钢筋混凝土柱破坏概率的研究表明低强度的钢筋混凝土柱破坏概率低于偶然的荷载作用下的破坏概率。并且这种计算方法已经被运用到随时间而变化的破坏概率的计算上。低强度的和Liu[4] 混凝土结构耐久性上的研究认为这种作用加速了其的破坏。并且Lu [6]等已经论述钢筋腐蚀的情况。一般而言，依赖不同因素的钢筋混凝土抵抗力明显减小。在对混凝土结构安全性校核上,基础理论为钢筋混凝土耐久性分析提供了建议。研究随时间而变的钢筋混凝土结构的性质的是必要的。２．影响钢筋混凝土机理的因素许多因素对钢筋混凝土抵抗力都产生影响。在水区域内存在着超过50种化学腐蚀元素,水在其中工作并且起调节作用。获得一次相关钢筋混凝土模型的实际方法是一种多因素理解方法。通常，对于单一的因素，许多结果只考虑到混凝土的碳化作用，碳化的厚度可以用下面公式来表示：可以写为：D ( t) = K t (1) 式中D ( t)，K和t分别为厚度，速度系数与碳化的时间。到目前为止，虽然有许多模型被运用到钢筋的断裂，疲劳破坏中，但是还没有大家都认可的结论存在。一般而言，能够降低钢筋混凝土的抵抗力的变量有钢筋的几何尺寸，周边环境情况以及随时间而变的抵抗力等。显而易见，钢筋混凝土抵抗力的变化是的一个随机函数过程或者说是一系列材料和结构变量的相互作用。钢筋混凝土在空气中的碳化被称之为中和反应。它是合成物与在空中的CO2以及钢筋混凝土中的碱性材料缓慢中和的过程。在空气中完全地碳化密实混凝土中的钢筋保护层需要花费几十年的时

钢筋切断机设计毕业设计论文

毕业设计（论文）题目钢筋切断机设计

毕业设计（论文）原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。尽我所知，除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果，也不包含我为获得及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。作者签名：日期：指导教师签名：日期：使用授权说明本人完全了解大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定，即：按照学校要求提交毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以赢利为目的前提下，学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。作者签名：日期：

学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名：日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。涉密论文按学校规定处理。作者签名：日期：年月日导师签名：日期：年月日

土木工程钢筋混凝土结构中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文翻译

原文： DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES 1. BASIC CONCERPTS AND CHARACERACTERISTICS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Plain concrete is formed from hardened mixture of cement, water , fine aggregate , coarse aggregate (crushed stone or gravel ) , air and often other admixtures . The plastic mix is placed and consolidated in the formwork, then cured to accelerate of the chemical hydration of hen cement mix and results in a hardened concrete. It is generally known that concrete has high compressive strength and low resistance to tension. Its tensile strength is approximately one-tenth of its compressive strength. Consequently, tensile reinforcement in the tension zone has to be provided to supplement the tensile strength of the reinforced concrete section. For example, a plain concrete beam under a uniformly distributed load q is shown in Fig . 1.1(a), when the distributed load increases and reaches a value q=1.37KN/m , the tensile region at the mid-span will be cracked and the beam will fail suddenly . A reinforced concrete beam if the same size but has to steel reinforcing bars (2φ16) embedded at the bottom under a uniformly distributed load q is shown in Fig.1.1(b). The reinforcing bars take up the tension there after the concrete is cracked. When the load q is increased, the width of the cracks, the deflection and the stress of steel bars will increase . When the steel approaches the yielding stress ?y , the deflection and the cracked width are so large offering some warning that the compression zone . The failure load q=9.31KN/m, is approximately 6.8 times that for the plain concrete beam. Concrete and reinforcement can work together because there is a sufficiently strong bond between the two materials, there are no relative movements of the bars and the surrounding concrete cracking. The thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials are 1.2×10-5K-1 for steel and 1.0×10-5~1.5×10-5K-1 for concrete . Generally speaking, reinforced structure possess following features : Durability .With the reinforcing steel protected by the concrete , reinforced concrete

钢筋下料机设计毕业设计

钢筋下料机设计摘要哈尔滨理工大学四年的学习生活已经接近尾声，检验这四年学习成果的时候到了，毕业设计题目为“钢筋下料机设计”本次毕业设计课题来源于生活，应用广泛，但成型难度大，模具结构较为复杂，对我来说是一次挑战，相信通过这四年来的积累和沉淀，我能共圆满的完成这次设计。本课题设计建筑上的卧式钢筋切断机的工作原理是：采用电动机经一级三角带传动和二级齿轮传动减速后,带动曲轴旋转,曲轴推动连杆使滑块和动刀片在机座的滑道中作往复直线运动,使活动刀片和固定刀片相错而切断钢筋。根据电机的工作环境选择电动机类型，采用卧式安装，防护式电机，鼠笼式三相异步电动机。选择三级减速，先是一级带减速，再两级齿轮减速。一级带传动，它具有缓冲、吸振、运行平稳、噪声小、合过载保护等优点，并安装张紧轮。两级齿轮减速，齿轮传动可用来传递空间任意两轴间的运动和动力，并具有功率范围大，传动效率高，传动比准确，使用寿命长，工作安全可靠等特点。动力由电动机输出,通过减速系统传动,把动力输入到执行机构。由于传动系统作的是回转运动,而钢筋切断机的执行机构需要的直线往复运动,为了实现这种转换,可以采用曲柄滑块机构,盘行凸轮移动滚子从动件机构,齿轮齿条机构。本课题采用曲柄滑块机构作为本机械的执行机构。关键词：切断建筑钢筋齿轮曲柄滑块

lie type steel cutting machine's designing Abstract Harbin polytechnic university four years of study and life has been close to test the learning achievement, the time of graduation design, the topic is " lie type steel cutting machine’s designing " the graduation design task originates from life, widely used, but the difficulty in forming, die structure is relatively complex, for me it is a challenge, believe that through the four years of accumulation and precipitation, I can have complete this design. This article introduces a kind of architectural lie type steel cutting machines. Its operating principles are: It use electric motors level triangle belt transmission and secondary gear transmission to slowdown. Then, it drives the crank rotate, The crank connected to slide block and moving blades in the slippery way make the back and forth straight line sport, makes the moving blades and the fixed blade shear and cut steel. According to the working environment choice the type of electric motors, using horizontal installation, protection of the electrical, squirrel-cage three-phase asynchronous motor. Option three slowdown, first level belt slowdown, followed by the secondary gear deceleration. First level with the introduction of automated, because it has a buffer, absorb shock and operate smoothly, small noise, and can protect the over loading. Then introduce a secondary gear deceleration slowdown, because gear transmission can be used to transmit arbitrary space between the two axis movement and momentum, and the scope of power, transmission efficient transmission accurately, long using life, such as safe and reliable character. Power output by electric motors through slow down transmission system to import power to the executive body. As the system make rotation movement, The steel cutting machine needs the back and forth straight line sport ,in order to achieve this transformation, we can use c slider-crank institutions or gear and rack. I

卧式钢筋切断机外文翻译概要

钢筋切断机操作规程

外文翻译---混凝土,钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土

卧式钢筋切断机的设计开题报告

钢筋切断机安全操作规程(最新版)

使用钢筋切断机的注意事项详细版

土木外文翻译--高温下钢筋混凝土中钢筋的性能

推荐-GQ50型钢筋切断机的结构设计与运动仿真 精品

钢筋切断机操作规程

随时间变化的钢筋混凝土阻力分析外文翻译

钢筋切断机设计毕业设计论文

土木工程钢筋混凝土结构中英文对照外文翻译文献

钢筋下料机设计 毕业设计

推荐-GQ50型钢筋切断机的结构设计与运动仿真精品

钢筋下料机设计毕业设计