商务英语翻译专有名词电子教案
商务英语翻译专有名
词
unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差bank portfolio 银行资产
housing mortgages 住房按揭
barter trade 易货贸易
bills and forms 单据和表格
fiscal year 财政年度
cargo insurance 货物保险
carrying vessel 装货船只
clean payment credit 光票付款信用证clearance sale 清仓减价销售accounting system会计制度comparative advantage 比较优势economic incentives经济动机
financial statements财务报表
bills of exchange汇票
captioned goods上述商品
floating policy统保单
International speciallzation 国际分工Straight B/L 记名提单
under separate cover 另函
irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证C.B.D 付现提货
CIF 到岸价
FOB 离岸价
Turnover 营业额
foreign exchange 外汇
barter 易货贸易
capital goods 资本货物
layoff裁员
jobless rate 失业率
profit margin 利润
new growth industry 新兴行业marketing 营销
estimated time of departure 预计离开时间estimated time of arrival 预计到达时间bottom price 最低价
average 海损
trial order 试订单
canton fair 广交会
discount for cash 贴现
commission sale 代售
CIF net 到岸净价
actual price 实价
beat the price down 压价
decline an offer 拒绝发盘initial payment 首期付款accessory risk 附加险
cargo in drum 桶装
bale packaging 打包
master package外包装shipping advice 装船通知over shipment 溢装
partials shipment 分批装运demand bill 即期汇票aggregate amount 总金额advising bank 通知行amount in figures 小写金额circular credit 循环信用证active demand 畅销acceptance sampling 抽样认可advance sheet 样本
bargain sale 大减价business report 商业报告clearance sale 清仓价销售commercial world 商界depressed market 萧条的市场
end-product 成品
direct sales 直接销售
credit man 信用调查员
corner the market 垄断市场consumer price index 消费者物价指数custom of trade 贸易惯例
deal direct 直接交易
develop new markets 拓展新市场domestic price 国内价格
express airmail 特快急件Commercial L/C 商业信用证absolute acceptance 绝对承兑
after sight 见票付款
authority to pay 授权付款
on blank check 空白支票
document against acceptance 承兑交单first of exchange 汇票正本
foreign currency 外币
foreign exchange rate 外汇率
in one’s favour以…为受益人
Inland bill 国内汇票
Freight payable at destination 运费到付
Short shipment 短装
Line steamer 班轮
Bill of lading 提单
Clean bill of lading清洁提单
Business correspondence 公函
Inside address 封内地址
Printed matter 印刷品
Agency endorsement 代理背书
Commission agent 佣金代理商
Volume of sales 销售量
Different specification 规格不符
Incomplete packing 包装不全
Counter-claim 反索赔
Mala fide claim 骗赔
Non-shipment 漏装
Short-landing 短卸
Negotiating bank 议付行
Notifying bank 通知行
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Master credit 主信用证
Confirming bank 保兑行
Transit letter of credit 转口信用证
Tender guarantee 投标保证书
Packing credit 打包信用证
Sight L/C 即期信用证
Adverse balance of trade 贸易逆差
Articles of trade 商品
Branded goods 名牌货
Chinese export commodities fair 中国出口商品交易会Deal on credit 信用交易
Diversified enterprise 多样化经营的企业
Spot investigation现场调查
Trade creation 贸易开拓
Wholesale dealer 批发商
Bottom price 最低价
Commodities leaflet 商品宣传单
Lowest price limit 最低限价
Potential demand 潜在需求
Apportioned charges 分摊费用
Buying cost 购入成本
Buying on margin 边际购买Capital in trade 贸易本钱Customs clearing charges 结关费CIF&W成本保险费运费加战争险Floating exchange rate 浮动汇率Sales confirmation 销售确认书Quotation 报价
External debt 外债
Hard currency 硬通货
Invisible trade 无形贸易
Visible trade 有形贸易
Port of shipment 装运港
Port of discharge 卸货港
Counter trade 对销贸易Macroeconomy 宏观经济Financial statement 财政报表Income tax 个人所得税Chartering agent 租船代理Shipping advice 装船通知Shipping documents 装船单据Documentary credit 跟单信用证Debtor nations 债务国
Instrument of pledge 抵押契据Instrument of ratification 批准证书Straight bill of lading 记名提单Direct bill of lading 直达提单Clean credit光票信用证Packing list 装箱单
Inspection certification 检验证书Open policy 预约保单
Force majeure 不可抗力Property rights 知识产权Royalty 提成费
Trimming charges 平仓费Insurance policy 保险单Coverage 险别
Premium 保险费
Underwriter 保险人Establishment 开证
Counter offer 还盘
Counter suggestion 反还盘
Bid 递盘
Surcharges 附加费
Proforma invoice 形式发票
Terms of payment付款方式Documents against payment付款交单Weight memo重量单
Certificate of quality 质量证书Certificate of quantity 数量证书Cash on delivery 货到付款
Gross weight 毛重
Net weight 净重
Certificate of origin 原产地证明Product life cycle 产品生命周期Security check 安检
Liquid funds 流动资金
Fixed assets 固定资产
Registered assets 注册资金
Export volume 出口量
Sales figures 销售数字
Operating profits 运营利润
Work force 劳动力
Bills 汇票
Multinational corporation 跨国公司GATT 关贸总协定
Turnkey projects 交钥匙工程
Direct investment 直接投资Portfolio investment 证券投资Lay days 装卸天数
Loading capacity 载荷能力Port of destination 目的港Deposits 订金
Issuing bank 开证行
Paying bank 支付行
Quota 配额
Cover notes 暂保单
Down payment 首付Earnest money 定金Balance sheet 资产负债表Money market 金融市场Draw at sight 见票即付
商务英语名词解释
Hostile takeover An acquisition of a firm despite resistance by the target firm's management and board of directors. Total quality control A philosophy and set of guiding concepts that provides a comprehensive means of improving total organization performance and quality by examining each process through which work is done in a systematic, integrated, consistent, organization-wide manner. Abbreviated TQM. Motivation theory/need hierarchy theory Psychological discipline that attempts to describe why people or animals behave as they do solely in terms of internal needs that drive behavior, rather than attributing any influence to external stimuli. theory X and theory Y assumption T h e o r y X With Theory X assumptions, management's role is to coerce and control employees. o People have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. o People must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives. o People prefer to be directed, do not want responsibility, and have little or no ambition. o People seek security above all else. T h e o r y Y With Theory Y assumptions, management's role is to develop the potential in employees and help them to release that potential towards common goals. o Work is as natural as play and rest. o People will exercise self-direction if they are committed to the objectives (they are NOT lazy). o Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. o People learn to accept and seek responsibility. o Creativity, ingenuity, and imagination are widely distributed among the population. People are capable of using these abilities to solve an organizational problem. o People have potential.
商务英语专有名词翻译
商务英语名词翻译 Unit 1 CICSC United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的简称。 trade terms 交易条款 sales contract 销售合同 price list 价格单 reference price 参考价 name of commodity 品名；商品名称 quantity 数量 withdrawal of offer 撤回发盘 revocation of offer 撤销发盘 termination of offer 终止发盘 inquiry 询盘 offer 发盘；报盘；实盘 offeror 发盘人 offeree 受盘人 firm offer 实盘 non-offer 虚盘 indefinite offer 虚盘 counter-offer 还盘 accept 承诺 contract 合同（契约） termination of a contract 合同的终止 suspension of a contract 合同的中止 Unit 2 claim damages 损害索赔 claim clause 索赔条款 compensation 补偿 the party in the breach 违约方 difference 差额 interest 利息 bona fide party 当事人 Unit 3 WTO World Trade Organization, 世界贸易组织 the Final Act 指乌拉圭回合多边谈判的最终议案 Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合 accountable 负责的，需要解释的 ground-rule 基本准则 decision-making body 决策机构 the General Council 总理事会 the Dispute Settlement Body 争端协调机构
商务英语专有名词解释
Деловой перевод. Forms of ownership: –Sole Proprietorship—a business owned and operated by a single individual. –Partnership---- партнёрство— a business owned by two or more people. –Limited Company—a company where ownership is represented by company＇s shares. 1. Board of directors---.Cовет директоров —the officials elected by shareholders who rule the company 2. Current liabilities—the money that a company during which certain goods are produced. 3. Dividends—company profits paid to shareholders. 4. Entrepreneur-- Предприниматель—person who sets up a new commercial enterprise to make a profit. 5. Indebtedness -- задолженность– amount of debts 6. Initial funds --funds used in starting a business. 7. Liabilities -- Обязательства– the amount of debt that must be paid. 8. Shareholders-- акционер–those who own shares of a company＇s stock. 9. Accounting –бухгалтерия---- the action or process of keeping financial accounts. Is a system of gathering , summarizing and communicating financial information for a business firm, government or other organizations. 10. Balance sheet –Балансовый отчёт - is a statement which describes the companies resources and indicates where these resources have come from.
专有名词翻译方法
专有名词和事物名词的常用翻译方法 我们在英译汉时，常常会碰到一些专有名词和事物名词。对于这些词，有时我们可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相对应的译词，有时则需要译者自己灵活掌握。我们在翻译这些专有名词和事物名词时，经常采用表意法、谐音法、表形法、谐音加表意法、部分谐音部分表意法等五种方法，其中表意法和谐音法用得最为广泛。 一、表意法（semantic translation） 这是最常用的一种译法，即在汉语中找出同原词含义相同的词。在大多数情况下，我们是可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相应的译词的。如： computer：计算机 magnifier：放大镜 perambulator：童车 transformer：变压器 有时我们可以用表意法将英语中两个或两个以上的名词仅从字面上翻译成汉语中的一个词或名词性词组。一般情况下，译文和原文的含义是相符的。如： down coat；羽绒服 moon cake：月饼 table cloth：桌布 head worker：脑力劳动者 应当注意，这种情况下的表意法不是绝对靠得住的。因为有时当英语中两个或两个以上名词固定搭配在一起时，他们表示的可能是与字面意思完全不同的另外一个意思。此时我们就不能仅从字面上去表意，而应深入一步从含义和惯用法上去表意。如： honey cooler不能译为“甜冷饮”，而应译为“讨好女人的男子”；
night cart不能译为“夜车”，而应译为“粪车”； hand money不能译为“手中之财”，而应译为“定金、保证金”； fish story不能译为“钓鱼故事”，而应译为“牛皮、大话”； dog days不能译为“狗的日子”，而应译为“三伏天”； cat suit不能译为“猫服”，而应译为“喇叭裤”； pig head不能译为“猪头”，而应译为“顽固分子”； pig tail不能译为“猪尾巴”，而应译为“辫子”： donkey’s breakfast不能译为“驴子的早餐”，而应译为“草垫”。 二、谐音法（transliteration） 谐音法就是用汉语中同原词发音相近的字来翻译原词。这种方法多用来翻译人名、地名、药名、计量单位以及一些从外国传入中国的药品的名称。如： 1．译人名 Marx：马克思到 Shakespeare：莎士比亚 Bacon：培根 Einstein：爱因斯坦 2．译地名 Vienna：维也纳 Berlin：柏林 Cyprus：塞浦路斯 Somalia：索马里 3．译药名 aspirin：阿斯匹林 analgin：安乃静 quinine：奎宁 procaine：普鲁卡因 4．译计量单位
一些专有名词的翻译
simulation 仿真；模拟 simulation algorithm 仿真算法 simulation algorithm libray 仿真算法库simulation block diagram 仿真（方）框图simulation centre 仿真中心 simulation clock 仿真时钟 simulation data base 仿真数据库 simulation environment 仿真环境 simulation equipment 仿真设备 simulation evaluation 仿真评价 simulation experiment 仿真实验 simulation experiment modelibrary 仿真实验模式库simulation expert system 仿真专家系统 simulation graphic library 仿真图形库 simulation information library 仿真信息库simulation job 仿真作业 simulation knowledge base 仿真知识库 simulation laboratoryt 仿真实验室 simulation language 仿真语言 simulation methodology 仿真方法学 simulation model 仿真模型 simulation model library 仿真模型库
simulation process 仿真过程 simulation process time 仿真过程时间 simulation program 仿真程序 simulation result 仿真结果 simulation run 仿真运行 simulation software 仿真软件 simulation support system 仿真支持系统 simulation system 仿真系统 simulation technique 仿真技术 simulation type 仿真类型 simulation velocity 仿真速度 simulation work station 仿真工作站 simulator 仿真器 simultancous comparison method 同时比较法simultaneous technique 同时联用技术；同时并用技术sing around method 声环法 sing-around velocimeter 环鸣声速仪 single acting positioner 单作用定位器 single arm measurement 单臂测量 single beam spectrum radiator 单光束光谱辐射计single board microcomputer 单片微（型）计算机single bounce technique 一次反射法
华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库
2018<科技英汉互译教程>上篇期末考试范围 P.23例2 This type of spring is extensively used in electrical instruments, and deserves special consideration. 这种弹簧广泛应用于电工仪表中，因此值得专门考虑一下。 P.24 例3 If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive. 如果这一反应要花费数小时，而不是几秒钟，燃料费就太高了。 例7 Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away. （如果）把蓄电池放在干燥的地方，就不会漏电。 这种句式中，祈使句表示条件，and后面的句子表示结果，可译为“如果……，就……”，或者“……就”。 P.25例12 In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. 换言之，矿物就是存在于地球上，但须经过挖握、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。 例14 The solar wind grossly distorts the earth's magnetic field, dragging it out to a long tail. 太阳风使地球磁场的形状发生很大的变化，将它向外拉牵，扯出一条长尾。 译文中将分词短语译成了动词并列式分句（或后续分句），即在一个主语下使用两个或两个以上的并列动词，用逗号隔开。 P.26 例17 The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction. 用滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦，会大幅度减少摩擦力。 例20 An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best acquired from the study of a representative particular science. 要了解科学研究最本质的特点，最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。 P.27 例23 The moon is a world that is completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth. 月球完全是一个毫无生气的世界，是一片多山的不毛之地。在酷热的白昼，太阳向它倾泻着无情的烈焰，而浸长的严寒却远远不是我们在地球上所能体验到的。 原句中含有4个分句：由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰a world；介词on+关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰a world的同位语a sterile mountainous waste；关系副词where 引导的定语从句，也修饰a sterile mountainous waste；so…that引导的结果状语从句。 例24 Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form. 计算机本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。
商务英语名词解释
Acceptance承兑P119 An acceptance credit call for drafts to be drawn at a tenor for acceptance by the issuing bank or any drawee nawed in the credit.汇票承兑信用证要求汇票按规定在一定期限内由开证行或者其他在信用证上签名的收款人来检验。 a letter of credit信用证P116 A banker’s document letter of credit is a credit instrument.A common means of payment in international trade.一种在国际贸易中常见的支付手段。Containing a writer undertaking in the part of the issuing bank to pay a certain amount to a third party against the surrender of stipulated documents. collection托收P133 entrust banks as intermediaries to collect the money for the goods 委托银行作中间人收取款项 Bill票据 a statement of money owed for goods or services; demand payment tax 税收P197 charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government; levy a tax on hedge套期保值P144 capture slight differences in price; foreign exchange markets perform four major functions:tranfer of payments;provision of credits;payment at a distance;allowing hedging against exchange risk.外汇市场主要从事四种功能：转移支付；提供信贷；异地支付；提供外汇风险防范。 arbitrage套汇P139 buy at the lower price and sells at the higher price; Is the use of discrepancies in currency exchange rates to transform one unit of a currency into more than one unit of the same currency.利用不同的外汇市场各种货币在同一时刻的汇率和汇率上的差异，同时买进和卖出有关货币的现汇和期汇，以赚取汇率或利率上的差价收益的交易。 option期权P144 the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited在外汇交易中，以契约形式规定的在某一特定日期或在未来某一日期，按规定的价格买（看涨期权）或卖（看跌期权）特定数量的基础票据权利。 future期货 A currency future,also FX future or foreign exchange future.is a futures contract to exchange one currency for another at specified date in the future at a price(exchange rate 买卖双方约定于未来某一特定日期，以约定价格买卖的约定数量的商品。 foreign exchange汇率,外汇 price by one currency for other currency; means the system utilized in financing international payments.一个用于支付国际金融付款的系统。
商务英语名词解释
1. BUdget—预算an accoUnt Of PrObabIe future inCOme and expenditure during a stated, period, usu. a year USed as a guide in making finan cial arran geme nts. 2. RetUrn —回扌报the gai n from an in VeStme nt, either as in come or yield or as PrOfit on the sale of the inv estme nt. 3. Portfolio —证券投资组合the entire collection of inVeStments in the form of stocks, bon ds, or CertifiCate of deposits for PUrPOSeS other tha n con trolli ng 4. Royalty —专利税money Paid to the owner of a COPyright for PermiSSion to PUbIiSh COPyright material and to the owner of a Pate nt for PermiSSi on to USe a Pate nted desig n, usu. at a greed PerCe ntage of the selli ng PriCe of the product. 5. Patent —专利权a SPeCiaI right to an inven tor to be the on Iy PerS on to make and sell, or to authorize OtherS to make and sell a n ewly-i nven ted machi ne or process. 6. Non-tariff barrier —非贸易壁垒all forms of man-made ObStrUCtions to intern atio nal trade other tha n tariffs ,in cludi ng PrOhibiti OnSand quotas, etc. 7. FranChiSe —经销权an arran geme nt by WhiCh a mono poly PrOdUCer or owner gives ano ther PermiSSi on for the exclusive right to manu facture or sell the PrOdUCtS in a Certa in area. 8. Purchasing power—购买力of PerSons, the public, having the money to buy goods and services. 9. PPP —购买力平价PUrChaSing power Parity 10. tariff —关税tax IeVied by the CUStOmS 11. barriers to trade —贸易壁垒any action by a government to limit or PreVent the free flow of goods in and out of its coun try. 12. primary commodities —初级产品those commodities not processed, or only SIightIy processed, usually farm PrOdUCe or raw materials 13. drawback —退税duties Paid on imported goods that are refunded When re-exported 14. specific duties—从量税duties IeVied on the basis of quantity, weight, SiZe etc. of the goods 15. ad valorem duties—从价税duties IeVied on the basis of the PriCe of the goods 16. carriage —运费the PriCe or cost of tranSPOrtatiOn 17. voluntary offer —主动发盘an Ofer made On the initiative of the Oferer
四级翻译专有名词汇总..
四级翻译专有名词汇总 1.中国历史与文化 京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kung Fu 太极Tai Chi 口技 ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 embroidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 中国结 Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain; china 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术 martial arts 儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu
科技英语翻译
形合和意合 1.昨天看电影我没有买到好票。 I did not buy good seat for movie last day. 2.这个车间既做来料加工，又做来样加工。 This workshop processes raw material on client’s demand and processes according to investor’s sample as well. 3.她在中国留学服务中心工作。 She works at Chinese service center for Scholarly Exchange. 4.烤烟，苹果，羊毛和甘薯是延安的四大农产品，年产量3.12亿元，占农业总产值的52.5%。 Cured tobacco, apples, wool and sweet potatoes are the four main agricultural products in Yan’an, their output values at 312 million yuan RMB, according for 5.2% of its total agricultural output values. 5.可以预言，钛材在飞机或各种飞行器上的应用将会与日俱增，并且在其他工业中的应用也会扩大。 It can be prophesied that titanium materials will be used increasing in aerospace and in other industries. 6.If rise of blood pressure occurs with some other disease, it is called secondary hypertension. 某种与其他疾病伴发的高血压，称为继发性高血压 7.Change of information, if any, concerning the contents of this section will be found in the appendix at the end of this book. 本节内容如有更改，均见本书末附录。 8.一种微生物能够破坏另一种微生物，这种现象最早是巴斯德发现的，他指出这可以用到医疗上去。 That a microganism is capable of destroying one of anther species was first discovered by Pasteur, who pointed out that can be used to the therapeutic use. 英汉句子中心的差异 1.他们培育出的细胞看上去像胚胎干细胞，这的确令人惊讶。 It’s truly amazing that they can produce cells that look like embryoric stem cells. 2.1968年12月阿波罗8号宇宙飞船上那些想家的宇航员们在太空拍下了整个地球的彩照，此后在1970年4月很快就出现了第一个地球日，这绝非是历史的偶然。 It’s no accident of history that the first Earth Day in April 1970 came so soon after the color photograghs of the whole earth from space were made by homesick astronauts on the Apollo 8 mission to the moon December 1968. 3.你们已经取得了进步，对此我毫不怀疑。 There has been no doubt in my mind of the progress which you have achieved. 4.由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快的重新实现访问，这使我感到特别高兴。 I was all the more delighted when as a result of the initiative of your government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 5.由于现代世界的发展和近年来在单门学科狭窄前沿上的研究进展，出现一些极其复杂的难题，单凭一两人的力量是无法对它们进行透彻研究的。 One cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world and by recent development in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. 6.这种小型热带鱼由于具有自行修复受损和患病的眼部细胞的独特能力，长期以来一直为科学家所关注。The tiny tropical fish has long interested scientists because of its unique ability to repair damaged and diseased cells in their own eyes. 7.不努力就不会成功。 One can never succeed without making great efforts.
商务英语专业词汇
商务英语专业词汇 企业标识corporate identity 企业形象corporate image 公司规划corporate planning 企业部门corporate sector 企业福利corporate welfare 公司注册许可证corporation charter 成本会计师cost accountant 注重节省成本的cost-conscious 成本效益cost-effective 质量成本cost of quality 销售成本cost of sales 成本核算costing 咨询公司consultancy 耐用消费品consumer durables 家用电子产品consumer electronics 日用消费品consumer goods 消费趋势consumer trends 雇用合同contract of employment 合同期限contract period 合同义务contract obligations 核心经营项目core activity 核心福利项目core benefits 核心产品core product 核心技术core technology 公司官僚主义corpocracy 商务区business area
公司赊账卡corporate charge card 公司文化corporate culture 公司宴请corporate entertaining 竞争优势competition advantage 优惠价格competitively price 竞争对手competitor 投诉complaint 工作周work weeks 会议设备conference facility 会议技术conferencing 跨行业公司conglomeration 商品批发商commodity trade 乘车上下班者commuter 公司法company law 公司概况company profile 公司秘书company secretary 企业内部商店company store 行政机关civil service 索赔部经理claims manager 业务会议business meeting 商业运作模式business operation 业务透支business overdraft 商业伙伴business partner 经营规划business plan 商业头脑business sense 出差go to a business trip 副产品by-product 品牌形象brand image 领导产品brand leader
商务英语阅读名词解释
1. The bank had doubled profits in the past year via a string of successful mergers, but on Apr. 21 it reported that its securities portfolio had unrealized losses of nearly $131 million. 在过去一年中 银行已经通过一系列成功的 合并双倍盈利，但在4月21 日却传出报告说证券投资组 合造成近一亿三千一百万美 元的损失。 2. We’re considering strategies that make the most sense if rates are going up much more aggressively and sooner than anticipated.如 果利率继续以超出我们想象 的强劲势头增长，我们就要考 虑最明智的决策。 3. But benchmarking employees, and then paying them different rates, can turn out to be a minefield if handled badly. 但是仅仅用 一种单一的标准来衡量员工， 然后以此对他们进行区分奖 励，一旦操作有误很可能造 成恶劣后果。 4. But the growing shortage of executive talent may make the gro wth assumptions written into many business plans over-optimistic. 但是日 渐匮乏的管理人才使得商业 计划书对未来经济增长的假 设显得过于乐观了。 5. Alternati v ely, advertisers can choose to use “spokescharacters”. O w ens-Corning has used the P ink P anther for nearl y20 years to endorse its insulation products, and Metropolitan Life has used the P eanuts gang to promote its insurance policies. Another way advertisers protect themselves is by using deceased celebrities. Through the w onders of technology, televi s ion viewers see screen legends John Wayne pitching Coors beer and Fred Astaire dancing with a Dirt Devil vacuum cleaner. 此外，作为 一项选择，广告主不一定非要 用真人来促销产品，而可以选 择一个“代言人”（不一定是 真实的人，可以是动画人物， 甚至可以是动物）。例如，奥 弗恩斯*科宁用粉红豹来促 销其粉红色的绝缘材料已有 20 多年;大都会人寿保险公 司用花生少年来促销其保险 政策。广告主保护自己的方法 之一就是减少名人的运用。例 如，通过神奇的技术，电视观 众看到了荧幕传奇任务约翰* 威尼叫卖科拉斯啤酒的镜 头，还看到了弗莱特*阿斯泰 尔与一台名叫清洁助手的吸 尘器一起跳舞的情形。 6. In China, as a result of the economic reforms and market opening measures, SME s have enjoyed remarkable development and have grown to become an important force in contributing towards sustained and rapid growth of the Chinese economic.在 中国，由于经济改革和市场开 发等措施，中小企业有了越来 越大的发展，逐渐演变为中 国得以可持续快速发展的中 坚力量。 7. Many underestimate the cost of local staff. Chinese graduates often have an inflated view of their own, complain some foreign managers. Multinationals are also competing for talent with China’s domestic companies, which need to improve the quality of their people as thei r markets open to foreign rivals.许多人低估了本土雇 员的成本。一些国外的经理抱 怨说，中国的毕业生常常过分 地夸大自身的价值。不少跨 国公司也在和中国本土的公 司竞争人才，这就意味着中国 公司同样应当提高员工的素 质，因为中国市场已经向国外 的竞争者开放了。 8. A fairly obvious cultural divide that has been much studied is the one between, on the one hand, the countries of North America and north-west E urope, where management is largely based on analysis, rationality, logic and systems, and, on the other, the Latin cultures of southern E urope and South America, where personal relations, intuition, emotion and sensitivity are of much greater importance.一 方面，北美和欧洲西北部的管 理方式大都是基于分析、理 性、逻辑和系统;而另一方面， 在南欧和南美的拉丁文化中， 人际关系、直觉、情感和敏感 性则更为重要。这两种明显 的文化划分已经被广为研究。