英语现在完成时(完整)

英语现在完成时(完整)
英语现在完成时(完整)

现在完成时The Present Perfect Tense

一.Form:

1.肯定句:

S (主语)+have/has+PP(过去分词)

2. 否定句:

S (主语)+have/has+not +PP(过去分词)

3.疑问句

Have/has+ S (主语)+PP(过去分词)?

Yes, S+have/has.

No,S+have/hasn?t.

助动词have和has可前面的主语缩略为?ve, …s.如they?ve, we?ve, he?s, it?s;

has not=hasn?t have not=haven’t

二、过去分词的构成

1.+ed work, plant,call

2.e+d live, change, like, love, agree, save, hate, move, arrive,,skate, hope, use

3.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的双写+ed. 如:plan, stop, drop, fit(适合), prefer(更喜欢), travel

4。以辅音字母+y,结尾,变y为i+ed

try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry, copy

三,用法:

1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与以下词连用,already, yet, just, now, 例如:

I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。

(“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”)

already(“已经”,用在肯定句)

I have already finished my homework.

yet (“已经”,用在疑问句;“还”用在否定句)

Has he finished his homework yet?

She hasn?t finished her homework yet.

just(“刚刚”,用在肯定句)

We have just finished our homework.

now(现在) I have had my breakfast now.

2. 表示说话前发生过一次或多次,而现在已成为经历或经验的动作或状态,常与以下词连用。

ever(“曾经”,用在疑问句中) Have you ever been to Hong Kong?

never(“从未” 表示否定) I?ve never been there.

before(以前) He has seen her before.

once(“曾经”“一次,用在肯定句),twice, three times…

She has been there once.

3.表示动作从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和表示一段的时间状语

连用。如for引导的时间段,since引导的过去时间点和含有过去时的从句,动词用持续性动词。

have/has+过分(延续性动词)+ for+一段时间,

+since+一段时间+ago

+since+时间点

We have learned English for five years.

We have learned English since five years ago.

I have been here since 5 o?clock.

现在完成时+ since+ 一般过去时

即:have/has+过分(延续性v)since从句(一般过去时)

I have been here since I was young.

He has lived here since he came here.

?短暂性动词与延续性动词

◆短暂性动词也叫瞬间动词或终止性动词。这种动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结

束,所以不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用,象这样的词有:buy, sell, begin, start, leave, come, go, borrow, lend, return, die, join等。

◆延续性动词也叫持续性动词,能和一段时间连用。

1.短暂性动词和延续性动词都可用于现在完成时中

have/has+过分(短暂性v) (肯定句, 疑问句中,不能加一段时间)

have/has not+过分(短暂性v) (否定句,能加一段时间)

即:have/has not +过分(短暂性动词) +for+一段时间,

+since+时间点

+ since+一段时间,+go

have / has +过分(延续性动词)(可加一段时间)

例如:

She has died.(短暂性v,肯定句,不能加一段时间)

She has been dead (for 5 years.)(延续性动词)

2.短暂性动词不能用于由for+一段时间, since+时间点(或since…ago)引导的现在完成时的肯定句,疑问句中,此句型必须用延续性动词,即

have/ has+ 过分(延续性动词) + for+一段时间,

(短暂性动词必须+since+一段时间+ago

转换成延续性动词) +since+时间点

have/has+过分(延续性v) + since从句(一般过去时)

3.短暂性动词与时间段的关系

短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用,这些动词是:become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思,可用以下几种表示法:

(1) It is +一段时间+since从句(一般过去时)(短暂性v)

(2) 一般过去时(短暂性v) + 一段时间+ago

还可用相应的延续性动词have,keep等或短语“be+名词(形容词、位置副词、介词短语)”来代替短暂性动词,由since和for引导, (短暂性动词必须转换成延续性动词)

(3)have/has+过分(延续性动词) + for+一段时间,

(4)have/has+过分(延续性动词)+since+一段时间+ago

have/has+过分(延续性动词) +since+时间点

have/has+过分(延续性动词) + since从句(一般过去时)(短暂性v)

(5)一段时间+现在完成时+ since从句(一般过去时)(短暂性v)

Two weeks has passed sine he left Shanghai .

红色字体的句子可以相互替换

他离开学校已经20年了.

1.He has been away from the school for 20 years.

2.He has been away from the school since 20 years ago.

3.It is 20 years since he left the school.

4.He left the school 20 years ago.

5.20 years has passed since he left the school.

这类常见的动词有:

A. 瞬间性持续性

come /go 来/去——be in /at

leave 离开—— be away (from)

arrive 到达—— be in/ at /here

Sth.begin /start开始——be on

finish 结束—— be over

die 死—— be dead

join 参加——be in +组织

——be a+成员

marry结婚—— be married

fall asleep/ ill /sick 睡着/病倒—— be asleep/ ill/sick

become 成为—— be a

B. 瞬间性持续性

borrow 借—— keep

buy 买—— have

catch (a cold) 感冒—— have (a cold)

Sb. begin/ start to do sth. 开始做—— do sth.

区别

一、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在的情况,因此不能和表示确定的时间状语连用;

一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去,强调的是过去的动作或状态,和现在无关,可以和确定的过去时间状语连用.

用于现在完成时的时间状语

never, ever, already, yet, just, lately, recently,for…, since …, since+一段时间+ago,

in the past (或last) few years (过去几年来) even since then (打那以后),

before+时间点, these days(这些天),so far= up to now, till now, by now (到目前为止),

用于一般过去时的时间状语

yesterday, (yesterday morning…) last night (last…),一段时间+ago ,in the past,

just now=a moment ago,in +具体年份(in 2002), from then on (=after that 打那以后),

试比较:

The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿)

The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的.(强调动作发生的时间在过去)

I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年.(表示十五年前的动作一直延续到

现在,还可能会继续.)

I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年.(表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了)

二、have been to/ in 与have gone 的用法比较

1.have been +in+地点名词+for+一段时间

+since+一段时间+ago

或“have been + 位置副词+for+一段时间

+since+一段时间+ago

意思是“在某地呆过(多久)”,

◆Mr. Green has been in China for many years. 格林先生在中国呆过好多年。

◆I have been here since I began to work. 我工作以来一直呆在这儿。

2.“have been + to +地点名词”

“have been+ 位置副词”意思是“曾经到过某地(多少次)( 人已经回来)”。如:

◆Miss Brown has been to Japan twice. 布朗小姐到日本去过两次。

◆Have you ever been here before? 你以前到过这吗?

3.“have gone + to +地点名词”

或“have gone + 位置副词”

意思是“到某地去了(人不在此处)”,一般不用于第一、二人称,如:

“Where?s Tom?”

“He?s gone to the cinema.”

“Has Mary gone there with him?”

“No, she hasn?t.”

“汤母在哪儿?” “他去看电影了。”

“玛丽跟他去了吗?” “没有。”

三,现在完成时的时间状语

1.since与for

since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since+时间点。

现在完成时(延续性动词)+since+一般过去时(短暂性动词)

现在完成时+since+过去的时间点

现在完成时+since+一段时间+ago

◆She has worked here since 1980.

… since two years ago.

… since she came to SZ.

for短语表示动作延续多长时间,

现在完成时(延续性动词)+for+时间段。

since+一段时间+ago=for+时间段;

◆We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。

◆I haven?t seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。

2.just, lately, recently是完成时的时间状语,

just now 有a moment ago 之意,是一般

过去时的时间状语。如:

◆The train has just arrived. 火车刚到。

◆Did you see Joan just now? 你刚才看到琼了吗?

◆Have you heard from your family lately/recently? 你最近收到家人的来信了吗?

3. in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”,可作现在完成时的时间状语;in the past意思是“在过去”,常作一般过去时的时间状语。如:

◆Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.

过去几年来,我的家乡发生了很大的变化。

◆Where did you work in the past? 你过去在哪里工作?

4. even since then与from then on (after that)都有“打那以后”之意,前者是完成时的时间状语,后者常用作一般过去时的时间状语,如:

◆She’s lived here ever since then. 打那以后,她一直住在这。

◆I didn’t hear of Jim from then on/after that. 打那以后,我就没有吉姆的消息。

5. before(+时间点)泛指“以前”时,可用于现在完成时中;

一段时间+ago 表示“现在的一段时间以前”,是一般过去时的时间状语。如:

◆I’ve never been to Japan before. 我以前没去过日本。

◆She went to Japan a year ago. 她一年前去了日本。

6.ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”,多见于疑问句或否定句中;后者意思是“从来没有”,表示全部否定。如:

◆“Have you ever seen the film?”

“No. I have never seen it.”

“你曾经看过这部影片吗?”

“没有,从来没看过。”

◆Nobody in our class has ever been there. 我们班没有人去过那。

7.already和yet常见于现在完成时中,有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中,后者用在疑问

句中。yet在否定句中有“还”之意。如:

“Has the bus left yet”?

“Yes. It has already left.”

(“No. It hasn?t left yet.)

“汽车开走了吗?”

“是的,已经开走了.”(不,还没有开走.)

still, 表示过去已经开始了动作, 说话时仍未停止,与动词连用, 放在句中(“仍然,还”) eg: Does he still live here?

yet, 表示预料要发生的事尚未发生,位于句尾,有时接在not后, 一般用在疑问句(翻译成”已经”)和否定句(“还”,句末)中eg: Has the school begun yet?

He has not eaten yet.

already, 表示事情早已发生或提前发生, 一般放在句中, 强调时可用在句尾, 用于肯定句和疑问句中(用在疑问句中表怀疑,惊讶)

eg: The train has already left.

8.so far(到目前为止),

these days(这些天) 也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如:

(1)So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.

到目前为止, 还没有人到月球以外旅行.

(2)What have you done these days?

这些天来,你做了什么事?

练习1:翻译

1.我刚洗过衣服。

2.我到这里两年多了。

3.从1989年,他就在这里工作。

4.你已经完成你的工作了吗?

5.过去,我从未听说过那件事。

6.你最近收到家人的来信了吗?

7.“你曾经看过这部影片吗?”“没有,从来没看过。”

8.我去了图书馆.(已回来)

9.凯特在哪里?她和她父亲一起去北京了(未回)。

练习2;翻译下列句子:for+一段时间=since+一段时间+ago

1.他参军两年了.(join the army)(至少造4个句子)

2.我借他的书已经三星期了.(造4个句子)

3.他已经死了3年了.(造4个句子)

4.火车已经到达2小时了.(造4个句子)

5.我买了这块手表五年了。

6.他已经回来三天了。

7.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。

8.我离开家乡已十年了。

练习3:用正确的时态填空

1.I ____________ Beijing before. (visit)

2.He _____ already _______ there. (leave)

3.she _______just _______ the book. (see)

4. They ______never ________ it. ( play)

5._____ you ever ________ here? (study)

6. How long _____ they _______ there ? (work)

7. The boy _____ never _____ there ? (be)

8. He __________ to the town . (go)

9. _____ they _____ (live) in this city ?

10.We __________ (learn) English for three years/ since two years ago/since 2000.

11.Mr. Green _________ (be) in China these years.

12.They __________(write) 15 songs so far.

13.The population _________ (grow) more slowly in the past ten years.

14..Wu Dong ________(be) a soldier for one year.

15. The students _____________(study) in the middle school since last month.

16. How long ______ you ______(know) him?

17. Mike __________ (make) quite a few friends since he came to China.

18. I __________(give) my friend a nice book recently.

19. Li Ping and Wu Dong __________(see) the old man three times.

20. _____ she ever ______(teach) you English?

21. These children ____________ (stay) in the park for two hours.

练习4:Fill in the blanks with ‘already’ or ‘yet’.

1.“Where is Kate?” “She?s _______left”

2.It?s nearly 10 o?clock. Has Anne woken up ___?

3.They haven?t finished dinner _____.

4.She has gone ______.

5.I haven?t worn my new coat____.

6.---Could you do the washing up? ---I have ______ done it.

练习5:Fill in the blanks with for or since:

1.Mr Brown?s daughter has collected stamps______ quite a few (许多)years.

2. Has Mike ever been to the museum in London ____ he got to England ?

3. Her husband has never been ill ____ he left the hospital last year.

4. I have been away from my home town ___ about five years.

5. They have learned English _____ 1998。

6.He has lived in Nanjing ______ the year before last.(前年)

7. I?ve known him ______ we were children.

8. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.

9. She has been away from the city _______ about ten years.

10. It?s about ten years ______ she left the city.

练习6:用have/has gone to…,have/has been in …,have/has been to… 填空1. A: Where?s Jim, Li Lei?

B: He ______________he school library.

2. The Greens _____________China for three years.

3.We _____________the Great Wall twice. It?s very beautiful.

4。Mike and his parents ___________ the north for half a year.

5.Mum is not at home now. she __________ the shop.

6.______ you ever _____ to kunming ? Never.

7. Where _____ you ______ these days?

Yes, he __________ here for several days.

8. Where is Peter? I don?t know where he ________?

9. Hi Jim! Where ____ you ______ ? Li Lei is looking for you.

练习7:同义句改写

1. I bought the calculator a week ago .

I ________ _______ the calculator for a week .

2. Tom joined the Young Pioneer last month .

Tom _______ _______ a Young Pioneer for a month.

3. It?s 10 o?clock now .The meeting began at 8:30.

The meeting _______ ________ for one hour and a half.

4. Mr. Li left just now .

Mr. Li ________ just ________ .

5. I came here in 2000.

I ______ _______ here______ 2000.

6. The cat died three days ago .

The cat ______ _______ ______ for three days .

7. He borrowed the book last Friday.

He ______ ______ the book for several days .

8. Ken closed the window because of the heavy rain.

Ken _______ _________ the window _______ it began to rain.

练习8:选择题

1.---Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr Black ?

---Sorry. He ________ the Xuanwu Lake Park.

A. has been to

B. went to

C. has gone to

D. will go to (07南京)

2. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _____in China since 2002. (07河北省)

A. stays

B. stayed

C. is staying

D. has stayed

3. Nancy lots of charity work in her free time since she entered college.(07上海市)

A. has done

B. will do

C. was doing

D. is doing

4. ---Why not see the film Harry Porter with me?

---I it.(07辽宁)

A. have seen

B. see

C. was seeing

D. saw

5. ---Tony, you smoking?(07河南省)

---Yes. Drinking tea is my favourite now.

A. will, stop

B. did, stop

C. would, stop

D. have, stopped

6. ---Doctor, I caught a bad cold, and I had a sore throat.

---How long like this? (07厦门市)

A. did you

B. were you

C. have you been

7. My aunt isn’t here. She Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.(07重庆市)

A. went

B. has gone to

C. has been to

D. will go to

8. I to Canada twice. It?s so beautiful.(06重庆)

A. won’t go

B. have gone

C. don’t go D . have been

9. Hurry up! The film for ten minutes.(06辽宁)

A. has been on

B. began

C. had begun

D. has begun

10. It _______ten years since we last_____ in Beijing.

A. was, met

B. has been, met

C. was, meet

D. is , meet

不规则动词表

A.AAA 型

1.cast cast cast 投,掷

2.cut cut cut 割,切,剪

3.shut shut shut 关

4.put put put 放

5.rid rid rid 使摆脱,去掉

6.hit hit hit 吐,唾

7.spit spit s pit 击中,打,撞

8.set set set 放,置

9.let let let 让

10.upset upset upset 使心烦,翻倒

11.read read read 读

12.cost cost cost 花费

13.hurt hurt hurt 伤害

14.spread spread spread 传播,伸展B.ABB 型

15.burn burnt burnt 燃烧

burned burned

16.learn learnt learnt 学习,

learned learned

17.hear heard heard 听到,听说

18.dream dreamt dreamt 做梦,梦到

dreamed dreamed

19.mean meant m eant 意谓,用意

20.build built built 建造,建筑

21.rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 重建

22.spend spent spent 花费,消耗

23.lend lent lent 借给

24.send sent sent 寄,发送

25.get got got 得到

26.strike struck struck 打,罢工27.dig dug dug 挖

28.win won won 获胜,赢得

29.hang hung hung 悬挂

30.find found found 找到,发现

31.stand stood stood 站,立

32.bring brought brought拿来,带来

33.buy bought bought 买

34.understand understood understood 懂,了解

35.fight fought fought 打仗,对抗

36.think thought thought 想,认为

37.catch caught caught 抓住,

38.teach taught taught 教授,讲授

39.keep kept kept 保持,继续

40.sleep slept slept 睡觉

41.smell smelt smelt 嗅,闻到

42.spell spelt spelt 拼写

43.sweep swept swept 打扫

44.feel felt felt 触,摸

45.leave left left 离开,动身

46.meet met met 遇见,与--会面

47.hold held held 拥有,支持

48.lead led led 领导

49.sit sat sat 就座

50.speed sped sped 加速

51.have had had 有,从事

52.make made made 制造

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4b17875729.html,y laid laid 放置

54.pay paid paid 支付

55.say said said 说,讲

56.sell sold sold 卖,出售

57.tell told told 告诉

58.lose lost lost 遗失,丢失

59.shine shone shone 发光,照耀

60.bless blest blest 保佑

61.shoot s hot shot 射击,发射

62.light lit lit 点着C.ABA 型

63.become became become 变成

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4b17875729.html,e came come 来

65.run ran run 跑D.ABC 型

a. 原形动词+n或en构成过去分词

66.see saw seen 看见

67.eat ate eaten 吃

68.fall fell fallen 落下

69.give gave given 给

70.rise rose risen 升起

71.ride rode ridden 骑,乘

72.write wrote written 写

73.shake shook shaken 摇动

74.take took taken 拿走

75.blow blew blown 风吹

76.grow grew grown 生长

77.know knew known 知道,了解

78.throw threw thrown 扔,抛

79.draw drew drawn 画,拉

80.sew sewed sewn 缝制

81.show showed shown展示,出示

b. 过去时+n或en构成过去分词

82. break broke broken 打破,违背

83.speak spoke spoken 说话,谈话

84. wake woke woken 叫醒85. steal stole stolen 偷

86. choose chose chosen 选择

86. forget forgot forgotten 忘记

87. hide hid hidden 隐藏

c. 把单词中的重读音节的元音字母i 改为a(过去式)和u(过去分词)

88. sink sank sunk 下沉

89. ring rang rung 响,敲钟

90. sing sang sung 唱,演唱

91. begin began begun 开始

92. swim swam swum 游泳

93. drink drank drunk 喝,喝酒

d. 特殊变化

94. be was/ were been 是,存在

95. do did done 做

96. go went gone 去

97. lie lay lain 躺,平放

98. fly flew flown 飞行

99. wear wore worn 穿,戴100. bear bore born 忍受

E. AAB 型

101. beat. beat beaten 打,打败F.有的动词有两种变化形式,使用时要注意分清。

102. lie lay lain 躺,平放lie lied lied 说谎103. hang hung hung 悬挂hang hanged hanged 绞死

答案:

练习1.

1.I have just cleaned my clothes.

2.I have been here for two years.

3.He has worked here since 1989.

4.Have you finished your work yet?

5.I have never heard that before.

6.Have you heard from your family lately/recently?

7.“Have you ever seen the film?”

“No. I have never seen it.”

8.I have been to the library.

9.Where is Kate? She has gone to Beijing with her father.

练习2

1.It is 2 years since he joined the army.

He joined the army 2 years ago.

He has been in the army for 2 years. (=since 2 years ago.)

He has been a soldier for 2 years (=since 2 years ago.)

2.It is 3 weeks since I borrowed his book.

I borrowed his book 3 weeks ago.

I have kept his book for 3 weeks. (=since 3 weeks ago.)

3.It is 3years since he died.

He died 3 years ago.

He has been dead for 3 years. (=since 3 years ago.)

4.It is 2 hours since the train arrived.

The train arrived 2 hours ago.

The train has been here for 2 hours. (= since 2 hours ago.)

5.I have had this watch for five years.

…since 5 years ago.

It is 5 years since I bought this watch.

I bought this watch 5 years ago.

6.He has been back for 3 days

…since 3 days ago.

It is 3 days since he came back.

He came back 3 days ago.

7.He has been here since 6 o?clock.

8.I have been away from my hometown for 10 years.

I have been away from my hometown since 10 years ago.

It is 10 years since I left my hometown.

I left my hometown 10 years ago.

练习3:

1.have visited 2.has left 3.has seen 4.have played 5.Have studied 6.have worked 7.has been 8.has gone 9.Have lived 10.have learned

11.has been 12.have written 13.has grown 14.has been 15.have studied 16.have known 17.have made 18.have given 19.have seen 20.Has taught 21.have stayed

练习4:

1.already

2.yet

3.yet

4. already

5. yet

6. already

练习5:

1.for 2.since 3.since 4.for 5.since

6.since 7.since 8.for 9.for 10.since

练习6:

1.has gone to 2.have been in 3.have been to 4.have been in

5.has gone to 6.Have been 7.have been,has been

8.has gone 9.have been

练习7:

1.have had 2.has been 3. has lasted 4. has gone 5. have been ,since

6.has been dead

7.has kept

8.has closed, since

练习8;

1-5 CDAAD 6-10 CBDAB

人教版英语英语现在完成时的用法大全含解析

人教版英语英语现在完成时的用法大全含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1.—They say there is a new restaurant near here. —Yes, and it ______ for more than a week. A. has been open B. open C. is opening D. opens 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。——是的,它已经开了一个多星期了。根据 for more than a week ,可知用现在完成时,have/has been done,故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记其标志词。 2.Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生,但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时,瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用,故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3.—Hi, Tom! you ever the Bird's Nest? —Yes, I have. It's fantastic. A. Have, been to B. Have, gone to C. Did, go to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:——你好,Tom!你曾经去过鸟巢吗?——是的,我去过。它是极好的。根据答语—Yes, I have.可知是以have开头的现在完成时的一般疑问句,排除C。have been to+地点名词,去过某地,去了并且回来了;have gone to+地点名词,去了某地,去了还没有回来,在去或者回来的路上。根据It's fantastic.可知去了并且回来了,故选A。 【点评】考查短语辨析,注意平时识记其区别,理解句意。 4.——Where is Mr. Wang? ——He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to 【答案】 A

(英语)现在完成时练习全集

(英语)现在完成时练习全集 一、单项选择现在完成时 1.We two thirds of the project so far and we’re sure to complete it on time. A.finish B.will finish C.have finished D.finished 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意:到目前为止,我们已经完成了三分之二的项目,我们一定会按时完成。根据句中时间状语so far可知用现在完成时。故选C。 【点睛】 本题考查现在完成时,现在完成时是“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”。判断现在完成时的标志词有already , ever , never , yet , just , before, still , lately ,since , for a long time ,up to now, until, so far, in the last few years/weeks/mouths , till now, recently等,考生在平时学习英语过程中要多注意积累。本题只要抓住句中时间状语so far(到目前为止)就可以判断出用现在完成时。 2.It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams. A.failed B.has failed C.had failed D.have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定句式中的时态。固定句式:It is/was the+序数词+that 从句;句意:这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时。本题前面是is,故使用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,故B正确。句意:这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。 【点睛】 固定句式:It is/was the+序数词+that 从句;句意:这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is,后面使用现在完成时;如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时。(1)It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。(2)It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.那是他第一次参观长城。 3.The Reform and Opening-up, having passed its brilliant age of 40 years ,____the backward

英语语法-现在完成时用法及习题

目录 1现在完成时的构成 (2) 2现在完成时的用法 (5) 3 使用现在完成时需注意事项 (7) 4过去完成时与现在完成时的比较 (12) 练习题 (13) 答案 (16)

现在完成时对于我们来讲是所有时态中最难掌握的一种。因为它并不是表示发生于某一时间的事情,而是既涉及过去,又联系现在的一种时态。请参见下列三个例句: 例:1.I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。 2.I lived in Beijing. 我住过北京。(我在北京住过。) 3.I have lived in Beijing. 我一直住在北京。 例1.的live是一般现在式,表示“我现在住在北京”这一事实。 例2.的lived是过去式。这句只是表示在过去的某一时期我在北京住过,至于现在住不住在北京则不清楚。 例3.的have lived是现在完成时,表示我在过去的某一时间开始住在北京,现在也住在北京。表示从过去到现在的一种继续状态。 1现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的形式是“have (has)+过去分词”,表示继续、完了、结果和经验等四种意思。 现在完成时的否定句是在have(has)的后面加上not,疑问句是将have(has)置于主语之前。 1现在完成时的肯定句 句型:

We have lived in Beijing. 我们一直住在北京。 He has lived in Beijing. 他一直住在北京。 过去分词的三种用法 过去分词有下列三种用法(过去分词的构成详见第六章):1.构成现在(过去)完成时 have(has)+过去分词~ I have written the letter. 我写完这封信了。 2.被动语态:参见第十三章 be + 过去分词~ He was looked after.他受到照顾。 3.用于形容词 This is a broken chair. 这是一张坏的椅子。 2现在完成时的否定句 句型:主语+have(has)+not +过去分词~. I have not seen the movie yet.

一般过去时与现在完成时的用法区别

一般过去时与现在完成时区别专题 一、前言: 初一下学期同学们学习了一般过去时态的相关知识,即将到来的初二上学期英语学习中,现在完成时是重要的学习内容。本文通过对比一般过去时和现在完成时,对现在完成时进行初步讲解,希望使同学们读新学期的学习有所准备。 二、现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时是由助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词,说明句子的意义。 2. 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。 We are good friends.(现在的情况) I knew him in 1997.(过去的动作) We have known each other since 1997. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在) (1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如: -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了) (2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 如:He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教) I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 (3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever, never,three times等时间状语。 如:I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 3.现在完成时的时间状语 (1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 如:We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗? -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。 例如:I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。

现在完成时的基本用法

现在完成时讲解与练习 (一)现在完成时的基本用法 (1)强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。 (2)强调对现在的影响或结果,此用法容易和一般过去时混淆。两者的区别是:一般过去时有动作发生的时间点,即过去某一时间发生某一动作;现在完成时则没有,即不强调是哪个时间点发生的动作,而强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 (3)在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作,但是结果对现在有影响。一、现在完成时的构成 (一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) (二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如:

英语现在完成时

英语现在完成时 现在完成时表示到说话时为止(或到现在为止)已经发生或完成了(不一定结束)的动作或状态。过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。 a. 现在完成时的句型 ①肯定句:主语+has/have+动词的过去分词+宾语(或者其他) ②否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+动词的过去分词+宾语 ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语(或者其他).(末尾用问号) b. 现在完成时的用法 1) 表示影响 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成,并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果,同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果,如汉语说”他已离开这个城市了”,其中的”离开”肯定发生了,它对现在的影响或结果就是”他现在已不在这个城市了”;又如汉语说”有人把窗户打破了”,显然”打破窗户”这一动作发生在过去,并且在过去已经完成了,但说话人强调的重点是打破窗户对现在的影响–窗户现在仍是破的。如: He has been away from the city.他已离开这个城市。(结果:他不在这个城市。) Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着。) I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果:我现在无钢笔用。) He has finished his work.他把工作做完了。(结果:他现在可以做其他的事了。) 2) 表示持续 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状态在过去并未完成或结束,而是一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束),如汉语说”他在我们学校教书已有30年了”,显然”他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始,并且一直教到现在,已经持续了30年;又如汉语说”自上个星期以来他一直很忙”,显然”忙”是从上个星期开始的,并且这一”忙”就一直忙到现在。如: He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。 He has been busy since last week.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 He has worked for us ever since he left school.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。 3) 表示重复 即表示从过去某个时间直到现在的这个时间范围内不断重复发生的动作或情况,并且这个不断重复的动作有可能继续下去,也有可能到现在就结束。如:

现在完成时用法84576

现在完成时(1) 基本结构: 肯定句: have/has+过去分词(done)+其他 否定句:have+not/haven’t +过去分词(done) +其他 has+not/ hasn’t+过去分词(done) +其他 一般疑问句及回答:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 Yes, 主语+have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定) 一、表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的对现在造成影响的动作或结果。 I have already spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了) Guo zijun has just come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) 过去分词 1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则: (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为 "i" ,再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2、不规则动词: do---did---done go---went---gone come---came---come have---had---had see---saw---seen be---was/were---been

现在完成时的基本用法

现在完成时的基本用法 1、现在完成时表示影响 Hehasleftthecity.他已离开这个城市。(结果:他不在这个城市。) Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户 仍破着。) Ihavelostmypen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果:我现在无钢笔用。) Hehasfinishedhiswork.他把工作做完了。(结果:他现在可以做其他的事了。) 2、现在完成时表示持续 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束,而是一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去(也 可能到此结束),如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”,显 然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始,并且一直教到现在,已 经持续了30年;又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”,显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的,并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。如: Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30 年了。 Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 Hehasworkedforuseversinceheleftschool.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。 3、现在完成时表示重复

即表示从过去某个时间直到现在的这个时间范围内不断重复发生的动作或情况,并且这个不断重复的动作有可能继续下去,也有可能到现在就结束。如: Howoftenhaveyouseenher?你隔多少见她一次? Myfatherhasalwaysgonetoworkbybike.我父亲一向骑车上班。 4、现在完成时表示将来 同一般现在时可以表示将来一样,现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。如: I’llwaituntilhehaswrittenhisletter.我愿等到他把信写完。 Whenyouhaverested,I’llshowyouthegarden.等你休息好之后,我领你看我们的花园。 二、现在完成时的基本定义和句型构成 基本定义 现在完成时有两种用法 1.过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作。 2.表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态。 句型构成 基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p) 现在完成时用法 现在完成时用法 ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或者其他). ②否定句:主语+havenot/hasnot+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语.

(英语)英语现在完成时提高训练

(英语)英语现在完成时提高训练 一、初中英语现在完成时 1.This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意:博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态,用现在完成时态;后句表示的是现在的状态,用一般现在时态。故选D。 2.The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010. A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态.句意"自2010以来,志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助.".A过去时.B现在完成时态.C现在进行时态.D一般将来时态.since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,主语是volunteers复数,用助动词have.offer的过去分词是offered.答案是B. 3.My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年,所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知,此句要用现在完成时,主语my father,助动词要用has,故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法,注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾!我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也,常和现在完成时的否定结构连用,可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。

现在完成时的构成英语语法大全

现在完成时的构成 一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词 用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构 成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) 二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分 别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如: 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它? 说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为any ,ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ,主语+have/has.否定回答用“No,主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No,not yet./No ,never./No,not even once.”等。实例:

现在完成时的用法

现在完成时的用法 一、概念 现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。 二、理解: 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 四、基本用法: 1.已完成用法(影响性用法)。该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作 在过去已经完成,并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果,同时 说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果。如:

He has left the city. 他已离开这个城市。(结果。如:他不在这个城市) Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。(结果。如:窗户仍破着) Have you seen my bag? 你看到我的手提包了吗?(结果。如:你知道它在哪里吗?) I have bought two apples.我买了两个苹果。(“买”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的结果是:拥有两个苹果。) 【注】现在完成时“完成用法”的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,just, yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning/month /year..., today等)连用。already,just多用于肯定句中,ever,yet,never多用于疑问句和否定句中。 如:I have already finished my homework.我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal.他刚吃过饭。 Have you ever sung this English song?你曾唱过这首英文歌吗? They haven't started yet.他们还没有动身。 We have never heard of it.我们从来没有听说过这件事。 2.未完成用法(持续性用法)。如:该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成,而是一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far到目前为止)等。如: He has lived here since 1971. 自从1971年以来,他一直住在这儿。 (动作起始于1971年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。) We have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我们在部队已经呆了五年多了。 (动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。) Have you waited long? 你等了很久吗? We have been busy this afternoon. 今天下午我们一直很忙。 The temperature has stayed hot this week. 这星期天气一直很热。

现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法

现在完成时(短暂性动词与延续性动词)的用法 基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 注(超重要):瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead 1.have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词 1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill 3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词 1“be+on”代start,begin 2“be+up”代get up 3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等

人教版英语英语现在完成时用法总结含答案推荐精选

人教版英语英语现在完成时用法总结含答案推荐精选 一、初中英语现在完成时 1.—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days. —She Wuhan. She'll be back next week. A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:——Catherine在哪里?我好几天没见她。——她已经去武汉了。她将下周回来。主语是she,所以用has,排除C、D。A.已经去了某地,在去的路上,还没有回来;B.已经去过某地,表示去了某地,并且回来了。根据She'll be back next week.她下周回来可知现在还没有回来,故选A。 【点评】考查短语辨析,注意平时识记其区别,理解句意。 2.Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生,但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时,瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用,故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3.The Greens many places of interest since two years ago. A. has visited B. have visited C. visited D. will visit 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:自两年前开始,格林一家参观了许多名胜。since引出的时间状语从句,强调主句谓语从过去某时一直延续到现在,主句用现在完成时态,the Greens格林一家,表示复数含义,作主语,谓语用复数形式。故选B。 4.—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it? —In July. I _____it for two weeks. A. had B. have had C. have bought D. bought 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——你的新自行车那么好看。你什么时候买的。——七月份,我买了两周了。根据for two weeks,可知句子时态为现在完成时,而且谓语动词必须是延续性的。因此排除AD,buy是结束性动词,不能够延续,应此排除,故答案是B。

英语语法现在完成时的基本例句精修订

英语语法现在完成时的 基本例句 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

现在完成时的基本例句: 1.I have worked here since 1970. 自1970 年以来我就在这儿工作。 2.He has been to the Great Wall twice. 他已经去过两次长城了。 3.Mike has just finished his homework. 迈克刚做完他的作业。 现在完成时是描述过去发生的而与现在情况有关的事或状态(例2, 例3),或是从过去某时到现在为止这一段时间中发生的情况(例1),换言之,现在完成时是表现从过去到现在的事情。2 现在完成时的用法现在完成时的形式皆以“ have(has)+过去分词”来表示,有“继续”、“完了”、“结果”、“经验”等用法。 继续 I have studied English for three years. 我已经学习英语三年了。 She has been sick since last month. 她从上个月就生病了。 经验 I have visited Beijing many times. 我访问过北京好多次了。 Have you ever been to Hawaii 你曾经去夏威夷吗 完成 I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 Has he finished his work yet 他作好工作了吗 结果 My brother has become a teacher. 我哥哥已经成为一名教师了。 I have lost my watch. 我手表弄丢了。(我现在仍旧没有表)

现在完成时的构成和用法教学提纲

现在完成时的构成和用法 I. 现在完成时 1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开 始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其他 4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他 5.一般疑问句:have或has。 6.例句:I've written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. II.现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成:助动词have/has + 过去分词 2. 现在完成时的主要用法 ⑴表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在 已经结束。 Someone has just turned off the light. 有人刚把灯关了。 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了家庭作业。 ⑵表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能 仍在继续。 I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last. 我想看看从上次见到那地 方以来它发生了多大变化。 I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。 ⑶表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? 你曾去过颐和园吗? I have never had a car. 我从未有过汽车。 ⑷现在完成时还常与句型This is the first time…,It’s the first time …连用。 This is the first time he has driven a car. 这是他第一次开车。 ⑸现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最…的。 It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。 3. 现在完成时的时间状语 ⑴常与不确定的时间状语连用,如:already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作. ⑵还可以和包括现在在内(到说话时仍未结束)的,表示一段时间的状语连用, 如:now, today, this morning (afternoon, evening, week, month, year), these days, since, for a long time等. ⑶since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since之后的时间为一点。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。

英语中现在完成时的基本用法讲解

英语中现在完成时的基本用法讲解 (含义:我对他有所了解了,现在能够谈谈他的情况了。 )Have you been to Paris?你去过巴黎吗?(含义:如果你去过,你可以谈谈巴黎的情况。 如果你没有去过,我建议你去看看,或者我现在给你介绍一下巴黎的情况。 )We have never heard of such a man.我们从来没有听说过这样的人。 (含义:因此我们对“他一无所知,你问我们也是白问。 )模仿造句:1.因此,我们以前参观莫斯科(Moscow)。 2.你弟弟去去印度(India)吗? 3.这些孩子从未用过电脑。 2.现在完成时,表示过去某种行为的结果对现在有直接的影响Tom has lost his pen.汤姆的钢笔已经丢了。 (含义:结果是现在没笔用,必须借一支笔,或者买一支笔。 )Dad, I have finished my homework.爸爸,我已经做完家庭作业了。 (含义:现在应该可以让我出去玩会或者看下电视了。 )He has gone to Hong Kong.他已经去香港了。 (含义:结果是他不在这里,你在这儿见不到他了。 )模仿造句:1.杰克已把铅笔弄断了。 2.妈,我已经吃过中饭了。 3.玛丽已经去广州了。 3.现在完成时,表示某经历的时间长度(一般用for引导的时间状

语)Mr. Smith has been in China for 10 years.史密斯先生在中国待过10年了。 (含义:他待的时间够长的了,他对中国的情况很熟了,或者他的中文自然讲得很棒了。 )Jane has stayed in Shanghai for 3 days.珍妮在上海待了两天。 (含义:珍妮待在上海的时间短,对这里的情况还很不熟悉,或者她不应该马上离开,应该多玩几天。 )I have taught English for 10 years.我已经教英语10年了。 (含义:我教英语的时间已经非常长了,有丰富的教学经验了。 )模仿造句:1.简(Jane)已经在杭州住了8年了。 2.我妈已经在这家公司工作20年了。 3.今天我已经练英语口语2个小时了。 本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)本文已获转载授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习。

(完整版word)英语现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习含答案

(完整版word)英语现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习含答案 一、初中英语现在完成时 1.—_______ my dictionary? I can't find it anywhere. —I _______ it on the desk when I came in. A. Did you see; have seen B. Have you seen; have seen C. Have you seen; saw D. Did you see; see 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:---你看见我的词典了吗?我到处都找不到了。---我进来的时候看见在桌子上。根据句意,第一空实际上是询问词典在哪儿,即表示看见词典与现在有关系,所以用现在完成时;第二空根据when I came in可知是过去我进来的时候发生的动作,用一般过去时,故答案为C。 【点评】考查动词的时态,注意理解句意,根据时态的定义判断。 2.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾!我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也,常和现在完成时的否定结构连用,可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。 3.A number of tourists _____ Yangzhou many times because such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:很多游客多次去过扬州,因为它是如此美丽的一个城市。have been to,表示去过某个地方,have gone to,表示去了某地,还没回来。many times是很多次,游客们应该是去过很多次,用have/has been to+地点,由于主语是复数,助动词用have,故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时,注意have been to表示去过回来了,have gone to表示去了还没回来。 4.So far, the AIIB(亚投行)_____ 57 countries to be the founding members. A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:到目前为止,亚投行吸引了57个国家成为发起国。So far,到目前为止,句子强调过去对现在造成的结果,用现在完成时态。故选B。

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