动词不定式专项练习【含答案】
动词不定式
1.动词不定式的构成
形式构成例子
动词肯定式to(不定式符号)+动词原形to speak
不否定式not+to+动词原形not to speak
定式疑问式疑问词+to+动词原形how to speak
不to+动词原形+宾语to speak English
定to+动词原形+状语to speak loudly
式to+动词原形+宾语+状语to speak English loudly
短语to+be+表语to be a teacher
2.动词不定式的功能
功能结构特点例句
主 a.常用it做形式主语，动词不定式做It’s useful for us to learn English well
真正的主语，放在句子后面。基本结构是学好英语对我们来说是很有用的。
语It is/was +adj.(for/of sb.)+to do sth
b.常用It takes sb sometime to do sth.结构It took me ten minutes to get there.
宾 a.用在及物动词之后I want to buy a computer.
b.常用it做形式宾语，动词不定式做真正的I think it important to learn English well.
宾语，放在句子的后面。基本结构我认为学好英语很重要。
语是：主语+谓语动词+it+adj.+to do sth
表语 a.用在连系动词之后my job is to feed animals.
定 a.动词不定式做定语时应后置，表示将要发生I want to the first one to get to the top of the
语的动作。被修饰语是不定式的逻辑主语或宾语。mountain. 我想成为第一个到达山顶的人。
宾语 a.用在宾语之前，否定形式一般是在The teacher told you not to talk in class.
补足语不定式前加not
状语 a.表示目的I usually go to see my grandparents.
b.表示原因I’m glad to see you here.
c.表示结果the shoes are too small for me to wear.
d.表示程度tom is old enough to go to school.
说明：为避免重复使用动词，常用to代替不定式短语。
--would you like to go swimming? --yes, I’d love to .
用法诀窍：to加动原是不定，非谓不做谓语用。有时有态无人称，功能如同名副形。可做宾状主表定，疑问副代可连用。宾补有to无to分两种，to前加not是否定。
用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）和跟双宾语的动词
1.用动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）
动词（短语）短语形式例句说明
Ask,decide,hope,want,agree +to do I agree to teach them English 这些动词只能接动词
choose,wish,would like 不定式作宾语
hate,like,love,prefer,begin,stare +to do sth/doing sth I like singing, but now I don’t like to sing. 差别意义不大
try，forget,remember,stop,go on +to do sth/doing sth please remember to lock the door 意义差别很大。
Help + to do sth /do sth kate usually helps to do some housework at home to可省略
Need +to do sth/doing sth you need to go home quickly,加动词不定式表示助动意义。
Your shoes need mending.加ing表示被动意义。
Ask,choose,decide,forget, 9 +疑问词+to do sth I don’t know how to answer this question. 疑问词why没有know,learn,aee,show,teach ,tell,understand,find out 次用法，不定式的逻辑主语常是句子的主语。
2.跟双宾语的动词。
概述：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语，前者指物，表示动作的承受着或结果，后者常指人，表示动作的执行者或者对象。
结构：a.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语+sb+sth please pass me the book
b.动词+直接宾语+介词（to/for）+间接宾语+sth to/for+sb please pass the cheese to me
说明1.当直接宾语为人称代词时，用结构b please pass it to me
2.当直接宾语比间接宾语短时，常用结构b lei feng always gave his seat to an old person
or a person with a baby.
3.当强调间接宾语时，多用结构b。dad bought the book doe me, not for you
4.在give,pass,show,hand.lend,return,sell.send,take,bring 等动词后，常用to表示给，强调
动作的对象。
I’m sorr，I’ve lent the book to kate
5.在buy,get,make,choose,cook,do fingd,sing等动词之后常用for表示“为，替”强调动作
的目的。
Please get two kilos of eggs for me.
一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语2. It’s dangerous to drive very fast.
1．To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
二、作表语My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。
如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如：All I did was wait here. 我能做的就是在这里等。
三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要),
mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。
四、“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。I don’t know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。五、“疑问词+ 动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask 等后面的直接宾语。
She told me where to find the earphone. 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。
六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+ 谓语+ it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。
七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。
Autumn harvest is about to start. 秋收即将开始。I’m worrying about what to do next. 我正愁下一步该怎么办。
八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。I have a lot of books to read. 我有许多书要读。此时，如果动词定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。We had only a cold room to live in. 我们只有寒室一间。
九、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有主谓关系。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到，最后一个走。
十、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词之间只有修饰关系。We have no time to go to town today. 今天我们没有时间去城里。十一、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、结果等。
I’m glad to meet you. 见到你，我很高兴。They ran over to welcome the foreign guests. 他们跑过来欢迎外宾。
十二、不定式复合结构“for sb to do sth”可用作主语、表语、定语、状语等。
It’s for her to decide. 这得由她来决定。（表语）There are many books for you to read. 这有许多书供你阅读。（定语）The book ids too difficult for children to read. 这本书太难了，孩子们看
动词不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
2. 不带to的不定式结构
以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式：
（1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。如：You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。It’s cold outside. You’d better not go o ut.外面很冷，你最好不要出去。
（2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。I didn’t see you come in.我没看见你进来。
（3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。如：Why not study with us？为什么不和我们一起学呢？Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday？为什么不休个假呢?
（4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。如：I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这个事实我别无选择。What do you like to do besides swim?（5）为了避免重复，不定式可
省去to。如：I’m really puzzled what to think or say.对于想什么或说什么，我真的很困惑。二、不定式的时态
不定式常用的时态有一般时、完成时、进行时和完成进行时四种，常用的为前三种。
1. 一般时动词不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在之后发生。如：
I plan to attend the meeting. 我计划参加这次会议。
2. 完成时不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如：
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.很抱歉让你久等了。
3. 进行时
不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。如：They are said to be working hard.据说他们工作得很努力。
4. 完成进行时不定式的完成进行式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前已经发生，并且一直进行着。如：
He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years.
据说他已在那家工厂工作12年了。
三、动词不定式在句中的作用
1．作主语To live is to work. 生活就是工作。To save time is to lengthen life. 节约时间就等于延长了人的生命。
不定式结构作主语时，现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语，而把不定式结构后置的形式。如：It is important for students to study English.
学好英语对学生来说是很重要的。
2.作定语（1）不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。如：I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。（2）如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。如：Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。（3）有些名词常可用不定式作定语。如：Our teacher had no time to think about rest. 我们老师根本没时间考虑休息一下。
3.作宾语a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如：We agreed to start early．She wants to be a doctor．b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。
点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。
提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如：I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。
点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
提示板：1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。
例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk．
当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。
2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：
The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep．I feel it easy to recite the text．
点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用
法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。I wish to be a college student.我希望成为一名大学生。有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。如：
I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。
4. 作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点，学习时要注意以下三种情况。
（1）作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。如：
He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈英语学习。
（2）作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see, watch等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to要省略。如：The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样说这个单词。
（3）作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。如：
Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box？你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？
5. 作状语动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。
（1）作目的状语。如：He stopped to have a rest. 他停下来休息。
（2）作结果状语。如：He woke up to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。
（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。如：I’m sorry to hear your grandma is ill.听到你奶奶生病真遗憾。
（4）在带有enough或too的句子里作状语，表程度。如：He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学年龄了。
（5）强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形，so as to不用于句首。如：
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.公共汽车停下来以便接乘客。
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.A. to send B. send C.
sending D. being sent
2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___A. sit B. sit onC. be satD. be sat on
3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow?A. this B. that C. it D. which
4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.A. to smokeB. smokingC. smokes D. smoke
5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil
6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some foodA. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
7. John was made —e car for a week as a punishment.A. to wash B. washingC. washD. to be washing
8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday.
A. be cleaning
B. to be cleaned
C. clean
D. being cleaned
9. The first thing I want to do is __________.
A. visit to him
B. to visit him
C. visiting him
D. visited him
10. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk.
A. not to drink
B. to drink
C. not drinking
D. drinking参考答案
1. A. forget to do sth . 忘记去做某事。forget doing sth . 忘记做过某事。
2. B. sit on the chair, 其中on不能少。
3. C. it为形式主语。
4. A. allow sb to do
5. D. tell sb, to do
6. B. stop to do 停下去做另一件事。stop doing 停止做某事。
7.
A. make sb do 在被动语态中为be made to do .8.
B. need to be done与need doing皆为“需要被做”之意。9. B. 不定式结构作表语。10. A. 不定式的否定式：advise sb not to do
1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.
A. producing
B. to produce
C. having produced
D. produced
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.
A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make
3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .
A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard
4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.
A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard
5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.
A .to tell
B .to be told
C .telling
D .told
6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked
7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise. A .don’t make B. not make C. not making
D .not to make
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.
A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.
A. to share
B. to have shared
C. share
D. sharing
10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. robbed
B. to have been robbed
C. being robbed
D. having been robbed
11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.
A. being destroyed
B. having been destroyed
C. to be destroyed
D. to have been destroyed
12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.
A. to take place
B. to be taken place
C. to have taken place
D. being taken place
13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.
A. and finished
B. to finish
C. and finishing
D. to finished
14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having
15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read
16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.
A. wait, to come
B. wait; come
C. waiting; coming
D. waited; came
17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solve B. solving C. being solved
D. to be solving
18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.
A. making
B. to make
C. to have made
D. having made
19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.
A. hearing, saying, to repair
B. to hear, say, to repair
C. hearing, say, repairin
D. to hear, saying, to be repaired
20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.
--- I meant _________, but when I wa s leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do
B. to
C. doing
D. doing so
21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying
22. I’m gong to Xi’an next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?
A. to take
B. to be taken
C. to be bought to
D. to buy
23. when are they __________ in their plan?A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give
24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survived
D. will survive
25. When we hurried to the station, there happened__ no bus at that time.A. to have B. to be
C. having
D. being
26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.
A. made
B. having made
C. making
D. to make
27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________ a good rest.
A. no, to take
B. no, taking
C. any, to take
D. one, taking
28. --Are you a student? --No, but I used _________.
A. to be
B. to was
C. to do
D. to be a
29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.
A. to enjoy, to shut
B. to be enjoying, shutting
C. to be enjoying, shut
D. to have enjoyed, having shut
30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
31. We’re leaving at six o’clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.
A. to do
B. to have done
C. to make
D. to have made
32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.
A. understood
B. to be understood
C. to understand
D. understand
33. Who will you get __________ the project for us?
A. design
B. to design
C. designed
D. designing
34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know __________.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
35. We are not allowed __________ outdoors with some other children.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. to play
D. be playing
36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _________ to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role __________in making the earth a better place to live in.
A. to have played
B. to play
C. to be played
D. to be playing
38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _________.
A. to send
B. for sending it
C. to send it to
D. for sending it to
39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _________ everything.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. to be telling
D. to have been told
40. There are five pairs ___________, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
41. The problem is _________ difficult for us __________.
A. so; work out
B. very too; to be worked out
C. rather too, to work out
D. quite too, to work it out
42. ---Where should I _________ my application? ---The personnel office is the place __________.
A. send; to send it
B. send for; to send it to
C. send for; for sending it
D. send; to send it to
43. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ___________ in my new job.
A. expected
B. to expect
C. expects
D. to be expecting
44. I feel it is your husband who ___________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame
B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed
D. should blame
45. Can you imagine the questions I had __________ our teacher?
A. asked
B. to ask
C. asking
D. ask
46. Who did you _________ the wall yesterday? A. have painted B. have paint C. have to paint D. have painting
47. ---What’s the matter with John? ---He didn’t pass the test but he still ___________.
A. hopes so
B. hopes to
C. hope it
D. hope that
48. Much attention should be paid ____________ people’s living conditions.
A. in improving
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
49. ___________ that evening was due to his ill health.
A. He failed to come
B. That he failed to coming
C. His failure to come
D. His failure in coming
50. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
51. My family considers ________ a computer, which is considered ________ a great help in our work and study.
A. to buy; to be
B. buying; being
C. to buy; being
D. buying; to be
52. With the plane _________ in ten minutes, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off their mobile phones.
A. taken off
B. taking off
C. to take off
D. would take off
53. Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken _________ me.
A. to help
B. with to help
C. in helping
D. of helping
54. He is believed ________ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard now.
A. to pass
B. to have passed
C. pass
D. that he can pass
55.--- Will you have anybody _________ the flowers? ---- Yes, I’ll have the flowers _________.
A. plant, planted
B. to plant, planted
C. plant; to be planted
D. to plant , plant
56. They are looking forward with hope________ from you soon.
A. to hearing
B. of hearing
C. hearing
D. to hear
57. Busy translating a book, he couldn’t help _________ the article.
A. write
B. writing
C. wrote
D. written
58. Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made__________. She always studies very hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learning
D. learned
59. ________this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar, and 175 g flour.
A. Having made, B, Make C. To make D. Making
60. I feel it an honour _________ to speak here.
A. to be asked
B. to ask
C. having asked
D. asked
1---10 BCDDB BDACB 11---20 DABCC ABBCB 21---30 ABCBB DAACC
31-40 BCBCC ABCDB 41—50CDBAB BBDCB 51—60 DCAAA AABCA
1. Tell him ______ the light.A. to turn B. not to turn on C. to not turn D. not to turn
2. It took us more than two hours _______ the dinner. A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. to be prepared
3. We felt the earth _______. A. move B. moveing C. to move D. be moved
4. The students were made ______ the text ten times. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to be read
5. The chair looks rather hard _______, but in fact it is very comfortable. A. to sit B. to sit on C. sitting D. sit
6. Nobody knows __________next.A. what to do B. to do what C. which to do D. how to do
7. It is very important ______ us ________these words.
A. to, to remember
B. for, to remember
C. for, remember
D. for, remembering
8. _______ English well, one must have a lot practice A. For speaking B. Speaking C. To speak D. Speak
9. I'm going to the library ______ the books. A. return B. borrow C. to return D. to lend
10. We went to town _________ some shopping. A. doing B. did C. to make D. to do
11. The funny story _______ me laugh.A. make B. making C. to make D. made
12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _________.
A. stop to have a rest
B. to stop having a rest
C. to stop to have a rest
D. stopping to have a rest
13. It is very kind _______ you to help me with my housework. It is hard _____me to do allthe work.
A. of, for
B. for, of
C. of, to
D. to, for
14. Many people think it very difficult _______ English. A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking
15. The teacher asked the students __________ her _______ the word again.
A. listen to; to read
B. to hear; say
C. to listen to; speak
D. to listen to; pronounce
16.Remember ______ the book here tomorrow. A. bring B. to bring C. take D. to
take
17. ---Let's have a rest, shall we? --- Not now. I don't want to stop _______ the letter yet.
A. write
B. to write
C. writing
D. and write
18. ---This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me __________, Wang Lin? --- Sure.
A. what to work it out
B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out
D. how to work out it
19.--- How can I improve my spoken English? --- You have to practise ______ as much as you can.
A. speak
B. speaking
C. spoken
D. to speak
20. --- How about going hiking this weekend? --- Sorry. I prefer _______ rather than _______.
A. to stay at home, go out
B. to go out, stay at home
C. staying at home, go out
D. going out, stay at home
1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBA
一、动词不定式作主语1. It's our duty _________ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省)
2. It's hard for us _________ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)
3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)
4. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.A. for，of B. of，for C. to，for D. of，to(安徽省)Keys：1.
A 2. C 3. take，to，build 4. B
［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard，difficult，easy，important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。
二、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants ______ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)
2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing
C. to take
D. taking (福建3. He found it very difficult ______.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)
Keys：1. C 2. A 3. D［简析］在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。
三、动词不定式作宾语补足语1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him
B. to help him with
C. to help with
D. helps him with (江苏省)
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省)
Key：1. B 2. C［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等。四、动词不定式作状语
1. She went ______ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)
2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to
learn D. learns (四川省)
Key：1. A 2. C［简析］go，come，try，do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。3. I'm sorry ______ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)
4. I'm sorry ______ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)
5. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省) Keys：3. D 4. B 5. A简析］＂be +形容词+ to do sth＂结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。
6. The panda is so fat that it can't go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子)
The hole ______ ______ ______ ______ such a fat panda to go through. (广东省)
7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)
The ice on the lake wasn't ______ enough ______ people ______ ______ ______. (广东省) Keys：6. is，too，small，for 7. thick，for，to，skate，on［简析］在上述＂too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do…＂(太……而不能……)和＂enough (for sb) to do…＂(足以、足够……做……)结构中，不定式作结果状语。
五、动词不定式作定语1. Would you like something ______?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)
2. I have a lot of homework ______.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)
3. He is not an easy man ______.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省) Key：1. C 2. D 3. D［简析］不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。
六、不带to的动词不定式1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter
C. entering
D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them ______ very tired.A. to feel
B. feels
C. feeling
D. feel (吉林省)
3. Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)
4. I was made ______ my homework in the afternoon.
A. do
B. doing
C. to do
D. did (贵州省)
Key：1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C［简析］1.在see，watch，hear，feel等感官动词和make，have，let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式要带to(let没有被动语态)。2.在＂had better＂后面接不带to的不定式。七、动词不定式的否定形式
1. Mr Black asked the man ________ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jump C. didn't jump D. not jump (广西壮族
2. The old man told the child ______ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be
D. be not (湖北省)
3. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.A. have，not to be B. have，not be
C. be，not to be
D. be，not be (内蒙古自治区)Key：1. A 2. B 3. C简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.
八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别
1. Please stop ______ a rest if you feel tired.A. to have B. having C. have D. has (广西壮族自治区)
2. ——Why didn't you buy some bread on your way home?——Sorry, I forgot ______ some
money with me.
A. take
B. taking
C. to take
D. took (湖北省)3. ——Let's have a rest, shall we?——Not now, I can't stop ______ the letters.A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)
4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop ______ (walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)(四川省) Key：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking简析］一些常见的动词后面接不定式和接动词的-ing形式的区别如下：＂stop to do sth＂意为＂停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事＂，＂stop doing sth＂意为＂停止正在做的事＂：＂remember to do sth＂意为＂记住去做某事＂(事还未做)，＂remember doing sth＂意为＂记得做过某事＂(事已做)：＂go on to do sth＂意为＂接着做某事＂(做完一事，接着做另一事)，＂go on doing sth＂意为＂继续做某事＂(一事未做完接着往下做)：＂forget to do sth＂意为＂忘了做某事＂(事还未做)，＂forget doing sth＂意为＂忘了曾做过某事＂(事已做)。
5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane ______ over my head.A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省)
6. A woman saw it ______ when she was walking past.A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龙江省)
Key：5. B 6. A［简析］在see，hear，watch，feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，用不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，用动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行(动作尚未结束)。
九、动词不定式的省略及其符号to的保留1. Would you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, ______. What time are we going to meet?A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. I'd like to (浙江省)2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?______. What time are we going to meet?A. No, I can't B. Yes, I'm glad C. Yes, I'd love to D. I'd like (大连市)
Keys：1. D 2. C简析］在口语中，动词不定式中的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。这种用法常见于＂be glad to＂，＂would like (love) to＂，＂have to＂等结构中。
十、动词不定式的被动式和其他形式The new hospital ______ is near the factory.A. build B. builds C. to build D. to be built (青海省)Key：D［简析］当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者(宾语)时，用动词不定式的被动式，即：to be +过去分词；如果不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，不定式用完成式，即：to have +过去分词；如果不定式表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，用不定式的进行式，即：to be +现在分词
动词不定式专项练习
动词不定式专项练习 （一）选择 1. The policeman told the little boy _____ football in the street. It’s dangerous. A. not play B. not playing C. not to play D. to play 2. Martin looks so well. We’ve never seen him ______ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 3. They preferred ______ in bed rather than ___ horses. A. to lie; to ride B. lying; riding C. to lie; ride D. lying; ride 4. —What do you think of tomorrow’s football match? — ______difficult for us ______ the match. A. We’re; to win B. We’re; winning C. It’s; to win D. It’s; winning 5. — Hi, Peter. Why are you in such a hurry? — ______the 7:30 train. A. Catch B. To catch C. Catching D. Caught 6. Don’t forget _________ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 7. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 8. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 9. I’m afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 10. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 11. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 12. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
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语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、构成：to do .否定式not to do 二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后 置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___ It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. It's our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省）
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初二英语语法：动词不定式详解及习题 一..不定式的构成：to+ 动词原形 二不定式的特征：不定式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词，形容词，和副词的特征，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语。宾语补足语，定语，和状语。现将用法归纳如下。 （一）、动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有： (1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth. (2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth (3)It takes sb some time to do sth (4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式 注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is…to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see. It's for sb.和It's of sb. 1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult,interesting, impossible等： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 （二）、动词不定式作宾语 1. He wants to buy some vegetables. 2. Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school. 3. He found it very difficult ______. 常接不定式作宾语的动词;want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面 Sb + V + it （形式宾语）+ agj （形容词）+to+ V（宾语）注意无BE动词。 (三)、动词不定式作宾语补足语 Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends to cook Chinese food. He found it very difficult to learn English well. 不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，teach，expect，tell，allow 等。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面 Sb + V + it （形式宾语）+ agj （形容词）+to+ V（宾语）注意无be动词。 (四)、动词不定式作状语 .She went to visit her teacher. go，come，try，do / try one's best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。be +形容词+ to do sth＂结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。 too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do…＂(太……而不能……)和＂enough (for sb) to do…＂(足以、足够……做……)结构中，不定式作结果状语。 so\such......... that........如此......以致......的用法及与其它句型的互换. A.Sb\Sth +be\ V+ so + adj\adv (a\an+adj +n)+that + can't\couldn't......... = Sb\Sth +be\ V+ too+adj\adv(for+Sb\Sth)+to+V ...... .....如此......以致....=太而.....不能.....
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详解动词不定式的五种
详解动词不定式的五种“式” 不定式根据其发生的时间不同以及所处的状语的不同，可以有一般式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式，同时根据它与逻辑主语的关系的不同，可以有主动式和被动式。如下表： 一、不定式一般式的用法 1. 表示未发生的动作 即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。如： I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。 I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。 The doctor advised me to take a complete rest. 医生建议我完全休息。 2. 表示同时发生的动作 即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。如： Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的？(say与heard几乎同时发生) I?m sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。(to hear 略先于am sorry) 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。 None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。 二、不定式进行式的用法 1. 表示同时进行
即表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。如： He seems to be following us. 他似乎在跟着我们。 He pretended to be looking for a book. 他假装在找书。 I happened to be looking out of the window when they arrived. 他们到达时我碰巧正向窗外望去。 2. 表示将来 正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样，不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。如：You are lucky to be going by air. 你挺幸运的，能乘飞机走。 He was happy to be coming home. 就要回家了他感到高兴。 I happened to be going that way. 我恰好也是到那里去。 I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out. 我答应在门口一直 等到他出来。 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： I noticed that he seemed to be smoking a lot. 我发现他似乎烟瘾很大。 Just to be doing something was a help. 做点事是有益处的。 You are too young to be meeting young men. 你太小，不能交男朋友。 三、不定式完成式的用法 1. 表示比谓语动作更早的动作 即不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如： I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。 They are said to have left London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。 I happened to have driven that kind of car before. 碰巧我过去曾开过那种汽车。 I?m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。 2. 表示比某特定时间更早的动作 即表示在某个特定的时间之前已完成的动作。如： I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。