00012英语(一) 全国2001年10月自考 试题和答案

00012英语(一) 全国2001年10月自考 试题和答案
00012英语(一) 全国2001年10月自考 试题和答案

全国2001年10月高等教育自学考试

英语(一)试题

课程代码:00012

全部题目用英文作答(英译汉题目除外),并将答题纸的相应位置上,否则不计分。

PART ONE

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将答案写在答题纸上。

1.American people are not very happy on April 15,when the federal taxes

are .

A. high

B. near

C. close

D. due

2.Some language learners find difficult to succeed in other

fields of science.

A. that

B. so

C. it

D. them

3.Animals can live only on plants have already turned from

inorganic to vegetable matter.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. how

4.A few years ago, the belief became general orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal.

A. that

B. so that

C. and that

D. now that

5.The real difference between plants and animals in what they do,

and not in what they seem to be.

A. is laid

B. is lain

C. lays

D. lies

6.We now know that about all the kinds of seaweed are animals.

A. one fourth

B. one fourth of

C. one four of

D. the one fourth

7.Scientists could see many things that most people would to see.

A. fell

B. fail

C. fall

D. fill

8.The children stay in the nuclear family they grow up and marry.

A. because

B. once

C. after

D. until

9.Sometimes problems grow out of a observation.

A. charge

B. change

C. chance

D. choice

10.Eager buyers bought all 50 of the items in one weekend.

A. but

B. yet

C. out

D. beyond Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)

下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案,并将答案写在答题纸上。

How will the present-day science develop in the near future, i.e. the next decade or so? To 11 with, we can expect 12 science to produce a vast increase in entirely new products of all 13 .These will range from light-weight, high-strength materials for 14 in the many specialized branches of engineering, 15 drugs and chemicals with a greatly-increased selectivity 16 can be used in medicine and agriculture. However, in this 17 case in particular, it may be predicted 18 the wide-spread application and combination of new and more complex products will give 19 to unexpected interreactions or

side-effects. For this reason, greatly intensified programmes of research will be required in 20 to discover and eliminate the harmful results of such combination.

11. A. talk B. begin C. introduce D. research

12. A. applied B. social C. nuclear D. economic

13. A. lines B. levels C. kinds D. values

14. A. work B. help C. use D. shift

15. A. to B. for C. in D. with

16. A. it B. what C. whether D. which

17. A. late B. later C. latter D. last

18. A. why B. that C. which D. whether

19. A. way B. fall C. light D. rise

20. A. general B. order C. question D. nature

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案,并将答案写在答题纸上。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

One of the advantages of being self-employed is that the profit the business makes belongs to the owner. If the self-employed person is successful in business, he or she has the chance to earn a great deal of money and even become wealthy. The profit earned by a self-employed person is the reward for his or her effort, ability, and creativity. Thus, a second advantage of being self-employed is that a person's intelligence and abilities have a direct effect on his or her earnings. People who have outstanding abilities or intelligence often find they can earn far more through self-employment than they can through working as an employee. A third advantage of being self-employed is that a person can control both the number of hours worked and the hours of work. While not all self-employed people are completely free to choose whatever hours they want to work, most of them have more control over this area than do the people who work for salaries or wages.

As with most things in life, being self-employed is not without problems. First, being one's own boss places the responsibility for success directly on that individual's shoulders. Abilities and intelligence will be put to the test. Everyone has some weaknesses and is less capable in some things than in others. These weaknesses will affect how successful a self-employed person is. Second, though the self-employed can earn considerable profits with a successful business, losses can force them out of business and, in some instances, place them in debt. A third disadvantage concerns income security. Self-employed people have no guaranteed wage. Their earnings can vary greatly from year to year, depending on business conditions. Salaried people, on the other hand, can generally count on continued earnings from year to year. In addition, salaried people often enjoy fringe benefits that

mean greater peace of mind. Fringe benefits are all of the benefits provided for employees in addition to wages and salaries. One of these benefits may be insurance paid for by the employer that continues the employee's salary in the event of sickness or accident. Many self-employed people do not have such protection, unless they put money aside themselves.

21.A self-employed person is one .

A. who can make a big profit

B. who is his or her own boss

C. whose business has a better chance to success

D. who employs no others but his or her relatives

22.One of the advantages self-employment offers is that self-employed

people .

A. may decide when and how long they work

B. have outstanding abilities and intelligence

C. may get more business support from the government

D. are easy to earn money and ready to become wealthy

23.One problem of self-employment is that .

A. there is no guarantee of income security

B. it is comparatively weak in management

C. an employer's earnings have nothing to do with business conditions

D. salaries may vary greatly from person to person

24.We may guess from the context that fringe benefits .

A. are all the money provided for employees

B. are benefits an employee receives apart from wages and salaries

C. consist of those that are paid by insurance companies

D. result from business activities the employer has organized

25.The author's attitude towards self-employment is .

A. positive

B. negative

C. indifferent

D. objective

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. It tells plants when to form flowers and insects when to leave protective cocoon(茧)and fly away. And it tells animals and human beings when to awaken, sleep, and seek food. It controls our body temperatures, the release of some hormones(激素)and even dreams. Events outside the plant and animal affect its actions. Scientists recently found that a tiny animal called Siberian hamster changes the color of its fur because of the number of hours of daylight. In shorter days of winter its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray-brown in longer hours of daylight in summer.

Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some internal one seems to order birds to begin their migration flights two times each year. Birds prevented from flying become restless when it is time for the trip. But they become calm again when the time of the flight

has ended.

A mix of outside and internal events controls some biological clocks; such things as heartbeat and the daily change from sleep to walking take place because of both external and internal signals.

Scientists are beginning to learn which parts of the brain contain the biological clocks. A researcher at Harvard University—Dr. Martin Moore Ede—said a small group of cells near the front of the brain seems to control the timing of some of our actions. Probably there are other cells to control other body activities. He is studying how they affect the way we do our work. Most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours. It can take many days for a human body to accept a major change in work hours. Industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said such an understanding could reduce sickness and accidents at work, and would help increase production.

26.Which of the following can not be controlled by biological clocks?

A. Dreams.

B. When and what to eat.

C. Body temperature.

D. When the flowers should open.

27.The author mentions Siberian hamster to illustrate that .

A. every living thing has b biological clock

B. Siberian hamster is a highly adaptive species

C. biological clocks can change an animal's skin color

D. external factors can affect the behavior of an organism

28.From the passage we can infer that .

A. biological clocks are responsible for all the human behaviors

B. biological clocks are too mysterious to be explained

C. heartbeat and some daily activities affect biological clocks

D. studies on biological clocks can throw some light on human actions

29.Why should industrial officials have a better understanding of

biological clocks?

A. Because some cells in the brain are very important.

B. Because it is very hard to change working time.

C. Because it may lead to improvement of work efficiency.

D. Because it takes a long time for a person to get used to the shift

of work hours.

30.The best title for the passage could be .

A. A Brief Account of Biological Clocks

B. Biological Clocks and Work Efficiency

C. How Biological Clocks Work

D. The Location of Biological Clocks

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

“There is no arguing about taste”—runs the Latin proverb. But taste did not just happen. Cultural, historical, biological and environmental events have interacted to cause frogs, for example, to be viewed as delicious in southern China but to be regarded with revulsion(厌恶)in northern China. Even though much remains unknown, tastes cannot be dismissed as inarguable or illogical; an attempt will be made here to discover why, as Lucretius put it,“What is food to one man may be fierce poison to others?”Among the approximately thirty million tribal people of India, a total of 250 animal species are avoided by one group or another. Most of these people will not eat meat from a tiger or any of various snakes. Although they say they feel a relationship with these animals, it is obvious that both are highly dangerous and that hunting them systematically would be foolish. Monkeys are avoided, probably because they look like human beings in appearance; in these tribes, man-eating is viewed as extremely cruel. A reluctance to eat some female animals has been attributed to respect for the mother's role, but it could also be due to a policy of allowing the females to reproduce and provide more young for people .Many tribes avoid eating any animal that has died of unknown causes, an intelligent attitude in view of the possibility that the animal might have died from a disease that could spread to humans .Animals that consume garbage are similarly avoided, an adaptive step that prevents contact with parasites(寄生虫),and that might explain why members of one tribe eat any of twenty-one different species of rats ,but not the house rat.

31.“There is no arguing about taste”, which means .

A. people don't like to talk about food

B. one's taste in food is hard to explain

C. there is no quarrelling about what to eat

D. no arguments about taste have been heard of before

32.It can be concluded from the first paragraph that .

A. the author is against eating frogs

B. taste is illogical and inarguable

C. some types of frogs are poisonous

D. taste is influenced by many factors

33.The tribal people in India don't eat snakes because .

A. they ate very dangerous

B. they are respected by Indians

C. they may spread disease

D. they help kill rats

34.The tribal people in India may not eat the following animals

EXCEPT .

A. donkeys

B. tigers

C. female deer

D. house rats

35.The passage is probably written for the purpose of .

A. introducing the eating habit of Indian tribal people

B. distinguishing different types of taste

C. accounting for people's different choices of taste

D. explaining the relationship between taste and tribes

PART TWO

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points ,1 point for two words)

将下列汉语单词译成英语并写在答题纸上。作为提示,每个词的词类和第一个字母以及用短

线表示的其余字母数,已给出。

36.卖方n. s 37.抽象的a. a

38.正式的a. f 39.递送v. d

40.最高的a.s 41.证据n. e

42.完美的a. p 43.频繁地ad. f

44.成年人n. a 45.假装v. p

46.农业的a. a 47.遥远的a. r

48.稀有的a. r 49.火山n. v

50.存在v. e 51.能量n. e

52.平均n. a 53.限制v. r

54.熟悉的a. f 55.抱怨v. c

Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each)

将括号中的各词变为适当形式填入空白答案写在答题纸上。

56.Today many people are paying more attention to (reduce)stress

in their lives

57.For a person with good reading habits, a (print)page contains

not only words but ideas, thoughts and feelings.

58.The right answers can be obtained only if the right questions (ask).

59.The first (know)area was in India, where diamonds were found

thousands of years ago.

60.A modern husband shares important decisions with his (work)wife.

61.He was the first to draw a map that (base)on all available

knowledge, rather than guess or imagination.

62.Proverbs are quite common in both written and (speak)English.

63.I suggested that the meeting (hold)at some other time.

64.I didn't go to the party,but I do wish I (be)there

65.It is generally agreed that a panic attack does not directly

(danger)a person's life.

Ⅵ.C-E Translation(15 points,3 points for each)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.她有个朋友过去常常吸毒。

67.正是这些孩子需要心理治疗。

68.研究表明男人比女人更容易得心脏病。

69.购买保险时你能完全信赖保险代理商吗?

70.我认为她不会买象旧衣服和空瓶子这样的东西。

Ⅶ.E-C Translation(15 points)

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Visitors can find almost any kind of restaurant in most of the large cities

in America. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according

to name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities

vary greatly in price. Many restaurants post their menus in the window so you can have some idea of the price and kind of food before you enter. If the menu is not posted, and you are uncertain about how expensive the place is, ask to see a menu before you are seated at a table, or else just ask about the price range. Appearances from the outside can be misleading —what looks like a small, informal restaurant may really be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive restaurant may be very reasonable. You can get a meal for about $5 or slightly more if you eat in bars or coffee shops ,but in most city restaurants you should expect to pay $20 to $30 a person for dinner, with drinks extra.

全国2001年10月高等教育自学考试

英语(一)试题参考答案

课程代码:00012

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and structure (10 points,1 point for each)

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.A

5.D

6.B

7.B

8.D

9.C 10.A

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)

11.B 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.C 18. B 19.D 20.B

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)

21.B 22.A 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.A

31.B 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.C

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point two words)

36.seller 37.abstract 38.formal 39.deliver 40.supreme

41.evidence 42.perfect 43.frequently 44.adult 45.pretend

46.agricultural 47.remote 48.rare 49.volcano 50.exist

51.energy 52.averag 53.restrict 54.familiar https://www.360docs.net/doc/4d15840939.html,plain

Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)

56.reducing 57.printed 58.are asked 59.known

60.working 61.was based 62.spoken 63.(should)be held

64.had been 65.endanger

Ⅵ.C-E Translation(15 points,3 points for each)

66.She has a friend who used to take/use drugs.(Her friend used to take/use drugs.)

67.It is these children that(who)need psychological treatment.

68.Studies show that men are more likely to suffer from heart attacks than women.

69.Can you depend entirely on the agent when you buy insurance?

70.I don’t think she will buy such things as the used clothing and empty bottles.

Ⅶ.E-C Translation(15 points)

游客在美国的多数大城市,几乎可以找到各种类型的餐馆。电话簿以名称、所在城区位

置或食物种类,列出每个城市的餐馆名称。大城市的餐馆价格差别很大。许多餐馆在橱窗里张贴菜单,让你进去之前就对食物的价格和种类有所了解。假如没有贴出菜单,而你又不知道那地方的饭菜贵到什么程度,那么进去之后,可以先要菜单来看,再就坐,要不然就直接问价格高低。光看餐馆的外表,可能产生误导——外表普通的小餐馆,也许实际上极贵;外表看来昂贵的大餐馆,价钱可能很公道。

你在酒吧或咖啡馆,大概五美元或略多一点就可以吃一顿,但在多数城市的餐馆就餐,一个人大概要花20到30美元,而且饮料还要另算。

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第5题请选择出划线部分读音不同的选项( )。 A. theory B. throgh C. birth D. there 答案:D 二、词汇与语法知识(15 points) 第6题She kept a close eye__________the sick child and didn’t sleep the whole night. A.at B.in C.for D.on 答案:D 第7题The effect of TV__________the life of average people is incalculable. A.in B.for C.about D.on 答案:D 第8题Jim is the most intelligent,of __________ A.four US https://www.360docs.net/doc/4d15840939.html, four C.the four US https://www.360docs.net/doc/4d15840939.html, of four 答案:B 第9题I like all kinds of fruit,but my __________is banana. A.favorite B.favored C.favorable D.preferred 答案:A 第10题We were overjoyed at the news of China__________ another man-made satel1ite. A.starting B.1aunching C.fighting D.shouting 答案:B

unit1b自考英语00012最新教材课文翻译

1。 Are you interested in English 你对英语感兴趣吗 Why do you think English has become the international language of the modern world 为什么你认为英语已经成为现代世界的国际语言 2. 2。 What reasons do you expect the author to give for learning a foreign language 你期望作者学习一门外语的原因是什么 Five Good Reasons to Learn a Foreign Language 学习外语的五个好理由。 Still don't understand learning a foreign language is a good idea 还是不明白学习外语是个好主意 Read the following and you will get the idea! 阅读下面的内容,你就会明白了! 1. 1。 Improve your native language 提高你的母语 I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out. 我知道这可能不太有道理,但听我说完。 ⑴ As a person who speaks only one language, you have no basis for comparison; ⑴作为一个人,只会说一种语言,你没有比较的基础; all you know is your native language. 你只知道你的母语。 In different languages the same idea is often expressed in different ways. 在不同的语言中,同样的思想往往以不同的方式表达。 Knowing another language gives you a great measuring stick. 了解另一种语言会给你一个很大的衡量标准。 It will help you better understand tenses, prepositions and all the other parts of speech we normally take for granted. 它将帮助你更好地理解时态、介词以及我们通常认为理所当然的其他部分。

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非选择题区

第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子(第l6~25题,每题l分,共l0分) 阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务:(1)从第l6—20题后所给的6个选项中为第1~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中选择 5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。

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