介词、介词短语和短语动词讲解
介词、介词短语和短语动词
一、考纲内容
熟悉介词的基本意义及用法；辨析相近、易混介词的用法；掌握常用介词短语的意义及用法；掌握常用短语动词的形式、意义及用法。
二、命题趋势
1.语法填空主要考察介词的基本意义和用法，用时兼顾对介词短语的考察。
2.短文改错主要考察介词的误用。
3.考察介词与名词、形容词或动词搭配的意义和用法。
三、介词
（一）介词的分类
1. 从结构上看，介词可以分为以下几类：简单介词（由一个词构成的介词）、合成介词（两个词合在一起的介词）、短语介词（一个或几个简单介词或其他介词组合在一起的介词）、分词介词（部分动词的-ing形式和过去分词形式）。
2. 从意思上考虑，介词可以分为下面三类：引导时间短语的介词、引导地点状语的介词、引导其他短语的介词。
（二）介词（短语）的用法区别
1. 表示方位的at,in,on,to,beside/by和near
(1)at一般指在较小的地方
例：I met him at the shop.
(2)in 一般指在较大的地方，或在某一范围内
例：a. They arrived in Beijing yesterday.
b. Shandong Province lies in the east of China.
(3)on 一般指在物体的表面，或相邻并接壤的两个地域
例：a. The picture is hanging on the wall.
b. Mongolia is on the north of China.
(4)to表示某范围外接壤或不接壤的两个位置
例：Shandong Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province.
(5)beside/by 译为“在...旁边”
例：a. She was standing beside her mother.
b. There is a small house by the river.
(6)near译为“接近；靠近”
例：There is a supermarket near my home.
2.表示方位的between和among
(1)between在两者或每两者之间
例：I stand between Sue and Jane.
(2)among 在三者或三者以上之间
例：The teacher was standing among the students.
3.表示方位的across,through,over和past
（1）across从...的表面穿过
例：He walked across the square to meet us.
(2)through从...的内部穿过
例：The guide led us through the forest.
(3)over从...的上面跨过
例：The thief jumped over the fence and fled away.
(4)past在...的旁边经过
例：She walked past the shop.
4.表示时间的介词
（1）表示“在...”的：at,in,on
a.at表示在某个时间点、时刻或重大节日
例：at 9:00; at noon; at Christmas
b. in表示在某段较长的时间内，世纪、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、下午、傍晚等。
例：in the 21st century; in September; in the morning
c. on表示在具体的日子或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上
例：on 2nd, September; on the morning of 1st, may
(2)表示“在...之后”的after,in
“after+一段时间”在过去时的句子中做时间状语，相当于“一段时间+later”; “in+一段时间”在将来时句子中做时间状语，指离说话时多长时间以后。
例：a. He returned home after a week(a week later).
b. They will come to visit us in a month.
注意：“after+时间点”可在将来时态的句子中做时间状语；“in+时间段”表示“在...时间之内”时，可用于完成时或过去时的句子中。
例：a. I will attend a meeting after 2 o’clock.
b. In the last ten years, great changes have taken place in this village.
(3)表示时间段的for,since
a.“for+时间段”译为“多长时间”，表示动作持续的时间长短，一般做完成时态或过去时态句子中的时间状语。
例：He has lived in the small village for 5 years.
b.“since+时间点”译为“自从...”，做完成时态句子中的时间状语。
例：I haven’t heard from him since three years ago.
5.其他介词
（1）表示交通的by,in,on
“by+名词”表示交通方式时，名词前不加冠词；但是in,on后面的名词必须有冠词或代词等修饰
a.He goes to work by car every day=He goes to work in his car every day.
b.He goes to work by bike every day=He goes to work in his bike every day.
(2)表示“用...”的：by,in,with
by侧重方式、方法，多用于表示无形的工具或手段的名词前；in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前；with多用于表示有形的工具，表示身体器官的名词前。
例：a. He earned his living by selling newspapers.
b. Please write the answer in ink.
c. They are digging with spades.
(3) 表示“除....外”的except, except for 和besides
except表示“除...之外”（其他的都），其后的宾语时被排除在外的，侧重同类事物的排除；except for后被排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的或整体与局部的关系；besides表示“除...之外”（其他的也），其他的宾语是被包括在内的。
例：a. All my friends took part in the party except John.
b. His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
c. He has learned German, French besides English.
(三)介词短语
1.介词可以和名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配。
2.介词短语在句子中可以做状语、定语、表语、补足语等。
3.常考得介词短语
at dawn; at daybreak; in case of; at table; far from; free from; by the way; be fond of; be tired of; be proud of; answer/key to; next to; be similar to; due to; thanks to; be popular with; apart from; instead of; regardless of; in detail; in general; on purpose; above all; in all; after all; in terms of; in need of; in favor of; in return; in short; in place of; in search of; for fear of; in exchange for; in addition to; in spite of; in vain; beyond reach; beyond description; on account of; in a way; in particular; in charge of; as a result of
(四)短语动词
1.动词+about
speak/talk about讨论; think about思考; care about关心; bring about发生；come about发生；go about着手，走动；argue about争论；hear about听说；set about 着手，开始；worry about担心
2.动词+at
aim at瞄准，计划；call at拜访；glare at怒视；knock at敲（门，窗等）；laugh at嘲笑；look at看；point at指向；shout at冲...喊；stare at凝视；work at 致力于
3.动词+away
break away摆脱；clear away清除掉，散去；die away减弱，逐渐消失；give away 分发，泄露；pass away去世；put away把...收起来；throw away扔掉；wash away冲走
4.动词+back
call back回电话；give back归还；hold back控制住；阻止；keep back隐瞒，扣留；look back回顾；put back放回原处
5.动词+down
bring down把...降低; burn down烧毁；break down出故障，瘫痪；cut down砍倒，削减；calm down平静下来；put down记下，镇压；slow down慢下来；take down记下，拿下；tear down拆毁，拆除；turn down调小，拒绝
6.动词+for
apply for申请；ask for要求得到；answer for对...负责；beg for祈求，请求；call for需要，要求；care for关心，喜欢；charge for收费；search for寻找；run for竞选；stand for代表
7.动词+from
date from始于...的时期；die from因...而死；different from与...不同；hear from 收到...的来信；result from由...造成；separate from把...分开
8.动词+in
break in闯入，插话；bring in引进，带来收入；call in召集，来访；check in 登记进入；call in插嘴，打断；drop in顺便拜访；get in收割，进站；give in 让步，投降；hand in上交；result in导致
9.动词+into
burst into突然爆发，闯入；change into变成；divide into把...分成；look into 调查，研究；run into碰到；turn into把...变成
10.动词+of
approve of赞成，通过；consist of由...组成；die of死于；dream of梦想；hear of听说；think of想到；
11.动词+off
break off中断，突然停止；come off脱落；cut off切断，隔绝；fall off跌落，掉下；get off下车，动身；give off发出，放出；keep off避开；leave off中断；pay off还清，取得成功；put off推出，延期；see off送行；show off炫耀；start off出发；take off脱下，起飞，成功
12.动词+on
call on拜访某人；carry on继续，前行；depend/rely on依靠；feed/live on以...为生；have on穿着（状态）；put on穿上（动作），上演；keep on继续；look on旁观；move on往前走，移动；pass on传递，传授；insist on坚持；try on 试穿；take on呈现，承担，雇佣；turn/switch on打开
13.动词+out
break out爆发；bring out取出，使呈现；come out出版，出来；carry out执行，完成；find out弄清楚；give out分发，公布，用完；go out熄灭，消退；help out帮助；hold out伸出，坚持住；leave out删掉，省略；look out小心，谨慎；let out泄露，使（火）熄灭；make out理解，辨认出；pick out挑选出；put out扑灭，熄灭；run out用完，耗尽；send out发出，派遣；set out出发，着手；turn out结果是，产生；work out解决，算出
14.动词+over
go over复习，检查；get over克服；look over翻阅，检查；run over碾过，复查；take over接管，接替；think over仔细考虑；turn over翻到，翻看；watch over: 看守，照看
15.动词+through
get through 完成，通过，接通电话；go through经历，遭受，检查；look/glance through翻阅，仔细查看；see through看穿，看透
16.动词+to
add to增添，增添了；agree to同意；attend to照顾，处理；belong to属于；come to共计，苏醒；devote to致力于，奉献给；get to到达；lead to导致，通向；object to反对；refer to参考，查阅；stick to坚持，忠于；turn to转向，求助于
17.动词+up
bring up抚养，培养；break up分手，破裂；clear up收拾，整理；come up出现，提出；cut up切碎；eat up吃光；give up放弃；go up上涨，增长；hold up延误，举起，抢劫；keep up保持；look up抬头，查找；make up组成，编造，和解；put up举起，张贴；pick up抬起，开车接，学会；set up成立，建立；stay up熬夜；tear up撕碎；take up占据，开始从事；turn up调大，出现；use up用完；hang up挂断电话
18.动词+with
agree with同意，适应于；compare with与...相比；deal with处理；do with处理，需要；meet with遭遇
19.三个词以上的短语
add up to总计; break away from摆脱；catch up with追上；keep up with=keep peace with与...保持同步；come into being产生，出现；catch sight of看见；do well in在...做得好；get close to接近；get used to=be accustomed to习惯于...；get along/on with相处，进展；get out of逃避，避免；get rid of摆脱，除掉；go on with继续；get down to开始做；keep away from避开，不靠近；keep in touch with 保持联系；keep an eye on: 留心，注意；look up to仰望，尊敬；look down on 轻视，看不起；look forward to盼望；make fun of取笑；make use of=make the most/best of利用；make up for=catch up on弥补；put up with容忍，忍受；pay attention to注意；pay a visit to访问；run out of用完；set fire to=set...on fire防火烧；take part in参加；take care of照看；take pride in=be proud of以...为自豪；play a part/role in起作用；set an example to/for为...树立榜样；take advantage of利用...的优势；take charge of负责，掌管
（二）一些常用动词与不同介词或副词搭配
1.break away摆脱；break into强行闯入，突然开始；break off中断；break out 爆发；break through克服；break up打碎，结束，解散，分解；break down
抛锚，分解；break in破门而入，插嘴
2.bring about引起，造成；bring down使倒下，使下降；bring forward提出；bring out显示出来，出版，生产；bring up提出，培养，教育；bring back想起，恢复；bring in引起，挣得
3.call for需要，要求；call on拜访，看望，号召；call off取消，停止；call up 打电话，召集；call at访问（某地）；call in请来，召集；call back回电话，召回
4.go along进展，陪同前往；go by过去，经过，遵守；go down下降，下沉，下跌；go in for从事，爱好，参加；go for去，选择，想要，攻击；go into研究，调查，从事；go off离开，爆炸，断电，熄灭；go on继续前行，发生，上场；go out离开，熄灭，过时；go over复习，仔细检查；go through通过，经历，仔细检查；go up上涨，增长，涨价
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4e14516523.html,e about发生；come across偶遇，讲清楚；come along进展，成功；come into effect生效；come off发生，举行，成功；come on快点，有进展；come out 出来，结果是，出版；come round/around再现，恢复知觉，改变看法；come through 经历，获得成功；come to苏醒，达到，总数为；come up发生，走上前去；come up with赶上，提出；come up to达到，符合；come true变为现实
6.cut across绕近道穿过；cut back削减，急忙返回；cut down削减，减少；cut in插嘴，打断，超车；cut off切断，中断，隔绝；cut out删掉，戒掉；cut short 中断，打断，缩短
7.hold back阻碍，控制，隐瞒；hold up举起，耽搁，持械抢劫；hold out伸出，坚持；hold off拖延；hold on别挂断，坚持住；hold on to紧紧抓住
8.give away赠送，泄露；give out分发，公布，耗尽；give off发出（光、热、气味）；give up放弃，对某人不报希望（on sb.）; give in屈服，投降
9.keep away使远离; keep back扣除，隐瞒；keep off避开，不接近；keep on 继续；keep out挡在外面，请勿靠近；keep up保持，持续，继续；keep up with 跟上
10.look after照顾；look out注意，当心；look back回顾；look down on/upon 轻视，看不起；look for寻找，寻求；look forward to期待，盼望；look in顺便看望，顺便拜访；look into调查，深入了解；look on观看，旁观；look over 检查；look through浏览，快速查看；look up查阅，仰望
11.carry on继续，坚持；carry away冲走，使着迷；carry out执行，贯彻；carry off运走，获得（奖赏）；carry through帮助度过难关，实现
12.put aside放在一边，保留；put away放好，收好；put down写下，镇压；put forward提出，推荐；put in伸出，提交，申请；put in for申请，正式要求；put off延期，推迟，阻止，妨碍；put on穿上，上演，增加（体重）；put out熄灭，生产，出版；put up搭起，建造，提供；put up with容忍；put through(把电话)接通，使经受...的考验
13.set about开始做；set apart使分离；set aside留出，拔出；set back推迟，阻碍；set down写下；set off动身，引起，使爆炸；set out动身，阐述，着手
做...; set up建立，创办
14.make for向...前进，促成；make out理解，领悟，辨认出；make up组成，补偿；make up for弥补
15.take after与....相像；take apart拆卸；take away拿走，消除；take down记下，拆掉；take for（错）当做，（误）认为；take in吸收，领会，欺骗；take off起飞，脱下；take on呈现，采纳，承担；take one’s time不要着急，慢慢做；take over接管，取代；take to喜欢，养成...的习惯；take up占据，开始从事
16.pick out挑出，辨认出；pick up捡起，偶然获得，学会
17.send away送走，解雇；send for派人去请；send out分发，散发；send up 上升，发射
18.turn down调低，拒绝；turn off关掉，转向，厌烦；turn out制造，结果是；turn over翻身，移交，仔细考虑；turn to求助于；turn up调大，被发现，达到
19.get through浏览，翻阅，经历（困难）；get in收割，收获，购买；get over 克服，战胜，做完；get on继续，上车；get round传播，说服，回避；get about 四处走动，传开；get across 传达，使...理解；get along/on with进展，相处；get down记下，使...沮丧；get down to开始认真做；get back恢复，回来；get out 泄露，逃离；get together聚会，收集
20.die away减弱；die down熄灭，平静下来；die of因...（病）死亡；die from 因....（外部原因）死亡；die out灭绝
高考真题
1.（2017 课标Ⅰ）It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
2.（2017 课标Ⅱ）They have also bought for some gardening tools.
3.(2017 课标Ⅲ) When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.
4.(2016 课标Ⅰ) My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
5.(2016 课标Ⅲ) Now I am leaving home to college.
6.(2015 课标Ⅰ) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
7.(2015 课标Ⅱ) Tony saw a toy on a window shop.
8.(2015 陕西) My soccer coach retired in last week.
9.(2015 四川) Please help with me and give me some advice.
10.(2014 课标Ⅰ) Nearly five years ago, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden.
11.(2014 浙江) If we could show concern to others in need, the world would be a better place to live in.
12.(2014 广西) The more friends we have, the more we can learn for one another, and the more pleasure we can share together.
13.(2014 陕西) My uncle immediately jumped up and shot his arrows on the bird.
14.(2014 四川) Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm goes off.
15.(2017 课标Ⅰ，61) This tend, which was started by the medical community ( ) a method of fighting heat disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease--the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
16.(2017 课标Ⅱ，62) It ran just for under 7 kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they traveled to and ( ) work.
17.(2017 课标Ⅲ，48) After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree ( ) engineering and architecture.
18.(2017 北京，35) Many people who lives along the coast make a living ( ) fishing industry.
19.(2017 天津，12) When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ( ) trees that are over 1,000 years old.
20.(2016 课标Ⅰ，64) But my connection with pandas goes back ( ) my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s.
21.(2016 课标Ⅱ，70) Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ( ) their hands.
22.(2016 四川，67) The mother continued to care for the young panda ( ) more than two years.
23.(2016 浙江，16) In this article, you need to back up general statements ( ) specific examples.
24.(2016 天津，8) Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ( ) her opinion on the subject.
25.(2016 天津，14) I hate it when she calls me at work-- I am always too busy to carry ( ) a conversation with her.
26.(2015 课标Ⅰ，66) Instead, I’d h eaded straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away ( ) car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
27.(2015 课标Ⅱ，47) When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day: ( ) the same time, they warm up again for the night.
28.(2015 福建，22) A common memory they all have ( ) their school days is the school uniform.
29.(2014 课标Ⅱ，44) I got a place next ( ) the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.
30.(2014 广东，21) ...and my credit card had already been charged ( ) the reservation.
31.(2014 广西，29) September 30 is the day ( ) which you must pay your bill.
32.(2014 北京，23) Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ( ) half an hour.
33.(2014 重庆，7) She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ( ) the road.
34.(2014 江西，33) It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life （）his great wealth.
35.(2013 山东，34) The Smiths are praised ( ) the way they bring up their children.
36.(2013 上海，25) ---I am looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?
---How about the Moon Lake? It is ( ) easy reach of the city.
37.(2013 湖北，30) An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ( ) chance a long-lost antique Greek vase.
38.(2013 福建，29) Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her child are always ( ) the way whenever she tries to.
39.(2015 浙江) My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.
40.(2014 辽宁) Don’t laugh ( ) me. I may look funny.
41.(2015 福建，25) It is said that body language accounts ( ) 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
42.(2014 辽宁) Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we are hoping to settle something that bothers to us.
动词加介词词组,.
3. I .动词 +about care about 关心，对 ... 有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为 .. 担心 动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散 die away 逐渐消失，减弱 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送 wear away 磨掉，消耗 break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把 ... 打发走 动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住 look back(o n)回顾 2. speak/ talk about 谈论 think about 思考
give back 归还 take back 拿回，收回 ask for 要求得到 sta nd for 代表，表示 hope/wish for 希望得到 beg for 乞求 look for 寻找 hunt for 寻找 take…for 误以为 ........ 是 come for 来拿，来取 5.动词+dow n burn dow n 烧毁break dow n 坏了，垮了，分解 take dow n 记下，记录turn dow n 调小，拒绝 hold back 控制住 call back 回电话 4.动词+for run for 竞选 wait for 等候 long for 渴望 care for 关心，喜欢 search for 查找 call for 需要，要求 change …for 用...... 换charge…for 收费，要价apply for 申请 seek for 寻找
(完整版)高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配 一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下 on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上
(完整)高考英语复习讲解——介词及介词短语
高考英语一轮复习讲解：介词及介词短语 【知识要点】 介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。 1.介词可按其构成分为： （1）简单介词，即一个介词，如about，at，in，of，since等。 （2）复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of等。 （3）二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under，from behind，until after，except in等。 （4）短语介词，由短语构成，如according to，because of，in spite of，on behalf of，with reference to 等。 （5）分词介词，由现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including等。 2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种： （1）表地点（包括动向），如about， above，across，after，along，among，around，at，before，behind，below，beneath，beside，between，beyond，by，down，from，in，into，near，off，on，over，through，throughout，to，towards，under，up，upon，with，within，without等。 ［注］有不少表地点的介词可表动向，除很明显的across，around，over，towards，near外，还有among，behind，beneath，between，on，to，under等。 （2）表时间，如about，after，around，as，at，before，behind，between，by，during，for，from，in，into，of，on，over，past，since，through，throughout，till（until），to，towards，within等。 （3）表除去，如besides，but，except等。 （4）表比较，如as，like，above，over等。 （5）表反对，如against，with等。 （6）表原因、目的，如for，with，from等。 （7）表结果，如to，with，without等。 （8）表手段、方式，如by，in，with等。 （9）表所属，如of，with等。 （10）表条件，如on，without，considering等。 （11）表让步，如despite，in spite of等。 （12）表关于，如about，concerning，regarding，with regard to，as for，as to等。
动词加介词
动词十介词/副词 account for 说明…的原因，是…的原因 allow for 考虑到，顾及，为…留出预地 appeal to 诉诸，诉请裁决(或证实等) arrive at 达成，达成 ask after 探问，问起 ask for 请求，要求 attach to 附属于，隶属于；使依恋，使喜爱 to begin with 首先，第一 break down 损坏；(健康等)垮掉，崩溃 break in 非法闯入；打断，插嘴 break into 非法闯入，强行进入 break off 中断，突然停止 break out 逃脱，逃走；突然出现，爆发 break through 突破，冲破；取得突破陛成就 break up 印终止，结束；打碎，粉碎；散开，驱散bring about 导致，引起 bring down 使落下，打倒；降低，减少 bring forth 产生，提出 bring forward 提出，提议；提前 bring out 使显出；激起，引起；出版，推出 bring to 使恢复知觉 bring up 教养，养育；提出 build up逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强 burn out烧光，烧毁…的内部；熄灭
burn up烧掉，烧毁；烧起来，旺起来；(使)发怒 call for叫(某人)来；要求，需要 call off取消 call on／up访问，拜访；号召，要求 call up召集；使人想起；打电话(给) care for照顾，照料；喜欢 carry off夺走，拿走 carry on继续，进行 carry out实行，执行；实现，完成 catch at试图抓住，拼命抓 catch on理解，懂得；流行起来 check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记，报到 check out结帐后离开，办妥手续离去 check up (on)检查，核实 cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 clear away把…清除掉，收拾 clear up清理；澄清，解决；(天)放晴 come off脱落，分开；结果，表现 come on [表示鼓励、催促等]快，走吧；开始，发生；进步，进展come out发表，出版；出现，显露；结果是 come round(around)顺便来访；苏醒，复原 come through经历…仍活着，安然度过 come to苏醒；涉及，谈到；总数为，结果是 come up走上前来；发生，出现 count on／upon依靠，指望 count up共计，算出…的总数 cover up掩饰，掩盖；盖住，裹住
常用介词短语总结
常用介词短语总结 一、近义介词短语辨析 1. 表示原因(通常在句中作状语) 1) because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系) 2) on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素 3) out of + 抽象名词:常用来引述心理、情感因素,如out of one’s own will(出于自愿) 4) owing / due to:着重把原因归于某事物,既可作状语又可作定语,due to还可以作后置定语,如:Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequence. 由于粗心犯的错误也许会引起严重的后果。 5) thanks to:后面通常接表示积极意义的原因,意为"多亏,幸亏由于"。例句: He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他腿不好,所以走得很慢。Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, were voted leaders. 迈克尔与贝利由于有丰富的登山经验,被选为队长。
She did it out of sympathy. 她这样做是出于同情。 Most of the problems were owing/due to human errors. 大部分问题都是由于人为的错误造成的。 Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has been finally realized. 多亏了你的精力和智慧,这项发展计划终于实现了。 2. 表示排除 1) with the exception of意义与except, except for相同,但比它们正式 2) apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示"除……之外",相当于except (for), 又可以表示"除……之外,(还,也)"相当于besides。例句: They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom. 除汤姆外他们物理考试都及格了。 We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre. 我们一路上很顺利,只是车胎漏了一次气。 Apart from(= besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes. 我们不但车胎漏了气,而且刹车也出了毛病。
动词短语介词短语和其他词组
二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组 1)ask for 向……要……，请求 2)ask for leave 请假 3)send for 派人去请(叫) 4)pay for 付……的款 5)wait for 等候 6)thank for 为……感谢 7)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 8)look for 寻找 9)leave…for 离开……去…… 10)fall off 跌落 11)catch cold 着凉，伤风 12)catch up with 赶上 13)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见 14)filled……with 把……装满 15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 16)talk about 谈论…… 17)think about 考虑…… 18)worry about 担忧…… 19)look after 照料 20)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑 21)read after 跟……读 22)smile at 对……微笑 23)knock at 敲(门、窗)
24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷) 25)throw away 扔掉 26)work hard at 努力做…… 27)wait in line 排队等候 28)change…into…变成 29)hurry into…匆忙进入 30)run into…跑进 31)hear of 听说 32)think of 认为，考虑 33)catch hold of 抓住 34)instead of 代替…… 35)hand in 交上来 36)stay in bed 卧病在床 37)hear from 收到……来信 38)at once 立刻 39)at last 最后 40)at first 起先，首先 41)at the age of…在……岁时 42)at the end of…在……之末 43)at the beginning of…在……之初 44)at the foot of…在……脚下 45)at the same time 同时 46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午
介词和介词短语(知识梳理)
介词和介词短语(知识梳理) 真题再现： 1. 〔They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better. A. out of date B. out of order C. around the clock D. around the corner 2. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperatur e 0.68 ℃____ the average. A. below B. on C. at D. above 3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _________ anim als both on land and sea? A. about B. to C. with D. over 4. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion 5. These comments came specific questions often asked b y local newsmen. A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of 6. Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around __ ______ Thomas Edison. A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for 7. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn y ou _______ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
初中英语常用介词短语
初中英语常用介词短语 1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先,首先 4)at the age of -.. 在.… …岁时 5)at the end of -.. 在.… …之末 6)at the begi nning of …在……之初 7)at the foot of … 在… ?…脚下 8)at the same time 同时 9)at ni ght/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with on e's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11) with the help of … 在....... 的帮助下 12) with a smile 面带笑容 13) with on e's own eyes 亲眼看见 14) after a while 过了一会儿 15) from now on 从现在起 16) from then on 从那时起 17) far example 例如 18) far away from 远离 19) from morni ng till ni ght 从早至U 晚20) by and by 不久 21) by air mail 寄航空邮件 22) by bike/air/trai n/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the win dow 在窗边 26)by the end of …到 .. 底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 30)i n on e's twen ties 在某人一十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙 32)in the middle of 在…中间 33)i n no time (in a mi nu te) 立刻, 很快 34)in time (on time) 及时 35)i n public 公众，公开地 36)in order to 为了 37)in front of 在……前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后，终于 40) in surprise 惊奇地
介词to常用动词短语汇总
介词t o常用动词短语 汇总 Revised as of 23 November 2020
介词to常用动词短语汇总 一些动词与介词to搭配构成短语，下面列举一些常见的搭配形式。1．get down to着手做（认真考虑） While the weather is fine, I must get down to painting the house. 当天晴时，我一定要油漆房子。 解释：其后宾语一般用“business, work等”。down是副词。 2．keep to遵守（坚持，坚持……方向）例如： Ill as he was, he kept to studying far into the night. 他虽然有病，但仍然学习到深夜。 3．contribute to = make contributions to 有助于，为……做贡献，投稿，捐款 We hope your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem. 我们希望你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。 4. admit to承认，招认 The young man admitted to stealing the jewels. 那个年轻人承认了偷了珠宝。 注：例句中的to可省略。 5．take to开始从事；养成习惯，沉湎于，例如： Our factory has taken to making children's boots.我们厂开始生产童靴。Our factory has taken to making children's boots. For some reason he took to walking in the New York streets at night. 不知为什么，他养成夜间在纽约街道上溜达的习惯。 6．turn to求助于（依靠，转而从事于）例如： Refused permission to work in the country, he was able to turn to writing to earn a living. 他在这个国家找不到工作，以写作谋生。
动词以及动词短语的用法(动词后加to do 还是doing)
一动词加-ing 的情况 consider, suggest/advise,look forward to, excuse/pardon admit,delay/put off,fancy avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practise deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate forbid,imagine,risk can't help,mind,allow/permit,escape 考虑建议盼原谅, 承认推迟没得想. 避免错过继续练, 否认完成就欣赏. 禁止想象才冒险, 不禁介意准逃亡. 如：建议： 二动词后加 ①remember doing 的事，表示“不要忘记” ②forget doing。 ③mean doing表示“ ④regret doing 不是stop的宾语而是stop的目的状语。 ”，try to do表示“设法、试图做某事”。 go on to do表示做完一件事后，接下 三动词后加to do sth. afford负担得起agree同意appear似乎，显得arrange安排 ask问attempt企图beg请求begin开始 choose选择claim要求decide决定demand要求 desire愿望determine决定expect期望fail不能 forget忘记happen碰巧hate憎恨，厌恶hesitate犹豫 hope希望intend想要learn学习long渴望 love爱manage设法mean意欲，打算need需要 neglect忽视offer提供omit忽略，漏other扰乱；烦恼
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
英语常用介词短语及动词短语
英语常用介词短语及动词短语 一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb.对～人要求严格 be strict in sth.对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time目前 for the present暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine在阳光下 under the sun在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on同～～接壤 lie to位于～～之外 6. at least至少 in the least丝毫，一点 7. by name名叫 in the name of以～～名义 8. in the air空中，在流传 on the air播出 9. in the way挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do随心所欲 give way让步，屈服 lose one’s way迷路 by the way顺便说一下 on one’s way to在去～～的路上 Come this way这边走 10. at the corner在拐角处（外角） in the corner在角落里（内角） on the corner在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from根据～～来判断 judge for oneself由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of)在～～结束时 at the beginning of在～～开始时 at the back of在～～背后，支持 at the age of～～岁时 at the foot of在～～脚下 at the bottom of在～～底部 at the top of在～～顶上 at/on the edge of在～～边上 13. in the course of在～～过程中
动词加介词词组
l．动词+about speak／talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心2．动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散 die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送 wear away 磨掉，消耗 break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走 3．动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住 look back(on) 回顾 hold back 控制住 give back 归还 call back 回 take back 拿回，收回 4．动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候 stand for 代表，表示 long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到 care for 关心，喜欢 beg for 乞求 search for 查找 look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找 change…for 用……换charge…for 收费，要价 apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是 seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取 5．动词+down burn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来 put down 记下，写下，镇压 calm down 平静下来 bring down 使……降低，使倒下 settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6．动词+at come at 向……袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击 work at 干……活动(研究) tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视 stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 冲(某人)笑 strike at 向……打击 aim at 向……瞄准 shoot at 向……射击
常用的介词短语
常用的介词短语
常用介词短语 1.above构成的惯用短语 above all 尤其是，最重要的是above suspicion 无可怀疑 above praise 赞美不尽above criticism 无可指责 above reproach 无可厚非above price 价值连城 above one’s head (understanding) 不可理解above one’s income 入不敷出 above the average 超过一般水平be above oneself 兴高采烈 2.after构成的惯用短语 after all 毕竟，到底day after day 日复一日 one after another 接二连三page after page一页又一页地 year after year 年年岁岁wave after wave一波又一波地 bus after bus 公共汽车一辆又一辆time after time 一次又一次 3.at构成的惯用短语 at the sight of 看到at the news of 听到 at one’s ease/ at one’s leisure 在闲暇时at the thought of 想到 at a draft 一口气at liberty 闲暇，自在，随意 at peace 处于和平状态，心情平静at large 详细地 at home 安适at one’s height 登峰造极 at stake 在危险中at bay 陷入绝境 at one’s convenience 在某人方便时at the end of在…结尾，在…末端 at rest 长眠，静止at a loss 迷茫 at sea 茫然at fault 迷惑 at one’s will 随意at command 依…的命令 at random 随意地at intervals 时时 at one’s mercy 任人支配，有人摆布at expense of 以…为代价 at dusk 黄昏at one’s service 乐意帮助 at length 终于at hand 不远，在身边 at least 至少at the risk of 冒险
初中介词和介词短语专题讲解(含练习)
介词及介词短语 【考点直击】 1.常用介词及其词组的主要用法及意义 2.介词表示时间、方位、方式别的基本用法 3.一些易混介词的辨析 【语法讲解】 ◆介词的功能 介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如： The boy over there is John’s brother.(定语) The girl will be back in two hours. (状语) ◆介词和种类 (1) 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。 (2) 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。 ◆不同介词的用法 （1）表时间的介词 1）at, in on 表示时间点用at。 例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。 表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。 例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the aftern oon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。 例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。 2）since, after 由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时
(完整word版)常用动词+介词词组
重点词组积累 break break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯，摆脱，脱离（政党等） break down破坏，毁掉；破除；制服；坍塌，坏掉；（计划等）失败，破裂；（健康、精神）崩溃；分解 break in闯入，破门而入，打断（谈话），插嘴 break into 闯入,插入，强行进入，突然……起来. （break into tears/laughter=burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/大笑起来） beak off 断开，折断；断绝，解除，突然停止 break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)突然爆发，争吵爆发， break through 出现，突破 break up打碎，拆散，分裂、分解，衰弱，分手。break up with sb 与某人绝交 break one’s word/promise食言 break the law/rule违反法圌律/规章制圌度 break one’s heart使某人心碎，使某人悲痛欲绝 break forth突然发出，爆发，迸发，发作 bring bring about 导致，造成，引起，带来，产生 bring along 把...一起带来 bring back 归还，使……回忆起/想起 bring back to life 使……苏醒/生动/活泼 bring in引来，引进；赚钱，获利；收（庄稼等），生产 bring ...out 公布、发表，阐明，生产，显示出，拿出，出版，使明显，使表现出 bring up教育，抚养/教养（儿童）；提出（议题，计划）；打断；呕吐 bring on 引起，促成，促进（发展、进步等） bring ...forward 提出;提前 (= put forward) bring down ：使…下降，降低、减少；倒下；击落 bring …to an end ：结束 bring …to life ：使…苏醒 bring …to light ：发现；将…公之于世 bring …to mind ：想起 bring …to pass ：使……发生；促成 Call call back召回；回电话；回想，回忆 call at sp/ call on sb 专程拜访某地/ 某人（drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地 drop in on sb顺便拜访某人） call on 拜访，探望；请求，号召 call for 需要，要求, 提倡,
英语小学动词和介词短语
动词短语answer the phone 接电话become 变成buy 购买catch butterflies 捉蝴蝶clean the floor 扫地clean the house 打扫房间climb mountains 爬山climb 往上爬collect leaves 收集树叶collect stamps 集邮come back 回来come from 来自……come here 来这里come in 进来come on 过来/加油cook dinner 做饭cook the meal 煮饭count insects 数昆虫dig a hole 挖坑dive 跳 水do an experiment 做实验do homework 做作业do housework 做家务do morning exercises 晨练do one’s homework 做作业do some reading 读点书 do sports 做运动do the dishes 洗碗碟draw a picture 画画drink some water 喝些水drive a car 驾车eat breakfast 吃早饭have lunch 吃午餐have math class 上数学课have music class 上音乐课have P.E. class 上体育课have science class 上科学课have a cold 感冒have a fever 发烧have a good time 玩得开心have a headache 头痛have a look 看一看have a picnic 举行野餐 活动工have a rest 休息have a stomachache 胃痛have a tooth-ache 牙痛 have a trip 去旅游have a try 试一试have been to 到过have breakfast 吃早餐 have fun 玩得开心have lunch 吃午饭have some coke 喝些可乐have supper/dinner 吃晚饭have time 有时间just a minute 等一下just now 刚才 keep a diary 记日记let me see 让我想一想/让我看一看like 喜欢listen to music 听音乐listen to the CDs 听CD 碟listen to the radio 听收音机live 居 住look at 看……look for 寻找love 爱，热爱make friends 交朋友make the bed 整理床铺mark the pupils’homework批改作业make a snowman 堆 雪人make kites 制作风筝make the bed 铺床meet 遇到，碰见next to 下一 个no problem 没问题open打开open打开paint a picture 涂画pick up 捡起plant trees 种树play badminton 打羽毛球play basketball 打篮球play cards 打牌play chess下棋play football 踢足球play games 玩游戏play ping-pong 打乒乓球play sports 进行体育活动play tennis 打网球play the guitar 弹吉他play the piano 弹钢琴play with ……玩……put away 放好 put on 穿上put the tree into the hole 把树放进洞里rain下雨read a book 看 书ride a bike 骑自行车see a film 看电影surf the Net 上网take a message 传递信息take exercise 进行锻炼take medicine 服药take off 脱下take photos 照相teach 教tell 告诉，说think 想，思考try 尝试，试一下turn off 关闭turn on 打开use a computer 使用计算机use 使用visit grandparents 看望（外）祖父母wait 等wake up 醒，醒来walk 走wash the clothes 洗 衣服wash the windows 擦窗户watch insects 观察昆虫watch TV 看电视 watch 看welcome 欢迎work 工作write a letter 写信write a report 写报告 write an e-mail 写电子邮件wait a moment 稍等一下wait for 等候wash clothes 洗衣服wash dishes 洗碟子watch a football match 看足球赛watch TV 看电视water the flower 浇花water the tree 浇树write a letter写信 介词短语 a glass of 一杯……a lot of 许多…… a map of 一幅……的地图 a pair of 一双…… a picture of 一幅……的画 a plate of 一碟……agree with 同意…… all of them 他们大家all of us 我们大家at first 首先at home 在家at last 最 后at night 在晚上at school 在学校at the top of 在……顶部at the weeken 在周末be good at 擅长于……be made of 由……制造by the road 在路边 by the way 顺便问问close to 靠近……different from 不同于fall down 跌倒