C语言通用数据类型链表的构造数据域为指针

和一般的数据结构里面的链表的实现没什么大不同，

在list.h里面只修改一个地方

typedef void * ElemType;

也就是说数据域是一个无类型指针，链表本身不对这个指针有数据访问，在使用链表的时候我们给一个有类型的指针，在操作的时候编译器有规律可循了，接下来只要链表数据访问的函数了，因为数据域是一个指针，因为没有修改TraverseList函数，那么给函数指针传递的一个指向指针的指针，所以修改遍历数据域访问函数如下

int TraverseList(List*,int (*)(ElemType *));/* 遍历访问，反问某个节点元素用函数处理 */

list.htypedef void * ElemType;

typedef struct node

{

ElemType data;

struct node * next;

}ChainNode;

typedef struct

{

ChainNode *head;

int size;

ChainNode *tail;

}List;

List * CreateList(void); /* 创建链表 */

void DestoryList(List*); /* 销毁链表 */

void ClearList(List*); /* 清空链表 */

int ListAppend(List*,ElemType); /* 追加元素 */

int ListInsert(List*,int,ElemType); /* 加入元素 */

int ListDelete(List *,int); /* 删除第几个元素 */

int GetElem(List*,int,ElemType *); /* 取得第几个元素的值用第三个参数返回 */

ChainNode * GetAddr(List *, int); /* 取得编号为N的元素所在地址 */

int TraverseList(List*,int (*)(ElemType *)); /* 遍历访问，反问某个节点元素用函数处理 */

ChainNode * NewChainNode( ElemType);

list.c

#include "list.h"

/*==================*/

/*==================*/

List *CreateList()

{

List * pt = 0;

ElemType data;

pt=(List*)malloc( sizeof(List) );

if( !pt )

return 0;

pt->head = NewChainNode(data );

if( ! pt->head )

{

free(pt);

return 0;

}

pt->tail = pt->head;

return pt;

}

/*==================*/

void DestoryList(List * plist)

{

ClearList(plist);

free(plist->head);

plist->head = 0;

free(plist);

plist = 0;

}

/*==================*/

int ListAppend(List * plist,ElemType data)

{

ChainNode * pt = 0;

ChainNode * newpt = 0;

if( !(plist && plist->head) )

return 0;

newpt = NewChainNode(data);

if( !newpt )

return 0;

plist->tail->next = newpt;

plist->tail = newpt;

return 1;

}

/*==================*/

int ListInsert(List * plist, int n ,ElemType data) {

ChainNode * pt = 0;

ChainNode * newpt = 0;

pt = GetAddr( plist, n-1 );

if( !(pt) )

return 0;

newpt = NewChainNode(data);

if( !newpt )

return 0;

if ( pt->next == plist->tail )

plist->tail = newpt;

newpt->next = pt->next;

pt->next = newpt;

return 1;

}

/*==================*/

int GetElem(List * plist,int n,ElemType *data)

{

ChainNode * pt = 0;

pt = GetAddr(plist,n);

if( ! pt )

return 0;

*data = pt->data;

return 1;

}

/*==================*/

int TraverseList(List* plist,int (*f)(ElemType *))

{

ChainNode * pt = 0;

int a=0;

/**/

if( !(plist && plist->head) )

return 0;

for( a = 0 ,pt = plist->head->next; pt ; pt = pt->next ) {

if( ! f(&(pt->data)) )

return a+1;

a++;

}

return 0;

}

/*==================*/

void ClearList(List * plist)

{

while ( ListDelete(plist,1) );

}

/*======（参考：https://www.360docs.net/doc/528363156.html,）============*/ int ListDelete( List * plist, int n )

{

ChainNode * pt =0;

ChainNode * pf=0;

if( !plist->head->next )

return 0;

pt = GetAddr( plist,n-1 );

if ( pt->next == plist->tail )

plist->tail = pt;

if( !(pt && pt->next ))

return 0;

pf = pt->next;

pt->next = pt->next->next;

free(pf);

return 1;

}

ChainNode * GetAddr(List * plist,int n)

{

ChainNode * pt = 0;

int a = 0;

if( n < 0) return 0;

pt = plist->head;

while( pt && a < n )

{

pt = pt->next;

a++;

}

return pt;

}

/*==================*/

ChainNode * NewChainNode(ElemType* data)

{

ChainNode * pChain=0;

pChain = ( ChainNode * )malloc( sizeof(ChainNode) );

if( ! pChain ) return 0;

pChain->data=data;

pChain->next=0;

return pChain;

}

uselist.c

#include "list.h"

typedef struct {char ch ; int id; char name[10]; int r;} myElemType;

myElemType a[20] ={{'a',1,"niei",2},{'b',2,"aini",2},{'c',3,"love", 2},{'d',4,"jack",2},{'e',5,"alice",2},{'f',6,"ben" ,2},{'g',7,"carlo",2},{'h',8,"mason",2}};

void showList(List* plist);

int putElem(ElemType *data);

void main()

{

/**/ List * mylist;

int n=0;

myElemType data;

myElemType data2;

myElemType* pdata;

mylist = CreateList();

if( ! mylist)

{

printf("error");

return;

}

for( n = 0 ;n < 8 ;n++)

ListAppend(mylist ,&a[n]);

showList( mylist);

data.ch = '*';

data.id = 8;

strcpy(https://www.360docs.net/doc/528363156.html, , "1223");

data.r = 54;

ListInsert(mylist,1,&data);

showList( mylist);

data2.ch = 'A';

data2.id = 54;

strcpy(https://www.360docs.net/doc/528363156.html, , "bill");

data2.r = 4;

/**/ ListInsert(mylist,7,&data2);

showList( mylist);

ListDelete(mylist,7);

showList( mylist);

ListDelete(mylist,1);

showList( mylist);

if (GetElem(mylist,5,&pdata) )

printf("[%c %d %s %d] ",pdata->ch,pdata->id,pdata->name,pdata->r);

ClearList(mylist);

showList( mylist);

DestoryList(mylist);

mylist = 0;

showList( mylist);

}

/*==================*/

void showList(List* plist)

{

if( !plist )

return;

TraverseList(plist,putElem);

printf("\n");

}

int putElem(myElemType **data)

{

if( !data )

return 0;

printf("[%c %d %s %d] ",(*data)->ch,(*data)->id,(*data)->name,(*data)->r);

return 1;

}

最后的运行结果，一个[ ] 表示一个结构体所有成员