职称英语综合类B级真题答案

2010年全国职称英语综合类（B级）考试真题及答案

第1部分：词汇选择（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1.It doesn't stand to reason that he would lie.

A.seem logical

B.look pleasant

C.appear obvious

D.sound important

2.It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind.

A.settled

B.solved

C.said

D.decided

3.I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs.

A.supply

B.reach

C.provide

D.meet

4.It is impossible to prevent them from quarrelling.

A.stop

B.allow

C.forbid

D.permit

5.The very fresh air will finally help her to resume her health.

A.bring back

B.contribute

C.do harm

D.rebuild

6.Glassmaking was the first major industry in the United States.

A.productive

B.profitable

C.specialized

D.sizable

7.Rose stood there until she finally lost sight of the train.

A.couldn't see

B.look

C.lose

D.can't see

8.At the sports meet，athletes compete with each other for the gold medals.

A.rival

B.attempt

C.contend

D.trick

9.It's hard to alter one's habits.

A.change

B.develop

D.enlarge

10.A seismograph is a device designed to measure vibrations of the ground.

A.element

B.telescope

C.vehicle

D.instrument

11.The U.S was in 1850 a divided nation half slave and half free.

A.allied

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,bined

C.united

D.separate

12.Don't you think that's an indicator of fine weather？

A.sign

B.signal

C.symbol

D.predicament

13.The new communication system is by no means a minute invention.

A.small

B.accidental

C.significant

D.timely

14.I feel obligated to give my opinion on the subject.

B.determined

C.encouraged

D.forbidden

15.The group ridiculed my suggestion.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,ugh at

B.accepted

C.disagreed with

D.discouraged

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.

Nobody Had Believed It Was Possible

In 1912，the Titanic hit an iceberg on its first trip across the Atlantic，and it sank four hours later. It was carrying 2207 people，but it had taken on enough lifeboats for only 1178 people. When the passengers tried to leave the ship，only 651 of them were able to get into lifeboats and 1502 people lost their lives.

Throughout the whole tragedy，the California was only ten miles away. Its officers were close enough to see the Titanic，but they did not understand the situation. They never received the Titanic's call for help，and they did not come to the rescue until too late.

First of all，nobody had prepared for such a tragedy. Nobody had believed that the Titanic could sink. The steamship company had thought that its ship would be completely safe in all situations. They followed an old rule for the number of lifeboats，so they had supplied lifeboats for only half the people. And the passengers had not practiced lifeboat drills before the accident and they did not believe they were in danger.

The ship had already received six ice warnings on its radio when it struck the iceberg. But it had not changed its direction or its speed. It was impossible to change direction

quickly enough when the iceberg came in sight. When the Titanic hit the iceberg，the radio officer on the California had just gone to bed. He had tried to warn the officers on the Titanic about the ice before he went to bed，but the officers had not listened.转自环球网校https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,转自环球网校https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,转自环球网校https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,

After this accident，ocean travel change. Now there are always enough lifeboats for everybody. Ships do not go so far north in winter，and they watch carefully for ice. Radio officers work 24 hours a day. A tragedy like the sinking of the Titanic should never happen again.

16.Over 1，000 passengers were able to escape in lifeboats from the sinking Titanic.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

17.Throughout the whole tragedy，the California didn't received the Titanic's call for help.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

18.The Titanic has 1，178 lifeboats for 2，207 people，but 1，502 people lost their lives because many people did not know how to get into their lifeboats.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

19.The California didn't come in time to save the passengers on the Titanic because its officers were not clear about what was happening on the Titanic.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

20.The ship might not have sunk if its radio officer had listened to the warning from the California.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

21.After the accident，ships are not allowed to travel into the north in winter to ensure safe ocean travel.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

22.A tragedy like the sinking of the Titanic never happened again.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

New Conceptions about Diet

1 Increasingly over the past ten years，people —— especially young people —— have become aware of the need to change their eating habits，because much of the food they eat，particularly processed foods，is not good for the health. Consequently，there has been a growing interest in natural foods：goods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.

2 Natural foods，for example，are vegetables，fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms，this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter，which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and

fertilizer，the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of goods grown in commercial farming areas.

3 Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in a healthy environment. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry：there are mechanized farms，for example，where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.

4 There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take，for example，the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food. In large quantities，it can actually be harmful，and it does seem to be addictive：the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries. There are no vitamins in it，no minerals and no fibre.

5 It is significant that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread，for example，the fibre has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of

whole-meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “ healthy eating”。

23.Paragraph 2 ______.

24.Paragraph 3 ______.

25.Paragraph 4 ______.

26.Paragraph 5 ______.

A.The Change in People's Eating habits

B.The Foods Which Grow in Soil

C.The Foods Which Were Fed

D.The Importance of Fiber

E.Today's Various Kinds of Foods

F.Other Aspects of Healthy Eating

27.People begin to change their eating habits because ________.

28.Farmers use chemicals and fertilizer in order to __________.

29.According to the passage，the writer of this article seems to be _______.

30.The purpose of this article is to ________.

A.urge a change in our present diet

B.interested in sweetened food

C.worried about modern food

D.increase the yields of their crops

E.much of the food they eat is not good for health

F.improve their working conditions

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。

第一篇

How Americans See Themselves

Americans do not usually see themselves，when they are in the United States，as representatives of their country. They see themselves as individuals who are different from all other individuals，whether those others are Americans or foreigners. Americans may say they have no culture，since they often think of culture as an overlay of customs to be found only in other countries. Individual Americans may think they chose their own values，rather than having had their value forced on them by the society in which they were born. If you ask them to tell you something about “American culture”，they may be unable to answer and they may even deny that there is an “American culture”。

Because they think they are responsible as individuals for having chosen their basic values and their way of life，many Americans don't like generalizations others make about them. Generalizations disturb Americans. They may be unhappy with the thought that they hold certain ideas and act in certain way simply because they were born and raised in the U.S，and not because they had consciously thought about those ideas and ways of doing things and chosen the ones they preferred.

At the same time，Americans will readily generalize about various subgroups within their own country. Northerners have fixed views about Southerners，and vice versa.

There are fixed views of people from the country and people from the city；people from the coasts and people from inland；people from the Midwest；minority ethnic groups；Texans；New Yorkers；Californians；lowans and so on.

Therefore，Americans see few generalizations that can safely be made about them in part because they are “so individualistic” and in part because they think regional and other kinds of differences clearly distinguish Americans of various groups from each other.

31.American，when in the United States，see themselves as

A.representatives of their country

B.people different from person to person

C.individuals much the same as foreigners

D.individuals that share the same values and way of life.

32.Americans may think that “ American culture”

A.does not really exist

B.is better than other cultures

C.is different from other cultures

D.is highly valued around the world

33.Individual Americans may think that their values

A.are based on their personal choices

B.are forced on them by the society in which they were born

C.can also be found in other https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,

D.should be recognized the world over.

34.Americans are disturbed by generalizations others make about them because

A.different Americans have different sources of origin

B.not all Americans were born and raised in the US

C.American culture has not been thoroughly studied

D.They，as individuals，do not have the same ideas and ways of doing things.

35.Which of the following statements is true？

A.Americans do not like to make generalizations about themselves on the basis of regional differences.

B.Americans have fixed ideas about different people coming from different regions and areas within their own country.

C.Americans think that they are equal to one another no matter where they were born.

D.Americans are trying hard to iron out their regional differences.

第二篇

Career with a Uniform

WANT to be the next Xu Sanduo？The TV drama Soldiers Sortie （Shibing Tuji）might have caused millions of young people to dream idly of putting on an army uniform and going off to boot camp.

In fact，a large number of students graduating might consider doing just that. Last month，the People's Liberation Army （PLA）announced that there will be 120，000 job openings this year for college grads. So，one out of every 50 grads has a chance if he or she would like to march down to the local recruiting office. Anyone enlisting will get preferential treatment in tuition compensation and in job opportunities.

This decision comes against a backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy. This year's recruitment quota outnumbers last years 39，000 by about

three-fold.

“It's important to pull in fresh，talented people who can deal with the new equipment and a high-tech military to modernize the nations defense，” said Bai Zixing，a senior officer in the PLA General Staff Department.

The age limit for college recruits has been raised to 24，and there's one more important policy change：Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can quit if they change their minds after finding another job before November，the deadline for enlistment. This gives grads an extra choice in starting a career.

The following is a list of preferential things that college grads qualify for if they join the army：

A one-time recruitment payment of up to 24，000 yuan，to cover four years of college tuition and loans （this has to be returned if the person is forced to leave the army before completing the service contract）。

Priority in promotions and in getting admitted to military academies.

Anyone with a bachelor's degree or above and a good performance record can be promoted to the rank of officer directly，if they meet certain other criteria. An ordinary soldier may need a couple of years longer to get there.

Anyone with a junior college degree can go on for a bachelor's degree without having to take the entrance exams.

Anyone wanting to take the grad school entrance exam after completing their service can add 10 points to the exam results.

Anyone getting a merit citation second class can enter grad school without taking the exam after completion of the service obligation.

There are no restrictions on things like going abroad after the service period，unless one deals with confidential work in the army.

36.According to the passage，all of the following reasons make many college grads choose to join the army EXCEPT：

A.The Story of Xu Sanduo causes young people to dream to put on a uniform.

B.The grads are facing a grim employment situation.

C.The pay from the PLA is relatively higher than the grads can earn in other jobs.

D.The PLA offers a series of preferential treatments for college grads who join the army.

37.It can be inferred that about students graduating consider join the army.

A.120，000

B.6，000，000

C.39，000

D.2，000，000

38.Besides the backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy，which of the following causes the PLA to raise this years recruitment quota？

A.The TV drama Soldiers Sortie is high in the ratings.

B.The PLA wants to attract high-quality personnel to meet the need of hi-tech sector in the nations defense.

C.The PLA is increasing the size of the army.

D.Some students who have already volunteered to sign up may change their minds.

39.Why does the author think that the grads are given an extra chance in starting a career？

A.The one-time recruitment payment offered by the PLA may ease the grads economic burden.

B.The grads who join the army have more chances to further their study after completing their service.

C.Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can give up before the deadline for enlistment if they can find another job that is more suitable.

D.No restrictions are made on things like going abroad after the service period.

40.The word confidential in the last paragraph could best be replaced by

A.concise

B.professional

C.creative

D.secret

第三篇

Saving Gas

There are more than 100 million cars in the U.S. An ordinary car gets less than 15 miles from each gallon of gas. It travels about 10，000 miles each year. In that time，it uses about 650 gallons of gas. In all，automobiles use up some 70 billion gallons of gas a year. That comes out be four-and-half million barrels a day.

The importance of saving gas，then cannot be stressed too much. Let's say，the fuel used by each car could be cut back just 15 percent. This could be done by making fewer trips each day. It could be done by keeping the automobiles in good shape. It could be done through better driving habits. If these were done，the nation's use of fuel would fall by close to two thirds of million barrels per day.

Everyone can help to save gas. One way is to ride buses. Some could walk to work. Others could ride their bikes. Another way is to share a ride. About one-third of all cars are used for going to and from work. You can go shopping with a friend from time to time. If two people use a car instead of one，they all save. Driving stress would be less，too，with fewer cars on the road. The savings on gas around the nation would come to one-half million barrels a day. Still another way to save is by cutting out trips one does not need to take. Can you find one car trip per week that could be done by telephone？Can you combine trips？If each car traveled 10 miles less each week，they could save

three-and-a-half billion gallons of gas a year. This come to nearly 5 percent of the total passenger car demand for gas.

The way people drive decides how much fuel they save. Careful drivers may get 20 percent more miles per gallon than ordinary drivers. They obey the 55-mile-per-hour speed limit. If just one gallon of gas were saved each week for each car in the country，a total of five-and-a-half billion gallons could be saved a year.

41.Which of the following statements is true about an average car according to the passage？

A.An ordinary car can run a lot more than 10，000 millions with 650 gallons of gas.

B.An ordinary car can run no more than 15 miles with one gallon of gas.

C.An ordinary car with ten gallons of gas can run no more than 150 miles.

D.An ordinary car can run 10，000 miles each year with 70 billion gallons of fuel.

42.he passage mentions all of the following facts EXCEPT

A.keeping one's car in good shape helps one save gas

B.riding buses instead of driving is helpful to gas saving

C.sharing a ride or walking to work is another way to save gas

D.driving stress can be greatly relieved by using less gas.

43.The author thinks that if more people share a ride，there would be

A.fewer cars on the road

B.a higher speed limit

C.more highway accidents

D.fewer cars to be sold

44.According to the passage，it is possible to save five percent of the total passenger car demand for gas each year，if

A.people all share car-riding instead of owning their own cars

B.all the cars cut off one trip on 10 miles each week

C.two people go shopping from time to time

D.people use telephones instead of riding cars职称英语教材

45.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the text？

A.Drivers could change their driving habits and keep their cars in good shape.

B.The importance of saving fuel is severely ignored.

C.Saving gas is important and could be done in several ways.

D.People should use fewer automobiles and make good use of telephone.

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Fire-fighting Fabric

Each year thousands of people worldwide are killed or seriously injured by fires started in mattresses. ____（46）。To help prevent fires in crowded public spaces，E.I.Du Pont de Nemours & Co. recently invented a fire-resistant fabric. The company claims that this fabric significantly reduces the combustibility of mattresses and upholstered furniture. In tests conducted by a Boston-based hotel chain，the material has proved very efficient in preventing or delaying the combustion of mattresses and furniture after fires have been started. ____（47）。California and several other states are considering new regulations that would require the use of fire-resistant furniture in public places （defined as area

where 10 or more people gather）。____（48）。American laws require hotels to buy fire-resistant mattress covers，though covers made of fiber glass and cotton do exist and are used by some companies. ____（49）。

The Du-Pont fabric will well for less than $ 5 a yard and it is believed that the market will develop over the next two years. ______（50）。

A. The development of the material is timely.

B. And last year，England passed a law requiring that all furniture contain

fine-resistant material.

C. The company expects that the competition will be very strong in the market because right now，its product is just one option.

D. And there are some expects.

E. Often the fires occur in hotels and are caused by people smoking in bed.

F. However，the cotton covers wash out over time and the fiber glass is not very comfortable.

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。

On the Net Friends Come and Go，Talking of……

The young woman was visibly 51and clearly wanted to get something off her chest.

“Whats up？” I 52。

“Ive just been defr iended，” she said.

Now “defriended” is a word 53I am not familiar. I have been befriended

54- and befriended - many people since arriving in Beijing. But defriended？

It turns 55this is a new word created by the Interact-savvy younger generation specifically in relation to the worldwide social networking phenomenon，Facebook.

Those who join can invite friends to become members of the site，56。They can then share photographs，“chat”，swap messages and observations and perform a host of other mutually accessible applications.

Ive seen some peoples sites 57hundreds of friends，all moments away down a fiber optic cable，providing they are logged on to their computers or hooked up to a high-spec cell phone.

It creates th e possibility of “befriending” anyone in the world who has online access. Currently，Facebook has 150 million users. That means theres a lot of “friends” out there.

The 58is that you can be “defriended” - you can be denied access to the Face，book site someone who had previously invited to be his or her friend. And you can do it without the potential for instant recrimination.

Where once，in the school playground on child might have petulantly shouted 59 another，“Im not going to be your fried any more” the same hurt and loss of face can be performed remotely with the chick of a button.

A 60aspect of “defriending” is that，un like With other applications such as the “what are you thinking about？” posting a digital depository of the often dire，

61，dull and desperate，no message is sent out alerting you or your contacts about the change m status. You only find out you have 62when you try to visit a “friends” site，and you find you can no longer get in. the delay of the discovery is all too often doubly hurtful.

Just as bombs are dispatched impersonally 63an unseen enemy in modem warfare，64relationships are blown out of the window with the same callous disregard，without the risk of any face-to-face comeback. One second you arc there，65you are deleted.

51. A.satisfied B.friendly C.moved D.upset

52. https://www.360docs.net/doc/5311852517.html,plained B.explained C.inquired D.argued

53. A.with which B.in which C.which D.that

54. A.on B.by C.with D.in

55. A.about B.out C.around D.in

56. A.too B.either C.yet D.neither

57. A.exaggerating B.overstating C.boasting D.showing off

58. A.benefit B.advantage C.downside D.merit

59. A.at B.in C.on D.forward

60. A.neutral B.controversial C.astonishing D.remarkable

61. A.exciting B.dreary C.cheerful D.bright

62. A.been dumped B.dumped C.being dumped D.dumping

63. A.forward B.for C.into D.against

64. A.and B.since C.so D.but

65. A.the next B.the first C.the first D.a next

参考答案

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