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2021年高二下学期第十四次周练政治试题 含答案
2021年高二下学期第十四次周练政治试题 含答案

2021年高二下学期第十四次周练政治试题含答案

一、单项选择题

1.辩证唯物主义认为“世界是物质的”。对这个“物质”的理解,下列观点正确的是( )

A.世界上存在的一切事物和现象

B.不依赖于人的意识,并能为人的意识所反映的客观实在

C.一切具体物质形态的总和

D.除了人脑以外的客观存在

2.“物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴”,其本意是指( )

A.客观实在性是物质的唯一特性

B.客观实在性是物质的根本属性

C.物质存在于客观实在之中

D.物质是客观存在的标志

3.《坛经》记载:时风吹幡动,一僧曰风动,一僧曰幡动,议论不一。慧能进曰:“不是风动,不是幡动,仁者心动!”慧能的观点属于( )

A.离开物质谈运动的唯心主义观点

B.离开运动谈物质的形而上学观点

C.把物质和运动结合起来的观点

D.神创论观点

4.下列对静止的看法正确的是( )

A.静止是绝对的不动,是运动的特殊状态

B.静止不是绝对的不动,是一种不显著的运动,是运动的特殊状态

C.静止是运动的特殊状态,是无条件的、相对的运动

D.静止在一定条件下,可以是指永恒不动

5.古希腊哲学家克拉底鲁认为,万物只是一种不可名状的旋风,他拒绝给事物起名称,主张对客观事物“什么都不能说”。其错误在于( ) A.否定了事物的客观性

B.夸大了人的主观能动性

C.否认了事物的相对静止

D.割裂了物质和运动的关系

6.荀子曰:“天行有常,不为尧存,不为桀亡。”这句话体现的哲学道理是( )

A.规律是客观的,是不以人的意志为转移的

B.一切从实际出发

C.事物运动是有规律的

D.矛盾具有普遍性

7.从意识的起源来看,意识是( )

A.人脑的机能

B.物质世界长期发展的产物

C.自然界的产物

D.社会的产物

8.《三国演义》写尽了十八般兵器,但没有写到枪炮;《封神榜》写尽商纣宫廷的奢华,却没有提到互联网、高尔夫。这是因为( )

A.脱离了社会也可以形成意识

B.人们的意识无法预见未来

C.意识的内容来自客观存在

D.意识是自然界发展的产物

9.约翰·洛克认为:人出生时心灵像白纸或白板一样,人的一切观念和知识都是外界事物在白纸或白板上留下的痕迹,最终都源于外部经验和内省的经验。他的观点否认了( )

A.实践是认识的来源

B.实践是认识发展的动力

C.实践是检验认识真理性的唯一标准

D.实践是认识的目的和归宿

10.真理都有自己适用的范围,这说明了( )

A.真理是普遍的

B.真理是主观的

C.真理是有条件的

D.真理是绝对的

11.“物质是运动的物质,运动是物质的运动,没有物质的运动和没有运动的物质是同样不可想象的。”这一观点( )

A.肯定了物质就是运动,运动就是物质

B.说明物质离不开运动,运动可以离开物质

C.表明物质是运动的主体,运动是物质的存在方式和固有的根本属性

D.否定物质与运动是不可分割的

12.美国纽约有一种特别的迎接新年的方式,人们直接把信件、成绩单、银行账单,或者把不开心的事情写在卡片上,投入时代广场上的一台巨大粉碎机里粉碎,从而以崭新的心情迎接新年。该做法( )

A.否定了意识的能动作用

B.是人们对客观现实的虚幻的反映

C.体现了意识具有客观物质性

D.承认意识对人的生理活动具有能动作用

二、双项选择题

13.诸葛亮六出祁山,最终功亏一篑,不禁悲叹:谋事在人,成事在天。这句话合理的是( )

A.发挥主观能动性能否成功关键在于人

B.人们认识事物的过程主要受主观条件的制约

C.发挥主观能动性能否成功,受客观规律的制约

D.办事情的成功,既要自身努力,也要符合客观规律

14.三角形内角之和等于180°,这是古希腊数学家欧几里得提出的定理。在此之后的两千多年里。人们一直把它当作任何条件下都适用的真理。但是,19世纪初,俄国数学家罗巴切夫斯基提出:在凹曲面上,三角形内角之和小于180°。随后,德国数学家黎曼提出:在球形凸面上,三角形内角之和大于180°。这说明真理是( )

A.因人而异的 B.具体的

C.有条件的 D.客观的

15.“实践、认识、再实践、再认识,这种形式,循环往复以至无穷,而实践和认识之每一循环的内容,都比较地进到了高一级的程度。”对毛泽东的这句话理解正确的是( )

A.人们对一个事物的正确认识往往要经过从实践到认识,再从认识到实践的多次反复才能完成

B.认识运动是一种圆圈式的循环运动

C.从实践到认识、从认识到实践的循环是一种波浪式的前进或螺旋式的上升D.我们可以追求绝对真理

一、单项选择题1. B

2.A

3. A

4. B

5.C

6.A

7.B

8.C

9.A

10. C

11.C

12.D

二、双项选择题13.CD

14. BC

15. AC

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III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each

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