英语易混淆词汇比较记忆

英语易混淆词汇比较记忆
英语易混淆词汇比较记忆

英语易混淆词汇比较记忆

acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve, secure

这一组动词都有"获得,取得"的意思,在考研和CET-6当中屡次出现它们之间的辨析。

acquire v.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等,也可用于对财物等的获得,该词强调"一经获得就会长期持有"的含义。

It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通过学习,个人才得以获得应付各种情况的习惯做法。

attain v.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果;也可指达到某一目标。

The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.这名销售员完成了当月的销售目标。

obtain v.获得,买到,用于正式语体中。

He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通过向银行贷款买下了那份房产。

gain v.指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处;亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。

An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投资者通过所买股票价格上涨而得利润。

earn v.挣得,赢得,指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。

How much do you earn a week?你一星期挣多少钱?

achieve v.得到,获得,多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。

The movie star achieved success and wealth.这个影星取得了成功和财富。

secure v.得到;把……拿到手,含有肯定占有难以得到的东西之意;使安全,保卫;作形容词比较常见,意为"安全的"。

A million signatures have been secured.已征集到了100万人的签名。

He secured the office before leaving it for the night.他晚上离开前锁好了办公室的门窗。

acute, critical, crucial, urgent

这一组形容词都有"严重的,重要的"意思。

acute a.剧烈的,严重的;急性的(病)。

An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品严重缺乏,伊拉克人民正在忍饥挨饿。

critical a.意为"关键的",表示处于极度缺乏的状态或事件的转折点,与crucial相似。

与crucial的区别在于它对缺乏的或危急的程度有更准确的衡量;还指"批判性的,分析性的"。

It is critical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it.为了考好你必须用功学习,则你会不及格的。

crucial a.意为"决定性的,紧要关头的,至关重要的",最为笼统,适用于上述两种情况。

Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消费者信心的增强对经济的复苏是至关重要的。

urgent a.意为"紧迫的,急迫的,紧要的",它不强调所指的问题是最重要的,仅强调"紧急的"状态。

We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water.我们急需要帮助,我们的水就快要用光了。

adjust, regulate, rectify, amend, convert, alter, modify, transform, vary

这九个动词都含有"调整、改变"的意思。

adjust v.一般指很小的改变或技术性的调整;修理。

I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool.我调节了空调以保持凉爽。regulate v.指根据规定或需要对某物(机器、钟表等)进行调整或调节,使之准确工作或运行;多含有"控制"之意。

Lights are used to regulate the traffic.红绿灯被用来管制交通。

rectify v.纠正,校正(错误、文章、合同等)。

He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错误。

amend v. (正式用语)指修改文件、法律、规范等。

The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家们修正了这项法律以提供更多的就业。

convert v.改变某事物的形式或用途,还可以指改变信仰尤其是宗教信仰。

Britain converted to a decimal currency system in 1971.英国于1971年改用十进制货币体系。

He's converted to Catholicism.他已经皈依天主教。

alter v.使事物在外观、性质、用途等方面稍作改变。

The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight.裁缝修改了我的裤腰因为它太紧了。

modify v.改变,修改,以使某物更趋完善,还可以用来表示态度、脾气、意见变得温和。

He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗声大气,脾气暴躁;朋友们告诉他要改变自己的举止。

transform v.指彻底、深远的改变,这种变化完全改变了外观或特性,使被改变的对象脱胎换骨。

Remodeling transformed an old, dark housesintosa cheerful one.重新装修使这所陈旧昏暗的房子变得赏心悦目。

vary v.强调没有一定规则、陆续的变化或差异。

Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的机票价格各不相同。

admit, confess, concede

这几个动词都有"承认"的意思。

admit v.指由于说服、再三追问而"承认"某一事实或过错。

I admit that you have a point.我承认你有理。

confess v.供认(罪行、过错等),含有"坦白、招认"的意思。

He confessed his crimes to the judge.他向法官供认了他的罪行。

concede v.指曾想隐瞒或不愿意承认某一错误,但由于证据确凿而不得不勉强承认,还可以指"以退为进"的承认。

The man who caused the accident finally conceded to the police that he had done it.造成这次交通事故的人最终向警察承认他是肇事人。

affiliate, link, attach, append

这一组动词都有"附加"的意思。

affiliate v.加入,成为……一部分。

an affiliated middle school一所附属中学

link v.将人或物连接起来。

The crowd linked arms to form a barrier.群众臂挽着臂组成人墙。

attach v.将某物系在、贴在、附在另一物上。

I attached a note to my report with a paper clip.我用别针将一张字条别在报告的后面。

append v.增加,附加(与attach的意思比较接近)。

The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。

affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim

这一组动词都有"声称"的意思。

affirm v.坚信不疑地肯定或宣称,是deny的反义词。

He affirmed his love for her.他发誓爱她。

assert v.指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称,或者清楚有力地坚持某个情况为事实。

She asserted that she was innocent .她宣称自己是无辜的。

allege v.在无真凭实据的情况下宣称、断定。

The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.嫌疑犯声称案发时他不在现场。

claim v.要求,声称,断言。多指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张。

They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city.他们生成如果有更多的人骑自行车上班的话,闹市区的汽车就会有所减少。

announce v.宣布,宣告。多指首次当众正式宣布某一主张或态度,常常带有预告的意味。

The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge.印刷术的发明宣告了知识普及时代的来临。

proclaim v.宣布;宣告(成立)。指经过深思熟虑后向大众宣布一个明确的决定或判断,尤其指重大事件的宣布,多用于官方场合。

The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came.当战争来临的时候总统宣布进入紧急状态。

amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand

amplify v.扩大,增加,尤其指通过增强电压或电流使声音扩大;补充叙述(故事、事件等)。

We must ask you to amplify your statement.我们得请你对你的说法作进一步的说明。

enlarge v.扩大,多指具体物品如相片的放大。

enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house扩建房屋

stretch v. (有弹性地)伸展,延伸,并有可能超过限度;伸长、伸出(身体某部位)并绷紧肌肉(尤指在放松后或为了够着某物)。

The pullover stretched after I had worn it a few times.这件套头毛衣我穿了几次之后就撑大了。

Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早间工作之后,职员们站到桌子后面伸伸懒腰。

magnify v.放大,指用透镜或显微镜使物体看上去大一些。

His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能够阅读。

reinforce v.增援,加固。

expand v.指范围、体积的扩大、增大,也可以指内容或细节的充实。

The balloon expanded, then exploded.气球先是膨胀,然后就爆破了。

anger, fury, indignation, resentment

这一组名词都有"愤怒、生气"的意思。

anger n.气愤,生气,是一般用语。

After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.争吵之后,他一拳打在那个人的脸上以发泄怒气。

fury n.暴怒,大怒,程度较anger要强。

indignation n.义愤,尤其指出于道义上的激愤。

general indignation at the sudden steep rise in bus fares公共汽车票价突然猛增激起的公愤resentment n.愤恨,怨恨,不满,是正式用语,尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到伤害后而产生的愤慨。

There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyone's pay was lowered.大家的工资降低后,办公室里怨声载道。

apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct

这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。

apparent a.明显的,显而易见的,尤其指容易观察到或认识到的事物。

He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴,显然他现在想走了。

evident a.明白的,明显的,与apparent基本同意,多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。

It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的,在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。

manifest a.清楚的,明显的,多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义,常作表语。

Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众,但长相并不动人。

obvious a.明显的,显而易见的,含有无可辩白,不需证明之意。

It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然,那个妇女酒喝的太多了。

distinct a.清楚的,明显的;不同的,独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。

Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。

applaud, clap, commend, praise

applaud v.鼓掌,赞扬,指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许,大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。

The boss applauded my efforts by praising my work.老板表扬了我的工作,对我的努力表示赞许。

clap v.拍打,其用法是clap one's hand=applaud,不能说applaud one's hands。

clap sb.为某人鼓掌,clap sth.拍打某物

commend v.为正式用词,用于对具体功绩或成就表示嘉奖,通常指上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的赞赏。

The teacher commended the student for doing well on the exam.老师表扬学生们的考试成绩优异。

praise v.为一般用词,用于对某人的优秀品质表示钦佩羡慕;赞颂,赞美。

A supervisor praised the employee for her good work.一位主管称赞这位员工的工作做得不错。

Survivors of the crash praised God for saving them.坠机事件的幸存者赞颂上帝使他们得救。

area, district, region, vicinity, zone

这一组名词都有"区域"的意思。

area n.泛指面积较大的地区;面积;专业领域。

The New York area has high rents.纽约地区房租很高。

district n.行政区划的小范围地区。如Xicheng district北京西城区

region n.行政区划上更大的地区,如"自治区";身体部位。

The northeast region of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美国东北部包括纽约和新英格兰地区的那六个州。

vicinity n.周围地区,附近地区。

The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因为逃跑的罪犯就藏在附近地区。

zone n.指特定的地方、地带。

The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通过法律,在一些空地上开辟商业区。

assembly, conference, congress, rally, seminar, session, summit, symposium

这一组名词都表示"会议"的意思。

assembly n.集合,集会。

The assembly of students takes place in the auditorium.学生们在大礼堂举行集会。

conference n. (专门性的)会议,讨论会。

The conference on international economic problems met in Geneva.关于世界经济问题的会议在日内瓦召开。

congress n.代表大会,(美国的)国会。

Congress passes laws that must be obeyed by the people.美国国会通过的法律,人民一定要遵守。

rally n. (鼓舞士气的)集会;群众性集会。

The football coach called a rally to build up the team's excitement for the next game.足球教练召开了一个动员会,以便鼓舞士气打好下次比赛。

seminar n. (大学的)研究班,研讨会。

During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.暑假里,一些教师在学院里参加研究班。

session n. (一届)会议,回合。

the autumn session of Parliament议会的秋季会议

summit n.最高级会议,峰会(通常为领导人参加)。

Next year, the summit will be held in Vienna.明年将在维也纳举行最高级会谈。

symposium n. (学术、科研方面的)座谈会,专题报告会。

The symposium on SARS research lasted two days.非典型性肺炎研究的研讨会持续了两天。

assessment, estimate, evaluation

这一组名词都有"评估"的意思。

assessment n.评估,估价,常常表示对于财产、价值的评估。

We have a low assessment on our property.我们对我们的资产评估很低。

estimate n.估计,强调进行评估得出的结果,常与动词give搭配。

The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.机械师给我的汽车修理费的粗略估计是200或300美元。

evaluation n. (对于能力,价值、工作业绩的)评价,估价,常带有肯定的、正确的含义。

He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他对于我们的科学研究给予了积极的评价。

associate, ally, combine, unite

这一组词都有"联合"的意思。associate v.交往,结交;联系,联想。多指平等友好

的合作,后接with,表示与某人交往或合作,后接in表示在某个方面合作。

We associate with our neighbors at church.在教堂里,我们同邻居交往。

ally v.使结盟,使联姻,多与with搭配。

Several political parties allied with each other against higher taxes.几个政治党派联合起来反对提高税收。

combine v.联合,化合,混合,多指为了某个目的将不同的人或物混合而成一个整体。

The girl combined sugar, butter, and flour to made the dough.小姑娘把糖、黄油和面粉混合到一起做成面团。unite v.联合,合并,团结,尤指不同的事物或人组成统一体,强调结果的一致性。

The nation united against its enemy.国民团结一致共同对敌。

average, common, general, universal, usual

这一组形容词都有"普通"的意思。

average a.普通的,一般的,它强调的是一般水准或普通水准;通常在有数字出现的情况下,表示"平均的"。

The average runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.跑步者15分钟内平均跑两英里。

common a.常见的,普通的,不足为奇的,有时引申为"平凡的",强调事物的共同性。另外,它还有"公共的,共同的"之意。

Car accidents are a common occurrence.交通事故是很普通的事件。

general a.普通的,一般的,表示涉及到各方面,强调整体性而非个别和例外,该词的反义词为particular。

In general, the economy is doing well now.总的来说,现在的经济形式还不错。

universal a.普遍的,比general语气更强,有"全然没有例外"的意思。

Poverty is a universal problem all over the world.贫困是世界各地普遍存在的问题。

usual a.通常的,惯常的,强调"习惯性的,符合规章制度的",是个一般用语。

award, reward

award v.指正式地或官方地颁发,授予,给予;也可以指法庭裁决给予。后面可跟双宾语。

The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。

reward v.酬劳,奖赏,回报,通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到报酬或酬谢,其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语。后跟with用来说明以何物作为报酬。

I will reward to the person who returns my lost dog.我将出50美元,酬谢帮我找回丢失的狗的人。

aware, conscious

aware a.知道的,意识到的,强调感官对外界事物的意识。

He was aware of his mistake.他意识到自己的错误。

conscious a.有意识的,意识到的,一般指内心所意识到的。

The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。

base, foundation, ground

这一组名词都有"基础"的意思。

base n.指具体的有形的基础,也可指物体的底部、基部;基地,总部。

They use their apartment in New York as a home base from which they travel frequently.他们把纽约的公寓作为他们频繁出行的大本营。

foundation n.本义指建筑物的地基,含有坚实的基础的意思;基金会。

The foundation for our house is made of cement.我们房子的地基是水泥打下的。

ground n.地面,土地,也指地域,水底,海底。

basic, elementary, fundamental

basic a.基本的,基础的,既可用于具体事物,也可用于抽象事物。

He has a basic understanding of the problem.他对问题有基本的了解。

elementary a.初步的,初级的。elementary school小学

fundamental a.根本性的,一般只用于抽象的事物;必要的,必须的。

Honesty is a fundamental principle in dealing with others.诚实是与别人相处的基本原则。

beam, chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, roar, sneer

这一组都有"笑"的意思,而它们之间的差别也是明显的。

beam v.本义指照耀,放光,引申为"微笑",是正式用语,指面带喜悦或笑容,暗示对他人的友好或内心的满足。

She beamed with happiness.她高兴得眉开眼笑。

chuckle v. (书面语)吃吃的笑,抿嘴笑,轻声笑,多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。

She does not laugh out loud; she only chuckles.她没有笑出声来,只是抿嘴而笑。

giggle v.咯咯地笑,痴笑,傻笑,多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。

The schoolgirls giggled when the famous football player walkedsintostheir classroom.当这个著名的足球运动员走进教室时,女生们都咯咯地笑起来。

grin v.露齿而笑,指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。

He grinned at his mother.他冲他的妈妈咧嘴一笑。

jeer v.讥笑,嘲笑,其同义词是mock。

The crowd jeered when the boxer was knocked down.当那个拳手被人打倒时,人群开始嘲笑他。

laugh v.笑,大笑,用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。

roar v.怒吼,咆哮,引申为放声大笑,哄堂大笑。

He roared when he heard the joke.听完这个笑话,他哈哈大笑。

sneer v.冷笑,嘲笑,指以语言、表情、和声调表示轻蔑或嘲弄。

He sneered at the offer and said it was two low.他对报价嗤之以鼻,说它太低了。bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex

这一组词都有"迷惑"的意思。

bewilder v.使困惑,使茫然,强调非常困惑,通常表现为心理和智力的紊乱,语气最重。

He was fired without warning and is completely bewildered about the reason.他没有得到事先警告就被开除了,完全不明白是什么原因。

When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were bewildered by its complicated traffic system.当这些农夫们第一次到城里的时候,他们对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。

puzzle v.使迷惑,感到不解,强调不理解或解决不了。

Where the sunken treasure is puzzles explorers.沉没宝藏的下落令探险家们大惑不解。

confuse v.一般用语,使混乱,使糊涂,强调因混淆而使人产生迷乱。

He sent the wrong reports because he confused them with other ones.他发错了报告,因为他把它们同另外一些报告混淆在一起了。

embarrass v.使窘迫,使为难,使困惑,有令人不快、难为情和内心混乱的意味。

Her boyfriend embarrassed her by teasing her about her new hairstyle in front of others.她的男友在别人面前嘲笑她的新发型,使她感到难堪。perplex v.使杂乱,使疑虑,使不安。

The new tax laws perplex me.新税收法律使我很费解。

blame, condemn, reproach, scold

这一组动词都有"责怪"的意思。

blame v.责怪,把……归咎于。

You can't blame anyone in case you fail the exam.万一你考试不及格,你不能怪罪任何人。

condemn v.谴责,用于比较正式的、严肃的场合。

The wife condemned her husband for drinking too much.妻子因丈夫贪杯而责怪他。

reproach v. (书面语)责备,表示不满。

His teacher reproached him for not doing his homework.老师责备他不做作业。

scold v.责骂,训斥。

blunder, error, mistake

这一组词都表示"错误"。

blunder n. (因为无知、疏忽犯下的)大错,愚蠢的错误。

I think that I committed a blunder in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.这位女士由于我的问题感到很难过,我感觉到犯了一个大错。

error n.指判断、计算或行为上的错误,也可指智力或道义上的错误。

The accident was the result of human error.这事故是人为的错误造成的。

mistake n.误会,误解;(粗心、遗忘所导致的)错误。

I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我错拿了你的手提包。

brittle, fragile, frail, crisp, invalid

这一组形容词都有"弱"的意思。

brittle a.易碎的,易损坏的,通常是指坚硬的东西。

The bones of elderly people become brittle and easily broken.老年人的骨头变得脆弱,很容易骨折。

fragile a.常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西,也引申为体弱的,虚弱的。

He 's feeling a bit fragile after last night's party.他参加了昨晚的聚会以后,现在感觉有些虚弱。frail a. (指人)体弱的,虚弱的,也可以指东西易碎的。

His mother has grown old and frail.他母亲已经年老体弱。

crisp a.指食品的松脆;清新的,爽快的;活跃的,有生气的,干净利落的。

crisp biscuit松脆的饼干

The student gave a clear, crisp answer to the teacher's question.学生干净利落地回答了老师的问题。

invalid a.不正确的,缺乏证据的;无效的,作废的。作名词时,表示病弱者,伤残者,久病者。

Your ideas about the first humans are interesting but invalid.你关于最早的人类的观点很有意思,但是缺乏证据。

A bad car accident made him an invalid.一次严重的车祸使他变成了残疾。

boundary, border, frontier, rim, verge

这几个名词都有"边界"的意思。

boundary n.边界;界线。多指作为界线的标识物等。

The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers.这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分

界线。

border n.较宽的边缘,边界,多指两国或两地之间的分界处附近的边缘地区、边界地带;也可以指物体的边缘等。

We crossed the Mexican bordersintosthe USA.我们穿过墨西哥边界进入美国境内。

frontier n.边界,边境,边疆,指靠近边界(boundary)的区域;也可引申为"未开发的领域","(学术的)前沿"等。

The American West was still a frontier a century ago.一个世纪以前美国西部还是一片边疆。

She is a biochemist who works on the frontiers of biology.她是从事生物学前沿研究的生化学家。

rim n.边,边缘,尤指圆形或近似圆形的物体的边缘。

verge n. (道路、花坛等长着草的)边缘,引申为"某事即将发生之际"。

on the verge of war战争爆发之际

brief, concise, curt, succinct

这一组形容词都有"简短的"意思。

brief a.简明扼要的,简短的,指时间短暂,办事利索,态度明了等;有时含有"虽短但却不失全面"的意味。

The manager made a brief statement to open the meeting.经理致了简短的开幕词。

concise a. (文字等的)简要、精练,常含有保留主要部分的意思。

His letter was concise, omitting everything not pertinent to the job.他的信写得简明扼要,省略掉了所有与该项工作无关的部分。

curt a.三言两语的,简短的,常含有"草率"的意思。

He asked his boss a question, but got a curt reply , "I have no time for you now!"他问老板一个问题,但是老板草率的说:"我没时间搭理你。"

succinct a.简明的,简洁的,简练的,尤指用词简练,除含有concise的意思外,还有经过压缩的或简化的意思。

succinct summary of the argument论点的概要

bush, shrub, jungle

这一组词均与树木有关。

bush n.矮树丛。

shrub n.有木茎的灌木,灌木丛。

jungle n.热带稠密的雨林或丛林。

certify, rectify, testify, verify

这是一组形近易混词。

certify v.证明,声称是真的。

He certified it was his wife's handwriting.他证明那是他妻子的手迹。

rectify v.改正,纠正;整顿。

He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错。

testify v. (在法庭上)宣誓作证;表明。

He is the only person who can testify in this case, because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.由于其他的证人已经被神秘地杀害,他成为这件案例中唯一可以作证的人。

verify v. (用事实)证实或核实。

I verified the store's address by calling to check it.我打电话询问,以核实商店的地址。

compel, constrain, force, oblige

这一组动词都有"强迫"的意思。

compel v.强迫,迫使,常表示运用权利、力量迫使对方做某事;有时也表示"别无办法,不得不做"。

His illness compelled him to stay in bed.他的病迫使他卧床休息。

constrain v.力劝,强迫,与compel意思相近,但更多强调内心情感(如道德、怜悯等)的强迫和限制作用,一般用于正式的场合。

As an artist he didn't consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people.他认为自己是艺术家,不必象一般人那样要受到社会行为准则的约束。

force v.强迫,迫使,暴力威胁的意味较浓,常用于被动语态。

The thief forced her to hand over the money.强盗逼迫她把钱交出来。

oblige v. (因法律、习俗等)强迫,迫使,常常用于被动。

We are obliged to stop the car at a red light.我们遇到红灯时必须停车。

complaint, disorder

这两个词都有"疾病"的意思。

complaint n.疾病(主要指病人去看病时向医生描述的病症,既可以是小病、慢性病,也可以是传染性疾病);抱怨,埋怨,不满。

a heart complaint心脏病

disorder n. (精神或肉体的)疾病(着重于身心、机能的失调、不平衡);骚乱,动乱;混乱,杂乱。

a disorder of the digestive system消化系统疾病

complement, supplement,append

这三个名词都有"补充"的意思。

complement n.补充,补充物,主要指补充不足使之完美。

Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。

supplement n.增补,补充,补贴,主要指另外补加,增补。

One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.我们在报告完成一年之后,必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。

append n.附加,添上或补充某事物(尤指文字)。

The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。

component, element, factor, ingredient

这一组名词都有"组成成分"的意思。

component n.零部件;(某事物的)组成部分;成分。

Tires, the engine, the body, and the seats are component of a car.轮胎,引擎,车身以及坐椅都是一辆汽车的零部件。

element n.元素;组成部分,方面;某特定类型的人或群体,分子。

The elements hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.氢元素和氧元素构成了水。

He belongs to a bad element in this city.他属于这个城市的坏分子。

factor n.因素,要素,侧重指原因。

Endurance is an important factor in success in sports.耐力是体育比赛成功的一个重要因素。

ingredient n.原料,成分,要素。

Flour, milk, butter and yeast are some ingredients in bread.面粉、牛奶、黄油和酵母是做面包的一些原料。

高考英语高分必备:高中英语100组易混易错词汇+100个易错知识点

高考英语高分必备:高中英语100组易混易错词汇+100个易错知识点100组易混易错词汇 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. amount, number amount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词 a number of students 3. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 4. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 5. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practice makes perfect. 6. officer, official officer部队的军官,official政府官员an army officer 7. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数 a good job

8. cook, cooker cook厨师,cooker厨具He is a good cook. 9. problem, question problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用 10. a number of, the number of a number of许多,谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目,谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 11. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious. 12. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 13. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面,in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy. 14. three of us, the three of us three of us我们(不止三个)中的三个,the three of us我们三个(就三个人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 15. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段,方式,不用冠词,on the bus表范围They went there by bus.

高考英语易混易错词汇总结

高考英语易混易错词汇总结 1、clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数, cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2、 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident、 3、 amount, number amount后接不可数名词, number后接可数名词a number of students 4、 family, house, home home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员、 My family is a happy one、 5、 sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside、 6、 photo, picture, drawing photo用A照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let’s go and see a good picture、 7、 vocabulary, word vocabulary 词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary、 8、 population, people population人口,人数,people具体的人China has a large population、 9、weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you、

易混淆的字词

黯然神伤(暗) 安民告示(事)按部就班(步) 唉声叹气(哀)嗷嗷待哺(敖) 安营扎寨(按) 坂上走丸(板) 跋山涉水(拔)半壁江山(璧) 百尺竿头(杆) 卑躬屈膝(曲) 白璧微瑕(暇) 背道而驰(倍) 并行不悖(背) 比比皆是(彼) 别出心裁(新)筚路蓝缕(篮) 敝帚自珍(蔽) 鞭辟入里(僻) 遍体鳞伤(粼) 别出机杼(纾) 不共戴天(带) 不可名状(明)不堪忍受(勘) 不计其数(记) 不修边幅(篇) 不徇私情(循) 不辨菽麦(黍) 报销车费(消) 暴戾恣睢(雎) 步履维艰(坚) 彪炳千秋(标) 变本加厉(利) 仓皇失措(慌) 草菅人命(管) 插科打诨(浑) 残羹冷炙(灸) 惨绝人寰(环) 缠绵悱恻(测) 陈词滥调(烂) 惩前毖后(毙) 瞠目结舌(嗔) 充耳不闻(冲) 出奇制胜(致) 出类拔萃(粹) 出人头地(投) 川流不息(穿)蹉跎岁月(嵯) 痴心妄想(忘) 姹紫嫣红(诧) 超群绝伦(纶) 诚惶诚恐(成) 摧枯拉朽(催) 猝不及防(卒) 穿凿附会(付) 处心积虑(集) 唇枪舌剑(箭)臭名昭著(招) 大材小用(才) 大名鼎鼎(顶) 大言不惭(渐) 大有裨益(稗) 咄咄逼人(拙)戴罪立功(带) 殚精竭虑(惮) 淡妆浓抹(装) 倒打一耙(把) 得不偿失(尝) 得陇望蜀(龙) 掉以轻心(调) 喋喋不休(谍) 独辟蹊径(劈) 短小精悍(焊) 大放厥词(獗) 待价而沽(估) 大是大非(事)顶礼膜拜(谟) 东施效颦(频) 雕虫小技(凋) 当头棒喝(捧) 调兵遣将(遗) 得鱼忘筌(栓) 峨冠博带(蛾) 耳濡目染(儒) 耳鬓厮磨(斯) 鹅行鸭步(鸦) 繁文缛节(褥) 丰功伟绩(迹)方枘圆凿(柄) 费尽心机(废) 分道扬镳(飚) 分庭抗礼(廷) 奋发图强(愤) 风尘仆仆(扑) 风雨如晦(诲) 风靡一时(糜) 蜂拥而来(涌) 锋芒毕露(必) 凤毛麟角(鳞) 腐化堕落(坠) 釜底抽薪(斧)敷衍塞责(演) 负隅顽抗(偶) 防微杜渐(惭) 附庸风雅(付) 飞黄腾达(皇) 感人肺腑(府) 甘冒不韪(讳) 甘拜下风(败)改邪归正(斜) 甘之如饴(贻) 亘古未有(恒) 歌舞升平(生) 革故鼎新(顶) 根深蒂固(底) 故伎重演(技) 感恩戴德(带) 各行其是(事) 关怀备至(倍) 孤注一掷(柱) 膏粱子弟(梁) 诡计多端(鬼) 含辛茹苦(如) 涣然冰释(焕) 火中取栗(粟) 好高骛远(鹜) 虎视眈眈(耽) 和盘托出(合) 涸辙之鲋(附) 黄粱美梦(梁) 怀瑾握瑜(谨) 荒谬绝伦(纶) 哄堂大笑(轰) 恍然大悟(晃) 浑浑噩噩(恶) 祸起萧墙(箫) 和衷共济(计) 河清海晏(宴) 含垢忍辱(诟) 集腋成裘(液) 记忆犹新(尤) 既往不咎(纠) 缄口不言(箴)计日程功(成) 剑拔弩张(驽) 桀骜不驯(聱) 迥然不同(炯) 急不可待(及) 金榜题名(提) 金碧辉煌(壁) 金瓯无缺(欧) 炯炯有神(迥) 鞠躬尽瘁(粹)胶柱鼓瑟(琴) 近在咫尺(只) 兼收并蓄(畜) 集思广益(积) 犄角之势(畸) 缉拿归案(辑) 骄阳似火(娇) 噤若寒蝉(禁) 积重难返(反) 精兵简政(减) 亟待解决(急) 截长补短(接) 兢兢业业(竞) 赳赳武夫(纠) 激流勇退(急) 锦绣前程(秀) 苦心孤诣(旨) 宽宏大量(洪) 口干舌燥(躁) 开门揖盗(缉) ) 截(开源节流 ) 致(克敌制胜)烩(脍炙人口 ) 尤(困兽犹斗 ) 箭(口蜜腹剑. 开天辟地(劈) 恪守不渝(格) 滥竽充数(芋) 励精图治(厉) 礼尚往来(上) 厉兵秣马(励) 销声匿迹(消) 心狠手辣(棘) 心灰意冷(恢) 兴高采烈(彩) 休养生息(修) 喧宾夺主(宣)循规蹈矩(距) 栩栩如生(诩)遐思迩想(暇) 相濡以沫(儒) 相提并论(题) 煊赫一时(恒) 相辅相成(承) 心猿意马(辕) 心心相印(映) 下车伊始(依) 闲情逸致(志)偃旗息鼓(掩) 一笔勾销(钩) 一脉相承(成) 一蹶不振(厥) 一鼓作气(股) 一筹莫展(愁) 一视同仁(人)

中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型(全)

中考英语78个易混易错单词+短语+句型 一.英语常用易混淆单词/词组的区别用法 how much和how many的区别用法 how much和how many的区别: how much用来询问事物的数量,后接不可数名词;how many用来询问事物的数量,后接可数名词复数。 1.所修饰词不同 how much用来修饰不可数名词,表示数量,也可单独使用。 how many用来修饰可数名词的复数,它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句+? 例句: How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶? How many books are there on the desk?

有多少本书在桌子上? 2.用法不同 How much 表示多少钱,用来问价格。 例句: How much is this dress? 这个连衣裙多少钱? How many 表示多少,用来问数量。 例句: How many apples do you have? 你有多少苹果? in和on的区别用法: 当我们表示某些东西被其他东西所包围时使用“in”这个词。而“on”用于描述物体被放置在其他物体上方或外部的情况。in可表时间,表地点,表手段、方法、材料。on表示时间、地点、方位等。 1.意思不同 in:prep.在 ... 里;在 ... 地方;在 ... 期间

on:prep.在 ... 之上 2.用法不同 in:in着重一段时间的过程,常用于重复动作或延续动作。in表示从现在时间算起推移到将来的一段时间之后,一般与将来时态连用。 He is a layman in economics. 他对经济学一窍不通。 on:表示“在物体的表面上”,只能用on的表达方式有on the next morning,on the following。 The spider is walking on the ceiling. 蜘蛛在天花板上爬行。 3.侧重点不同 in:表示“在其中”。 on:表示“在表面”。 if和whether的区别用法:

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