雅思剑桥部分Task1考官范文翻译

TEST2

此图表显示在所列出的四个欧洲国家中，英国对图中所包含各种商品的花费最高。对任一种商而言，英国人的相应花费都要比其它国人高出许多。只在网球拍上，英国人和另一个国家意大利人消费相当。

相比之下，德国人消费额度最低。在其对胶卷的消费上可见一斑，德国人远不如英国人对胶卷的花费。德国只在两种商品上的消费高于法国，分别是网球拍和香水。

与此同时，法国和意大利两国居民大体上消费水平居中，平均额度也趋同。具体来说，法国人对唱片和胶卷的消费要高于意大利人，然而对网球拍的消费不及意大利人。意大利人对随身听的花费略高于法国，玩具消费则在两国人中等同。

数据清楚表明，欧洲国家之间的消费习惯存在巨大差异。

TEST3

此数据表明了发展和发达国家对科教投入之间的差异。

就在校年数而言，我们可以看到在1980年，发达国家的人在校学习所用时间为8.5年，相比之下远远超过发展中国家的2.5年。这一差距在1990年扩大，两个数据分别增至10.5年和3.5年。

在图表二中，趋势也是如此。1980年至1990年，发达国家的科学家和技师的人数从每1000人中的55人升到85人，然而这一数据在发展中国家从12人升到20人。

最后，对研发项目的投资显示发达国家数据的不止翻了两番，从2000亿美元增长到4200亿美元，而发展中国家实际上有所削减，从750亿美元降至250亿美元。

总体上，我们可以看出两经济体之间不仅存在巨大差异，而且这一差异正在扩大。

IELTS4

TEST1

此表格对1999年澳大利亚不同类型的贫困家庭进行了分类。

平均来说，11%的家庭属于贫困家庭，其组成人数近200万。然而，那些单亲或独身家庭几乎在此比例上翻了两番，分别为21%和19%。

夫妇家庭一般更为富有。对丁克家庭而言，贫困比例（7%）较有孩子的家庭（12%）要低。明显的是，那时对有孩子的家庭来说，其贫困比例要高于平均比例。

老年人的贫穷可能性较小，即使数据再一次倾向老年夫妇（仅4%），而不是单身老年家庭（6%）。

总体上，表格显示单身家庭和那些有孩子的家庭生活贫困的可能性比那些夫妇家庭要大。

TEST3

此柱状图给出了1999年澳大利亚男性和女性所进修中学以上各个水平的教育文凭的信息。我们可以很快看出，男女比例在不同教育水平之间存在着巨大差异。最大的性别差异在于最低的中学以上水平，其中90%的男性获得了技校文凭，而女性只有10%的比例。相比之下，更多的女性获得了高职高专文凭（70%），女性中学历达到本科水平（55%）的比例也略高于男性。

就更高水平的教育而言，拥有研究生文凭的男性显然比女性多（分别为70%和30%）。此外，男性数量占博士生毕业的60%。

因此我们可以得出，更多的男性较女性来说获得了低等或高等教育文凭，而更多的女性拿到了本科水平。尽管男性差异在本科阶段最小。

TEST2

此曲线图显示了老龄人口在日本，瑞典和美国的增长，表明在三个国家中，老年人数的百分比预期于2024年都会增至大约25%。

1940年，日本65岁或以上的人口比例仅为5%，瑞典为大约7%，美国为9%。然而，在1990前后，西方国家的此数据上升至大约15%，日本却降至仅仅2.5%。随后上升至现今的大约5%。

即使在预期的百分比中有些波动，三个国家的老年人口比例将有可能在接下来的20年间继续上升。2030年至2040年之间，预期在日本会有一个更快的增长。同样，到那时人们认为三个国家的老年人口比例将会趋同。

TEST3

此地图展示了为卡尔斯顿镇一个即将开业的超级市场所推荐的两个位置。

第一个潜在地址在小镇之外，并恰好坐落于通往欣登镇的要道旁边，此镇位于西北方12千米。由于选址在郊区，因此能够提供大量停车位。这对来自欣登镇和卡尔斯顿镇的购物者来说，驾车会非常便利。也由于地址接近连接两镇到卡兰斯顿（东南方25千米）的铁路，大量的潜在顾客也将能够通过火车达到商场。

相比之下，第二个推荐地址坐落于小镇正中心，这对当地居民有优势。理论上，商场应能够和周边城镇，包括布兰斯顿镇的道路或铁路连接，但因为中心地带是一个步行区，所以汽车将无法泊车，以至于交通困难。

总体上，对这个小镇来说，无论哪一个地址都适合。然而对卡兰斯顿，欣登以及卡尔斯顿的消费者而言，镇外的选址（地址1）会更有优势。

IELTS6

TEST1

此曲线图显示了水在全世界范围内的使用量在1900年至2000年之间是怎样变化的。

一个世纪以来，最多的水用于农业，从初始的大约500立方千米大幅度增长至2000年的大约3000立方千米。用在工业和国内方面的水量也有所增长，但直到世纪中，水消耗量一直非常少。自1950年来，工业用水量稳步增长至刚过1000立方千米，而国内用水量以更慢的速度增长至仅300立方千米。两者都远远低于工业水消耗水平。

此图表通过对比巴西（26500平方千米）和刚果民主共和国（100平方千米）的农耕地面积描述了农业耗水在世界上一些地区的差异。这意味着在巴西，大量水被用于农业，这在人均用水量（359立方米）的数据上得以体现，相比之下，刚果只有8立方米。拥有17.6千万人口的巴西，其数据证明农业用水在某些国家是如此之高。

TEST3

第一张图展示了桑蚕的四个主要生命阶段。首先，由母蛾产的卵子需要10天时间孵化成桑蚕幼虫，它们以桑叶为食。这一阶段持续6周，直到幼蚕吐丝成茧围绕自己。大概3周之后，发育成熟的蛾最终破茧成蝶，再次进入生命轮回。

蚕茧是制作丝布的原材料。一旦被筛选出来，在沸水中煮过蚕茧能够在解旋阶段中分散开来。每一个蚕茧的丝有300至900米长，这意味着蚕丝可被缠绕在一起。经染色之后，就可以被用来织布。

总体上，这两个图展示了桑蚕的茧可以被用来制造丝布，步骤很简单。

TEST2

此曲线图描述了自1979年至2004年欧洲一个特定国家的牛肉，羊肉，鸡肉和鱼肉消耗量的改变。

1979年，牛肉是这几种肉类中最受欢迎的食物，其人均消耗量每周大约达到225克。羊肉和鸡肉的食用量（大约150克）相同，而鱼肉的食用量（仅仅50多克）则非常少。

然而，在这25年间，牛羊肉的消耗量大幅下跌分别至近100克和55克。鱼肉的消耗量也有所下降，但幅度较非常小，仅仅跌至50克以下。因此即使鱼肉一直是最不受欢迎的食物，其消耗量水平是最稳定的。

另一方面，鸡肉的消耗量呈上升趋势。在1980年超过羊肉并在1989年超过牛肉。到2004年，鸡肉人均每周消耗量飙升至近250克。

总体上，此曲线图显示了在整个时期鸡肉消耗量是怎样剧烈上升而其它食物受欢迎度则有所下降。

TEST4

饼状图对1980年到2000年间在澳大利亚和法国的发电资源做出了比较。

在此期间，产电量几乎翻了一番，在澳大利亚从100个单位升至170个单位，在法国从90个单位升至180个单位。

1980年，澳大利亚使用煤作为发电的主要资源（50单位），其它电力产生于天然气，水力（分别生产20单位电力）以及石油（生产仅10单位电力）。到2000年，煤成为超过75%的电力生产燃料，只有水力持续担当另一意义重大的供电资源，占大约20%。

相比之下，1980年法国仅25单位的电力产自于煤资源，和天然气相当。其它的40单位电力很大程度上产自于石油和核能源，水力只提供了5单位电力。然而到2000年，在澳大利亚根本没用到的核能源发展成为生产大约75%电力的主要资源，达到126个单位。而煤和石油一共生产了仅50个单位。其它资源不再重要。

总体上，很清楚的是到2000年这两个国家依赖的是不同的主要燃料资源：澳大利亚依赖于煤而法国依赖于核能源。

The chart shows that Britain, among the four European countries listed, has spent most heavily on the range of consumer goods included. In every case, British spending is considerably higher than that of other countries; only in the case of tennis racquets does another country, Italy, come close. In contrast, Germany is generally the lowest spender. This is most evident in photographic film, where Germany spends much less than Britain. Germany only spends more than another country, France, in two cases: tennis racquets and perfumes.

Meanwhile, France and Italy generally maintain middle positions, averaging approximately similar spending overall. Specifically, France spends more on CDs and photographic film but less on tennis racquets than Ital y does. Italy’s spending on personal stereos is only marginally greater than that of France, while spending on toys is equal between the two.

It is clear from the data given that there are some significant differences in spending habits within Europe.

The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.

The data shows the differences between developing and industrialised countries' participation in education and science.

In terms of the number of years of schooling received, we see that the length of time people spend at school in industrialised countries was much greater at 8.5 years in 1980, compared to 2.5 years in developing countries. The gap was increased further in 1990 when the figures rose to 10.5 years and 3.5 years respectively.

we can see a similar pattern in the second graph, which shows that the number of people working as scientists and technicians in industrialised countries increased from 55 to 85 per 1,000 people between 1980 and 1990, while the numrber in developing countries went from 12 to 20.

Finally, the figures for spending on research and development show that industrialised countries more than double their spending, from$200bn to $420bn, whereas developing countries actually decreased theirs, from $75bn down to $25bn.

Overall we can see that not only are there very large differences between the two economies but that these gaps are widening.

剑4test1

The table gives a breakdown of the different types of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.

On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people, were in this position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost double this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively.

Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%). It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time.

Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favoured elderly couples (only 4%) rather than single elderly people (6%).

Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.

剑四test3：

The chart gives information about post-school qualifications in terms of the different levels of further education reached by men and women in Australia in 1999.

We can see immediately that there were substantial differences in the proportion of men and women at different levels. The biggest gender difference is at the lowest post-school level, where 90% of those who held a skilled vocational diploma were men, compared with only 10% of women. By contrast, more women held undergraduate diplomas (70%) and marginally more women reached degree level (55%).

At the higher levels of education, men with postgraduate diplomas clearly outnumbered their female counterparts (70% and 30%, respectively), and also constituted 60% of Master’s gradu ates.

Thus we can see that more men than women hold qualifications at the lower and higher levels of education, while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men. The gender difference is smallest at the level of Bachelor’s degree, however.

The graph shows the increase in the ageing population in Japan, Sweden and the USA. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries is expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populations by the year 2040.

In 1940 the proportion of people aged 65 or more stood at only 5% in Japan, approximately 7% in Sweden and 9% in the US. However, while the figures for the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990,the figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time.

In spite of some fluctuation in the expected percentages, the proportion of older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the three countries. A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan, by which time it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be similar in the three countries.

剑5 test3

The map shows two proposed locations for a new supermarket for the town of Garlsdon.

The first potential location(S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessible to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the two towns to Gransdon(25 km to the south-east), and a potentially large number of shoppers would be also to travel by train.

In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. Theoretically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a

no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult. Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.

The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.

Throughout the century, The largest quantity of the global water used for agricultural purpose and this increased dramatically from about 500 km3 to around 3000 km3 in the year 2000.Water used in the industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1000 km3, while domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km3，both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.

The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil(26500㎞2)with that in the D.R.C(100㎞2). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person:359 m3 compared with only 8 m3in the Congo. With a population of 176 million,the figures for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries.

剑6test3

The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silk worm.

First of all, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself. After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again.

The cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. Once selected, they are boiled in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage. Each thread is between 300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the weaving stage.

Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.

剑7test2

The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamp, chicken, and, fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.

In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamp and chicken were eaten in similar quantities(around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed(just over 50 grams)

However,during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamp fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.The consumption

of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels to were the stable.

The consumption of chicken, in the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.

Overall, the graph shows the consumption of chicken increased drammatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.

剑7test4

The charts compare the source of electricity in Australia and France in the years 1980 and 2000. Between these years electricity production almost doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in France.

In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source(50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power(each producing 20 units) and oil(which produced only 10 units). By 2000, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%.

In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched by natural gas. The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all in Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and together produced only 50 units. Other sources were no longer significant.

Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.