(完整版)英美式英语单词对照表
英美式英语单词对照表
【第一组答案】1、curtains 2、lift 3、film 4、flat 5、chemist's 6、pub 7、rubbish 8、roundabout 9、crisps 10、torch
【第二组答案】1、rest room 2、baby carriage 3、blow-out 4、can 5、pants 6、stingy 7、vest 8、patrolman 9、liquor store 10、line
各类茶叶品种中英文单词翻译对照(音标)[优质文档]
茶学专业英语词汇 茶叶品种Tea varieties Tea 茶Green tea 绿茶 Black tea 红茶White tea 白茶 Scented tea花茶Pu\'er tea；Pu Erh tea；Puu Eel tea普洱茶Yellow tea 黄茶Dark tea黑茶 Sincha 新茶Yü-chien tea 雨前茶 Teabag 袋泡茶Mugi-cha 大麦茶 Herbal tea [??:rbl]花草茶Jasmine tea 茉莉花茶Chrysanthemum tea [kr??s?nθ?m?m, -?z?n-]菊花茶Block Puer tea 普洱（砖）Aged Pu\'er tea 陈年普洱Oolong tea；Oulung tea 乌龙茶Bohea tea [bo?'hi:] 武夷茶Hyson Tea 熙春茶 Kungfu Tea；Gongfu Tea 功夫茶Twankay Tea [?tw??kei]屯溪茶Keemun Tea; Qimen tea 祁门茶 Loungjing Tea；Longjing Tea；Lung Ching tea 龙井茶 Drogon Well 是对“龙井”这一名词的非正规翻译，不建议使用。Tieh-Kuan-Yin；TieGuanYin Tea 铁观音Cloud mist 云雾茶 Pekoe [?piko]白毫 注：该单词又指印度，斯里兰卡的高级红茶 Cowslip[?ka??sl?p]牛舌Gunpowder 高末儿Camellia Oleifera [k?'mil??]绿油茶 中国名茶Chinese famous tea White tipped oolong白毫乌龙Wuyi rock tea武夷岩茶 Green blade煎茶Yellow mountain fuzz tip黄山毛峰Green spiral[?spa?r?l]碧螺春Gunpowder 珠茶 Age cake puer青沱Pile cake puer青饼 Jun mountain silver needle君山银针White tip silver needle银针白毫White penoy[?pi?ni]白牡丹Long brow jade dew[du:]玉露Rode tea大红袍Cassia tea肉桂
00832英语词汇学1107全国试题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页
英美式英语单词对照表
英美式英语单词对照表
英美式英语单词对照表 史上最全！英美式英语单词对照表：吐血整理！ 很多英语学习者会分不清美式英语和英式英语之间的区别。 美式英语和英式英语最大的区别在于发音和词汇的选择。标准美式英语的发音比英音更平，并且不像英音那么悦耳。除此之外，英美式英语在语法和拼写上也有一些小区别。 不过今天，我们重点给大家分享一些英美式英语再用词上的区别。 【英式-美式英语单词对照表】 下面给大家分享一个超全的英美式单词对照表 （A-Z字母表顺序，吐血整理、史上最全哦！）含义英式英语美式英语 天线Aerial [?e?ri?l] Antenna [?n?t?n?] 生气的Angry [???gri] Mad [m?d] 任何地方Anywhere [?eniwer] Anyplace [??ni?ples] 秋天Autumn [??:t?m] Fall [f?l] 账单Bank note [b??k n?ut] Bill[b?l] 律师Barrister [?b?r?st?(r)] Attorney [??t?:rni] 饼干Biscuit [?b?sk?t] Cookie [?k?ki] 兜帽Bonnet [?b?n?t] Hood [h?d] 靴子Boot[bu:t] Trunk[tr??k]
吊带Braces [b're?s?z] Suspender s [s?'spend ?z] 看门人Caretaker [?ke?te?k? (r)] Janitor [?d??n?t?] 药店Chemist's [?kem?st’s] Drug store [dr?ɡ st?:] 薯片Chips [t??ps] French fries [fr?nt? fra?z] 电影院The cinema [e??s?n?m? ] The movies [e? mu:v?z ] 避孕套Condom [?k?nd?m] Rubber [?r?b?] 巡逻者Constable [?k?nst?bl] Patrolman [p??trolm?n] 炉子Cooker [?k?k?(r)] Stove [sto?v] 麦子Corn [k?:n] Wheat [wit] 小床Cot [k?t] Crib[kr?b] 棉线Cotton [?k?tn] Thread [θr?d] 失事crash[kr??] wreck [r?k] 十字路口crossroads [?kr?sr??dz] intersect ion [??nt?r?s ek?n] 窗帘curtains drapes
出国-泰国旅游常用英语泰语--汇总
出国-泰国旅游常用英语泰语 一．在机场AttheAirport 1.我什么时候能上飞机呢？ Whencaniboardtheplane? 2.你好，我应该什么时候办理登机手续呢？ Hi,whattimeamisupposedtocheckin? 3.给你登机牌。 Giveyouaboardingpass. 4.我觉得我在买票的时候已经付过了，这是收据。 Ithinkivealreadypaidthatwheniboughtmytick et,andhaveisthereceipt. 5.我不太清楚，我是第一次乘飞机。 Idontknowexactly,itsmyfirsttimetotakeafli ght. 6.你好，我要替我的女儿登记登机。 Hi,ineedtocheckinformydaughter. 7.旅旅途顺利。 Haveagreatflight! 二．在飞机上??ontheplane 1.请就坐，并系好安全带。 ??Pleasebeseatedandfastenyourseatbelts 2.对不起，我可以把我的包放在我旁边的这个空位上吗？ Excuseme,mayIpatmybagonthisemptyseatbes ideme? ??empty英音：['empti] 4.都有什么呢???(指你上飞机用餐时问人家有什么好吃的菜) ??Whatdoyouhave? 5.请给我一杯可乐。 ??illhaveacoke,please. 6.请把随身行李放在上面的行李柜里。 Pleasestowyoucarry-onluggageintheoverhe adcompartment. ??compartment英音：[k?m'pɑ:tm?nt] 三．通过海关GoingThroughCustoms 1.你好，海关检查在哪里办呢？ Hello,wheredoigothroughthecustomsinspec tion? ???? inspection英音：[in'spek??n] 2.我可能看你的机票护照和健康证明吗？ Mayiseeyourticketpassportandhealthcertifi cate? ???? certificate英音：[s?'tifikit] 3.??你有东西要申报吗？ Doyouhaveyourcustomsdeclaration? declaration英音：[,dekl?'rei??n] 4.??你有应缴税的东西吗？ Haveyouanythingdutiable? dutiable英音：['dju:ti?bl] 5.??我已经填好申报表的所有栏目了。 Ivefilledinthoseitemslistedintheform 四．登记住宿??Registering 1.??我订了房间现在想办理住宿登记。????ImadeareservationandI'd??liketochec kin. reservation英音：[,rez?'vei??n] 2.??请填写这张登记卡好吗？ ???Wouldyoufilloutthisregistrationcard? ??registration英音：[,red?i'strei??n] 3.你好，我可以把行李先寄存在酒店里吗？????Hello,Icanputinourluggagestorageatt hehotel?it? ????storage英音：['st?:rid?] 4.??请你填写一下登记表好吗？ ????Wouldyoumindfillingintheregistratio nform? 5.??我在房间号下面该填写什么呢？ ??WhatshouldIfillinunderRoomNumber 6.??这是520房间的钥匙和房卡，请保管好，服务生会带你到房的。 Here'sthekeytoRoom520andyourroomcard,pl ease，keepthem,Andthebellmanwillshowyouup. 7.??有什么要帮忙的？ ????WhatcanIdoforyou? 8.顺便问一下，现在去看一下房间方便吗？????Bytheway,woulditbeconvenienttoseeth eroomnow?? 9.??我想确定一下，我预定的房间。 ??I'liketoconfirmmyreservation ?confirm英音：[k?n'f?:m]?? 1
英语词汇学考试重点整理
Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出，表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by
美式英语英式英语常用单词对照表
美式英语英式英语常用单词对照表 British English英式英语American English美式英语a bit (少量) a little about (到处) around abroad (在国外) overseas add sign (加号) addition sign aeroplane(飞机) airplane aim (目标;目的) goal all in one go (突然) all at once all-round (全面的;多方面的) all-around afterwards (后来;然后) afterward air hostess(空中小姐) airline hostess American Indian(美国印第安人) Native American amongst (在……中间) among angry(生气的) mad anticlockwise(逆时针的) counterclockwise any more (不再;再也不) anymore anywhere(无论何处) anyplace apart from (除……之外) besides apartment house(公寓大楼) apartment building at university (在大学学习) in college〔school〕autumn(秋天) fall axe(斧头) ax backwards (向后) backward backwards and forwards (来回地) back and forth bad-tempered (脾气暴躁的) grumpy bandage(绷带) gauze bank note(钞票) bill barber's shop(理发店) barbershop barman(酒吧招待) bartender beauty parlour(美容院) beauty shop〔beauty salon〕beckon (示意) signal be made up of (由……组成) be made of bank note (纸币) bill bill (账单) check billiard room(台球室) poolroom〔pool hall〕 billion(万亿) trillion bin (废纸篓) wastebasket biscuit(饼干) cookie〔cracker〕blackboard(黑板) chalkboard book(预订) reserve booking office(售票处) ticket office bookshop(书店) bookstore boots〔wellies〕(雨靴) galoshes
英美式英语常用词汇对比3
必学的英美式英语常用词汇对比（3）quay --码头-- dock queue--行;列;排-- line quite〔rather,very〕--很;相当;非常-- pretty R racecourse--赛马场-- racetrack railway--铁道-- railroad railway engine--火车头-- locomotive railway station--火车站-- train station rapids--急流-- white water rear〔bring up〕--养育-- raise rear-view mirror --后视镜-- rearview mirror reckon --假定;认为-- figure record player--电唱机-- phonograph recreation ground--操场-- playground redcap--宪兵-- military policeman restaurant car--餐车-- dining car〔diner〕 return trip--来回程-- round trip reversing light --倒车灯-- back-up light revise --复习-- review ring off --挂断电话-- hang up ring road--环行路-- beltway
rocking chair--摇椅-- rocker roundabout --旋转木马-- merry-go-round〔carousel〕rubber--橡皮-- eraser rubbish--垃圾-- trash rucksack --背包-- backpack rugby--橄榄球-- football run riot --撒野;闹事-- run wild S sack--解雇-- fire safety belt --安全带-- seat belt saloon--轿车-- sedan salutation--致意-- greeting sarnie--三明治-- sandwich sea --海洋-- ocean season ticket--月票-- commuter ticket season-ticket holder--上班族-- commuter secondary〔middle〕school--中学-- high school seesaw--秋千-- teeter-totter set square --三角板-- triangle shareholder--股民-- stockholder share out --分发-- distribute shares--股份-- stock
英语国际音标单词对照
英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音: 1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [ I ]发音字母i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) [ ? ] 发音字母a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better desk hotel yes many any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor
英语词汇学怎么考 英语词汇学必背知识点
英语词汇学怎么考英语词汇学必背知识 点 英语词汇学考试难吗？那么该课程怎么考？要知道英语考试并不是一蹴而就的，所以考前应该日记月累的学习，在最后考试的时候才能更好的通过考试，我们来看看英语词汇学必背知识点吧。 英语词汇学怎么考 英语词汇学是一门理论知识课，每个知识点应该说都重要，所以重点和一般本来就难以界定。从掌握知识来说，不要去分重点和一般，对每章每节都要以搞懂弄通为原则。 1、考前重点词汇复习方法 要知道语法填空重点考查的词：动词、形容词、副词和派生词。其中重点是动词，要把考点的设置与拼写的可能形式结合起来(如从谓语动词的角度来看，就要 考虑动词的时态、语态和主谓一致所带来的动词变化。其中过去式是考查重点，所以对动词的过去式，尤其是不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的拼写，自然就成为后期复习的重点。至于另外三大词类也完全可以如此类推。
2、词汇积累学习
加强短文背诵，增强“词不离句”意识。背诵是非常原始的英语学习方法，但也是非常积极、有效的学习方法。优选一些名家名篇，做为背诵的素材;或从课文中精选一些精悍之作，作为研习的精典，不但能够迅速提高语感，而且容易激发兴趣，形成活生生的词库，为单词的准确使用打下良好的基础。 3、英语主观题拿分技巧 首先是单词拼写，这是所有题目中考生得分最低的一个部分，通常平均分不超过3分，所以大家不要太在意，20个单词，对4个，能有2分就很不错了，如果想要提高这部分，大家还要有准备的背单词，因为这里面的单词，并不全是课本课后单词表的单词，其中很多都是以前在中学学过的，所以要准备这一部分，需要的是买一本自考英语的词汇大纲，按里面的词汇背记才有意义。 如果大家对英语词汇学课程学习有难度，那么可以通过在线视频学习的，以上三点就是学赛小编对英语词汇学必背知识点学习方法，希望大家能更好的学习。 点击进入>>>
英语词汇学 英语词汇学习题3及答案讲课稿
英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field
大学英语词汇学期末考试 重点复习资料整理 权威版 后附试题
2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek
最全的英美词汇差异对比
最全的英美词汇差异对比 美国英语单词大全与英式英语单词对比词汇大全，美国英语单词和英国英语单词在拼写和发音方面有许多区别，下面的词汇列表，列举出了英国英语和美国英语单词中的差别，具有差别的英语单词大全。 汉/英/美 飞机aeroplane/airplane 航空邮件air-post/air-mail 对……（人）生气angrywith/ angry at 垃圾箱ash-bin(dust-bin) /ashcan 秋autumn/fall 面包店bakery/bakehouse 纸币(bank-)note/ (bank-)bill 理发厅barber"s shop/ barber shop 浴盆bath/bathtub 浴室bathroom/bath 寝具bedclothes/covers 饼干biscuit/cracker 百叶窗blind/shade 公寓block offlats /apartment house 宿舍boardinghouse/ dormitory
预约booking/reservation 售票处booking-office/ ticket-office 长筒鞋boot/shoe 圆顶黑色高帽bowler/derby 裤子的吊带braces/suspenders 小憩时间break/recess 中途下车breakone"s journey /stop over 白洋布、印花布calico/ printed cloth 旅行队，篷车caravan/ trailer 客车carriage/coach 游览车charabanc/sightseeing bus 药局chemist"s shop /drugstore 支票cheque/check 衣柜chest-drawers/ bureau 教名Christianname/ first name 电影院cinema/picture house 寄物处，衣帽间cloakroom /checkroom 光头close crop/crew out 衣夹clothes-peg/ clothes-pin
(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页
纺院英语词汇学11
1. 将下列矛盾修饰语译成汉语 Old news 旧新闻 student teacher 实习教师 light heavyweight 轻重量级 Peace offensive 和平攻势 growing small 越变越小 negative growth 负增长 Half naked 半裸 open secret 公开的秘密 loose tights宽松的紧身裤 Tight slacks 紧身的宽松裤 awful good极好的 same difference同样的区别 Sight unseen 看不见的景象 darkness visible看得见的黑暗 2. Point out the rhetorical devices of the following sentences 1) A hundred bayonets were marching down the street.----metonymy借代 2) She borrowed his wheel for a spin out to town. ----synecdoche 提喻
3) Laziness travels so slowly that poverty soon overtakes him.---personification 拟人 4) The scent of the rose rang like a bell through the garden.----simile 明喻 5) Constant dropping wears the stone.----metaphor 隐喻 6) His voice sounded like a thunder in the hall.—simile明喻 7) When industry comes in at the window, poverty goes out of the door.----personification.拟人 8) We are creating a nation once again vibrant, robust and alive. But there are many mountains yet to climb. ----mataphor隐喻9) You can not change his mind any more than you can change the orbit of the moon. ----simile明喻 10) That fut coat would be beyond his miserable pocket. ----metonymy借代 11) There are hundreds of sails in the harbour. ----synecdoche提喻 12) He was such an auful teacher that whenever he recognized a spark of genius you could be sure he’d water it. ---metaphor隐喻 13) Sharp words may occasionally be spoken by unguarded or ignorant tongues.