浅谈高考英语书面表达

浅谈高考英语书面表达
浅谈高考英语书面表达

浅谈高考英语书面表达

浅谈高考英语书面表达

浅谈高考英语书面表达

白伶俐

(陕西省甘泉县高级中学)

摘要:高考英语书面表达一直是众多考生惧怕的一个难题,同时也是英语教学中的一个薄弱环节,许多考生的高考写作水平低,得不了高分,严重影响了英语整体成绩。分析关于高考书面写作表达中存在的问题及解决的对策有着深远意义。

关键词:书面表达;问题;对策

从高考英语试题题型来看,书面表达占的比例相当大,所以书面表达做得好与不好对考生的成绩影响特别大。根据历年高考评卷分析,相当多的考生在书面表达环节上失分严重。为了帮助考生解决这一难题,笔者从书面表达存在的问题及解决的办法两方面简要谈谈自己的看法。

一、存在的问题

1、用汉语的思维遣词造句

大多数考生在书面表达中,最常见的毛病就是“中文式英语”,平日里习惯了中文表达,在写英语文章时,也只是将句子直译出来,不能用英语思维,用英语表达意思,写作能力从根本上无法提高。如:If one side had trouble, eight sides came to help、(一方有难,八方支援。)这种句子中国人读起来较容易,

也能够理解,但不符合英语表达习惯,也不规范。

2、语言使用有误,语法错误多

在高考的紧张环境下,许多考生不能灵活地运用所学知识准确地表达意思,总是会出现各种各样的错误,尤其是语法方面的错误。如,时态、语态、人称、单复数、大小写、前后逻辑关系等,使阅卷老师认为考生在基础英语方面存在的严重问题,从而失分情况在所难免。如,The professor gives us a speech the next week、这类句子在考卷中比比皆是。

3、谋篇布局与衔接能力弱

书面表达是对考生各方面能力的一个综合考查,但多数考生在阅读题目之后就直接动笔去写,根本不知在下笔之前对文章进行合理构思和巧妙布局的重要性,从而使文章句式单一贫乏,句意不够连贯,文章不符合逻辑,没有一定的语篇衔接手段等等瑕疵。

4、思想上不重视英语写作

许多学生在平时的写作训练中,不能给予写作足够的.重视,只是草率地完成作业,根本不重视构思、条理等环节,往往还会出现文体与要求不符,忽略细节等问题,在书写规范上更是错误百出,字迹潦草。

二、解决的对策

1、培养学生用英语思维的能力

在平时的课文教学中,教师应对学生进行各种形式的写作技能训练,培养学生用英语思维的能力。在课堂上,鼓励学生用英语记学习笔记,多听英文范文,运

用所学的基本词汇和短语练习写一些简单的句子,但力求达到准确无误。还可以挑选一些精彩的句型、段落和语篇进行背诵,培养语感。除此之外,也可以做一些句型转换、汉译英、英译汉的专项练习,用各种方式培养用英语思维的能力。

2、掌握基本知识,避免语法错误

众所周知,构成语言的三个基本要素是:语音、词汇和语法。很多学生在语音方面存在着极大的问题,导致单词不会记,记不住,所以教师在平常的授课中,应该帮助学生复习语音知识,教会学生认识开音节、闭音节,运用字母组合发音规则来记忆单词,并且利用构词法来扩大词汇量,丰富写作中的词汇。在平时的学习中,学生应该积极主动地积累一些常用句型,用所学的短语自己构造简单的句子,力求使每一个句子都没有任何的语法错误。

3、了解高考书面表达题材,做到游刃有余

近年来,高考书面表达的题材主要集中在“议论文和应用文”上,了解写作题材,并根据题材写出正确的格式是写好文章的关键一步,然后再根据要求,先对文章进行整体的构思,在时间允许的情况下罗列提纲,打草稿并修改,修改的同时一定要注意文章的连贯性并恰当地使用连接词,最后定稿完成写作。

4、充分认识书面表达的重要性

写作属于语言输出形式,所以必须从思想上重视语言,在积累了一定的思想感受和大量的语言素材后,写作能力才有可能提高,文章才有可能写好,而且写出来的文章,只有书写规范、正确美观、卷面整洁才能给整篇文章锦上添花。

总之,要想写好书面表达,考试中得高分,平时的积累与训练至关重要,考生必须首先从思想上充分认识到书面表达的重要性,并在平时的日常训练中有步骤、有计划地进行系统的训练。

参考文献:

王宁。浅谈高考英语书面表达题的解题思路[J]。教学与管理,2012(27)。

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