高考英语任务型阅读解题技巧复习
高三任务型阅读解题技巧复习任务型阅读要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表，并有一定字数的限制。主要考察学生获取信息的能力（对应信息查找题）、组织信息的能力（对应信息转换题）和概括表达信息能力（对应信息归纳题）。
Ⅰ.任务型阅读点评
任务型阅读中的题型主要包括原词重现，固定搭配，词性转换，提炼概括四大类，四种题型难度指数依次上升。
Ⅱ.解题技巧及高考原题分析
一、解题步骤：一般根据题目特点，可分为以下三步：
1）略读—快速浏览抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构(借助所给图表结构）。
2）细读—带着问题，找到文章对应点，确认题型，分析整理归纳信息并且准确表达信息。
3）复读—复读文章，反复揣摩所填之词是否符合文章内容，其拼写是否正确。
二、解题技巧：
1.信息查找题: 解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息。常用方法是带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。如：（1）5W and 1H：who, what ,when, where ,why ,how（2）时间先后: first , then , after ,that , next, finally（3）因果:because , thus , lead to, cause, as a result （4）比较:similarly, differently（5）转折：but, while, however, instead, on the contrary
2.信息转换题
解题关键:是根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。
（1）词形/性转换，即练习将一种词类转换成另一种词类，主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单，只要在文中找到关键词即可。例如：
①.原文：be responsible for your own learning...（2008江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Take（76）_________ for one’s own learning.
②.Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．（2009江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Messages from others help you(73) who you are．
③. communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．（2009江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Needs and(74) of others should be considered．
④. With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.（09安徽）转换成表格中：There is a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be
(77)________.
⑤. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a book and on-line. （2009安徽高考题）
转换成表格中：The information is updated in a (78)________ manner.
⑥. You can also learn how to apply for jobs.
转换成表格中：Its vast resources include ways of job (79)_______. （2009安徽高考题）
⑦. It's worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can. （2009安徽高考题）
转换成表格中：The time you spend and the efforts you make will be (85)_________.
（2）句子结构转换: 做此类题首先要理解题意，其次仔细比较原句和题目，明白出题人的意图，只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。以2009年江苏高考题为例：
①.原文：But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication．
转换成表格中：we are always(71) ▲in communication with others．
②.原文：we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．
转换成表格中：We are constantly(78) ▲meanings by what we do．
③. 原文：Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．转换成表格中：Yon may redo the conversation，but you(80) ▲achieve the same results．
3.信息归纳题: 解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。归纳词的特征有：概括性，在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息；针对性，量体裁衣，大小适度；醒目性，简洁。
常见概括性词有：原因：reason, cause；结果：result, effect；目的：aim, purpose；方法：measure, solution, way, method；观点：opinion, view, attitude；异同：differences, similarities；优劣：advantages, disadvantages；其它：time, purpose, behavior, feeling。
Ⅲ.任务型阅读特点
(1)特点1：容易题比例显著上升；
要招1：两大规律快速解题: 原词重现题是送分题，考生们务必抓牢。易题：中等题：难题=5:3:2这一黄金比例的固若金汤。强调2点做题规律：
规律1：如果动词或介词(或介词短语）后面有一个空格，空格中缺名词或者动词，那么只需在文章中找到该动词或介词（或介词短语）后面的名词或者动词，就是答案。
规律2：如果名词前面有一个空格，空格中缺动词或形容词，那么只需在文章中找到该名词前面的动词或形容词，就是答案。(我们来现场验证一下)
规律1：第76,79,80题
第76题:Little magnets were tied to the pigeons’ heads to (76)▲their magnetic sense.
这里to很显然是不定式，后面应该加动词原形，符合第一点规律，根据定位词pigeons’ heads 在第7段的第一行找到了“One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds’ heads to block their magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinner.这句话。第79题:Little rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79) ▲ .同样也符合第一条规律，in the direction of后面缺名词，根据定位词rod-like bacteria，swim together in the direction of找到了第10段倒数第一行：He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria
that all swam together in one direction-north.
第80题:Some animals had a chain of dense magnetic particles in or close to the (80) ▲inside their bodies.同样符合第一条规律，介词to 后面填名词，根据定位词the magnetic stuff 我们找到了“In each animal，except for the bee. the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.”规律2：第77题:The pigeons’ magnetic sense seemed to be affected on (77)▲days. Days前面显然缺形容词，即什么样的天气。根据定位词days和affected 这个否定动词，再根据But这一否定转折连词，我们找到了第7段倒数第二行But on cloudy days，the pigeons with magnets could not find their way.
(2)特点2：中等题比例维持稳定
要招2：准确预测答案词性至关重要:词性转化题在任务型阅读中属于中等题，要求学生具有非常扎实的语法基本功，高考任务型阅读中常见的词性转化方式有1. 名词和动词之间的相互转换2.名词动词和形容词之间的相互转换3. 动词及其分词（现在分词和过去分词）之间的相互转换，如：第71,73题。
第71题:Our earth is a big magnet and a little freely (71) ▲magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south.
And 连接的是两个句子，后面这个句子a little freely (71) ▲magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south. 已经有谓语动词lines itself with。于是a little freely (71) ▲magnetic needle是作为主语，a little freely (71) ▲magnetic是作为needles的修饰成分。Freely是副词，可以修饰副词或者是形容词，于是我们预测答案可能是副词或者形容词，但是我们根据定位词lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south. 找回原文第三段第二句话：So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. 第73题”One piece of evidence is the (73) ▲of many birds between their summer homes and winter homes. The后面加名词或者是形容词，但是后面有of结构的时候只能是名词，但是这一名词究竟可数还是不可数，还得看它是具体名词还是抽象名词，如果为后者，那么应判为不可数，于是用原形。73题根据定位词between their summer homes and winter homes.可定位至Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. migrate
(3)特点3：难题比例下要招3：语感以及句子/段落意群的概括能力需不断夯实:固定搭配和提炼概括这两类题一般属于难题，高考毕竟是选拔性的考试，这两种题型的设置则容易使我们区分不同层次的考生，今年的固定搭配考得比较偏，要求考生有无比强的语言敏感度，俗称语感。
第72题:(72) ▲on the idea above, the navigating compass was invented. 此题填based on 需要考生充分理解When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass，it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies.
第78题:The (78) ▲of the magnetic stuff for the animal compass
Little rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79) ▲ . Some animals had a chain of dense magnetic particles in or close to the (80)▲inside their bodies. 此题需要学生结合第79和80题所对应的两个句子，即句子组合形成的意群，以及在此基础上根据定位
词rod-like bacteria还有a chain of dense magnetic particles这两个短语对应到文章的倒数第3,4段，粗读这两段我们会明白它是在讲一个最新的发现；而found ,showed, find这一系列词汇的出现进一步证实了我们课上经常强调的一点：反复重现或同义替换是标题（此题属于段落标题）。
高考任务型阅读精练