机械英语常用词汇及对话

机械专业词汇（一）

machinery 机械

mechanical engineering 机械工程design 设计

manufacture 制造

technique 技术，技巧technology 科技，工程技术specification 说明书

facility 设备

machinist 机械师

technician 技师

design process 设计流程manufacture flow 加工工艺流程concept design 概念设计

cutter 刀具

tool 刀具

cutting tool 切削工具

machine tool 机床

the engine lathe 普通车床

rotate 旋转

fabricate 制作

spindle 主轴

tailstock 尾架，尾座

three jaw chuck 三爪卡盘

collet 夹头

center 顶尖

belt 腰带，传送带

workpiece 工件，加工件

drill 钻头

ream 铰孔

thread 车螺纹adjust 调整，调节

taper 锥形，锥度

headstock 主轴箱

work-holding attachment工件卡紧附件electric motor 电动机

belt drive 带驱动

gear 齿轮，传动装置

gear train 齿轮传动链

cut taper 切锥度

grind 磨

grinding machine 磨床

assemble 装配

miller 铣工，铣床

milling 铣削

method 方法

portion 部分

bore 钻，挖

slot 狭槽，口

swivel 旋转

swiveling head 旋转头

the multimodal cutter 多齿铣刀milling cutters 铣刀

cut gear 加工齿轮

vertical spindle machine 立式主轴铣床horizontal miller 卧式铣床

arc 电弧

welding 焊接

joint 接头

article 条款

brazing 铜焊

electrode 电极，电焊条

holder 固定器

worksite 工地，施工现场

helmet 头盔

leather apron 皮革制服

safety equipment 安全装备

glove 手套

arc welding 电焊弧

resistance welding 电阻焊接

gas welding 气焊

solid state welding 固态焊

source of electric current 电流源

leather apron 皮革制服

bench 工作台

benchwork 在工作台上完成的工作

fitter 装配工

manipulation 操纵

mold 模子

repair 修理

worktable 工作台

conveyor 传送者

hardware 五金器具，硬件

vice 台虎钳，老虎钳

file 锉刀

anvil 铁砧

mounter 装配工，安装工

operation 运转，操作

mechanize 机械化

case fitter 家具安装工

hardware assemble 五金器具、硬件装配师movable vice with anvil 带有铁砧的可移动性台虎钳

tilatable vice 倾动式的台虎钳

case fitters 家具安装工

rolling 辗压

forging 锻造

extruding 挤压

stretching 拉伸

straight bending 直弯

casting 锻造

molding 成型

raw material 原材料

metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术

die 模具

blacksmith 铁匠

alloy 合金

primary process 初加工工艺

secondary process 精加工工艺manufacturing process机械加工工艺

powder metallurgy 粉末冶金

finishing operation 精整

end product 最终产品

molten metal 熔融金属

production process 生产工艺

shaping 刨光，刨削

planning 刨平

slab milling 平面铣

face milling 端面铣

broaching 拉削，推削

grinding 磨削

sawing 锯切

flat surface machining 平面加工

drilling 钻孔

boring 镗孔

reaming 铰孔

metal removal 金属切削

chip removal 有屑切削

chipless removal 无屑切削

metal removal by heat 热金属切削cylindrical surface machining 圆柱面加工punch 冲孔，打孔

numerical control 数控

punched card 穿孔卡片

punched tape 穿孔带

magnetic tape 磁性带

work relationship 工件关系

tool relationship 刀具关系

smelt 精炼，冶炼

furnace 炉子，熔炉

heat treatment 热处理

iron smelting 铁的熔炼

physical characteristics 物理特性

whole heat treatment 整体热处理surface heat treatment 表面热处理chemical heat treatment化学热处理

heat-temperature 加热温度

cooling method 冷却方式heating 加热

annealing 退火

quenching 淬火

cutter 刀具

grinder 磨工

accident rate 事故发生率accident-free operation 零事故操作mechanical guarding 机械防护safety instruction 安全规章

safety officer 安全管理员mechanism 机械装置

panel 面板

pipe 导管

piston 活塞

crankshaft 机轴，曲轴

cam 凸轮

valve 阀

roller 滚筒，

switch on 接通

electronic control system 电控系统steel sheet 钢板

wind resistance 风阻力aluminium alloy 铝合金

back wheel 后轮

spoke wheel 辐条车轮

disc wheel 盘状车轮

翻译对话(1)

Jay: How many machine tools are there in your factory?

Tommy: Ten.

Jay: What kind of machine tools are they?

Tommy: There are four lathes, three milling machines, two shapers and one drilling machine.

Jay: How many workers are there in your workshop?

Tommy: There are nine.

Jay: Are they all turners?

Tommy: No, seven of them are turners and two locksmiths.

Jay: So no one can operate the milling machine.

Tommy: No, six of the turners can operate it.

Jay: Is there any women?

Tommy: There are eight women. Five are workers. Others are managers.

Dialogue（2）

A: Tom, you said that / you like to / be a machinist, /didn’t you?

B: Yes, sir. /An outstanding machinist!

A: Then, do you know /what you have to learn?

B: Sorry, sir. I am not clear about / it enough. Could you tell me /something about it?

A: You should pay attention to /manufacture and design. This book introduces /basic knowledge about manufacture. You will benefit from it.

B: Thank you so much. I will try my best to learn it. Oh, this machine / looks interesting. What is it? A: It is a very useful tool / in machining. The engine lathe.

B: What does it use for?

A: The engine lathe / is a very useful tool in machining. It can be used for / drilling, reaming, threading, cutting tapers.

B: I’ve got it.

Dialogue（3）

A: Sir, I am not familiar with / the equipment / in our workshop. Could you please / give me a hand? B: Sure. Any questions?

A: Is this a bench?

B: Yes, it is.

A: How about those tools?

B: This is a vice, and that is a file. This is not a tool / but a workpiece. A workpiece / is the material / to be manufactured.

A: Ok, I see. What’s that big machine?

B: It’s the engine lathe. And altogether we have five lathes. Here we have / five turners / to operate those lathes.

A: I heard that /the engine lathe / is one kind of machine tools. Am I right?

B: Yeap. The engine lathe, / milling machine, / grinding machine, /drilling machine, /shaper /and sawing machine/ are machine tools. All of them /are important /in mechanical engineering.

A: Are there /any other machine tools/ in our workshop?

B: Of course. We have three milling machines, / two shapers/ and four drilling machines.

A: That’s great. Thank you for your explanation.

Dialogue（4）

A: Tom, do you know / what the original machine is?

B: It may be tools, / which were used by / the primitive men.

A: Right. The first tools that the mankind made were stone falchions, stone axes and stone hammers. All kinds of complicated and accurate modern machines are developed from the simple tools of the ancient times step by step.

B: Oh, I see, sir. That is the reason why we learn the mechanical history.

Dialogue Translation (5):

A: Tom, Do you know what is milling method?

B: Sorry sir. I have no idea about it.

A: Milling is a process of generating machined surfaces. The process employs relative motion between a workpiece and a rotating cutter. After the milling process, some kinds of required surfaces

can be produced.。

B: what’s the machine used in milling process?

A: Miller or we can say milling machine. Milling machines are useful in many areas. They are usually used to machine flat surfaces and irregular surfaces as well. They can also be used to drill, bore, cut, gears, and produce.

B: May I ask another question?

A: Sure. Go ahead.

B: Which one is more important, a lathe or a miller?

A: It’s hard to say. A lathe can hold more kinds of tools with its spindle. The milling tools have many teeth, just like many lathe tools.

B: I see. They are both important in manufacturing.

Manufacturing processes can be classified into two general groups. They are known as primary processes and secondary processes.

Primary processes can convert saw materials into different shapes. And secondary processes remove metal from a workpiece in order to achieve a specified shape or configuration .

Castings are made by pouring the molten metal into a mold or die.

Shaping, grinding, and milling are typical flat surface machining methods. Drilling, reaming, turning and grinding are typical cylindrical surface machining methods.

Dialogue Translation (6):

A: Tom, what does “turning” mean?

B: Perhaps, it means “dancing”.

A: No, you are absolutely wrong! Turning is one of the most basic machining processes.

B: I see. Then, which machine tool is used in turning, milling machine or grinding machine? A: Neither of them. Turning is a kind of chip removal process. The machine tool used in this process is called a lathe. The starting material is generally a workpiece generated by other processes, such as casting and forging.

B: I have another question. What are the advantages and disadvantages of turning?

A: It is a rapid processing technique. However, it can only produce circular or conical sections. And the initial cost of the machine tool is relatively high. Besides, turning process is a waste of raw material.

B: Ok, I’ve got it. Thanks.